University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Cooperative Extension Service Index Kentucky Master Gardener Manual
Note: Kentucky Extension booklet ID-128, Home Vegetable Gardening in Kentucky, serves as chapter 22 of the Master Gardener Manual. Topics covered in chapter 22 (ID-128) are currently NOT included in this index.
2,4-D: 141, 297, 298 apical dominance: 162 beer defined: 2 as slug bait: 134 abscisic acid: 29 apple: 232 bees abscission: 24 anthracnose: 231 and pesticides: 137 growth-affecting compounds: 29 bitter pit: 236 and pollination: 135 acephate: 141 container growing: 232 disease resistance: 231 beetles: 205, 206 adelgids fertilizing: 172 controlling with parasitic nematodes: controlling with horticultural oil: 140 insects and diseases: 240, 241 138 pollination: 235 hand picking: 131 adhesive sticky barriers: 133 for pest traps: 133, 134 powdery mildew: 231 pruning: 7, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 242 begonia adventitious bud: 10 rootstock: 232 in pots: 201 scab: 231, 241 African daisy: 182 spacing: 236 beneficial insects: 205 African violet: 199, 201 thinning: 237, 238 attracting: 137 tree height: 232 parasitoids: 135, 137, 138 ageratum: 182 varieties: 232 pollinators: 135 vigor ratings: 232 predators: 135, 137, 138 aggregate fruit: 16 releasing: 138 alar: 29 apricot insects and diseases: 240, 241 biennials alfalfa pruning: 242 defined: 2 as insect-attracting plant: 137 varieties: 234 big-eyed bugs: 136 allelopathy: 28 arctotis: 182 plants to attract: 137 in weeds: 293 asexual propagation bindweed, field alyssum cuttings: 7, 8 illustrated: 291 as insect-attracting plant: 137 stolons: 7 birds amaranthus: 182 asparagus beetles as pest control: 135, 139 hand picking: 131 ammonium: 26, 59 bishop’s weed aster: 182 as insect-attracting plant: 137 angelica as insect-attracting plant: 137 auxin: 29 bittercress, little illustrated: 290 anise axil as insect-attracting plant: 137 defined: 2 bitter pit on apple and pear: 236 annual bluegrass (weed): 28 axillary bud: 10 black spot annuals, defined: 1 azadirachtin: 140 fungicide for: 140 anther: 14 bachelor button: 182 on rose: 133 defined: 2 bacillus thuringiensis: 138 blazing star ants as insect-attracting plant: 137 sticky barriers: 133 baits for slugs: 134 blight aphids: 130, 206 pruning out: 163 balsam: 182 controlling with Beauveria bassiana: 139 bluegrass (weed): 28 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 barriers, insect: 132 controlling with row covers: 132 blue lace controlling with soap: 139 basil as insect-attracting plant: 137 ornamental: 182 controlling with sulfur: 140 bolting: 2, 23 on houseplants: 203 bats on tree fruits: 241 as pest control: 135, 139 boron predators of: 136 excess, deficiency: 27 spraying with water: 132 beauveria bassiana: 139 for tree fruits: 237
Cooperative Extension Service | Agriculture and Natural Resources | Family and Consumer Sciences | 4-H Youth Development | Community and Economic Development 320 • Master Gardener Manual Index
botanical insecticide: 140 carrot, wild cockscomb: 182 as insect-attracting plant: 137 brachonids: 136 codling moths: 240, 241 castor bean: 182 on apple: 238 bract: 11 trapping: 134 caterpillars: 204, 206 broadleaf weeds: 298, 299 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 coleus: 182 controlling with soap: 139 broccoli collars: 132 as insect-attracting plant: 137 hand picking: 131 sticky barriers: 133 Colorado potato beetles browallia: 182 centipedes: 135, 205 controlling with B.t.: 138 brown rot predators of: 136 on tree fruits: 241 cephalaria as insect-attracting plant: 137 companion planting: 131 buckwheat complete flower: 14 as insect-attracting plant: 137 chalcids: 