An English - Cornish Glossary in the

by

Albert Bock, Benjamin Bruch, Neil Kennedy, Daniel Prohaska, and Laurence Rule

Version: 14/08/2010

This glossary may be subject to further additions and corrections by the CLP's Dictionary Editorial Board and Corpus Working Group.

The editors would like to thank Philip Chadwick, Michael Everson, Pol Hodge, Julyan Holmes, Rod Lyon, and Polin Prys for their invaluable contribution.

1 List of abbreviations

abbr, abbreviation adj, adjective adv, adverb adv phr, adverbial phrase art, article card, cardinal coll, collective (singulatives are not specifically marked) cmp, comparative adjective conj, conjunction dl, dual f, feminine int, interjection m, masculine m & f, gender uncertain or both used n, noun n phr, noun phrase name, personal name neut, the neuter noun tra (treated as a special case of fem. in grammars) num, number ord, ordinal phr, phrase pl, plural prf, prefix prn, pronoun (including possessive adjectives) prp, preposition prp prn, prepositional pronoun RLC, Revived Late Cornish RMC, Revived Middle Cornish sup, superlative adjective top, toponym vb, verb vb phr, verbal phrase

Scope of this glossary This document is not meant to be a replacement for a full English-Cornish dictionary. Even though it has been considerably enlarged so as to accommodate the needs of teachers and advanced learners, it was originally only aimed at beginners. It is therefore limited in scope. A full SWF dictionary – which is to include references to spellings in other orthographies - is currently being produced by MAGA. Until this project is finished, you will want to make use of existing dictionaries (see under ‘sources’ below). Alternatively, or if you are unsure about the SWF spelling of a word, please contact MAGA at http://www.magakernow.org.uk.

Searching the glossary electronically In Acrobat Reader and most other PDF readers, words and phrases can be searched by pressing Ctrl+F. If you are looking for the English translation of a specific Cornish word, this feature enables you to use the glossary in reverse. Bear in mind, however, that irregular stress is marked by a dot, so that e.g. the Cornish word for ‘too’ is spelt ynwe‧dh, which is the form you will want to search for. Alternatively, the text search also works for parts of words, so that pressing Ctrl+F and entering ynwe will do the job without forcing you to enter a dot.

2 Notes on pronunciation and orthographic variants

The first public version of the glossary contained detailed explanations on pronunciation and orthographic variants. It was felt, however, that this front matter might be off-putting to beginners. It has therefore been replaced with the current, more practically orientated notes. The original front matter is still available as a separate download from the MAGA website for all those who are interested in more detailed explanations of linguistic and orthographic technicalities. In the near future, these will be complemented by a list of sample words and MP3 files demonstrating their pronunciation. All supplementary files are available at http://www.magakernow.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=48865.

Sources

Gendall, Richard. A Practical Cornish Dictionary. 2007. George, Ken. Gerlyver . An Gerlyver Meur. Board, 2009. ————. Gerlyvrik. Cornish Language Board/Yoran Embanner, 2005. Kennedy, Neil P. Gerlever Sowsnak-Kernûak. Cussel an Tavaz Kernûak, 2006. Nance, R. Morton. Gerlyver Noweth Kernewek-Sawsnek ha Sawsnek-Kernewek. Dyllansow Truran, reprinted 1990. Sandercock, Graham. Cornish This Way: Holywegh an Lergh. Cornish Language Board, 3rd ed. 2004. Williams, Nicholas. Clappya Kernowek: Introduction to Revised. 1997. ------Gerlyver Kernowek-Sawsnek, 2nd ed. Agan Tavas/Evertype, 2006.

3 A, a afflicted, adj, (tortured) tormentys; (plagued) plegys. again, adv, arta; please repeat it, phr, arta mar pleg. ability, n, gallos (m). against, prp, (spatial) orth; the chair is against the able, adj, abel; to be able, vb phr, gallos. wall, phr, yma’n gador orth an fos; (opposition) abbreviate, vb, berrhe‧. erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); warby‧nn; warby‧dn (RLC); abbreviation, n, berrheans (m), berrheansow (pl). against the law, phr, erby‧nn an laha; warby‧dn an abode, n, trigva (f), trigvaow (pl). laha (RLC). about, I adv, a-dro; II prp, a-dro dhe2. age, n, oos (m), osow (pl); ooj (m, RLC), ojow (pl, RLC). above, prp, a-ugh. ago, ptl, nans yw; nanj ew (RLC); five years ago, phr, abuse, vb, abusya. nans yw pymp bledhen. abroad, I adj, (overseas) tramor; II adv, (apart) a-les. agree, vb, akordya; unverhe‧; agree with, vb phr, bos abundant, adj, pals. unver gans. acceptable, adj, kemeradow. agreed, adj, akordys; (unanimous) unver. access, n, hedhas (m), hedhasow (pl). agriculture, n, ammeth (f); abmeth (f, RLC). according to, prp, herwydh; war-lergh; according to air, n, ayr (m). the forecast, phr, herwydh an dhargan. air hostess, n, ostes ayr (f), ostesow ayr (pl). account, n, akont (m), akontow (pl). airport, n, ayrborth (m), ayrborthow (pl). accountant, n, akontydh (m), akontydhyon (pl). air steward, n, ost ayr (m), ostys ayr (pl). acrobat, n, lappyer (m), lappyoryon (pl). alarm clock, n, difunel (m), difunellow (pl). across, adv & prp, a-dreus. alas, int, tru, sowe‧th. activity, n, aktivita (m), aktivitys (pl); gwrians (m), alike, adv, kehaval. gwriansow (pl). alive, adj, byw; bew (RLC). actor, n, gwarier (m), gwarioryon (pl). all, I adj, oll; II prn, peub. actress, n, gwariores (f), gwarioresow (pl). alleyway, n, skochfordh (f), skochfordhow (pl). add, vb, keworra. allow, vb, gasa; gara (RLC). adder, n, nader (f), nadres (pl). almighty, adj, ollgalosek. address, n, trigva (f), trigvaow (pl). almost, adv, (before an adjective) ogas; (before a noun) adjective, n, hanow gwann (m), henwyn gwann (pl); ogas ha; (before a verb) namna(g); (used hanow gwadn (m, RLC), henwyn gwadn (pl, RLC). independently) ogasti; ogatti; he almost won, phr, administer, vb, menystra. ev re waynyas ogatti. administration, n, menystrans (m). along, adv, a-hys; a-hes (RLC). administrator, n, menystrer (m), menystroryon (pl); aloft, I prp, a-ugh; II adv, a-vann; a-vadn (RLC). menystrores (f), menystroresow (pl). alphabet, n, lytherennek (f), lytherednek (f, RLC), admit, vb, (confess) avowa; meneges; (let in) amyttya; lytherenegi (pl). degemeres a-berth. already, adv, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC). advantage, n, les (m). alright, phr, da lowr; oll yn komposter. advantageous, adj, dhe les. also, adv, ynwe‧dh; y’we‧dh (RLC); keffry‧s; keffre‧s (RLC); maga ta. advertisement, n, argemmyn (m), argemynnow (pl); 5 argebmyn (m, RLC), argemydnow (pl, RLC). although, conj, kyn , kynth ( before vowels and H). advice, n, kussul (f), kussulyow (pl). always, adv, pub prys; pub pres (RLC). advise, vb, kussulya. ambassador, n, kannas (f), kanasow (pl); kadnas (f, aerial, n, ayrlorgh (f), ayrlorhow (pl). RLC), kanajow (pl, RLC). aeroplane, n, jynn ebron (m), jynnow ebron (pl), ambulance, n, karr klavji (m), kerri klavji (pl); jynnys ebron (pl); ayrplayn (m, RLC), ayrplayns (pl, a‧mbulans (m, RLC); a‧mbulansys (pl, RLC) RLC). America, n, Ame‧rika (m); (United States of America) afar, adv, a-bell. An Statys Unys (pl). afraid, adj, ownek. American, adj, amerikanek; American football, n, pel aft, adv, a-dhelergh. droos amerikanek (f). after, prp, (time only) wosa; woja (RLC); (time and amiable, adj, hegar; amiable towards someone, phr, space) war-lergh. hegar orth nebonan. afternoon, n, dohajy‧dh (m); dohaje‧dh (m, RLC); among, prp, yn mysk; ’mesk (RLC). andro‧w (m); afternoon-time, n, androweyth (m); amuse, vb, didhana. good afternoon!, phr, dohajy‧dh da!; dohaje‧dh da! amusing, adj, didhan; didhanus. (RLC). anchor, n, ankor, (m), ankoryow (pl). afterwards, adv, a-wosa, a’y wosa; a’y woja (RLC); dres anchorage, n, poll (m), pollow (pl); fleet anchorage, n, keyn. lulyn (f). affirm, vb, afia. anchovy, n, ganow kamm (m), ganowow kamm (pl);

