DOCSLIB.ORG

THE CHRONICLE AT&T Gives $2.9 Million in Computer Equipment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE CHRONICLE AT&T Gives $2.9 Million in Computer Equipment Wednesday October 16. 1985 Vol. 81. No. 37, 16 pages Duke University Durham, North Carolina Free Circulation: 15,000 THE CHRONICLE AT&T gives $2.9 million in computer equipment By QUENTIN SPENCER department chairman. "The other computers we receive American Telephone and Telegraph Co. donated $2.9 will be used to augment our instructional facilities so that million worth of c: nputer equipment and services to the they will be available for general student use." University Mond<v the first gift in the company's nation­ Allen said AT & T donated the gift on the condition that wide donation ca. paign. it be used for students. Pat Skarulis, vice chancellor for The equipment is for student instruction, research in the information systems, said the computers would be dedi­ natural sciences a I specialized research in the computer cated to student use with spare or unused computer time science department. for research. Bob Allen, chairman of AT & T Information Systems, Computers for research will be combined into a science announced the gift at a press conference Monday, attended network. "It will provide a middle layer of computing by University President Keith Brodie and Juanita Kreps, access between our personal computers and mainframes," a member ofthe board of directors of AT & T and vice pres­ said Skarulis. "It will enable science students and faculty ident emeritus. to work with the latest technology and it will provide a "These computers are the most powerful and flexible of catalyst for scientists from different disciplines to share their kind in the marketplace, and we believe they are ideas." ideally suited to make the campus ofthe future a reality "The computers will be distributed throughout the Uni­ for our nation's colleges and universities," Allen said. versity, acting as an electronic cord that ties the Univer­ Duke was chosen for the donations program because of sity together," said Dr. Alton Brantley, director of academic its commitment to computer and information movement computing. "But more than that, it's an intellectual tie. that utilizes human and information resources, Allen said. GREY PUTZNICK/THE CHRONICLE For example, there is great similarity between the image Duke is one of 146 U.S. universities receiving a total of Pat Skarulis, vice chancellor for information processing research being done in our geology department $52 million worth of computers from the AT & T Univer­ systems and radiology." sity Computer Donations Program. Continuing efforts to make the best possible tools available Brantley said that there are many uses for the new sys­ Private business must, in the face of decreasing govern­ to our faculty and students." tem. "A forestry student might tap into the system for help ment participation, take on additional responsibility for The gift includes one 3B20 super mini-computer, five 3B5 in analyzing data about the population of plants; a math funding university research and education, Allen said. mini-computers, 30 3B2 micro-computers and 115 ter­ student might use the system to prepare a research paper; AT & T donates equipment through a foundation, allowing minals. Additional equipment will link the computers to­ a physics student might need to do a simulation," he said. it to take tax deductions worth the list price ofthe equip­ gether and provide specialized graphics. Software, part of "The uses are endless." ment. AT & T Bell Laboratories UNIX operating system, is also The AT & T equipment is expected to arrive on campus "Computers are a key element in future educational de­ included in the gift. by December and be installed before the end of the year. velopment, and this generous gift from AT & T will provide "The 3B20 super mini-computer will be used to support Last month Apple Computers announced plans to give a major boost in our plans to computerize the Duke Uni­ research projects in systems design and a new program in the University two laser-printers, 12 image-writers and 25 versity campus," Brodie said. "It will be invaluable in our biomedical computing," said Donald Rose, computer science Macintosh computers worth a total of about $102,000. Employee health coverage expanded By JOHN ESCH premiums, which are $11.68 per person and $69.20 per Health officials have introduced a new health insurance family, will remain the same under DHS. program for University employees and faculty that would