136 chamomile compost buds making: 156 adventitious: 9 as insect-attracting plant: 137 as food: 10 cherry compound leaf: 12 cold damage: 9 pollination: 235 defined and types: ,9 10 conifers pruning: 7, 174 needle problems: 85, 86 dormancy: 9 rootstock: 234 bug zappers: 135 varieties: 234 conserving water: 157 bulbs chervil container gardening bloom color: 184 as insect-attracting plant: 137 plant roots: 5 bloom season: 184 chickweed containers defined and types: ,7 8 illustrated: 291 for houseplants: 197, 200 removing foliage: 8 chlorine copper bumblebees: 135 excess, deficiency: 27 excess, deficiency: 27 cabbage, flowering: 182 injury to houseplants: 198 fungicide: 140 cabbage worms, loopers chlorophyll: 18 copper barriers controlling with B.t.: 138 defined: 2 for slugs and snails: 133 controlling with row covers: 132 chloroplast: 11, 18 coreopsis predators of: 136 defined: 2 as insect-attracting plant: 137 cacti chlorothalonil: 141 coriander potting soil: 201 as insect-attracting plant: 137 watering: 197 chlorpyrifos: 141 corms cages, for plants: 132 Christmas cactus defined and types: 8 forcing bloom: 23 calcium corn earworms excess, deficiency: 26 chrysanthemum: 182 predators of: 136 forcing bloom: 23 calendula: 182 staking: 189 cornflower: 182 calyx: 14 cilantro corolla: 14 cambium: 2, 6 as insect-attracting plant: 137 cortex candytuft: 182 cineraria: 182 defined: 2 as insect-attracting plant: 137 clarkia: 182 cosmos: 182 as insect-attracting plant: 137 cane borers classification pruning out: 132 plants: 14 cotyledon: 11, 17 defined: 2 cankers clay: 53 pruning out: 132, 163 cover crops cleanup (sanitation): 158 captan: 141 as weed control: 296 climate benefits: 156 caraway landscaping considerations: 247, 249, crabgrass: 299 as insect-attracting plant: 137 251, 252 crocus: 184 carbaryl: 141 clover carbon dioxide: 20 as insect-attracting plant: 137 Index Master Gardener Manual • 321
crop rotation dipsacus fennel as disease control: 131, 158 as insect-attracting plant: 137 as insect-attracting plant: 137 as weed control: 293 disease ferns: 197 cross-pollination: 15 control: 140, 158, 159, 158, 163 cultural methods of control: 129, 130, fertilization (pollen and egg): 15 crotch angle: 162, 168, 169 131 fertilizer crown rot fungi: 166 leaching: 155 on tree fruits: 237 integrated pest management: 128, 129, runoff: 153 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, cucumber beetles 139, 140, 141 fertilizing: 130 controlling with row covers: 132 monitoring: 128 apple: 172 on houseplants: 203 foliar feeding: 27 cultivar houseplants: 198, 199 defined: 33 on tree fruits: 237, 240, 241 pruning out: 132 lawns: 299 cultural methods of pest control: 129, tree fruits: 236, 237 130, 131 dolomitic lime: 26 trees and shrubs: 156 cuticle dormancy fibrous roots: 5 defined: 2 buds: 9 seeds: 17 fiddleneck leaf: 11 as insect-attracting plant: 137 cuttings (propagation) dormant oil: 140 tree fruit pest control: 241 field bindweed stem: 8 illustrated: 291 cutworms: 130 drainage: 155 for houseplants: 202 flea beetles: 130, 205 controlling with collars: 132 controlling with row covers: 132 controlling with parasitic nematodes: drip irrigation: 295, 300 138 flower garden predators of: 136 dripline: 5 weed control: 295, 300 cyclamen mites: 204 dusty miller: 182 flowering effect of light: 22, 23 cyme: 15 earwigs: 130 trapping: 134 effect of temperature: 23 cytokinin: 29 ecolawns: 295, 299 flowering trees and shrubs dahlia pruning: 163 economic threshold: 240 staking: 189 fluazifop: 299 damping-off: 201 elm leaf beetles controlling with B.t.: 138 fluoride damsel bugs: 135 and houseplants: 198, 199 embryo: 16 day-neutral plant: 22, 23 foliar fertilization: 27 endosperm: 16 