DOCSLIB.ORG

Stony Brook University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stony Brook University SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Invasions, Insurgency and Interventions: Sweden’s Wars in Poland, Prussia and Denmark 1654 - 1658. A Dissertation Presented by Christopher Adam Gennari to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Stony Brook University May 2010 Copyright by Christopher Adam Gennari 2010 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Christopher Adam Gennari We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. Ian Roxborough – Dissertation Advisor, Professor, Department of Sociology. Michael Barnhart - Chairperson of Defense, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Department of History. Gary Marker, Professor, Department of History. Alix Cooper, Associate Professor, Department of History. Daniel Levy, Department of Sociology, SUNY Stony Brook. This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School """"""""" """"""""""Lawrence Martin "" """""""Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Invasions, Insurgency and Intervention: Sweden’s Wars in Poland, Prussia and Denmark. by Christopher Adam Gennari Doctor of Philosophy in History Stony Brook University 2010 "In 1655 Sweden was the premier military power in northern Europe. When Sweden invaded Poland, in June 1655, it went to war with an army which reflected not only the state’s military and cultural strengths but also its fiscal weaknesses. During 1655 the Swedes won great successes in Poland and captured most of the country. But a series of military decisions transformed the Swedish army from a concentrated, combined-arms force into a mobile but widely dispersed force. Fiscal necessities also drove acts of violence which quickly angered the Polish populace. This sparked a religiously fueled partisan insurgency against Swedish occupation. This insurgency created a stalemate in the war. This stalemate allowed foreign powers, including Austria, Muscovy and Denmark, to intervene in the Swedish-Polish war to advance their own interests. This dissertation examines the dangers of a strong military power trying to occupy a culturally diverse and exotic state without adequate resources to obtain all of the military and political goals of the war. iii Table of Contents List of Charts"."."."."."."."."."vi List of Maps"."."."."."."."."."vii Abbreviations in Footnotes"."."."."."."."viii Acknowledgements"."."."."."."."."ix Chapter 1: Sweden in the Western Perspective".".".". 1 "Historiography"."."."."."."."13 Chapter 2: Sweden’s Military Superiority"."."."."."22 "The ‘Swedish Method’ of War"."."."."."25 "Inclusionary Government and Conscription"."."."41 "Discipline"."."."."."."."."52 "Logistics"."."."."."."."."60 Chapter 3: December 1654"."."."."."."."65 "Decemberrådslagen"."."."."."."."74 "War Against Whom?"."."."."."."."78 "Negotiations "."."."."."."."."87 " Chapter 4: Preparations for War: Spring 1655"."."."."90 "Spring Riksdag of 1655"."."."."."."94 "Contributions and the Reduktion"."."."."."97 "Preparations for War"."."."."."."."101 "European Reaction in the Winter and Spring of 1655"."."111 Chapter 5: Swedish Success in Poland and Prussia in 1655"."."."115 "Swedish Success in Poland"."."."."."."122 "Operation Prussia"."."."."."."."133 Chapter 6: Insurgency and the Decline of Sweden’s Army in Poland"."149 "Mass Divided by Space: Swedish Garrisons"."."."152 "Creating an Insurgency"."."."."."."165 "The Undecisive Decisive Battle of Warsaw."."."."194 "“The Last Eighty Meters of the Middle Ages”"."."."204 iv Chapter 7: The E#ect of Foreign Intervention"."."."."208 "Danzig and the Dutch""."."."."."214 "Brandenburg"."."."."."."."."222 "Transylvania"."."."."."."."."229 "Muscovy"."."."."."."."."239 " Chapter 8: Danish Intervention and Sweden’s Invasion of Denmark"."257 " Chapter 9: In Conclusion."."."."."."."."284 Bibliography"."."."."."."."."."292 v List of Charts Swedish Exports of Artillery Pieces"."."."."."39. Avg. Attendance of Swedish Conscripts by year"."."."48. Avg. Attendance of Swedish Conscripts by Province"."."49. Distribution of Swedish Troops, June 1654"."."."."73 Distribution of Swedish Troops, March 1655"."."."93. Swedish Force Distribution, Eve of War with Poland". "."104. Distribution of Swedish Cavalry"."."."."."105. Distribution of Swedish Infantry"."."."."."105. Distribution of Swedish Troops, July 1655"."."."."119. Charles X Gustav Army Composition, June 1655"."."."120. FM. Wittenberg’s Army Composition, June 1655"."."."120. Army of Livonia Army Composition, June 1655"."."."121. Decline of Swedish Field Forces, 1655-1657"."."."."161. Decline of Provincial Regimental Manpower"."."."162. Manpower Decline of Swedish Infantry Regiments"."."167. Manpower Decline of Swedish Cavalry Regiments"."