The purpose ofthe new program, according to DHS co­ cover all expenses and possibly save the University and ordinator P&ul Newman, is to provide the Duke comnfunity subscribers money. with an affordable, high-quality health protection service The Academic Council's faculty compensation committee to offset skyrocketing health care costs. will meet Thursday with William Donelan, director and Donelan hopes DHS will encourage employees to seek chief operating officer of Duke Hospital, to iron out details their medical services at Duke, reducing costs both to ofthe Duke Health Service (DHS), announced to employees themselves and the University. Sept. 17. Duke faculty physicians and Duke Hospital have agreed William Anlyan, chancellor of health affairs, said the to cut their rates for subscribers to the plan, reducing the plan would be available Nov. 1. insurance bills the University pays, according to Donelan. Under the current plan, Duke covers 80 percent of rou­ However, Arie Lewin, chairman ofthe academic council, tine medical costs at any hospital through Blue Cross/Blue said that DHS lacks any means of preventing subscribers Shield. The employee or faculty member pays the remain­ from using too many services, thereby creating the possi­ ing 20 percent. bility for cost overruns. The new DHS plan will cover 100 percent of medical Under the current plan, subscribers are deterred from costs, if the subscriber is treated by a Duke physician at overuse by paying at least 20 percent of medical bills not Duke Hospital. Coverage includes all costs for periodic covered by Blue Cross/Blue Shield. check-ups, eye examinations, pediatric visits and necessary But Donelan said people naturally avoid medical treat­ surgery. The University would cover only 50 percent of ment, rather than overuse it. He said lack of control under ALEX YOST/THE CHRONICLE psychiatric care costs and would not cover dental care. DHS would not be a problem and that a $440,000 hospital Froggie! Employees and faculty may choose to remain under the reserve fund will cover cost overruns. He said officials will Four-year-old Emily LaRene Roberts spots a friend old plan and have the University cover 80 percent of the monitor use and could require pre-admission authorization in the Garden's pond Sunday. cost for care at another hospital. Monthly employee-paid if overuse becomes a problem. Weather Inside COlOr-FaH: Mother Nature sure didn't take a break Growing pains: Some University Medical School Stable partner: Richard Fishman, a member of this weekend. She's been coloring trees all over campus, students now know a little more about what it's like the American Israeli Public Affairs Committee, ex­ not to mention the rest of the country. But this is the to grow old. By playing "Into Aging," in which students plains in an interview why he thinks Israel is necessary last color these trees will have until March, so enjoy pretend to be between 75 and 90 years old, they found for American security, and peace in general, in the Mid­ the show today under mostly sunny skies, with a high that a person's golden years can indeed be tarnished dle East. He also examines the Palestinian problem, in the upper 70s. Tonight will be fair with a low in the by everything from wheelchairs to bedpans. The game which he thinks is often over-emphasized by those mid 50s. Tomorrow will also be mostly sunny with a is intended to help the students interact better with opposed to Israel to focus the Arab-Israeli conflict on high in the low 70s. older patients. See page 6. a single issue. See page 4. Beached body may be slain American World & him arrested, first in Italy and then in Yugoslavia. There are unconfirmed reports that he is in Southern Yemen, a Reagan administration officials said Tuesday that a body pro-Soviet Arab country with which the United States has found washed up on the Syrian coast was almost certainly no diplomatic relations. National that of Leon Klinghoffer of New York, the tourist report­ edly killed by the hijackers of the Italian cruise ship The administration officials said indictments would be Page 2 October 16, 1985 Achille Lauro. sought on the basis of extensive evidence, including what they described as intercepted radio messages from Abbas The officials said that there was a bullet hole in the skull to the hijackers aboard the Achille Lauro and testimony of the partly decomposed body and that the shot appar­ from the passengers and crew on the ship. ently had been fired from above the head. Newsfile A Palestinian official sought by the United States in The