4 ganow kabm (m, RLC), ganowow kabm (pl, RLC). vb, arva. and, conj, ha (before consonants), hag (before vowels). armchair, n, kador vregh (f), kadoryow bregh (pl). angel, n, el (m), eledh (pl). arrogant, adj, balgh; prout; orgelous; gothus. angry, adj, serrys; get angry, vb, serri; kemeres sorr; around, I adv, (in the immediate vicinity) yn kerhyn; get angry with someone, vb phr, serri orth nebonan. (traverse) a-dro; all around, adv, a-derdro‧; II prp, a- ankle, n, ufern (m), ufernyow (pl), dewufern (dl). dro dhe2. animal, n, enyval (m), enyvales (pl); best (m), bestys arrow, n, seth (f), sethow (pl). (pl); mil (m), miles (pl). art, n, art (m), artys (pl). announce, vb, deklarya. article, n, (text) skrif (m), skrifow (pl); skrifen (f), Annunciation, n, Dy’gol Maria mis Meurth; De’gol skrifennow (pl), skrifednow (pl, RLC); erthygel (m), Maria mis Meurth (RLC). erthyglow (pl); (grammatical) ger mell (m), geryow anoint, vb, olewi. mell (pl). anorak, n, a‧norak (m), anorakow (pl). artist, n, artydh (m), artydhyon (pl); (painter) lymner another, adj, ken (precedes noun); another one, phr, (m), lymnoryon (pl). onan aral; ken onan. as, adv, ave‧l; ’vel; conj, del2; I did it as a joke, phr, my answer, I n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl); II vb, a’n gwrug ave‧l ges; as it seems, phr, del hevel; as I gorthebi; answer back, vb phr, gorthebi oll dres believe, phr, del grysav; as I said to him, phr, del keyn; answering machine, n, jynn gorthebi (m), leveris dhodho. jynnow gorthebi (pl), jynnys gorthebi (pl). as...as, mar2…ave‧l (with nouns): mar2...del2 (with ant, n, moryonen (f), moryon (coll). verbs); as many as, I prn, myns (also as much as, all any, adj, vyth (in negative expressions), veth (RLC); who, whoever); mens (RLC); II adv, kemmys; kebmys I did not see any light, phr, ny welis golow vyth. (RLC); kekemmys; kekebmys (RLC); as soon as, adv, any more, adj, namo‧y. kettel2; as quickly as, adv, kettoo‧th ha; as white as anyone, prn, nebonan. snow, phr, mar wynn avel an ergh; as simple as it anything, prn, (in negative phrases) tra vyth; tra veth seemed, phr, mar sempel del hevelis. (RLC); (in positive phrases) neppy‧th; neppe‧th as usual, adv phr, herwydh usadow; del yw usys. (RLC). ascend, vb, yskynna; ’skydna (RLC). anxiety, n, ahwe‧r (m); preder (m), prederow (pl). ask, vb, govyn; to ask a question of someone, vb phr, apart, adv, a-les. govyn orth nebonan; govena (RLC); ask someone to apartment, n, rannji (m), rannjiow (pl). do something, vb phr, pysi nebonan a wul neppy‧th; ape, n, apa (m), apys (pl). peji nebonan a wul neppe‧th (RLC). apparent, adj, (obvious) ape‧rt; heveladow. assist, vb, skoodhya. apparently, adv, del hevel. association, n, kowethas (m or f), kowethasow (pl). appear, vb, omdhiskwedhes. assure, vb, afydhya; surhe‧. appearance, n, semlant (m), semlans (pl). astray, I adv, yn sowdhan; II vb, (go astray) mos yn appendix, n, ystynnans (m), ystynansow (pl). sowdhan; sowdhanas. apple, n, aval (m), avalow (pl); wild apple, n, aval astronaut, n, stervarner (m), stervarnoryon (pl); goodh (m), avalow goodh (pl). stervarnores (f), stervarnoresow (pl). approach, vb, nesa. at, prp, (spatial) orth; (with placenames) yn; dhe2; appropriate, adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC). (temporal), prp, dhe2; at two in the afternoon, phr, apricot, n, brykedhen (f), brykedh (coll). dhe dhiw eur androweyth. April, n, Ebrel (m); mis Ebrel (m). at all, adv, vytho‧ll; banna; badna (RLC); mann (usually apron, n, apron (m), apronnyow (pl), aprodnyow (pl, in negative statements); madn (RLC); it does not RLC). concern me at all, phr, ny’m deur mann. archangel, n, arghel (m), argheledh (pl). at home, adv, tre; yn tre. archer, n, gwareger (m), gwaregoryon (pl); sether (m), at last, adv, wor’tiwedh, wos’tiwedh. sethoryon (pl). at that time, adv, y’n tor’ na. archery, n, gwaregieth (f). at this time, adv, y’n tor’ ma. archipelago, n, enesek (f), enesegi (pl). attach, vb, staga. ardent, adj, gwresek. attachment (to a document or e-mail), n, stagel (f), argue, vb, dadhla; argya; kewsel a-dreus; don't argue!, stagellow (pl). phr, na gows a-dreus! attack, vb, omsettya. argument, n, a‧rgument (m), argumentys (pl); dadhel attempt, I n, assay (m), assays (pl); II vb, assaya; ’saya (f), dadhlow (pl). (RLC). arid, adj, sygh; segh (RLC). attic, n, soler (m), soleryow (pl). arm, n, (body part) bregh (f), brehow (pl); diwvregh attitude, n, omdhalgh (m), omdhalhow (pl). (dl); (weapon) arv (f), arvow (pl); to take up arms, audio-visual, adj, klewwelyek.

5 August (month), n, Est (m), mis Est (m). baseball, n, pel vas (f). aunt, n, modrep (f), modrebedh (pl). bashful, adj, methus. author, n, awtour (m), awtours (pl). basin, n, bason (m), basonys (pl). autumn, n, kynnyav (m), kynyavow (pl); kydnyadh (m, basket, n, kanstel (f), kanstellow (pl); basket (m), RLC); kynyadhow (pl, RLC). baskettys (pl). avoid, vb, avoydya; goheles. basketball, n, pelganstel (f). await, vb, gwaytyas. bat, n, (animal) askel grohen (f), eskelli krohen (pl), awake, adj, difun; wide awake, phr, pur dhifun. ’skelli krohen (pl, RLC); (sporting) bat (m), battow awaken, vb, difuna. (pl). away, adv, yn kerdh; dhe-ves; ker’ (RLC); go away! (sg), bath, n, kibel (f), kibellow (pl); badh (m). phr, ke dhe-ves! bathe, vb, golhi; badha. axe, n, bool (f), bolyow (pl). bathroom, n, stevel omwolhi (f), stevellow omwolhi (pl). B, b battery, n, batri (m), batriow (pl). battle, n, kas (f), kasow (pl). baby, n, babi (m), babiow (pl); flogh byhan (m), flehes be, vb, bos. vyhan (pl); (baby doll) baban (m), babanes (pl). bead, n, pader (m), paderow (pl). back, I adv, arta; tre; II n, keyn (m), keynow (pl); III vb, beach, n, treth (m), trethow (pl). skoodhya; back off!, phr, war dha gamm!; war dha beak, n, gelvin (m), gelvines (pl). gabm! (RLC) bean, n, faven (f), fav (coll). backpack, n, sagh keyn (m), seghyer keyn (pl). bear, I n, (animal) ors (m), orses (pl); II vb, (endure) backwards, adv, war-dhelergh. perthi. bacon, n, backen (m). beard, n, barv (m), barvow (pl). bad, adj, drog; a bad deal, n phr, hagervargen (m). beast, n, best (m), bestes (pl). badge, n, arwodhik (m), arwodhigow (pl). beat, vb, (strike) dorna; frappya; gweskel; kronkya; badger, n, brogh (m), brohes (pl). (with a club) fusta; (defeat) fetha. badminton, n, badminton (m). beautiful, adj, teg. bag, n, sagh (m), seghyer (pl), syher (pl, RLC). beautify, vb, tekhe‧; afina. bait, n, treustrum (m). beaver, n, lostledan (m), lostledanes (pl). baker, n, peber (m), peboryon (pl); baker’s shop, n, because, conj, awo‧s; ’wos; drefen; rag. popti (m), poptiow (pl); to bake, vb, pobas. bed, n, gweli (m), gweliow (pl). bald, adj, mool. bedroom, n, chambour (m), chambouryow (pl). bale, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl); to bale (e.g. hay), bedsheet, n, lien gweli (m), lienyow gweli (pl). vb, pusornas. bee, n, gwenenen (f), gwenen (coll). ball, n, pel (f), pelyow (pl). beef, n, kig bewin (m); kig bowin (m, RLC). ballpoint pen, n, pluven belvleyn (f), pluvennow beggar, n, beggyer (m), beggyers (pl). pelvleyn (pl), pluvednow pelvleyn (pl, RLC). beehive, n, kowel gwenen (m), kowellow gwenen (pl). balloon, n, pel ayr (f), pelyow ayr (pl). beer, n, korev (m), kor’ (m, RLC), korevow (pl). banana, n, banana (m), bananas (pl). beetle, n, hwil (m), hwiles (pl). band, n, band (m), bandow (pl); group, n, bagas (m), before, prp, a-dherag, dherag; (in time) kyns; kens bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). (RLC); before now, phr, kyns es lemmyn, kens es bandage, n, lysten (f), lystennow (pl), lystednow (pl, lebmyn (RLC); before that, phr, kyns ena; kens ena RLC). (RLC). bang, n, (explosion) tardh (m), tardhow (pl); (knock) beforehand, prp, a-dherag. bonk (m), bonkys (pl). begin, vb, . bank, n, (money) arhanti (m), arhantiow (pl); (river beginning, n, dalleth (m), dalethow (pl). bank) n, glann (f), glannow (pl); gladn (f, RLC), behave, vb, fara; to behave oneself, vb, omdho‧n. gladnow (pl, RLC); (topography) n, banken (f), behind, adv & prp, a-dryv; a-drev (RLC); a-dhelergh. bankennow (pl), bankednow (pl, RLC). beholden, adj, synsys. bard, n, bardh (m), berdh (pl); bardhes (f), bardhesow believe, vb, krysi; kreji (RLC). (pl). bell, n, klogh (m), klegh (pl). bargain, I n, bargen (m), bargennyow (pl), bargednyow bellow, vb, bedhygla. (pl, RLC); bargenys (pl); II vb, bargynnya; bargydnya belong, vb, longya. (RLC). below, adv, a-woles. barge, n, skath hir (f), skathow hir (pl). belt, n, grugys (m), grugysyow (pl). barn, n, skiber (f), skiberyow (pl). bench, n, form (m), formow (pl). barrel, n, balyer (m), balyeryow (pl). bend, vb, plegya.