."168. Swedish Force Distribution, June 1656"."."."."187 Manpower Decline of Swedish Infantry Regiments, 1655-1657 ."."197. Manpower Decline of Swedish Cavalry Regiments, 1655-1657"."198. Charles X’s Army Composition in September 1655"."."203. Charles X’s Army Composition in July 1656"."."."203. Sweden’s Field Army in the Baltic"."."."."."245. Sweden’s Garrisons in the Baltic, July 1656"."."."."246. Sweden’s Garrisons in the Baltic, September 1657"."."."247. Sweden’s Garrisons in the Baltic, July 1658"."."."."248. Rate of Decline of Garrisons in Estonia and Ingria"."."251. Rate of Decline of Garrisons in Livonia"."."."."250. Distribution of Swedish Troops, July 1657"."."."."270. Strength Distribution of Swedish Forces, 1657"."."."271. vi List of Maps Sweden’s Diplomatic Situation, 1654"."."."."66. Sweden’s Diplomatic Situation, 1655"."."."."116. Swedish Operations in Poland and Prussia, 1655"."."."132. Sweden’s Diplomatic Situation, 1656"."."."."150. Swedish Garrisons in Poland and Prussia, Spring 1656"."."156. Sweden’s Diplomatic Situation, 1657"."."."."209. Sweden’s Diplomatic Situation, 1658""."."."258. March Across the Belts"."."."."."."278. vii Abbreviations RA $ Riksarkivet, Stockholm RR $ Riksregisturet (Riksarkivet) RHB - Rådets Handlingar och Brev (Riksarkivet) RRP - Svenska Riksrådets Protokoll SVARP - Sveriges Ridderskaps och Adels Riksdags Protokoll CXGS $ Carl X Gustaf Studier SPJT $ State Papers of John Thurloe SIE $ Michael Roberts, Sweden’s Imperial Experience SGP $ Michael Roberts, Sweden as a Great Power: Collection of Primary Sources. QCGC $ Michael Roberts, “Queen Christina and the """"General Crises of the 17th Century” viii Acknowledgements "This dissertation could not have been completed if not for the significant support of many people. First and foremost I need to thank my wife, Elizabeth O’Connell Gennari. She was there when this project began and questioned me to prepare for my first exams. She was there when this project was about something else entirely and has been an important sounding board and advisor for this project. She was even able to get me home from a research trip in Sweden when the eastern United States was shrouded in an electrical blackout. This dissertation is her triumph as much as it is mine. "I need to thank my advisor, Dr. Ian Roxborough, who shepherded this dissertation through all of its stages. His kind guidance and support made the completion of this project possible. He read every one of the thousands of pages I wrote over the years and always helped mold this into a better project. I would also like to thank the rest of my defense committee. They lent their considerable expertise to this project so that it became well rounded and developed. This project is far better because of their input and support. ""I wish to thank the Graduate School of Stony Brook University. The Graduate School continued to provide the time necessary for me to complete this project. They also fiscally supported my doctoral work. This project and all of my future work would be impossible without the continued faith and support of the Stony Brook University Graduate School. I am glad I could repay their support. "I need to thank the scholars who made this project possible. Michael Roberts’s work remains the only robust work in English on the subject of seventeenth century Sweden. Without his work this project would be impossible. His research, translation, writings and theories formed the backbone of this project. I need to thank Jan Glete, who generously met with me several times before his passing. His work, advice and conversations aided me in my research and thinking. His generosity towards an unknown American with an interest in his homeland’s history was always appreciated. Finally, there is the work of Arne Stade whose Studier remains the most concentrated material on Charles X Gustav. Without Mr. Stade’s voluminous research, writings, editing and organizing of source materials there is little chance this project could ever have been completed. "I need to thank my friends and family who have endured this project for the better part of a decade. They have always been supportive of whatever I needed to do in order to complete this work. No one could ask for more support than I have received in researching and writing this project. I am happy to note that one member of our family, my niece Olivia, has never known a single day of this project. To her this dissertation will be the stu# of myth and legend;
Load more

Recommended publications
  • London and Middlesex in the 1660S Introduction: the Early Modern