evidence was provided to a U.S. District Court judge connection with the incident has said that the four men when warrants were obtained Saturday night for the de­ accused ofthe hijacking have denied killing anyone on the tention of the hijackers and Abbas. The government has Italy files Charges: Italian prosecutors have ship. The denial has been echoed by a top aide to Yasser declined to make public the evidence, which is under seal charged two more suspects in the hijacking of the cruise Arafat, Farouk Kaddoumi. pending the grand jury investigation. ship Achille Lauro. Meanwhile, members of Italy's At the same time, administration officials said a federal governing coalition held meetings into the night on a Klinghoffer, 69 years old, was reported to have been grand jury would soon be convened to indict the four gun­ killed and thrown overboard with his wheelchair on Oct.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Western Europe
    Western Europe Great Britain National Affairs J_ HE YEAR 1986 WAS marked by sharply contrasting trends in political and economic affairs. Notable improvement took place in labor-industrial relations, with the total of working days lost through strikes the lowest in over 20 years. By contrast, the total of 3.2 million unemployed—about 11 percent of the working population—represented only a slight decline over the previous year. Politically, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher's Conservative government made a remarkable late-year recovery, following some early disasters. The year began with two cabinet resignations, first that of Defense Secretary Michael Heseltine, soon after that of Secretary of Trade and Industry Leon Brittan. The two ministers had clashed over conflicting plans for saving the ailing Westland helicopter company. Following this controversy, the government retreated, in the face of opposition on patriotic grounds, on plans to sell Leyland Trucks to the General Motors Corpora- tion and Leyland Cars to the Ford Motor Company. Another threat to the govern- ment was the drop in the price of North Sea oil from $20 a barrel in January to $10 in the summer, although it recovered to $15 by the end of the year. Early in the year, public-opinion polls showed the Conservatives having 33 per- cent support, compared to Labor's 38 percent, and the Social Democratic/Liberal Alliance's 28 percent. By the end of the year the respective percentages were 41, 39, and 18. Although several Tory victories in local elections in September and October appeared to signal an upward trend, the recovery was perhaps due less to the Conservative party's achievements than to opposition to the defense policies of Labor and the Social Democratic/Liberal Alliance.
    [Show full text]
  • No. ICC-01/18 16 March 2020 Original: English
    ICC-01/18-95 17-03-2020 1/32 NM PT Original: English No.: ICC-01/18 Date: 16 March 2020 PRE-TRIAL CHAMBER I Before: Judge Péter Kovács, Presiding Judge Judge Marc Perrin de Brichambaut Judge Reine Adélaïde Sophie Alapini-Gansou SITUATION IN THE STATE OF PALESTINE Public Document Amicus Curiae in the Proceedings Relating to the Prosecution Request Pursuant to Article 19(3) for a Ruling on the Court’s Territorial Jurisdiction in Palestine Source: Professor Eyal Benvenisti Whewell Professor of International Law Jesus College, University of Cambridge No. ICC-01/18 1/25 16 March 2020 ICC-01/18-95 17-03-2020 2/32 NM PT Document to be notified in accordance with regulation 31 of the Regulations of the Court to: The Office of the Prosecutor Counsel for the Defence Fatou Bensouda, Prosecutor James Stewart, Deputy Prosecutor Legal Representatives of the Victims Legal Representatives of the Applicants Unrepresented Victims Unrepresented Applicants (Participation/Reparation) The Office of Public Counsel for Victims The Office of Public Counsel for the Paolina Massidda Defence States’ Representatives Amicus Curiae The competent authorities of the • Professor John Quigley State of Palestine • Guernica 37 International Justice Chambers REGISTRY • The European Centre for Law and Justice • Professor Hatem Bazian • The Touro Institute on Human Rights and the Holocaust • The Czech Republic • The Israel Bar Association • Professor Richard Falk • The Organization of Islamic Cooperation • The Lawfare Project, the Institute for NGO Research, Palestinian Media Watch, and the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs • MyAQSA Foundation • The Federal Republic of Germany • Australia • UK Lawyers for Israel, B’nai B’rith UK, the International Legal Forum, No.