6 bent, adj, kamm; kabm (RLC). (m). beside, prp, ryb; reb (RLC). bog, n, keunegen, (f), keunegennow (pl), keunegednow best, sup, (an) gwella. (pl, RLC), keunegi (coll). bet, I n, kenwostel (m), kenwostlow (pl); II vb, boil, vb, bryjyon; boiled, adj, bryjys; boiled egg, n, oy kenwostla. bryjys (m), oyow bryjys (pl). betray, vb, trayta. bolt, n, (fastening) ebil (m), ebilyow (pl); iron bolt, n, better, cmp, gwella. ebil horn (m), ebilyow horn (pl). between, prp, yntra (before consonants), ynter (before bone, n, askorn (m), eskern (pl). vowels); tredh (RLC). bonfire, n, tanses (m), tanjes (m, RLC), tansesyow (pl); beyond, prp, dres. tanjesow (pl, RLC). Bible, n, Bibel (m). bonnet, n, kogh (m), kohow (pl). bicycle, n, diwros (f), diwrosow (pl). book, n, lyver (m), lyvrow; lever (m, RLC), levrow (pl, big, adj, bras; broas (RLC); big dipper (fairground), n, RLC); bookcase, n, argh lyvrow (f), arhow lyvrow sedher meur (m), sedhoryon meur (pl); big wheel (pl); argh levrow (pl, RLC), arhow levrow (pl, RLC). (fairground), n, ros veur (f), rosow meur (pl). booklet, n, lyvrik (m), lyvrigow (pl); levren (f, RLC), bigot, n, den ragvreusek (m), tus ragvreusek (pl). levrennow (pl, RLC). bill, n, reken (m), reknow (pl). bookshop, n, lyverji (m), lyverjiow (pl); shoppa levrow bird, n, edhen (f), ydhyn (pl); edhnow (pl, RLC). (m, RLC), shoppys levrow (pl, RLC). birthday, n, penn bloodh (m), pennow bloodh (pl); boot, n, (car) trog (m), trogow (pl); (footwear) botasen pedn bloodh (m, RLC), pednow bloodh (pl, RLC); (f), botas (coll). birthday cake, n, tesen benn bloodh (f), tesennow border, n, amal (m), emlow (pl). penn bloodh (pl); tesen bedn bloodh (f), tesednow bore (a hole), vb phr, telli. pedn bloodh (pl, RLC); birthday card, n, karten benn bored, adj, skwithys. bloodh (f), kartennow penn bloodh (pl); karten boring (wearying), adj, skwithus. bedn bloodh (f, RLC), kartednow pedn bloodh (pl, born, adj, genys. RLC). bother, vb, ankombra, trobla. biscuit, n, tesen gales (f), tesennow kales (pl), bottle, n, botel (m), botellow (pl). tesednow kales (pl, RLC). bottom, n, (not top) goles (m), golesow (pl); (body) bison, n, bual (m), bualyon (pl). pedren (f), pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, RLC), bit, n, (morsel) tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), diwbedren (dl). tebmyn (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl); (computer) bow, I n, (arc) gwarek (m), gwaregow (pl); (gesture) byt (m), byttys (pl); bit by bit, phr, tamm ha tamm; omblegyans (m), omblegyansow (pl); (ship) penn a- tabm ha tabm (RLC). rag (m), pennow a-rag (pl); pedn a-rag (m, RLC), bitch, n, gast (f), gesti (pl); son-of-a-bitch, n, horsen pednow a-rag (pl, RLC); II vb, omblegya. (m), horsens (pl). bowl, n, bolla (m), bollow (pl), bollys (pl); skudel (f), bite, I n, brath (m), brathow (pl); II vb, bratha. skudellow (pl). black, adj, du. box, n, kist (f), kistyow (pl); boks (m), boksys (pl); blackberry, n, moren dhu (f), mor du (coll). small box, n, kisten (f), kistennow (pl), kistednow blackthorn, n, spernen dhu (f), spern du (coll). (pl, RLC). blame, vb, blamya; kabla. Boxing Day, n, Dy’gol Stefan (m); De’gol Stefan (m, blessed, adj, benygys; gwynn; gwydn (RLC); gwynnvys. RLC). blind, I adj, dall; blind man’s buff, phr, margh dall; II vb, boy, n, maw (m), mebyon (pl). dalla; III (blackout blind), n, lenn dhu (f), lennow du bracelet, n, brehellik (m), breheligow (pl). (pl); ledn dhu (f, RLC), lednow du (pl, RLC). bracket, n, korbel (m), korblys (pl). bliss, n, lowena (f). bramble, n, dreysen (f), dreys (coll). blood, n, goos (m); hardened blood, n, mol (m), branch, n, skorren (f), skorr (coll); skorr (m), skorrow molyow (pl). (pl). blood-red, adj, kogh. brass, n, brest (m). blouse, n, hevis (m), hevisyow (pl). bread, n, bara (m). blow, I (hit), n, bomm (m), bommyn (pl); crushing break, I vb, terri. blow, n, skat (m); II (air) vb, hwytha. breakdown, n, mooth (m), mothow (pl); torrva (f), blue, adj, glas; blou. torrvaow (pl); breakdown lorry, n, kert torrva (m), blunt, adj, sogh. kertow torrva (pl). board, n (wooden b.), n, bord (m), bordow (pl); breakfast, n, hansel (m), hanselyow (pl). (committee), n, kesva (f), kesvaow (pl). breakneck, adj phr, krackya konna; krackya kodna boat, n, skath (f), skathow (pl). (RLC). body, n, korf (m), korfow (pl); front of body, n, greuv breast (of body), n, bronn (f), bronnow (pl), diwvron

7 (dl); brodn (f, RLC), brodnow (pl, RLC), devron (dl, burden, I n, begh (m), behow (pl); karg (m), kargow RLC). (pl); sawgh (m), sawghow (pl); II vb, beghya. breath, n, anal (f). bureau, n, burow (m), burowyow (pl). breeze, n, awel glor (f). burly, n, keherek. Breton, I adj, bretonek; II n, (person) Breton (m), burn, vb, leski. Bretonyon (pl); Bretones (f), Bretonesow (pl); burrow, n, toll (m), tell (pl); rabbit burrow, n, toll (language) Bretonek (m). konin (m), tell konin (pl). brew, vb, braga. bus, n, kyttri‧n (m), kyttrinyow (pl); bus driver, n, brewed, adj, bregys. lewyer kyttri‧n (m), lewyoryon gyttri‧n (pl); bus briar, n, spedhasen (f), spedhas (coll). station, n, gorsav kyttri‧n (m), gorsavow kyttri‧n brick, n, bryck (m), bryckow (pl), bryckys (pl). (pl); bus stop, n, kyttrinva (f), kyttrinvaow (pl); bride, n, benyn bries (f), benenes pries (pl). savla kyttri‧n (m), savleow kyttri‧n (pl). bridegroom, n, gour pries (m), gwer bries (pl). bush, n, prysken (f), prysk (coll). bridesmaid, n, moren bries (f), morenyon pries (pl). business, n, negys (m), negysyow (pl). bridge, n, pons (m), ponsyow (pl). busy, adj, bysi. bright, adj, splann; spladn (RLC). but, conj, mes; saw; lemen. brine, n, brin (m), brinyow (pl). butcher, n, kiger (m), kigoryon (pl); butcher’s shop, n, bring, vb, dri; drei (RLC). kigti (m), kigtiow (pl). Britain, n, Breten (f). butter, n, amanyn (m); ’manyn (m, RLC). Brittany, n, Breten Vyhan (f); Breten Vian (f, RLC). butterfly, n, tykki Duw (m), tykkiow Duw (pl), tykki broad, adj, efan; ledan. Duwes (pl). broccoli, n, broklo (m), broklos (pl); kowlvleujen (f), buttock, n, pedren (f), pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, kowlvleujennow (pl), kowlvleujednow (pl, RLC). RLC), diwbedren (dl). broken, adj, terrys button, n, boton (m), botonyow (pl), botons (pl, RLC); bronze, n, brons (m). button hole, n, toll boton (m), tell boton (pl). broom, n, skubel (f), skubellow (pl); (small brush or buy, vb, prena. mop), n, skubyllen (f), skubylennow (pl), buzz, vb, sia; buzz off!, phr, ke war dha gamm!; ke war skubylednow (pl, RLC); (plant) banadhlen (f), dha gabm! (RLC) banadhel (coll). by, prp, (done by) gans; gen (RLC); (until), prp, bys; brook, n, gover (m), goverow (pl). erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); by Christmas, phr, erby‧nn brother, n, broder (m), breder (pl). Nadelik brotherhood, n, brederedh (m). byte, n, bayt (m), baytys (pl). brow (forehead), n, tal (m), talyow (pl); toal (m, RLC), toalyow (pl, RLC). brown, adj, (light brown) gell; (dark brown) gorm. C, c browse (the internet), vb, peuri; pori (RLC). browser (internet), n, peurel (f), peurellow (pl); porel cabbage, n, kowlen (f), kowl (coll); kavach (m), kavajys (f, RLC), porellow (pl, RLC). (pl). brush, n, skubel (f), skubellow (pl); (of an artist) pyncel café, n, koffiji (m), koffijiow (pl). (m), pyncels (pl). cage, n, kowel (m), kowellow (pl). bucket, n, kelorn (m), kelern (pl). cairn, n, karnedh (m), karnedhow (pl). buckle, I n, bockyl (m), bocklow (pl), bocklys (pl); II vb, cake, n, tesen (f), tesennow (pl), tesednow (pl, RLC). bockla. calendar, n, lyver dedhyow (m), lyvrow dedhyow (pl); budgerigar, n, budji (m), budjies (pl). lever dedhyow (m, RLC), levrow dedhyow (pl, RLC). buffer (train), n, bommel (f), bomellow (pl). calf, n, (young animal), n, leugh (m), leuhi (pl) {RLC build, vb, drehevel; derevel (RLC). pronunciation: [lɛwh]}; (of leg) berr (f), berrow (pl); building, n, drehevyans (m), drehevyansow (pl). garren (f), garennow (pl), garednow (pl, RLC). bulb (light), n, bollen (f), bolennow (pl), bolednow (pl, call, vb, gelwel. RLC). calm, adj, kosel. bull, n, tarow (m), terewi (pl). camel, n, kowrvargh (m), kowrvergh (pl). bullock, n, lodhen (m), lodhnow (pl); lodn (m, RLC), camera, n, ka‧mera (m), ka‧meras (pl); jynn skeusen lodnow (pl, RLC). (m), jynnow skeusen (pl). bun, n, torthel (f), torthellow (pl). camp, I n, kamp (m), kampow (pl); II vb, kampya. bunch, n, bagas (m), bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). can, I n, (container) kanna (m), kannow (pl), kannys bundle, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl); gronn (m); (pl); II (be able to) vb, gallos. grodn (m, RLC). canal, n, dowrgleudh (m), dowrgleudhyow (pl). buoy, n, morverk (m), morverkow (pl), morverkys (pl). canary, n, kanari (m), kanaries (pl).