    London and Middlesex in the 1660s Introduction: The early modern metropolis first comes into sharp visual focus in the middle of the seventeenth century, for a number of reasons. Most obviously this is the period when Wenceslas Hollar was depicting the capital and its inhabitants, with views of Covent Garden, the Royal Exchange, London women, his great panoramic view from Milbank to Greenwich, and his vignettes of palaces and country-houses in the environs. His oblique birds-eye map- view of Drury Lane and Covent Garden around 1660 offers an extraordinary level of detail of the streetscape and architectural texture of the area, from great mansions to modest cottages, while the map of the burnt city he issued shortly after the Fire of 1666 preserves a record of the medieval street-plan, dotted with churches and public buildings, as well as giving a glimpse of the unburned areas.1 Although the Fire destroyed most of the historic core of London, the need to rebuild the burnt city generated numerous surveys, plans, and written accounts of individual properties, and stimulated the production of a new and large-scale map of the city in 1676.2 Late-seventeenth-century maps of London included more of the spreading suburbs, east and west, while outer Middlesex was covered in rather less detail by county maps such as that of 1667, published by Richard Blome [Fig. 5]. In addition to the visual representations of mid-seventeenth-century London, a wider range of documentary sources for the city and its people becomes available to the historian.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Outline of Polish and Polish American History - Part 1
    A Brief Outline of Polish and Polish American History - Part 1 120,000 B.C. - First records of Protoslavic cultures in the 1683 - John Sobieski defeats the Turks at Vienna. Ojcow region of Poland. 1745 - Casimir Pulaski is born in Poland. 1300 B.C. - First evidence of Lusatian culture, the progenitor of modern Polish and Slavic cultures. 1746 - Thaddeus Kosciuszko is born in Poland. He attended school in Lubieszow and later the Cadet 700 B.C. - Biskupin Settlement is built in central Poland Academy in Warsaw and then undertook engineering in what is now the voivodeship of Torun. It is now a studies in Paris. museum in Poland featuring the oldest settlement. 1776 - Thaddeus Kosciuszko came to America to offer 100 A.D. - Contact with Roman Danubian provinces his services to General George Washington. He was made by Slavic peoples, although Rome never expands appointed engineer of the Continental Army with the into their territories. rank of Colonel. He distinguished himself throughout the American Revolutionary War. His engineering and 500 - West Slavic tribal federations begin to form. fortification skills along the Delaware River and at 850 - Polanie and Wislanie tribal groups appear, Saratoga, N.Y., helped win battles for the Continental eventually merging together into the first state of Poland. Army. Kosciuszko is well known for his fortification at West Point, which is the site of West Point Military 966 - Duke Mieszko accepts Christianity for himself and Academy. The name General Thaddeus Kosciuszko is for Poland and the documented history of Poland begins. listed on organizations, bridges, schools, and other local and national landmarks.
    [Show full text]
  • Generate PDF of This Page
    Institute of National Remembrance https://ipn.gov.pl/en/digital-resources/articles/4397,Battle-of-Warsaw-1920.html 2021-10-01, 13:56 11.08.2020 Battle of Warsaw, 1920 We invite you to read an article by Mirosław Szumiło, D.Sc. on the Battle of Warsaw, 1920. The text is also available in French and Russian (see attached pdf files). The Battle of Warsaw was one of the most important moments of the Polish-Bolshevik war, one of the most decisive events in the history of Poland, Europe and the entire world. However, excluding Poland, this fact is almost completely unknown to the citizens of European countries. This phenomenon was noticed a decade after the battle had taken place by a British diplomat, Lord Edgar Vincent d’Abernon, a direct witness of the events. In his book of 1931 “The Eighteenth Decisive Battle of the World: Warsaw, 1920”, he claimed that in the contemporary history of civilisation there are, in fact, few events of greater importance than the Battle of Warsaw of 1920. There is also no other which has been more overlooked. To better understand the origin and importance of the battle of Warsaw, one needs to become acquainted with a short summary of the Polish-Bolshevik war and, first and foremost, to get to know the goals of both fighting sides. We ought to start with stating the obvious, namely, that the Bolshevik regime, led by Vladimir Lenin, was, from the very beginning, focused on expansion. Prof. Richard Pipes, a prolific American historian, stated: “the Bolsheviks took power not to change Russia, but to use it as a trampoline for world revolution”.