    [Show full text]
  • 40Th Year (1985)
    •• ST/LIB/SER.B/S.22 ST/LIB/SER.B/S.22 Index to Proceedings Indexof thetoSecurityProceedingsCouncil of the Security Council Fortieth Year -1985 Fortieth Year -1985 Dag Hammarskjold Library New York, 1986 United Nations Dag Hammarskjold Library New York, 1986 United Nations DAG HAMMARSKJOLD LIBRARY Bibliographical Series, No. S.22 DAG HAMMARSKJOLD LIBRARY Bibliographical Series, No. S.22 ST/LIB/SER.B/5.22 ST/LIB/SER. B/8.22 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.86.I.9 00950 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION ISBN 92-1-100293-1 Sales No. E.86.I.9 ISSN 0082-8408 00950 ISBN 92-1-100293-1 ISSN 0082-8408 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ••••••••••••••••••• •• v CONTENTS ABBRE VI AT IONS ••••••••••••••••••• •• v1I SESS IONAL INFORMATiON. •••••••••••••• •• Ix INTRODUCTION ••••••••••••••••••• •• v CHECKLIST OF MEETINGS. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• xl ABBRE VI AT IONS ••••••••••••••••••• •• vII AGENDA •••••••••••••••••••••••• x l t t SESS IONAL INFORMATiON ••••••••••••••• •• Ix SW JECT I NOEX ••••••••••••••••••••• CHEO<L 1ST OF MEETINGS. •••••••••••••• •• xl INDEX TO SPEECHES ••••••••••••••••• •• 45 AGENDA •••••••••••••••••••••••• x, t I NUMER ICAL L 1ST OF OOCUMENTS •••••••••••• •• 81 SIB JEeT I NOEX ••••••••••••••••••••• RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE SECURITY COUNCIL, 1985 • •• 83 INDEX TO SPEECHES ••••••••••••••••• •• 45 VOT I NG CH,AR T OF RE50LUT IONS, 1985 ••••••••• ., 85 NUMER ICAL L 1ST OF OOaJMENTS •••••••••••• •• 81 RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE SEaJRITY COUNCIL, 1985 • •• 83 VOTING CHI'RT OF RESOLUT IONS, /985 •••••••••• , 85 -I"- -11 1- This page intentionally left blank INTRODUCT ION The security Council Is the United Nations The Voting Chart Indicates the voting for organ which has primary responsibility for the resolutions adopted by the Council. maintenance of InternationalINTRODUCTpeaceION and security of the Charter of th& United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • ~Ii~Ii B 2 C E D a 3 E * Pre-Election Assessment West Bank & Gaza
    Date Printed: 11/03/2008 JTS Box Number: lFES 5 Tab Number: 31 Document Title: Pre-Election Assessment West Bank & Gaza Document Date: 1994 Document Country: West Bank and Gaza IFES ID: R01671 1111 ~II ~II~II B 2 C E D A 3 E * PRE-ELECTION ASSESSMENT WEST BANK & GAZA KEITH KLEIN ADILA R. LAmI MAY 10,1994 This project was made possible by a grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development. Any person or organizations is welcome to quote information from this report if it is attributed to IFES. This report is also available in Arabic. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Barbara Boggs Peler Kelly leon J. Weil Directors Emer;ti Dame Eugenia Charles Maureen A. Kindel James M. Cannon Charles T. Manan Patricia Hular Randal C. Teague Chairman Secretary Frank J. Fahrenkopl Jr. Jean-Pierre Kingsley Counsel Richard M. Scammon Judy Fernald Peler McPherson David R. Jones Joseph Napolitan Richard W. Soudrielte Vice Chairman Treasurer Viclor. Kamber William A. Sweeney, Jr. President TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................ II. INTRODUCTION ...................................... 3 III. BACKGROUND...... .. 5 I I A. Historical Context .................................. 5 B. Actors Shaping Democratization. .. 7 I. The Palestinians . .. 7 2. The PLO .................................... 8 3. Israel. .. 10 4. Jordan 11 IV. POLITICAL MOVEMENTS ......................... ".' . .. 12 A. Fatah. .. 12 B. FIDA .......................................... 13 C. PFLP .......................................... 14 I D. DFLP. .. 14 J E. PPP . .. 15 F. Hamas. .. 15 II G. Other political panies . .. 16 I V. CIVIL SOCIETY. .. 18 II I I VI. ELECTION ISSUES . .. .. 21 I I I A. The DOP and Elections . .. 21 1. General Provisions of the DOP ..................... 21 I 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Camp David's Shadow
    Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2015 © 2015 Seth Anziska All rights reserved ABSTRACT Camp David’s Shadow: The United States, Israel, and the Palestinian Question, 1977-1993 Seth Anziska This dissertation examines the emergence of the 1978 Camp David Accords and the consequences for Israel, the Palestinians, and the wider Middle East. Utilizing archival sources and oral history interviews from across Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, the United States, and the United Kingdom, Camp David’s Shadow recasts the early history of the peace process. It explains how a comprehensive settlement to the Arab-Israeli conflict with provisions for a resolution of the Palestinian question gave way to the facilitation of bilateral peace between Egypt and Israel. As recently declassified sources reveal, the completion of the Camp David Accords—via intensive American efforts— actually enabled Israeli expansion across the Green Line, undermining the possibility of Palestinian sovereignty in the occupied territories. By examining how both the concept and diplomatic practice of autonomy were utilized to address the Palestinian question, and the implications of the subsequent Israeli and U.S. military intervention in Lebanon, the dissertation explains how and why the Camp David process and its aftermath adversely shaped the prospects of a negotiated settlement between Israelis and Palestinians in the 1990s. In linking the developments of the late 1970s and 1980s with the Madrid Conference and Oslo Accords in the decade that followed, the dissertation charts the role played by American, Middle Eastern, international, and domestic actors in curtailing the possibility of Palestinian self-determination.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gaza Strip and Jericho
    February 1995 Vol. 7, No. 2 THE GAZA STRIP AND JERICHO HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER PALESTINIAN PARTIAL SELF-RULE CONTENTS SUMMARY........................................................................................................................ 2 MAP.................................................................................................................................... 2 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................... 8 To the Palestinian Authority................................................................................... 8 To the Israeli Authorities........................................................................................ 8 To the Israeli and Palestinian Authorities ............................................................ 9 To Militants on All Sides ....................................................................................... 9 To the International Community ............................................................................ 9 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 10 THE INTERNATIONAL LAW FRAMEWORK............................................................. 11 THE LEGAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY ....................... 13 THE PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY'S VIOLATION OF RIGHTS IN THE SELF-RULE AREAS ................................................................................................................ 14 The Need to
    [Show full text]
  • Whither the Peace Process?
    POUCY FOCUS NEWSLETTER OF THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ISSUE NUMBER TWO W- APRIL 1986 Whither the Peace Process? The Local Leadership Option by Martin Indyk "No Palestinian moderates al- Some will argue that if only we now providing its Soviet ally with ample op- lowed." endorsed "self-determination" for the portunity for troublemaking in the That is the meaning of Yassir Ara- Palestinians, Arafat would be prepared Middle East heartland. fat's recent rejection of King Hussein's to meet our terms. But if that in fact terms for entering peace negotiations happened, we would have presided Option 2; The and the message behind the subse- over the resurrection of Arafat at King quent murder of Zafir al-Masri on the Hussein's expense; and, by bringing International Conference West Bank. Where does this leave the PLO into the process, we would Second, we could pursue that other U.S. efforts to advance the Middle have succeeded in forcing Israel out. illusion that always presents itself East peace process by involving Pales- We would in effect be placing our- when the peace process appears to tinians in negotiations with Jordan and selves at loggerheads with Israel and have reached a roadblock—the inter- Israel? Jordan, our partners in the peace pro- national conference. Some will argue cess. We would immediately have that an international conference which Option 1: Punish Hussein, achieved direct negotiations between brought the Syrians into the process the U.S. and the PLO but, in the pro- would obviate Hussein's need for the Resurrect Arafat cess, we would have destroyed the PLO.