8 candle, n, kantol (f), kantolyow (pl); candle-stick, n, cell, n, bagh (f), bahow (pl). kantolbren (m), kantolbrennyer (pl), cellar, n, dorgel (f), dorgellow (pl); celder (m), celders kantolbrednyer (pl, RLC). (pl). candy floss, n, komolen sugra (f); blew sugra (coll). Celt, n, Kelt (m), Keltyon (pl). cannon, n, kanon (m), kanonyow (pl). Celtic, adj, keltek. canoe, n, kanou‧ (m), kanouyow (pl). centimetre, n, centimeter (m), centimetrow (pl). cap, n, kappa (m), kappow (pl), kappys (pl). central, adj, kres. captain, n, kapten (m), kaptenow (pl), kaptens (pl). centre, n, (middle) kres (m); (building) kresen (f), car, n, karr (m), kerri (pl); car park, n, park kerri (m), kresennow (pl); kresednow (pl, RLC); (rugby player) parkow kerri (pl); car wash, n, golghva gerri (f), kreswas (m), kreswesyon (pl). golghvaow kerri (pl); police car, n, karr kreslu (m), century, n, kansvledhen (f), kansvledhynnyow (pl), kerri kreslu (pl). kansvledhydnyow (pl, RLC). caravan, n, ka‧ravan (m), ka‧ravans (pl). certain, I adj, (certain) certan; diogel; II prn, (a certain card, n, karten (f), kartennow (pl), kartednow (pl, one) unn. RLC); credit card, n, karten gresys (f), kartennow certainly, adv, devri‧; yn tevri‧; yn certan; sur; surredi; kresys (pl), kartednow kresys (pl, RLC); cash card, n, yn surredi. karten vona (f), kartennow mona (pl), kartednow chair, n, kador (f), kadoryow (pl). vona (pl, RLC). chairlift, n, kador yskyn (f), kadoryow yskyn (pl). cardigan, n, ka‧rdigan (m), kardiganow (pl). chalet, n, krow prenn (m), krowyow prenn (pl); krow cargo, n, karg (m), kargow (pl). predn (m, RLC), krowyow predn (pl, RLC). carnal, adj, karnal. chalk, n, krey (m). carpenter, n, ser prenn (m), seri brenn (pl); ser predn chance, n, chons (m), chonsyow (pl); feus (f); hap (m), (m, RLC), seri bredn (pl, RLC). happys (pl): by chance, phr, dre hap. carpet, n, leurlen (f), leurlennow (pl), leurlednow (pl, chandler, n, gwikor (m), gwikoryon (pl). RLC). changing room, n, gwiskva (f), gwiskvaow (pl). carriage, n, kocha (m), kochys (pl). chaos, n, dera‧y (m), dera‧ys (pl). carrot, n, karetysen (f), karetys (coll). chap (male person), n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl); polat carry, vb, don. (m), polatys (pl). cart, n, kert (m), kertow (pl), kertys (pl). chapel, n, chapel (m), chapelyow (pl). case, n, (box) trog (m), trogow (pl); (circumstance) kas charity, n, (virtue) cherita (m); kerensa (f), kerenja (f, (m); in case, conj, rag own; rag dout; les (RLC). RLC); (body) aluseneth (f), alusenethow (pl). cash, n, mona (coll). chart, n, tresen (f), tresennow (pl), tresednow (pl, cassette tape, n, songist (f), songistyow (pl). RLC). castle, n, kastel (m), kastylli (pl). chase, vb, chassya. cat, n, kath (f), kathes (pl). chatter, vb, klappya. catch, vb, kachya. cheat, vb, tolla. category, n, klass (m), klassys (pl). cheek (face), n, bogh (f), bohow (pl), diwvogh (dl). caterpillar, n, pryv del (m), prev del (m, RLC), preves cheese, n, keus (m), keusyow (pl). del (pl). check-out, n, rekenva (f), rekenvaow (pl). cathedral, n, penneglos (f), penneglosyow (pl); eglos chef, n, keginer (m), keginoryon (pl); keginores (f), teg (f, RLC), eglosyow teg (pl, RLC). keginoresow (pl). cattle, coll n, buhes (f pl); (horned cattle) gwarthek cherry, n, keresen (f), keres (coll). (coll). chess, n, gwydhbol (m). cauldron, n, kawdarn (m), kawdarns (pl); chek (m), chest, n, (body) brest (m); (container) argh (f), arhow chekys (pl). (pl); kofer (m), kofrow (pl); (chest of drawers) argh cauliflower, n, kowlvleujen (f), kowlvleujennow (pl), dhillas (f), arhow dillas (pl); (money box) argh vona kowlvleujednow (pl, RLC). (f), arhow mona (pl). cause, I n, acheson (m), achesonyow (pl); skila (f), chestnut, n, kestenen (f), kesten (coll). skilys (pl); to be the cause of, vb phr, skila; II vb, chew, vb, knias; chew the cud, vb phr, dasknias. kawsya; to cause to, vb, gul dhe. chick, n, mabyar (f), mabyer (pl). cautious, adj, war. chicken, n, yar (f), yer (pl); chicken meat, n, kig yar CD, n, plasen arhansek (f), plasennow arhansek (pl), (m), kigyow yar (pl); chicken shed, n, krow yer (m), plasednow arhansek (pl, RLC); cidi (m), cidis (pl); krowyow yer (pl). abbr, CD. child, n, flogh (m), flehes (pl). cease, vb, hedhi; astel; cessya; difygya. chimney, n, chymbla (m), chimblys (pl). ceiling, n, nen (m), nenyow (pl). chin, n, elgeth (f), elgethyow (pl). celery, n, kegisen hweg (f), kegis hweg (coll). chip, n, asklosen (f), asklos (coll); skobm (m, RLC),

9 skobmow (pl, RCL); chip shop, n, asklotti (m), cod, n, barvus (m), barvusi (pl), barvuji (pl, RLC). asklottiow (pl). coffee, n, koffi (m); instant coffee, n, koffi desempis chip, vb, asklosi. (m). chocolate, n, choklet (m). coil, I vb, terhi; II n, torgh (f), tergh (pl). choir, n, keur (m), keuryow (pl). coin, n, bath (m), bathow (pl). compatible, adj, kesplegadow. cold, I n, (temperature) yeynder (m); (illness) anwos choose, vb, dewis. (m); II adj, yeyn; bitterly cold, adj, or; to catch cold, chop, vb, divyn; nadha. vb phr, anwosi; I have a cold, phr, yma anwos chopstick, n, gwelennik (f), gwelednik (f, RLC), dhymm; ma anwos dhybm (RLC). gwelenigow (pl). collect, vb, kuntel. chough, n, palores (f), paloresow (pl). college, n, kolji (m), koljiow (pl). Christmas, n, Nadelik (m); Christmas Day, n, Dydh colour, n, liw (m), liwyow (pl). Nadelik; Christmas tree, gwedhen Nadelik (f), comb, I n, krib (f), kribow (pl); II vb, kribas. gwydh Nadelik (coll), gwedh Nadelik (coll, RLC). come, vb, dos. church, n, eglos (f), eglosyow (pl). comedian, n, gesyer (m), gesyoryon (pl). cider, n, cider (m). comfortable, adj, atte‧s; make yourselves comfortable!, cinema, n, ci‧nema (m), ci‧nemas (pl). phr, omjersyewgh! circle, n, kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl). comic, I adj, hwarthus; II n, (paper) komik (m), circumference, n, kompas (m). komigow (pl). circus, n, cirk (m), cirkow (pl) command, I n, arhadow (m), arhadowyow (m); II vb, city, n, cita (f), citys (pl); capital city, n, penncita (f), erhi. penncitys (pl); pedncita (f, RLC), pedncitys (pl, RLC). common, adj, kemmyn; kebmyn (RLC). clamour, n, hobadolya (m), hobadolyas (pl); tros (m), companion, n, koweth (m), kowetha (pl); kowethes (f), trosyow (pl). kowethesow (pl). clap, vb, tackya; clap one’s hands, vb phr, tackya company, n, kowethyans (m). diwleuv. compare, vb, keheveli. class, n, klass (m), klassys (pl). compass (magnetic), n, mornaswydh (f), claw, I n, ewin (m), ewines (pl); kraban (m), krabanow mornaswydhow (pl); mornajedh (f, RLC), (pl); (of crab) paw (m), pawyow (pl); II vb, kravas; mornajedhow (pl, RLC). skravinyas. compel, vb, kompella. clay, n, pri (m), prei (m, RLC); clay pit, n, poll pri (m). complete, I adj, dien; II vb, kowlwul. clean, I adj, glan; II vb, glanhe‧. completely, adv, yn tien; kwit. clear, adj, kler; (transparent) ylyn; elyn (RLC). compromise, n, kesassoylyans (m), kesassoylyansow clearly, adv, yn kler. (pl). clever, adj, skentel. computer, n, jynn amontya (m), jynnow amontya (pl), cliff, n, als (f), alsyow (pl), aljyow (pl, RLC). jynnys amontya (pl). climate, n, hin (f). comrade, n, kothman (m), kothmans (pl); koweth (m), climb, vb, yskynna; ascendya; krambla (RCL). kowetha (pl). cloak, n, klok (m), klokys (pl). conceal, vb, kudha; keles. clock, n, klock (m), klockow (pl), klockys (pl). conceive (a child), vb, o‧mdhon. close, I adj, ogas; klos; come close!, phr, deus nes!; II vb, concern, n, bern (m); it is of no concern, phr, ny vern; (shut) degea; (approach) neshe‧. it does not concern me, phr, ny’m deur mann. closed, adj, deges. concerning, prp, yn kever (used with possess. closely, adv, yn ogas; klos. adjectives); a-dro dhe2; ’dro dhe2 (RLC). cloth, n, kweth (f), kwethow (pl). concert (performance), n, (vocal) keskan (f), keskanow clothe, vb, gwiska; to clothe oneself, vb phr, omwiska. (pl); (instrumental) kesilow (f), kesilowyow (pl). clothes, n, dilasen (f), dillas (coll). cone, n, pigorn (m), pigern (pl). cloud, n, kloud (m), kloudys (pl); komolen (f), kommol confection, n, kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). (coll), kobmol (coll, RLC); thunder cloud, n phr, confess, vb, avowa; meneges. poster (m), posterow (pl). confession, n, avowans (m), avowansow (pl). cloudy, adj, komolek. consecrate, vb, sakra. clown, n, lorden (m), lordenyon (pl). consider, vb, prederi. coal, n, glow (m). console, n, konsolen (f), konsolennow (pl), coast, n, arvor (m), arvoryow (pl). konsolednow (pl, RLC); video game console, n, coat, n, kota (m), kotow (pl), kotys (pl). konsolen gwariow gwydhyow (f). cobweb, n, gwias kevnis (m), gwiasow kevnis (pl). constitution, n, korf laha (m). cockerel, n, kulyek (m), kulyogyon (pl). continuation, n, pesyans (m), pesyansow (pl); pejyans