decks: 249 forcing bloom epidermis Christmas cactus: 23 deer: 236 defined: 2 chrysanthemum: 23 leaf: 10 delphinium forget-me-not: 182 staking: 189 root: 4 form desiccation: 24 epsom salts as source of magnesium: 26 defined: 32 diatomaceous earth: 133 erosion: 153, 155, 156 form, plant: 253 diazinon: 141 espalier: 167, 168 four o’clock: 182 dicamba: 298 ethylene: 29 frogs dichlobenil: 141, 297, 300 as pest control: 135 etiolation: 6 dicot front yard defined: ,1 2, 6 European craneflies landscaping: 249 controlling with parasitic nematodes: leaf venation: 11, 14 frost: 252 weeds: 289 138 frost damage dill family defined: 32 buds: 9 as insect-attracting plant: 137 woody plants: 24 dioecious: 15 feeder roots: 5 322 • Master Gardener Manual Index
fruit guard cell: 11 horticultural oil storing: 238 defined: 2 on tree fruits: 241 structure: 15 pests controlled: 140 types: 15, 16 hand picking insects: 131 types: 140 fuchsia hardiness: 24 houseplants in pots: 201 hardiness zones: 251 chlorine injury: 198 containers: 197, 200 fungi heading cuts: 165 disease: 203 pruning wounds: 166 hedges drainage: 202 fungicides pruning: 176, 177 fertilizing: 198, 199 inorganic: 140 rejuvenating: 177 fluoride: 199 tools for pruning: 177 humidity: 199 fungus gnats light: 199 controlling with B.t.: 138 heliotrope: 182 natural gas: 199 gaillardia: 182 pesticides: 207 herbaceous ornamentals: 182 pests: 199, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207 genus annuals: 182 control: 206, 207 defined: 32 bloom season: 184 prevention: 206 defined: 2 potting: 198, 202 geotropism: 29 flowers: 184 potting soil: 197, 198, 200, 201, 206 height and color: 182, 184 preferred environment: 195 geranium in containers: 201 in pots: 201 problems: 199, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, perennials: 184 207 germination: 17, 18 pollination: 15 propagation: 200, 202 temperature requirement: 23 selecting: 184 soluble salts: 198, 199 selecting plants: 182, 184 gibberellic acid: 29 temperature: 196, 199 staking: 189 watering: 197, 198, 199, 202 gloxinia: 199, 201 structure: 14 types: 14, 15 hover flies: 136 glyphosate: 141, 297, 298, 300 weed control: 295, 300 plants to attract: 137 gnats: 204 herbicides: 141 humidity absorption by plants: 297, 298 and houseplants: 199 golden marguerite contact (nonsystemic): 297 effect on plant processes: 25 as insect-attracting plant: 137 drift: 297 foliar-active: 297 hybrid goldenrod defined: 32 as insect-attracting plant: 137 interaction with temperature: 297 labels: 296 hymenoptera parasites: 136 gomphrena: 182 nonselective: 296 hypocotyl: 17 grading: 246 postemergent: 297 preemergent: 297 ichneumonids: 136 grape ivy: 203 runoff: 297 selective: 296 identification grasshoppers soil-active: 297 insects: 128 predators of: 136 systemic: 297 impatiens: 182 grass weeds types: 296, 297, 298, 299 control: 299 weed-and-feed: 299 incomplete flower: 14 greenhouse home security indoleacetic acid: 29 integrated pest management: 138 landscaping for: 249, 258 replenishing carbon dioxide: 20 inflorescence honeybees: 135 types: 15 green lacewings: 136 and pesticides: 137 insectary plants: 137 plants to attract: 137 honeydew releasing: 138 aphids: 203 insecticidal soap: 139, 207 groundcovers hormone, plant: 29, 30 insecticides: 141 as weed control: 295 pruning: 179 hornworms uses: 254 predators of: 136 growth regulators: 29, 30 horsetail: 293 grubs: 206 Index Master Gardener Manual • 323