    [Show full text]
  • Yale-UN Oral History Project Said Kamal Jean Krasno, Interviewer •1 .,'~ March 12, 1998 •
    ST/DPI ORAL HISTORY (02)/K15 Yale-UN Oral History Project Said Kamal Jean Krasno, Interviewer March 12, 1998 Cairo, Egypt NOTICE This is a transcript of a tape-recorded interview conducted for the United Nations. A draft of this transcript was edited by the interviewee but only minor emendations were made; therefore, the reader should remember that this is essentially a transcript of the spoken, rather than the written word. RESTRICTIONS This oral history transcript may be read, quoted from, cited, and reproduced for purposes of research. It may not be published in full except by permission of the United Nations, Dag Hammarskjöld Library. 1 1)~..1. Yale-UN Oral History Project Said Kamal Jean Krasno, Interviewer •1 .,'~ March 12, 1998 •. Cairo, Egypt Index: Middle East 1956 War 13 • 13, 16-18 1967 War Alexandria University 1 Arab League 2-4,9-10,16-17,21-24,26 • Ba'athist Paliy 1, 12 Central Council 6 Cold War 19 • Egyptian Delegation 3 .i Fatah Movement 12-13, 17-18,27,34 I General Union of Palestinian Students 1, 12 • Gulf War 32 j International United Students (ruS) 12 Iran-Iraq War 30-32 • " Islamic Conference 3 Jewish American Committee 32 Jewish Defense League (JDL) ; 32 • Non-Aligned Movement 3 .J Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) 2-3,6-7, 13-21,23-32,34 Palestinian National Council (PNC) 19 Refugees 8-9, 11,22-23 • Resolution 242 28, 32 Resolution 338 28,32 UN Emergency Force (UNEF) 16-17 • UN General Assembly 2,6, 19 UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) 26 World Jewish Organization 32 •I I I I I I I Yale-UN Oral History Said Kamal Jean Krasno, Interviewer March 12, 1998 Cairo, Egypt Jean Krasno: To begin, for the record, Ambassador Kamal, could you explain something about your background, where you were born and educated, and something about your diplomatic career? Said Kamal: Well, thank you very much, I will arrange for you a copy in English here, but I can tell you now that I was born in Nablus City, in the West Bank, in 1938, and I graduated from the School for the Young, Najah, which is now a university, Najah College.
    [Show full text]
  • An Elusive Opportunity | the Washington Institute
    MENU Policy Analysis / Articles & Op-Eds An Elusive Opportunity by Dennis Ross Apr 11, 2005 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dennis Ross Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute. Articles & Testimony ith upcoming visits by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas to W see President Bush, it is a good time to take stock of the Israeli-Palestinian situation. If my recent discussions in Jerusalem, Ramallah, and Gaza are any indication, the current trends are not encouraging. While Sharon and Abbas share a common desire for calm, they are operating on two different assumptions. Sharon believes there is little more he can do to ease freedom of movement for Palestinians absent Palestinian reorganization of their security forces and the disarming of some 500 fugitives from the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, Hamas, and Islamic Jihad -- fugitives who the Israelis believe are still planning attacks. Abbas, for his part, feels that he has produced calm and that now Israel must respond by lifting the checkpoints that bottle up Palestinians and their economy. To complicate matters, both leaders are contending with fractious domestic settings. Sharon must overcome opposition from his own Likud party and its traditional settler constituency to implement his plan to withdraw settlers from Gaza and parts of the West Bank. In such circumstances, his tolerance for acts of terror against Israelis and his inclination toward making further concessions to help Abbas are low. But Abbas's situation is also difficult. He has inherited a largely inept, corrupt Palestinian Authority.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Conflict Back to Basics*
    Building the Positive Peace: The Urgent Need to Bring the Israeli- Palestinian Conflict Back to Basics* Kobi Michael and Joel Fishman It is generally accepted that the peace process, launched in 1993, went off the tracks and failed to meet the expectations of the interested parties: the state of Israel, the Palestinian Authority, and the international community. The international discourse plays down the historical depth of the dispute and everything which pertains directly to the Jewish religious, national, and cultural heri- tage that dates back more than three millennia in the Land of Israel. Also absent from the international discourse is an awareness of the rich academic and theoretical foundation of knowledge with regard to peacemaking. Concepts such as the positive peace, reconciliation, “ripeness,” “stable peace”or“hurting mutual stalemate” have not been integrated into the