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North Dakota Stratigraphy horridus ROCK ROCK UNIT COLUMN PERIOD EPOCH AGES MILLIONS OF AGO Common Name: Holocene Oahe .01 Three horned

Coleharbor Pleistocene QUATERNARY Classification: 1.8 Unnamed 5 Miocene Class: Reptilia 25 Arikaree Order: Family: Brule Oligocene

38 South Heart Chadron Triceratops horridus on display in the North Dakota Chalky Buttes

Camels Butte Industrial Commission office building in Bismarck. Skull was Eocene Golden 55 Valley Bear Den collected in Slope County from U. S. Forest Service-Dakota Prairie Grasslands administered land. Skull is 1.5 m long. North Sentinel Butte Dakota State Collection ND 92-19.1. TERTIARY Description: Triceratops (three-horned face) was one of the largest and Bullion heaviest of the plant eating, horned . This dinosaur grew

Paleocene Creek to lengths of 30 feet and could weigh as much as 5 tons. Even though the front legs of Triceratops were short, they were Slope powerfully built to support the weight of its extremely heavy head. Cannonball The skull of Triceratops, often at least 6 feet long in adult Ludlow 65 specimens, is distinctive because it is equipped with two long brow Hell Creek horns, one short nose , and a large, solid, bone frill that covered its neck. It had powerful jaws that ended in a parrot-like Fox Hills peak. These jaws contained batteries of small teeth adapted for shearing fibrous plants. Damage to many Triceratops suggests that these probably sparred with one another by ACEOUS Pierre locking horns and shoving and twisting, possibly to win mates or

CRET establish territory. It is possible that Triceratops may have charged predators, such as its contemporary rex, 84 Niobrara similar to an enraged . This of dinosaurs was

Carlile one of the last to ever live.

Carbonate Calcareous Shale Claystone/Shale

Siltstone Sandstone Sand & Gravel

Mudstone Lignite Glacial Drift

Triceratops in a bald cypress forest. Painting by Elaenor Kish, courtesy of the Canadian Museum of , Ottawa, Canada.

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