    [Show full text]
  • The Paradigm of Geopolitics Lost Its Homogeneous Character and Therefore This Thesis Deliberates the Key Concepts of Geopolitical Theories
    Beata Kamila Maczka (DE-)SECURITIZING EAST POLISH DISCOURSE ON EASTERN PARTNERSHIP University of Tampere Department of Political Science and International Relations International School of Social Sciences Master in European Studies: Europeanization of Politics and Governance International Politics Master’s Thesis May 2010 University of Tampere Department of Political Science and International Relations International School of Social Sciences MACZKA, BEATA KAMILA: (De-) Securitizing East - Polish Discourse on Eastern Dimension Master’s Thesis, 102 pages Master in European Studies: Europeanization of Politics and Governance International Relations May 2010 Abstract The subject of this thesis is Polish discourse concerning the Eastern Partnership. The subject creates an opportunity to analyze security policy under current geopolitical conditions in the context of Poland’s membership in the EU. Polish literature concerning eastern issues is dominated by classical geopolitical thinking and numerous references to grand narratives. Therefore, the study explores the critical geopolitics theoretical approach. The theory provides a tool for understanding how identity, security discourses and geographical reasoning are being constructed. Security issues, especially those concerning Russia, are in Polish literature and public debates discussed by means of political realism, i.e. a fight over dominance, a sense of threat, and the need of power maximization. The aim of this thesis is to analyze arguments, which are used in Poland to justify the development of the Eastern Partnership Project. Relying on extensive studies on Estonia’s situation, I want to follow through correlations between geopolitics and identity and its influence on Poland’s perception of Polish and European security. The aim of the thesis was to show the construction of threats in Poland.
    [Show full text]
  • Generate PDF of This Page
    Institute of National Remembrance https://ipn.gov.pl/en/news/4377,The-Polish-Soviet-War-of-1920.html 2021-10-04, 09:59 03.08.2020 The Polish-Soviet War of 1920 Reasons The main reason for the outbreak of the Polish-Soviet war the threat to Poland’s independence by Soviet Russia, as well as the attempt to implement the idea of a permanent revolution, and the export of the communist revolution Europe-wide. The Bolsheviks began carrying out this plan immediately after seizing power in Russia in October of 1917. They undertook the first attempts in Finland already in 1918, where civil war had broken out, as well as in the Baltic nations. In 1919 an attempt was made at provoking an uprising in Berlin, in March of the same year a government coalition was formed in Hungary with the participation communists, and in June of 1919 an attempt was made at a coup in Vienna. With the aim of transferring the revolution to other European countries, in March 1919, the Bolsheviks founded Comintern – the Third International, which was formally an independent organisation, but in practise functioned according to the guidelines of the Political Office of the communist party. One of its “branches” was the Communist Polish Workers Party (later: the Communist Party of Poland), which originated even earlier – in December 1918. From the perspective of Poland’s independence, a highly significant issue in relations with the eastern neighbour, was determining the course of the eastern border. During this time Central Europe was occupied along the belt from the Baltic Sea to the Sea of Azov, by the German army, which only began retreating after entering into a ceasefire in Compiegne on 11 November 1918.