discourse. The condition of positive peace can be created when social justice mitigates struc- tural land cultural violence. Cultural violence occurs when the political leadership of a movement or state incorporates continuous incitement to hatred and violence into a society’s public discourse. In contrast to negative peace, positive peace is not limited to the idea of getting rid of something but includes the idea of establishing something that is missing and changing the societal and political structure. A valid discussion of reviving the peace negotiations should adopt the goal of creating the positive peace and taking the necessary intermediate steps for its imple- mentation. Otherwise, the presence of structural violence will occasion more physical violence, and cultural violence will provide both the justification and psychological infrastructure for its continued application.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatah Congress: a Victory for Abbas | the Washington Institute
    MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 1568 Fatah Congress: A Victory for Abbas by Mohammad Yaghi Aug 13, 2009 ABOUT THE AUTHORS Mohammad Yaghi Mohammad Yaghi is a research fellow and program manager at the Konrad Adenauer Foundation, specializing in social and Islamic movements and the Gulf states. Brief Analysis olicyWatch #1568 is the first in a two-part series examining the political and organizational implications of P Fatah's recently concluded General Congress. This part examines Fatah's internal dynamics, particularly in regard to its top leader Mahmoud Abbas. PolicyWatch #1569 explores Fatah's external dynamics, specifically how the group's new political program will affect its relations with Israel, Hamas, and the Palestinian Authority. On August 10, Fatah concluded its sixth congress, the first in twenty years. Although media attention has focused on some of the summit's disturbing pronouncements, significant political developments have occurred. Over the span of seven days, Fatah leaders discussed the key issues and challenges facing the party, including organizational and political issues affecting its unity, the role of its power centers, the peace process, and the group's relationship with Hamas and the Palestinian government. Whether Fatah is now able to overcome its organizational deficits and restore its popularity and leadership among the Palestinian people remains to be seen. But Palestinian Authority (PA) president Mahmoud Abbas has undoubtedly emerged stronger, competing powers within Fatah seem to have accepted coexistence, and the conflict between Fatah and Hamas is expected to escalate. Background The General Congress is the highest institution in Fatah, laying out the party's political platform and electing the Fatah Central Committee (FCC), the organization's highest elected institution comprising its top leadership, and the Fatah Revolutionary Council (FRC), a 128-member body that ensures the FCC's activities are in accordance with congressional decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatah Congress: a Victory for Abbas
    PolicyWatch #1568 Fatah Congress: A Victory for Abbas By Mohammad Yaghi August 13, 2009 PolicyWatch #1568 is the first in a two-part series examining the political and organizational implications of Fatah's recently concluded General Congress. This part examines Fatah's internal dynamics, particularly in regard to its top leader Mahmoud Abbas. PolicyWatch #1569 explores Fatah's external dynamics, specifically how the group's new political program will affect its relations with Israel, Hamas, and the Palestinian Authority. On August 10, Fatah concluded its sixth congress, the first in twenty years. Although media attention has focused on some of the summit's disturbing pronouncements, significant political developments have occurred. Over the span of seven days, Fatah leaders discussed the key issues and challenges facing the party, including organizational and political issues affecting its unity, the role of its power centers, the peace process, and the group's relationship with Hamas and the Palestinian government. Whether Fatah is now able to overcome its organizational deficits and restore its popularity and leadership among the Palestinian people remains to be seen. But Palestinian Authority (PA) president Mahmoud Abbas has undoubtedly emerged stronger, competing powers within Fatah seem to have accepted coexistence, and the conflict between Fatah and Hamas is expected to escalate. Background The General Congress is the highest institution in Fatah, laying out the party's political platform and electing the Fatah Central Committee (FCC), the organization's highest elected institution comprising its top leadership, and the Fatah Revolutionary Council (FRC), a 128-member body that ensures the FCC's activities are in accordance with congressional decisions.
    [Show full text]