10 (m, RLC), pejyansow (pl, RLC). cowshed, n, bowji (m), bowjiow (pl). continue, vb, pesya; pejya (RLC). crab, n, kanker (m), kankres (pl). control, vb, rewlya; rowlya (RLC); routya; control crab-apple tree, n, gwedhen krabbys (f), gwydh tower, n, tour routya (m), touryow routya (pl). krabbys (coll); gwedh krabbys (coll, RLC). converse (speech), vb, keskewsel; keskowsel (RLC); crack, vb, krackya. klappya. cradle, n, kawel lesk (m), kawellow lesk (pl). conversation, n, keskows (m), keskowsow (pl). crane, n, garan (f), garanes (pl). conversion, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). cranefly, n, kelyonen aran (f), kelyon garan (coll). convert, vb, treylya. crawfish, n, gaver (f), gever (pl); gryll (m), gryllys (pl). cook, I vb, kegi; pareusi; paruji (RLC); II n, kog (m), crawl, vb, pedrevanas. kogow (pl); koges (f), kogesow (pl). crayon, n, kreyon (m), kreyonyow (pl). cooker, n, kogforn (f), kogfornow (pl). cream, n, dehen (m), dehennow (pl), dehednow (pl, co-operate, vb, kesoberi. RLC); cream cake, n, tesen dhehen (f), tesennow copper, n, kober (m). dehen (pl), tesednow dehen (pl, RLC); sun cream, n, cord, n, korden (f), kerdyn (pl). dehen howl (m), dehennow howl (pl), dehednow corn (cereal) n, ysen (f), ys (coll), ysow (pl); abounding howl (pl, RLC). in corn, adj, ysek. create, vb, gwruthyl {= alternative VN to gul}. Cornish, adj, kernewek; kernowek (RLC); Cornish creator, n, gwrier (m), gwrioryon (pl); kreador (m), language, n, Kernewek; Kernowek (RLC); Cornish kreadors (pl); furvyer (m), furvyoryon (pl). speaker, n, Kerneweger (m), Kernewegoryon (pl); creature, n, kroadur (m); kreatur (m). Kernewegores (f), Kernewegoresow (pl); creek, n, heylyn (m), heylynnow (pl), heylydnow (pl, Kernoweger (m, RLC), Kernowegoryon (pl, RLC); RLC). Cornishman, n, Kernow (m), Kernowyon (pl); creepy–crawly, n, pryv (m), preves (pl), prevyon (pl); Cornish woman, n, Kernewes (f), Kernewesow (pl). prev (m, RLC), preves (pl, RLC) {Note: Applied , n, Kernow. indiscriminately to worms, caterpillars, bugs etc.}. correct, I adj, ewn; own (RLC); II vb, ewna; owna (RLC). croak, I adj, ronk; II n, ronk (m); III vb, renki. corrupt, I adj, podrek; II vb, pedri. crescent, n, krommen (f), kromennow (pl); krobmen (f, cost, n, kost (m), kostys (pl) RLC), kromednow (pl, RLC); (street signage) gwarak cottage, n, krowji (m), krowjiow (pl); small cottage, n, (f), gwaregow (pl). dyji (m), dyjiow (pl). cricket, n, (sport) krycket (m); (insect) gryll (m), cotton wool, coll, gwlan koton. grylles (pl). cough, I n, pas (m), pasow (pl); II vb, pasa. crime, n, drogober (m), drogoberow (pl); galweyth (m), council, n, konsel (m), konsels (pl); Cornwall Council, n galweythyow (pl). phr, Konsel Kernow. critic, n, barner (m), barnoryon (pl); theatre critic, n, counsel, n, kussul (f), kussulyow (pl). barner gwariva (m). count, vb, amontya. criticise, vb, arvreusi; krytikya. counterfeit, I adj, fug; II vb, fugya. crisp, I adj, kras; II n, (snack) kresik (m), kresigow (pl). country, n, bro (f), broyow (pl); mother country, crocodile, n, kro‧kodil (m), kro‧kodiles (pl). motherland, n, mammvro (f), mammvroyow (pl); crop, I n, (bird’s crop) kroth (f); (harvest) trevas (f); II pow (m), powyow (pl); gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); vb, (harvest) trevasa; (cut short) dibenna. pertaining to a country, adj, gwlasek; open country, cross, I n, krows (f), krowsyow (pl); II vb, treusi; n, mes (m), mesyow (pl). tremena (RLC). county, n, konteth (f), kontethow (pl). crossing place, n, treusva (f), treusvaow (pl); level course, n, (study) steus (f), steusow (pl); (direction) crossing, phr, treusva hyns horn. hyns (m), hynsow (pl); resegva (f), resegvaow (pl); crow, n, bran (f), brini (pl). (meal) sand (m), sandys (pl). crowd, n, bosh (m), boshys (pl); routh (f), routhow (pl). court, n, (residence) lys (m), lysow (pl); (court of law) crown (royal), n, kurun (f), kurunyow (pl). breuslys (m), breuslysow (pl). crumb, n, (of bread) hwigen (f); (general) browsyonen courtyard, n, garth (m), garthow (pl). (f), browsyon (coll). cousin, n, ke‧nderow (m), kenderwi (pl); keni‧terow (f), crumble, vb, brewi; browi (RLC); browsi; crumbled keni‧terwi (pl). material, groundbait, phr, brows (coll). cove, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). crustacean, n, krestennek (m), krestednek (m, RLC), cover, I n, gorher (m), gorheryow (pl); book cover, n, krestenogyon (pl). aden (f), adenyow (pl); kudhlen (f); II vb, gorheri; crutch, n, kroch (m), krochow (pl), krochys (pl), lenni. dewgroch (dl). cow, n, bugh (f), buhes (pl). {RLC pronunciation: [bɪwh].} cry, I n, kri (m), kriow (pl); krei (m, RLC); II vb, kria; cowboy, n, bughwas (m), bughwesyon (pl). kreia (RLC); ola.

11 cub, n, kolyn (m), kelyn (pl); fox cub, n, lowarnik (m), hweg; dear George, phr, Jori hweg; Jori ker. lewernigow (pl); lion cub, n, lewik (m), lewigow (pl). death, n, mernans (m). cube, n, kub (m), kubow (pl). December, n, Kevardhu (m); mis Kevardhu (m). cubit, n, kevelin (m), kevelinyow (pl). deceive, vb, tolla. cuckoo, n, kog (f), koges (pl); koukou (f), koukous (pl). decide, vb, ervira. cucumber, n, kukomber (m), kukomberyow (pl). deck chair, n, kador dreth (f), kadoryow treth (pl). cultivate (land), vb, gonis. declaration, n, diskleryans (m), diskleryansow (pl); cup, n, hanaf (m), hanafow (pl); hanath (m, RLC), deklaracyon (m), deklaracyons (pl). hanathow (pl, RLC). decorate, vb, afina; tekhe‧. cupboard, n, a‧mari (f), a‧maris (pl); ambri (f, RLC), deed, n, (action) gwrians (m), gwriansow (pl); (legal ambris (pl, RLC). document) chartour (m), chartours (pl). cupful, n, hanafas (m), hanafasow (pl); hanathas (pl, deep, adj, down. RLC), hanathasow (pl, RLC). degree, n, (angle or temperature) gradh (m), gradhow curlew, n, gelvinek (m), gelvinogyon (pl), gelvinoges (pl); (rank) degre‧ (m), degry‧s (pl). (pl). delinquent, n, drogwas (m), drogwesyon (pl). curse, I n, molleth (f), molothow (pl); II vb, molethi. deliver, vb, delivra. curtain, n, kroglen (f), kroglennow (pl), kroglednow deliverance, n, delivrans (m), delivransow (pl). (pl, RLC). delude, vb, tolla; flattra. curve, I adj, kromm; krobm (RLC); II n, gwarr (f), demand, I n, gorholedh (m); II vb, dervyn. gwarrow (pl); krommen (f); krobmen (f, RLC); III vb, dentist, n, medhek dens (m), medhygyon dhens (pl); kamma; kabma (RLC). medhoges dhens (f), medhogesow–dens (pl). cushion, n, pluvek (f), pluvogow (pl). deny, vb, naha. cut, I adj, trogh; trehys; II n, trogh (m), trohow (pl); cut depart, vb, diberth. of meat, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl); III vb, trehi. depth, n, downder (m), downderyow (pl). cycle, I n, tro (f), troyow (pl); II (to ride a cycle) vb, derange, vb, varya. diwrosa. deranged, adj, varyes. descend, vb, diyskynna; deskydnya (RLC). D, d desert, n, difeythtir (m), difeythtiryow (pl). deserve, vb, dendil; deservya. daddy, n, tas (m); tasik (m). deservedly, adv, kwit. dairy, n, leti (m), letiow (pl); dairy produce, n, askor desire, I (need) n, hwans (m), hwansow (pl); II vb, lethek (m). hwansa. dale (valley), n, nans (m), nansow (pl). desirous, adj, hwansek. damage, n, damach (m), damajys (pl). desk, n, desk (m), deskow (pl), deskys (pl). damaged, adj, shyndys. destroy, vb, distrui. damn, vb, dampnya. destruction, n, distruyans (m), distruyansow (pl). dance, I n, dons (m), donsyow (pl); II vb, donsya. detergent, n, lin sebon (m), linyow sebon (pl). dancer, n, donsyer (m), donsoryon (pl); donsyores (f), devil, n, dyowl (m), dyowlow (pl); the Devil, n, an Jowl donsyoresow (pl). (m); by the Devil, phr, re’n Jowl. danger, n, peryl (m), peryllyow (pl). Devon, n, Dewnens (m); Pow Densher (m). dangerous, adj, peryllus; diantel. dew, n, gluth (m). dark, adj, tewal. diary, n, dydhlyver (m), dydhlyvrow (pl); dedhlever darken, vb, tewlhe‧. (m, RLC), dedhlevrow (pl, RLC). darkness, n, tewlder (m). diamond, n, adamant (m), adamantow (pl), adamantys date, n, dydh (m), dedh (m, RLC), dedhyow (pl); (pl). (specific date) dedhyas (m), dedhyasow (pl). dice, n, dis (m), disyow (pl). daughter, n, myrgh (f), myrhes (pl); mergh (f, RLC), dictionary, n, gerlyver (m), gerlyvrow (pl); gerlever merhes (pl, RLC). (m, RLC), gerlevrow (pl, RLC). day, n, dydh (m), dedh (m, RLC), dedhyow (pl); jorna divorce, I n, didhemedhyans (m), didhemedhyansow (m), jorneow (pl); day before yesterday, n, (pl); II vb, didhemedhi. dygynsete‧; degensete‧ (RLC); day after tomorrow, divorced, adj, didhemedhys. n, trenja. die, vb, merwel. dead, adj, marow. different, adj, ken; dihaval; dyffrans; different from, deaf, adj, bodhar; to become deaf, vb phr, bodhara; deaf adj phr, dihaval dhyworth. person, n, bodharek (m), bodharogyon (pl). difficult, adj, kales. deafen, vb, bodharhe‧. difficulty, n, kaletter (m). dear, adj, kuv; ker; (expensive) kostek; (in letters) ker; dig, vb, palas.