insects landscaping light barriers: 132 and home security: 249, 258 effect on flowering: ,22 23 beneficial: 135, 137, 138, 205 children’s play area: 249 effect on growth: ,6 20, 22, 23 cultural methods of control: 129, 130, climate considerations: 247, 249, 251, for houseplants: 199 131 252 increasing: 22 hand picking: 131 decks and patios: 249 photoperiod: 22, 23 identification: 128 drawing a plan: 255, 257, 258 phototropism: 29 integrated pest management: 128, 129, front yard: 249 wavelength: 22 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, maintenance considerations: 248 139, 140, 141 microclimates: 246, 252 lights management: 158, 159 natural features: 246 for growing plants: 22 monitoring: 128 parts of a landscape: 248, 249, 250 light traps: 135 on houseplants: 203, 204, 205, 206 planning: 246, 247, 249 on tree fruits: 240, 241 planting key: 258 lily pruning out: 132 plant selection: 251, 252, 253, 254 staking: 189 spraying with water: 132 privacy: 249 winter rest requirement: 24 private use area: 248, 249 limb orientation: 169 integrated pest management: 158, 159 public area: 250 biological methods: 135, 137, 138, 139 renovation: 258 limb spreading: 168, 170 beneficial insects: 137 service and work areas: 250 chemical methods: 139, 140, 141 site analysis: 246, 251 lime, dolomitic: 26 cultural methods: 129, 130, 131 soil considerations: 252 linnaeus: 14 defined: 127 sun and shade: 247, 253, 258 evaluating results: 129 sustainability: 154, 245, 259 lobelia: 182 for tree fruits: 240 symbols: 256, 257 long-day plant: 22, 23 monitoring: 128 use areas: 256, 258 physical methods: 131, 133, 135 year-round interest: 249, 253 lovage tolerance level: 129 as insect-attracting plant: 137 larkspur: 182 internode: 6 low maintenance defined: 2 lateral roots: 5 landscapes: 248 interplanting: 131 lawns lupine: 182 blends: 295, 299 iron European craneflies: 138 lygus bugs: 130 excess, deficiency: 27 fertilizing: 299 predators of: 136 moss: 299 ivy macronutrients: 25, 26, 27 houseplant: 197, 201 mowing: 156, 299 renovation: 299 magnesium Johnsongrass: 7 watering: 157 excess, deficiency: 26 key weeds: 28, 295, 298, 299 sources of: 26 planting map: 258 leaching: 155 maintenance labeling nitrogen: 154, 155 landscape: 248 pesticides: 153 pesticides: 139 malathion: 141 lacebugs leafhoppers: 130, 205 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 manganese controlling with horticultural oil: 140 excess, deficiency: 27 spraying with water: 132 controlling with soap: 139 predators of: 136 map lacewings: 136 leafminers: 204, 206 drawing for landscape: 255, 257, 258 plants to attract: 137 hardiness zones: 251 releasing: 138 controlling with row covers: 132 hand picking: 131 marigold: 182 lady beetles: 136 as insect-attracting plant: 137 plants to attract: 137 leaftiers releasing: 138 predators of: 136 mealybugs: 204, 206 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 landscape fabric: 295, 300 leaves arrangement: 13 spraying with water: 132 as food: 13 media dropping in fall: 24 for cacti and succulents: 201 function and structure: 10 types: 11, 13 meristem: 3, 4 venation: 11 defined: 2 mesophyll: 11, 18 defined: 2 324 • Master Gardener Manual Index
metal barriers needle-leaf evergreens perfect flower: 14 for slugs and snails: 133 diagnosing problems: 85, 86 pesticide metaldehyde: 141 neem extract: 140 and bees: 137 botanical insecticides: 140 Mexican sunflower nematodes for houseplants: 207 as insect-attracting plant: 137 beneficial parasites: 138 labels: 139 microclimate: 246, 252 nicotine sulfate: 140 leaching: 153 plant damage: 207 micronutrients: 26, 27 nitrate: 26, 59 runoff: 297 leaching: 154, 156 millipedes: 205 toxicity: 139 nitrogen minute pirate bugs: 136 petiole: 10 excess: 26 defined: 2 plants to attract: 137 leaching: 154, 156 pH mites: 204 nitrogen cycle: 59, 154 on tree fruits: 241 for azalea and rhododendron: 130 spraying with water: 132 node: 6 for blueberry: 130 defined: 2 moles pheromone trap: 134, 240 as pest