    [Show full text]
  • AIVAR PÕLDVEE Bengt Gottfried Forselius Ja Rahvahariduse Lätted
    DISSERTATIONES HISTORIAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 20 DISSERTATIONES HISTORIAE UNIVERSITATIS TARTUENSIS 20 AIVAR PÕLDVEE Bengt Gottfried Forselius ja rahvahariduse lätted Eesti- ja Liivimaal TARTU ÜLIKOOLI KIRJASTUS Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo ja arheoloogia instituut, Tartu, Eesti Kaitsmisele lubatud Tartu Ülikooli filosoofiateaduskonna ajaloo ja arheoloogia instituudi nõukogu otsusega 1. juulist 2010. a Juhendaja: prof dr Mati Laur Oponent: riigiarhivaar emeritus dr Kari Tarkiainen (Kansallisarkisto, Helsingi) Doktoritöö kaitsmine toimub 23. septembril 2010. a kell 16.15 Tartu Ülikooli nõukogu saalis Tartus, Ülikooli 18 ISSN 1406–443X ISBN 978–9949–19–447–6 (trükis) ISBN 978–9949–19–448–3 (PDF) Autoriõigus Aivar Põldvee, 2010 Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus www.tyk.ee Tellimuse nr 403 EESSÕNA Festina lente! Need sõnad kirjutas Keila pastor Anton Heidrich 1688. aasta talvel Bengt Gottfried Forseliuse ortograafiatraktaati lugedes märkmelehele. Liiga kiiresti toimus kõik see kirja- ja õppeviisi muutmine tema jaoks. 1984. aasta paiku arhiivis Heidrichi kirju lugedes välgatas mu peas korraks mõte, et Forseliuse kohta on veel nii mõndagi öelda. Ja päris lahti see mõte mind enam ei lasknud... Tänan kõigepealt professor Sulev Vahtret, kes julgustas, et kodu- kihelkonna ajalugu XVII sajandil võiks olla hea teema diplomitöö kirjuta- miseks. Nii palju see asi ka õnnestus, et Arvo Tering oponendina nägi töös alget, mille võiks Keele ja Kirjanduse artikliks arendada. Audiatur et altera pars, kirjutas ta retsensioonis. Teadmine, et kihelkondlikud seigad, personaalia jm esmapilgul kõrvaline varia pole üksnes väärtuslik faktimaterjal, vaid ka lähtekoht meetodile, mis võimaldab leida varjatud varandusi ja esitada teist- moodi küsimusi, selgines hiljem. Kui see ei kõlaks vabandusena, võiks meetodiks pidada ka aeglast küpsemist ja pikki pause. Asudes väitekirja juurde – mis ei sündinud professor Mati Lauri tänuväärse taganttõukamiseta – oli silme ees koondav monograafia.
    [Show full text]
  • Identität Und Abgrenzung. Die Polnische „Szlachta“ Auf
    MARIUS ZMUDA IDENTITÄT UND ABGRENZUNG. DIE POLNISCHE „SZLACHTA“ AUF DER SUCHE NACH IHREM PLATZ IN EUROPA 1648 – 1668 Magisterarbeit vorgelegt 2003 an der Universität zu Münster – Westfalen Philosophische Fakultät Betreuer: Prof. Dr. Lothar Maier Digitale Osteuropa-Bibliothek: Geschichte 10 Letzte Änderung am: 20.10.2004 2 INHALT 1. Einleitung ___________________________________________________ 5 2. Theoretische Grundlagen ______________________________________ 8 2.1 „Identität“ und „Abgrenzung“ __________________________________ 8 2.1.1 Identität ________________________________________________ 8 2.1.2 Abgrenzung _____________________________________________ 9 2.2 Nation ____________________________________________________ 10 2.2.1 „Nationale Identität“ und „Nationalbewußtsein“ _______________ 10 2.2.2 Der Begriff „Nation“_____________________________________ 11 2.2.3 Versuch einer Definition des Begriffes „Nation“ _______________ 11 2.2.3.1 Objektive und subjektive Faktoren ______________________ 11 2.2.3.2 Historischer Ansatz __________________________________ 13 2.2.3.3 Nation – eine Erscheinung der Moderne? _________________ 13 2.3 Zwischenfazit ______________________________________________ 15 3.1 Der Verteidiger Polens – Łukasz Opaliński _______________________ 16 3.2 Politische Publizistik während der Herrschaft des letzten Wasas auf dem polnischen Thron - Flugblatt_______________________________ 18 4. Historischer Kontext – Rzeczpospolita unter der Herrschaft des Jan II. Kazimierz Waza_________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Förteckning Över De La Gardieska Arkivet Biographica Minora Reviderad 2009 Av Per Stobaeus