12 digger (machine), n, jynn palas (m), jynnow palas (pl), document, n, skrif (m), skrifow (pl); skrifen (f), jynnys palas (pl, RLC). skrifennow (pl), skrifednow (pl, RLC). digit, n, bys (m), besies (pl). dodgem, n, karr bonk (m), kerri bonk (pl). digital, adj, bysyel. dog, n, ki (m), kei (m, RLC), keun (pl); male dog, n, diligence, n, diwysygneth (f). gorgi (m), gorgiow (pl); female dog, bitch, gast (f), diligent, adj, diwysyk. gesti (pl). dine, vb, kinyewel; dining room, n, stevel dhybri (f), dogfish, n, morgi (m), morgeun (pl). stevellow dybri (pl); stevel dhebri (f, RLC), stevellow doll, n, dolli (f), doliow (pl); popet (m), popetow (pl). debri (pl, RLC); dining car (train), n, kocha dybri doll’s house, n, chi dolli (m), chiow dolli (pl), treven (m), kochow dybri (pl); kocha debri (m, RLC), dolli (pl, RLC). kochow debri (pl, RLC). dolphin, n, morhogh (m), morhohes (pl). dinner, n, kinnyow (m), kidnyow (m, RLC), kinyewow done, adj, gwrys; gwres (RLC); done for, undone, adj, (pl); late dinner, n, kon (f), konyow; to eat late diswrys; diswres (RLC). dinner, vb, kona. donkey, n, asen (m), asenes (pl). dinosaur, n, arghpedrevan (m), arghpedrevanes (pl). door, n, daras (m), darasow (pl), darjow (pl, RLC). direction, n, tu (m), tuhow (pl). door handle, n, dornla (m), dornleow (pl). dirt, n, mostedhes (m). double, adj, dewblek. dirty, adj, plos; to make dirty, vb, mostya. dove, n, kolom (f), kelemmi (pl), kelebmi (pl, RLC). disabled, adj, evredhek; disabled person, n phr, evredh down, I n, (fine feathers), manbluven (f), manbluv (m), evredhyon (pl); evredhes (f), evredhesow (pl). (coll); (moorland), n, goon (f), gonyow (pl); II disc (record), n, plasen (f), plasennow (pl), plasednow downwards, adv, yn-nans, war-woles. (pl, RLC); compact disc (CD), n, plasen arhansek (f), downstairs, adv, a-woles; war-woles. plasennow arhansek (pl), plasednow arhansek (pl, dragon, n, dragon (f), dragones (pl). RLC); cidi (m), cidis (pl); abbr, CD (m), CDs (pl). draw, vb, (art) delinya; (pull) tenna; tedna (RLC). discount, I n, diskont (m), diskontow (pl); II vb, drawer, n, tregyn (m), tregynnow (pl), tregydnow (pl, diskontya. RLC). discuss, vb, (have a discussion) omgussulya; drawing, n, delinyans (m), delinyansow (pl). omgussulya a-dro dhe’n mater, phr, to have a drawing pin, n, pynn meus (m), pynnow meus (pl); discussion about the issue; (discuss sth.) dadhla. pydn meus (m, RLC), pydnow meus (pl, RLC). disguise, I n, tollwisk (m); II vb, tollwiska. dream, vb, hunrosa; n, hunros (m), hunrosow (pl). dishes, pl n, lestri (mpl); to wash the dishes, phr, golhi dress, vb, gwiska; to dress oneself, vb, omwiska. an lestri. dress (frock), n, pows (f), powsyow (pl). dispatch, vb, danvon; danon (RLC). dresser (furniture), n, lestrier (m), lestrieryow (pl). displeased, adj, drog pes. dressing gown, n, mantel nos (f), mantylli nos (pl). dishonour, I n, disenor (m); II vb, disenora. drill, I n, tarder (m), terder (pl); II vb, telli. distance, I n, pelder (m), pelderyow (pl); a short drink, I n, diwes (m), diwosow (pl); II vb, eva. distance, n phr, pols (m), polsyow (pl); II to distance drive, vb, lewya; lewa (RLC). oneself, to withdraw, vb, ombellhe‧, avoydya. driver, n, lewyer (m), lewyoryon (pl). distant, adj, pell. drop (fluid), n, banna (m), badna (m, RLC), banahow distinct, adj, diblans. (pl); (tear drop) dager (m), dagrow (pl). district, n, ranndir (m), ranndiryow (pl). drown, vb, beudhi. disturb, vb, ankresya. drum, n, tabour (m), tabouryow (pl). disturbance, n, ankresyans (m), ankresyansow (pl). drunk, adj, medhow. ditch, n, kleudh, (m), kleudhyow (pl). dry, adj, sygh; segh (RLC). dive, vb, sedhi. duchess, n, dukes (f), dukesow (pl). diver, n, sedher (m), sedhoryon (pl); deep-sea diver, duchy, n, duketh (f). frogman, n, sedher downvor (m), sedhoryon duck, n, hos (m), heyji (pl). dhownvor (pl). duckling, n, heyjik (m), heyjigow (pl). divide, vb, ranna; radna (RLC); divided by, vb phr, duke, n, duk (m), dukys (pl). rynnys gans; rydnys gen (RLC). dung, n, kawgh (m). do, vb, gul; gwul (RLC). dusk, n, mo (m). dock, n, (for ships) kay (m), kayow (pl); (plant) tavolen dustbin, n, atalgist (f), atalgistyow (pl). (f), tavol (coll). duster, n, kweth ponn (f), kwethow ponn (pl); kweth doctor, n, (medical) medhek (m), medhygyon (pl); podn (f, RLC), kwethow podn (pl, RLC). medhoges (f), medhogesow (pl); (title) doktour (m), dustpan, n, padel bonn (f), padellow ponn (pl); padel doktours (pl); doctor’s surgery, n, medhegva (f), bodn (f, RLC), padellow podn (pl, RLC). medhegvaow (pl). duty, n, (responsibility) dever (m); (tax) toll (f), tollow

13 (pl). endure, vb, (last) pesya; pejya (RLC); (tolerate) perthi. duvet, n, kolhes (f), kolhesow (pl). enemy, n, eskar (m), eskerens (pl). dwarf, n, korr (m), korryon (pl); korres (f), koresow energy, n, nerth (m), nerthow (pl). (pl, f). engine, n, jynn (m), jynnow (pl), jynnys (pl); engine dwell, vb, triga. house, n, jynnji (m), jynnjiow (pl). dwelling, n, annedh (f), adnedh (f, RLC); anedhow (pl). engineer, n, ynjynor (m), ynjynoryon (pl); ynjynores (f), ynjynoresow (pl). E, e engineering, n, ynjynorieth (f). England, n, Pow Sows (m); Pow an Sowson (m). each, I adj, pub; II prn, kettep; peub. English, adj, sowsnek; English Language, n, Sowsnek eager, adj, freth. (m); English speaker, n, Sowsneger (m), eagerness, n, frethter (m); mall (m); I am eager to meet Sowsnegoryon (pl); English person, n, Sows (m), Sowson (pl); Sowses (f), Sowsesow (pl). her, phr, mall yw genev a vetya gensi. 2 eagle, n, er (m), eryon (pl), eres (pl). enjoy, vb, enjoya; kemeres plesour dre ; bos da gans; ear, n, skovarn (f), skovornow (pl); diwskovarn (dl). (to enjoy oneself) omlowenhe‧. early, adv, a-varr. enough, adj, lowr; luck; good enough, phr, da lowr. earn, vb, dendil. enormous, adj, kowrek; hujes [ˈhɪwʤəz] (RLC). earth, n, dor (m); Earth (planet), n, (an) Norvys (m). enter, vb, entra. earthworm, n, bulugen (f), buluk (coll). enthusiastic, adj, gwresek. easel, n, margh skrifa (m), mergh skrifa (pl). entirely, adv, oll. east, I adj, est; II n, est (m); howldrehevel (m). envelope, n, mayler (m), maylers (pl). Easter, n, Pask (m). environment, n, kerhynnedh (m), kerhydnedh (m, easy, adj, es; easier, cmp, esya; (comfortable) atte‧s. RLC); kerhynedhow (pl). eat, vb, dybri; debri (RLC). environmentalist, n, kerhynedhor (m), edge, n, amal (m), emlow (pl). kerhynedhoryon (pl); kerhynedhores (f), egg, n, oy (m), oyow (pl); to lay eggs, vb phr, dedhwi; kerhynedhoresow (pl). not worth an egg, fig, ny dal oy; egg cup, n, hanaf oy epistle, n, epystyl (m), epystlys (pl). (m), hanafow oy (pl). equal, I adj, par; kehaval; II n, par (m), parow (pl); eight, card num, eth; eighth, ord num, ethves; abbr, pares (f), paresow (pl). 8ves. equipment, n, daffar (m). eighteen, card num, etek; eighteenth, ord num, etegves; err, vb, (in deed) kammwul; (in thought) kammdybi; abbr, 18ves. kabmdybi (RLC). either ... or, conj, po ... po; poke‧n ... po. error, n, (in deed) kammwrians (m), kammwriansow elbow, n, elin (m), elinyow (pl), dewelin (dl). (pl); (in thought) kammdybyans (m), electric, adj, tredanek. kammdybyansow (pl); kabmdybyans (m, RLC), electrician, n, tredaner (m), tredanoryon (pl). kabmdybyansow (pl, RLC). electricity, n, tredan (m); electric train, n, tren escalator, n, jynn yskyn (m), jynnow yskyn (pl). tredanek (m), trenow tredanek (pl). escape, vb, diank; jank (RLC). electrify, vb, tredanhe‧. estuary, n, heyl (m), heylyow (pl). elephant, n, olifans (m), olifanses (pl). et cetera, etc., phr, hag erel, abbr, h.e. eleven, card num, unnek; udnek (RLC). eternal, adj, dibe‧nn; heb diwedh. eleventh, ord num, unnegves; udnegves (RLC); abbr, even, I adj, (balanced) kompes; (of numbers) parow; 11ves. II adv, hoge‧n. {Hogen is always the last word in a else, adj, ken; or else, conj, poke‧n. clause.} e-mail, I n, e-bost (m), e-bostow (pl); II vb, e-bostya. evening, n, gorthuher (m), gorthuherow (pl); evening emphasis, n, poos (m), posow (pl). time, adv, gorthuherweyth; this evening, adv, employment, n, soodh (f), sodhow (pl). haneth; last evening, adv, nyhewer. empty, I adj, gwag; II vb, gwakhe‧. ever, adv, (in the past) bythkweth; byskath (RLC); enclose, vb, degea(s); enclose with a hedge, vb phr, bykken; bynari; bynitha; (in the pres. or fut.) nevra; keas. for ever, adv phr, bys vykken. enclosure, n, garth (m), garthow (pl); park (m), parkow ever, adj, prest. (pl). every, adj, pub; every day, adv, pub dydh; pub dedh encounter, vb, metya; dierbynna; to encounter (RLC). somebody, vb phr, metya orth nebonan. everyone, prn, pubonan. end, I vb, diwedha; II n, diwedh (m); penn (m), pennow everything, prn, puptra‧. (pl); pedn (m, RLC), pednow (pl, RLC); fin (f), finyow evil, n, drog; tebel; {Note: The adjective ‘tebel’ stands (pl); end to end, phr, hys-ha-hys; hes-ha-hes (RLC). before the noun it describes; ‘drog’ can stand before or