control: 135 nonpoint source pollution: 153 philodendron: 201 molluscicides: 141 nontunicate bulb: 8 phloem: 6, 11 molybdenum nutrients defined: 2 excess, deficiency: 27 absorption: 27 phosphate: 26 macronutrients: 25, 26, 27 monitoring pests: 128 micronutrients: 25, 26, 27 phosphorus monocot primary: 25, 26, 27 excess, deficiency: 26 defined: ,1 2, 6 secondary: 25, 26, 27 photoperiod leaf venation: 11, 14 signs of excess and deficiency: 26 effect on flowering: ,22 23 weeds: 289 oil, horticultural photosynthate: 18 monoecious: 15 on tree fruits: 241 defined: 2 morningglory (weed) orchard mason bees: 135 photosynthesis: 18, 20, 21 illustrated: 291 organic matter defined: 2 mosquitoes benefits: 130, 156 effect of temperature: 24 controlling with B.t.: 138 oryzalin: 298, 300 phototropism: 29 moss ovary: 14 pillbugs in lawns: 299 defined: 2 trapping: 134 mowing: 156, 299 parasitic nematodes: 138 pincusion flower as insect-attracting plant: 137 mulch pasteurizing soil: 201 for disease control: 133 pistil: 14 for weed control: 294, 300 patios: 249 defined: 2 plastic: 294 types: 294 peach planning diseases: 173 landscapes: 246, 247, 249 multiple fruit: 16 pruning: , 173 rootstock: 235 plant collars: 132 mustard thinning: 237, 238 plant hardiness zones: 251 as insect-attracting plant: 137 varieties: 234 mycorrhizae: 4 winter rest requirement: 24 plant hormones: 29, 30 naphthalene acetic acid: 29 peach leaf curl: 241 plant selection: 155, 251, 252, 253, 254 aesthetic considerations: 253 narcissus pear insect- and disease-resistance: 251 forcing bloom: 24 insects and diseases: 240, 241 plant form: 253 pollination: 235 natural gas plant size: 253 pruning: 7, 172, 242 plant texture: 254 and houseplants: 199 rootstock: 235 nectarine thinning: 237, 238 insects and diseases: , 241, 173 varieties: 234 pruning: , 173 peony varieties: 234 staking: 189 Index Master Gardener Manual • 325
plastic mulch: 294 pruning relative humidity: 25 angle of cuts: 165 play areas: 249 apical dominance: 162 renovation apple: 7, 170, 171, 172, 168, 169 landscape: 258 plum lawn: 299 pruning: , 242, 174 apricot: 242 rootstock: 235 at transplanting: 161 resistance: 129 branch collar: 166 poinsettia cherry: , 174 respiration: 21 forcing bloom: 23 crotch angle: 162, 168, 169 defined: 2 effect of temperature: 24 point source pollution: 153 diseased branches: 163 first growing season: 161 rhizome pole pruners: 164 flowering trees and shrubs: 163 defined and types: 7 for insect and disease control: 132 pollination: 15 groundcovers: 179 root maggots in tree fruits: 235 heading cuts: 165 controlling with collars: 133 pollinators: 135 hedges: 176, 177 controlling with row covers: 132 limb spreading: 168, 170 poppy maintaining plant health: 163 roots California: 182 nectarine: , 173 as food: 5 nut trees: 242 feeder: 5 potassium growth and development: 5 excess, deficiency: 26 painting wounds: 166 peach: , 173 pruning: 166, 167 potato pear: 7, 172, 242 structure: 4 seed pieces: 7 plum: , 242, 174 trimming when repotting: 202 preventing water sprouts: 168 types: 5 potting houseplants: 198, 202 prune trees: 174 winter injury: 24 potting soil purposes: 161 rootstock: 231, 232 for cacti and succulents: 201 quince: 242 apple: 232 for houseplants: 197, 198, 200, 206 restricting growth: 163 cherry: 234 sterilizing: 201 roots: 166, 167 peach: 235 rose: 177, 178 pear: 235 powdery mildew selecting scaffolds: 162, 169, 170 plum: 235 fungicide for: 140 shade trees: 162, 168 shrubs: 175 root weevils praying mantids: 135 controlling with parasitic nematodes: releasing: 138 sterilizing tools: 163 terminology: 162 138 primary nutrients: 25, 26, 27 thick, heavy branches: 166 sticky barriers: 133 thinning cuts: 165, 170 