    Förteckning över De la Gardieska arkivet Biographica minora reviderad 2009 av Per Stobaeus Universitetsbiblioteket, Lunds universitet 1 Bild på framsidan: Odaterat brev från Helena Sofia Wudd till Samuel Tystenberg. De bilder på dokument i Biographica minora som ingår i denna förteckning är fotograferade respektive skannade av Mikael Lovdalen, Bengt Melliander och Per Stobaeus. 2 DE LA GARDIESKA ARKIVET BIOGRAPHICA MINORA Förteckning reviderad av Per Stobaeus 2009 Inledning De la Gardieska arkivet (även kallat De la Gardieska samlingen) i Universitetsbiblioteket i Lund innehåller så mycket mer än handlingar från familjen De la Gardie. Tusentals människor ur olika samhällsgrupper möter oss i brev och andra dokument. Avdelningen Biographica minora är ett urval av handlingar – mest brev – från ett stort antal personer under perioden från Gustav I:s kungaval 1523 till Jacob De la Gardies död 1842. Biographica minora har ursprungligen sammanställts på Löberöds slott av Jacob De la Gardie (1768–1842) och Peter Wieselgren (1800–1877) och överallt påträffar man deras anteckningar på breven. I Biographica minora finner vi exempelvis militärer, författare, präster, hovmän, professorer, handelsmän, brukspatroner, läkare och andra ämbetsmän. Flera kvinnliga brevskrivare förekommer i samlingen. Några dokument i Biographica minora faller utanför den nämnda tidsramen (t.ex. handlingar 1836–1899 rörande folklivsforskaren och konstnären Nils Månsson Mandelgren). Ett par medeltidshandlingar i eftermedeltida kopior ingår också: ett brev rörande skifte mellan lågfrälsemannen Erik Slatte och hans svåger Lars Olsson 1517 samt ett brev av heliga Birgitta. Det sistnämnda brevet har av någon anledning plockats ut ur sitt sammanhang i Historiska handlingar I:1 och förts till Biographica minora. Endast i några få undantagsfall är breven i Biographica minora utfärdade av kungar, vilket skiljer denna serie från De la Gardieska arkivets Historiska handlingar.
    [Show full text]
  • The 1693 Census of the Swedes on the Delaware
    THE 1693 CENSUS OF THE SWEDES ON THE DELAWARE Family Histories of the Swedish Lutheran Church Members Residing in Pennsylvania, Delaware, West New Jersey & Cecil County, Md. 1638-1693 PETER STEBBINS CRAIG, J.D. Fellow, American Society of Genealogists Cartography by Sheila Waters Foreword by C. A. Weslager Studies in Swedish American Genealogy 3 SAG Publications Winter Park, Florida 1993 Copyright 0 1993 by Peter Stebbins Craig, 3406 Macomb Steet, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20016 Published by SAG Publications, P.O. Box 2186, Winter Park, Florida 32790 Produced with the support of the Swedish Colonial Society, Philadelphia, Pa., and the Delaware Swedish Colonial Society, Wilmington, Del. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 92-82858 ISBN Number: 0-9616105-1-4 CONTENTS Foreword by Dr. C. A. Weslager vii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: The 1693 Census 15 Chapter 2: The Wicaco Congregation 25 Chapter 3: The Wicaco Congregation - Continued 45 Chapter 4: The Wicaco Congregation - Concluded 65 Chapter 5: The Crane Hook Congregation 89 Chapter 6: The Crane Hook Congregation - Continued 109 Chapter 7: The Crane Hook Congregation - Concluded 135 Appendix: Letters to Sweden, 1693 159 Abbreviations for Commonly Used References 165 Bibliography 167 Index of Place Names 175 Index of Personal Names 18 1 MAPS 1693 Service Area of the Swedish Log Church at Wicaco 1693 Service Area of the Swedish Log Church at Crane Hook Foreword Peter Craig did not make his living, or support his four children, during a career of teaching, preparing classroom lectures, or burning the midnight oil to grade examination papers.