14 after the noun.} evil person, n, tebel (m), tebeles (pl). farmer, n, tiek (m), tiogow (pl), tiogyon (pl); tioges (f), ewe, n, davas (f), deves (pl); ewe lamb, n, ones (f), tiogesow (pl). onesow (pl). farmhouse, n, chi tiek (m), chiow tiek (pl); chei tiek exact, adj, kewar. (m, RLC), treven tiek (pl, RLC). exactly, adv, pora‧n fashion, n, gis (m); geis (m, RLC); according to the examine, vb, apposya. fashion, adv phr, herwydh an gis; follower of examination, n, apposyans (m), apposyansow (pl). fashion, n, holyer gis; out of fashion, phr, yn-mes a’n example, n, ensampel (m), ensamplow (pl), ensamplys gis. (pl). fashionable, adj, kelvydh. except, conj, marnas; saw. fart, I n, bramm (m), bremmyn (pl); brabm (m, RLC), excuse, I n, askus (m), askusyow (pl); II vb, askusya. brebmyn (pl, RLC); II vb, bramma; brabma (RLC). exercise, I vb, (physical) omoberi; (try out) assaya; fast, adj, uskis. ’saya; (test oneself) omassaya; (practise) practisya; fat, adj, tew. II n, assay (m), assays (pl); ober (m), oberow (pl); father, n, tas (m), tasow (pl); Father Christmas, n, Tas praktis (m), praktisyow (pl). Nadelik; father-in-law, n, hwegron (m), exhort, vb, keski; ynia. hwegronyon (pl); sira da (m), sirys da (pl). expect, vb, (hope for) gwaytyas; desevos. fear, I n, own (m); II vb, doutya; the cat is frightened, expense, n, kost (m), kostys (pl). phr, yma own dhe’n gath; an gath a’s teves own; for expensive, adj, kostek. fear, because of fear, lest, conj, rag own, rag dout; extend, vb, ystyn. I shouted for fear that you would fall, phr, my a extension, n, ystynnans (m), ystydnans (m, RLC), armas rag own ty dhe godha. ystynansow (pl). fearful, adj, ownek. extent, n, hys (m); hes (m, RLC). feather, n, pluven (f), pluvennow (pl), pluvednow (pl, extremely, adv, fest. RLC); (plumage) coll n, pluv (coll). eye, n, lagas (m), lagasow (pl), lagajow (pl, RCL), feast, (festival) n, gool (m), golyow (pl); feastday, n, dewlagas (dl), dowlagas (dl, RLC). dy’gol (m); (convivial event, party), n, kevewi (m), eyebrow, n, abrans (m), abransow (pl), dewabrans (dl), kevewiow (pl). dowabrans (dl, RLC). February, n, Hwevrel (m); mis Hwevrel (m); Hwevrer (m); mis Hwevrer (m). F, f feed, vb, maga. feel, vb, klewes; klowes (RLC); (to be aware) omglewes; omglowes (RLC). face, n, bejeth (f), bejethow (pl); enep (m), enebow (pl); fellow, n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl). greuv (m); fas (m), fassow (pl); face paint, n, paynt felt-tip pen, n, pluven leuvban (f), pluvennow leuvban bejeth (m), payntow bejeth (pl). (pl), pluvednow leuvban (pl, RLC). facing, prp, a-dal; a-doal (RLC). female, I n, benynreydh (f); II adj, benow. factory, n, gweythva (f), gweythvaow (pl). feminine, adj, gwregel; (grammatical gender) adj, fail, vb, fyllel, fail to, vb, fyllel a2 + verb. benow; feminine noun/word, n phr, ger benow. failure, n, fall (m), faladow (m). fence, n, kloos (f), klosyow (pl). faint, vb, klamdera. fern, n, redenen (f), reden (coll). fairy, n, spyrys (m), spyrysyon (pl), spyryjyon (pl). ferry, I n, kowbal (m), kowbalow (pl); ferry crossing, n, fair, I adj, (attractive) teg; gwynn; gwydn (RLC); kowbalhyns (m), kowbalhynsow (pl); kowbalhens (colouring) melyn; (just) ewn; II n, (relaxation) fer (m, RLC), kowbalhensow (pl, RLC); II vb, tretha. (m), feryow (pl); gool (m), golyow (pl). festival, n, gool (m), golyow (pl). fairground, n, ferla (m), ferleow (pl). fetch, vb, kerhes. fake, adj, fug. few, I adj, bohes; nebes (before singular count nouns fall, vb, kodha. or plural mass nouns); II n, nebes (m). falter, vb, hockya. fie!, int, fi!; agh! false, adj, fals. field, n, park (m), parkow (pl): gwel (m), gwelyow (pl). family, n, teylu (m), teyluyow (pl). fifteen, card num, pymthek; pemdhek (RLC). fancy dress, n, gwisk kevewi (m). fifteenth, ord num, pymthegves; pemdhekves (RLC); far, adj, pell. abbr, 15ves. fame, n, gerda‧ (m). fifth, ord num, pympes; pempes (RLC); abbr, 5es. famous, adj, gerys da. fiftieth, ord num, hanterkansves; abbr, 50ves. familiar, adj, koth; aswonys: ajwonys (RLC). fifty, card num, hanterka‧ns, hanterkansow (pl); deg farewell, int, farwe‧ll. ha dew-ugens. farm, n, bargen tir (m), bargenyow tir (pl), bargenys fight, vb, o‧mladh. {Note: Easily confused with the verb tir (pl).