primary roots: 5 rose to improve production: 163 black spot: 133 private use area: 248, 249 tools: 163, 164, 177 borers: 132 training plants: 161 pruning: 177, 178 propagation tree fruits: , 172, 173, 174, 175, 168, 169, asexual: 7, 8 170, 171 rotating crops houseplants: 200, 202 twigs and small branches: 165 for disease control: 131, 158 prune trees vines: 179 for weed control: 293 pruning: 174 walnut: 242 where to cut: 6, 7 rotenone: 140 public area rototilling landscaping: 250 for pest control: 133 quince row covers pruning: 242 for pest control: 132 raceme: 15 rubber plant: 201 radicle: 17 runoff: 153, 154, 155, 156 herbicides: 297 rain: 252 salt, soluble: 198, 199 raspberry borers: 132 sand: 53 326 • Master Gardener Manual Index
sanitation: 130 simple leaf: 12 spittlebugs garden cleanup: 158 controlling with soap: 139 sterilizing tools: 130, 163 site analysis hand picking: 131 landscape: 246, 251 spraying with water: 132 saws: 164 slope springtails: 205 scab landscaping: 246 fungicide for: 140 spur, defined and illustrated: 7 on apple: 231 slugs: 158, 205, 206 copper barriers: 133 squash scabiosa diatomaceous earth: 133 ripening: 23 as insect-attracting plant: 137 eliminating hiding places: 130 hand picking: 131 staking flowers: 189 scaffold: 162, 169, 170 trapping: 134 stamen: 14 scale insects: 203, 206 snails: 205 defined: 2 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 copper barriers: 133 hand picking: 131 stems diatomaceous earth: 133 as food: 9 on tree fruits: 241 eliminating hiding places: 130 predators of: 136 internodes: 6 hand picking: 131 nodes: 6 scales snakeflies: 135 structure: 6 controlling with soap: 139 terminology: 6 snakes types: 7, 8 scarification: 17 as pest control: 135 sterilizing secondary nutrient: 25, 26, 27 soap, insecticidal: 139, 207 soil: 200, 201 tools: 130, 163 secondary root: 5 soil security, home clay: 53 sticky barriers and traps: 133 landscaping for: 249, 258 drainage: 155 erosion: 153, 155, 157 sticky traps: 134 seed coat: 16, 17 nitrogen cycle: 59, 154 stigma: 14 seed leaf: 11, 17 organic matter: 156 defined: 2 pasteurizing: 200 seeds sand: 53 stolon breaking dormancy: 17 sterilizing: 201 defined and examples: 7 germination: 17, 18 stoma: 11, 25 parts: 16 soil moisture production and development: 15 testing: 237 stoma, stomates, stomata scarification: 17 soil testing: 155 defined: 2 starting: 18 stratification: 18 solitary bees: 135 stratification: 18 viability: 18 soluble salts: 198, 199 strawberry propagation: 7 sepal: 14 sooty mold: 203 service areas style: 14 sowbugs defined: 2 landscaping: 250 trapping: 134 succession: 28 sessile leaf: 10 species shade pattern: 28, 247, 253, 258 defined: 32 succulents potting soil: 201 shade trees specific epithet watering: 197 pruning: 162, 168 defined: 32 sulfur shears: 163, 164 spider mites: 204 excess, deficiency: 26 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 fungicide: 140 short-day plant: 22, 23 controlling with soap: 139 summer annual, defined: 1 Siberian squill: 184 in greenhouses: 138 predators of: 136 summer oil: 140 signal words: 139 vacuuming: 133 sunflower silt: 53 spider plant as insect-attracting plant: 137 propagation: 7 simple fruit: 15 sunflower, Mexican spiders: 135 as insect-attracting plant: 137 Index Master Gardener Manual • 327