    [Show full text]
  • The Protectorate Playhouse: William Davenant's Cockpit in the 1650S
    The protectorate playhouse: William Davenant's cockpit in the 1650s Item Type Article Authors Watkins, Stephen Citation Watkins, S. (2019) 'The protectorate playhouse: William Davenant's cockpit in the 1650s', Shakespeare Bulletin, 37(1), pp.89-109. DOI: 10.1353/shb.2019.0004. DOI 10.1353/shb.2019.0004 Publisher John Hopkins University Press Journal Shakespeare Bulletin Download date 30/09/2021 15:44:41 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10545/624483 1 The Protectorate Playhouse: William Davenant’s Cockpit in the 1650s STEPHEN WATKINS University of Southampton Recent work on the history of the theater during the decade of republican experiment in England (1649–59) has revealed a modest but sophisticated performance culture, centering on the entrepreneurial and politically wily figure of Sir William Davenant. Despite the ban on stage plays enforced in various forms from 1642, by the mid-1650s Davenant, poet laureate to Charles I and Royalist aid during the civil wars, succeeded in gaining the Protectorate’s approval to produce a series of “Heroick Representations” (Davenant, Proposition 2) for public audiences, first at his private residence of Rutland House and later at the Cockpit theater in Drury Lane. These “Representations” embody a unique corpus in the history of English theater. They were radically innovative productions, introducing the proscenium arch, painted, perspectival scenery, and recitative music to London audiences. The Siege of Rhodes even boasted the first English female performer to appear on a professional public stage. Davenant’s 1650s works were not strictly plays in the usual sense—what John Dryden would later term “just drama” (sig.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Alleged Use of Keplerian Telescopes in Naples in the 1610S
    On the Alleged Use of Keplerian Telescopes in Naples in the 1610s By Paolo Del Santo Museo Galileo: Institute and Museum of History of Science – Florence (Italy) Abstract The alleged use of Keplerian telescopes by Fabio Colonna (c. 1567 – 1640), in Naples, since as early as October 1614, as claimed in some recent papers, is shown to be in fact untenable and due to a misconception. At the 37th Annual Conference of the Società Italiana degli Storici della Fisica e dell'Astronomia (Italian Society of the Historians of Physics and Astronomy, SISFA), held in Bari in September 2017, Mauro Gargano gave a talk entitled Della Porta, Colonna e Fontana e le prime osservazioni astronomiche a Napoli. This contribution, which appeared in the Proceedings of the Conference (Gargano, 2019a), was then followed by a paper —actually, very close to the former, which, in turn, is very close to a previous one (Gargano, 2017)— published, in the same year, in the Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage (Gargano, 2019b). In both of these writings, Gargano claimed that the Neapolitan naturalist Fabio Colonna (c. 1567 – 1640), member of the Accademia dei Lincei, would have made observations with a so-called “Keplerian” or “astronomical” telescope (i.e. with converging eyepiece), in the early autumn of 1614. The events related to the birth and development of Keplerian telescope —named after Johannes Kepler, who theorised this optical configuration in his Dioptrice, published in 1611— are complex and not well-documented, and their examination lies beyond the scope of this paper. However, from a historiographical point of view, the news that someone was already using such a configuration since as early as autumn 1614 for astronomical observations, if true, would have not negligible implications, which Gargano himself does not seem to realize.
    [Show full text]
  • Published on the 300Th Anniversary of the Passage to Eternal Life of the Venerable Servant of God, Fr
    Published on the 300th anniversary of the passage to eternal life of the Venerable Servant of God, Fr. Stanislaus of Jesus Mary Papczynski, the beloved Founder of the Order. Dedicated to His Holiness, John Paul II, a great Pole who was born on May 18, the same day as Fr. Stanislaus. — The Marians of the Immaculate Conception of the St. Stanislaus Kostka Province Lumen Marianorum Stanislaus Papczynski (1631-1701) Founder of the Order of Marians and Inspirer of the Marian School of Spirituality Tadeusz Rogalewski, MIC Marian Press Marians of the Immaculate Conception Stockbridge, Massachusetts 2001 Copyright © 2001 Congregation of Marians of the Immaculate Conception All rights reserved. Imprimi Potest for original Polish text: Very Rev. Andrew Pakula, MIC Provincial Warsaw, April 19, 2001 With Ecclesiastical Permission for English translation Library of Congress Control Number: 2001119629 ISBN 0-944203-62-0 Project Coordinator and art selection for cover: Andrew R. Maczynski, MIC Translation and editing from Polish into English: Paul and Ewa St. Jean Editing and proofreading for English edition: David Came and Marina Batiuk Index of Personal and Geographical Names: Mary Ellen McDonald Typesetting: Patricia Menatti Cover Design: William Sosa Front Cover: The image of Fr. Papczynski is from an 18th century painting which is in the Marian monastery at Puszcza Marianska, Poland. The artist is unknown. The inset is the miraculous image of Our Lady of Gozlin. Printed in the United States of America by the Marian Press, Stockbridge, Massachusetts
    [Show full text]