sunlight transplanting variety effect on flowering: ,22 23 annuals: 295 defined: 32 exposure: 253 pruning shrubs and trees: 161 moving plants to: 11 selecting plants: 130 vascular system: 4, 6, 11 sunscald: 11 trapping vascular tissue on tree fruits: 236 codling moths: 134 defined: 2 insects: 133, 135 vegetable garden sustainability slugs: 134 in landscapes: 245, 259 weed control: 295, 300 tree fruits tachinids: 136 vegetables anthracnose: 241 growing in containers: 201 plants to attract: 137 aphids: 241 tansy boron: 237 venation, leaves: 11 as insect-attracting plant: 137 brown-rot blossom blight: 241 vetch canker diseases: 241 as insect-attracting plant: 137 taproot: 5 cankers: 132 temperature crotch angle: 161, 168, 169, 170 vines effect on flowering: 23 crown rot: 237 pruning: 179 effect on germination and growth: 23, 24 dead bud disease: 241 types: 9 effect on herbicides: 297 deer: 236 espalier: 167 violet effect on plant growth: 20 African: 201, 202 for houseplants: 196, 199 fertilizing: 236, 237 harvest: 238 walnut tent caterpillars insects and diseases: 240, 241 allelopathy: 28 pruning out: 132 integrated pest management: 240 pruning: 242 mites: 241 terminal bud: 10 planting: 236, 237 wasps thermoperiod: 24 powdery mildew: 241 beneficial: 135, 138 pruning: 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, plants to attract: 137 thinning 174, 175, 242 tree fruits: 237, 238 water scab: 241 conserving: 157 thinning cuts: 165 scale insects: 241 role in plant growth: 25 spacing: 236 thrips: 130, 205 sticky barriers: 133 watering: 130 controlling with Beauveria bassiana: 139 storing: 238 as weed control: 295 controlling with soap: 139 sunscald: 236 cacti and succulents: 197 controlling with sulfur: 140 thinning crops: 237 drip irrigation: 295 in greenhouses: 138 watering: 237 houseplants: 197, 198, 199, 202 lawns: 157 tillage trees testing soil moisture: 237 effect on weeds: 294 crotch angle: 162, 168, 169 tree fruits: 237 for pest control: 133 forms: 253 trees and shrubs: 157 limb orientation: 169 toads limb spreading: 168, 170 water sprout: 168 as pest control: 135 scaffolds: 162 webworms tolerance: 129 transplanting: 166 watering: 157 pruning out: 132 tools weed-and-feed: 299 maintenance: 164 trifluralin: 298, 300 pruning: 163, 164, 177 triforine: 141 sterilizing: 130, 163 tunicate bulb: 8 tortrix moths predators of: 136 turgor: 25 defined: 2 totipotency: 3 tussock moths training predators of: 136 fruit trees: 161, 168, 169, 170, 174 ultrafine oil: 140 transpiration: 21, 25 defined: 2 USDA plant hardiness zones: 251 vacuuming for pest control: 133 328 • Master Gardener Manual Index
weeds whiteflies: 203 woody landscapes allelopathy: 293 controlling with horticultural oil: 140 weed control: 295, 300 and insect pests: 130 controlling with row covers: 132 annuals: 290 controlling with soap: 139 woody plants biennials: 291 in greenhouses: 138 cankers: 132 broadleaves: 298, 299 vacuuming: 133 fertilizing: 156 competition with garden plants: 292, 293 forms: 253 control: 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, white lace flower hardiness: 24 300 as insect-attracting plant: 137 planting: 175 crabgrass: 299 pruning: 164, 175 wild carrot sticky barriers: 133 effect on vegetable yields: 292 as insect-attracting plant: 137 grass weeds: 28, 299 watering: 157 identification: 288, 289, 290 wildflowers: 28 weed control: 295 in annual gardens: 295, 300 wildlife work areas in lawns: 295, 298, 299 attracting: 139 landscaping: 250 in vegetable gardens: 295, 300 in woody landscape plantings: 295, 300 wildlife, attracting: 249 xylem: 6, 11 life cycle: 289, 290, 291 defined: 2 managing: 293, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300 wind effect on plants: 25 yarrow methods of spread: 288 as insect-attracting plant: 137 non-native: 288 herbicide drift: 297 noxious: 288 winter zinc origins of: 288 hardiness: 24 excess, deficiency: 27 perennials: 291 plants for interest: 249, 253 prevention: 293 zone of elongation, root: 4 reasons for: 288 winter annual, defined: 1 zone of maturation, root: 4 seeds: 292, 293 winter injury on buds: 9 on woody plants: 24