15 omla‧dha, ‘to commit suicide’.} flight, n, neyj (m), neyjow (pl). file, n, (document; computer) restren (f), restrennow flipper, n, botasen balvek (f), botas palvek (coll). (pl), restrednow (pl, RLC); filing cabinet, n, float, I n, (for fishing) neuvel (f), neuvellow (pl); II vb, restrenva (f), restrenvaow (pl); (tool), n, liv (f), neuvella; neyja. livyow. floor, n, leur (m), leuryow (pl). fill, vb, lenwel, leunhe‧; fill with, vb, lenwel a2. flour, n, bleus (m), bleusyow (pl), bleujyow (pl, RLC). film I n, (cinema) fylm (m); (covering), kennen (f), flow (of liquids and powders), vb, resek. kenennow (pl); kednen (f, RLC), kenednow (pl, RLC); flower, I n, bleujen (f), bleujyow (coll); flour (m), II vb, (to make a film) fylmya; to coat with film, vb, flourys (pl); II vb. bleujyowa; flower bed, n phr, kenna; kedna (RLC). bleujowek (f), bleujowegi (pl). filthy, adj, plos. fluent, adj, freth. fin, n, askel (f), eskelli (pl), ’skelli (pl, RLC). flutter, vb, terneyja. finally, adv, wor’tiwedh, wos’tiwedh. fly, I n, kelyonen (f), kelyon (coll); bluebottle fly, n, find, vb, kavos; to find oneself (situated), vb, omgavos. kelyonen gig (f), kelyon kig (coll); II vb, neyja. fine I adj, (beautiful) teg; (excellent) brav; (healthy) foam, n, ewynen (f), ewyn (coll). yagh; II n, (penalty) spal (m), spalyow (pl); III vb, fog, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). spala. fold, vb, plegya. finger, n, bys (m), bes (m, RLC), besies (pl); index follow, vb, (physical) holya; (outcome) sewya, finger, n, bys rag (m); bes rag (m, RLC); middle omsewya. finger, n, bys kres (m); bes kres (m, RLC) ring finger, food, n, boos (m). n, bys bysow (m); bes besow (m, RLC); little finger, n fool, n, gocki (m), gockies (pl). phr, bys byhan (m); bes bian (m, RLC). foolish, adj, gocki; fol. finish, vb, gorfenna; gorfedna (RLC). foot, n, (anatomy) troos (m), treys (pl), dewdros (dl); fire, I n, tan (m), tanyow (pl); on fire, phr, gans tan; (base) ben (m), benyow (pl); (length) troos hys (m), II vb, (fire a weapon) tenna; fire engine, n, jynn tan treys hys (pl); on foot, adv, a droos. (m), jynnow tan (pl), jynnys tan (pl, RLC). football, n, pel droos (f), pelyow troos (pl). firefighter, n, tangasor (m), tangasoryon (pl); footpath, n, trolergh (m), trolerhow (pl). tangasores (f), tangasoresow (pl); den difudhi (m), for (in order to, for the purpose of), prp, rag; for ever, tus dhifudhi (pl); benen dhifudhi (m), benenes phr, bys vykken. difudhi (pl). forbid, vb, difen. fireplace, n, oles (f), olesow (pl). force, n, fors. firewood, n, keunysen (f), keunys (coll); kunys (coll, forefather, n, hendas (m), hendasow (pl); ragdas (m), RLC). ragdasow (pl). firework, n, tanweythen (f), tanweyth (coll). forehead, n, tal (m), talyow (pl); toal (m, RLC), toalyow firm (steadfast), adj, fyrv. (pl, RLC). first, ord num, kynsa; kensa (RLC); abbr, 1a. forenoon, n, myttin (m), myttinyow (pl); mettin (m, fish, n, pysk (m), pesk (m, RLC), puskes (pl); fish tank, RLC), mettinyow (pl, RLC); kynseghwa (m); n, tank puskes (m), tankow puskes (pl). kenjoghwa (m, RLC); myttinweyth (m). fisherman, n, pyskador (m), pyskadoryon (pl); forest, n, koos (m), kosow (pl). peskajor (m, RLC), peskajors (pl, RLC). forget, vb, ankevi; nakevi (RLC). fish, vb, pyskessa; pyskecha (RLC). fork, n, (tool) forgh (f), fergh (pl); (Y-shape) gowl (f), fishing boat, n, kok (m), kokow (pl). gowlow (pl). fishing rod, n, gwelen byskessa (f), gwelynni pyskessa forked, adj, gowlek. (pl). form, I n, (shape) furv (f), furvow (pl); form (m), fishpond, n, pysklyn (f), pysklynnow (pl); pesklyn (f, formow (pl), formys (pl, RLC); II vb, furvya. RLC), pesklydnow (pl, RLC). former, adj, kyns, kens (RLC). fist, n, dorn (m), dornow (pl), dewdhorn (dl); fistful, n, formerly, adv, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC); kyns; kens dornas (m), dornasow (pl). (RLC). fit (healthy), adj, yagh. fort, n, din (m), dinyow (pl); dinas (m), dinasow (pl); five, card num, pymp; pemp (RLC). hill fort, n, ker (m), keryow (pl). fix, I fasten, affix, vb, staga; II repair, vb, ewnhe‧. fortnight, n, hanter mis (m), hanter misyow (pl). flesh, n, kig (m), kigyow (pl). forthwith, adv, a-dhesempis; ’dhesempis. flag, n, baner (m), baneryow (pl), baners (pl). fortunate, adj, feusik; fujik (RLC); gwynnvys. flame, n, flamm (m), flammow (pl). forward(s), adv, (in the direction of) war-rag; (motion) flash, vb, luhesi. yn-rag; to go forward, vb, mos yn-rag. flat I adj, plat; gwastas; II n, (apartment) rannji (m), foul, adj, hager. rannjiow (pl). found, vb, fondya; grondya; selya.

16 foundation, n, fondyans (m), fondyansow (pl); dywar; dhywar; from here, adv, alemma; alebma fondacyon (m), fondacyons (pl); grond (m); sel (m), (RLC); from there, adv, alena; (temporal; since) a- selyow (pl); foundation stone, n, selven (m), selveyn dhia. (pl); lay foundations, vb, fondya, grondya. front, I adj, a-rag; II adv, (in front of) a-rag; III n, tal fountain, n, fenten (f), fentynnyow (pl), fentydnyow (m), toal (m, RLC), talyow (pl); (front of body) greuv (pl, RLC). (m). four, card num, peswar (m), pajar (RLC); peder (f). frost, n, rew (m), rewyow (pl). fourfooted, adj, peswartrosek frown, vb, plegya tal; talgamma; brendya (RLC). fourteen, card num, peswardhek. frozen, adj, rewys. fourteenth, ord num, peswardhegves; abbr, 14ves. fruit, n, frothen (f), frooth (coll); frut (m), frutys (pl). fourth, ord num, peswora; pajwora (RLC); abbr, 4a. fruit juice, n, sugen frooth (m), sugenyow frooth (pl). fox, n, lowarn (m), lewern (pl); fox-cub, n, lowarnik fry, vb, fria. (m), lewernigow (pl). frying pan, n, leswedh (m), leswedhow (pl); lecher (m, fragile, adj, hedor. RLC), lechers (pl, RLC). fragment, I n, darn (m), darnow (pl); tamm (m), fulfil, vb, kewera; kollenwel. temmyn (pl); tabm (m), tebmyn (pl; RLC); II vb, full, adj, leun; full of, adj, leun a2; full grown, adj, omvrewi; omvrowi (RLC). kowldevys. fragmentation, n, omvrewyans (m); omvrowyans fun, n, gwari (m), gwariow (pl); delit (m); to make fun (RLC). of, vb, gul ges a2. frail, adj, gwann; gwadn (RLC); brottel. furniture, n, mebel (m). France, n, (Pow) Frynk (m); (Pow) Frenk (m, RLC). further, adj, pella; any further, adv, na3 fella (usually in frank, adj, frank. negative sentences). free, adj, (unrestrained) rydh; frank; to set free, vb, furze (gorse), n, eythinen (f), eythin (coll). delivra; rydhhe‧; (cut loose) lewsel; lowsel (RLC); future, n, termyn a dheu (m), termynyow a dheu (pl); freely, adv, yn frank; yn rydh; (free of cost) adj, heb termyn a vedn dos (m, RLC). kost. freeze, vb, rewi. G, g freezer, n, rewer (m), reworyon (pl). freight, n, fres (m); karg (m), kargow (pl). gabble, vb, klappya. French, adj, frynkek; frenkek (RLC); Frenchman, n, gadfly, n, kelyonen vargh (f), kelyon margh (coll). Frynk (m), Frynkyon (pl); Frenk (m, RLC), Frenkyon Gaelic, I adj, godhalek; II n, Godhalek (m). (pl, RLC); French woman, n, Frynkes (f), Frynkesow gain, I n, gwayn (m), gwaynyow (pl); les (m); II vb, (pl); Frenkes (f, RLC), Frenkesow (pl, RLC); French gwaynya. language, n, Frynkek (m); Frenkek (pl, RLC). galaxy, n, galaksi (f), galaksiow (pl). frequency, n, menowghter (m). gallery, n, (balcony) soler (m), soleryow (pl); frequent, vb, daromres. (exhibition room) mirva (f), mirvaow (pl). frequently, adv, menowgh; yn fenowgh. gallon, n, gallon (m), gallons (pl). fresh, adj, fresk, yr; (new) nowyth; (brand new) flamm gallows, n, krogbren (m), krogbrennyer (pl), nowyth; (of food) kro; (raw, uncooked) kriv. krogbrednyer (pl, RLC); kloghbrennyer (pl), Friday, n, Gwener (m); dy’Gwener (m); de’Gwener (m, kloghbrednyer (pl, RLC). RLC); Good Friday, n, dy’Gwener an Grows (m); galore, adj, lowr a2; prizes galore, phr, lowr a bewasow. de’Gwener an Grows (m, RLC); Friday night, n phr, gamble, vb, hapwari. dy’Gwener dhe nos. game, n, (play) gwari (m), gwariow (pl); board game, n, fridge (refrigerator), n, yeynel (f), yeynellow (pl). gwari bord (m), gwariow bord (pl); card game, n, fried, adj, friys; fried egg, n phr, oy friys (m). gwari kartennow (m), gwariow kartennow (pl); friend, n, koweth (m), kowetha (pl); kowethes (f), Olympic Games, n, Gwariow Olympek (pl); role kowethesow (pl); (comrade) kothman (m), playing game (RPG), n, gwari rann (m), gwariow kothmans (pl); (mate) sos (m, sg & pl); (familiar rann (pl); gwari radn (m, RLC), gwariow radn (pl, friend) koth (m). RLC); gwari rolys (m), gwariow rolys (pl); video fright, n, own (m); to take fright, vb phr, kemeres own. game, n, gwari gwydhyow (m), gwariow gwydhyow frightful, adj, grysel; euthyk; ithik (RLC). 2 (pl); to play a double game, phr, gwari gans/gen frighten, vb, ownekhe‧; gorra own dhe . gwelen dhewblek; (animals) gam (m), helgik (m). frock, n, pows (f), powsow (pl). gang, n, para (m), parys (pl); bagas (m), bagasow (pl), frog, n, kwilkyn (m), kwilkynyow (pl). 2 bagajow (pl, RLC). from, prp, (local) dhyworth; dorth (RLC); a ; from gangster, n, bilen (m), bilenys (pl). beneath, from under, prp, a-dhann; a-dhadn (RLC); gangway, n, tremenva (f), tremenvaow (pl). from on, from over, from on top of, prp, a-dhywar; gaol, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl).

17 garage, n, karrji (m), karrjiow (pl). ginger, n, jynjyber (coll); jynjer (coll, RLC). garden, n, lowarth (m), lowar’ (m, RLC); lowarthyow giraffe, n, jira‧f (m), jirafes (pl). (pl). girdle, n, grugys (m), grugysow (pl); kengrel (f), garlic, n, keninen (f), kennin (coll). kengrellow (pl); kyngel (f), kynglow (pl). gas, n, gas (m), gassys (pl). girl, n, mowes (f), mowysi (pl); mos (f, RLC), mosi (pl, gate, n, yet (f), yettys (pl); porth (m), por’ (m, RLC), RLC). porthow (pl). girlfriend, n, kares (f), karesow (pl). gather, vb, kuntel. give, vb, ri; rei (RLC); give back, vb phr, ri arta; rei arta gay, adj, (joyful) lowenek; (homosexual) kethreydhel. (RLC); give up, vb, daskor; give way, vb, plegya; give gear, n, taklen (f), taklow (pl); daffar (m); (mechanical) or take, phr, a-dro dhe2. maglen (f), maglennow (pl), maglednow (pl, RLC). glad, adj, lowen. gender, n, reydh (f), reydhow (pl). glade, n, lannergh (m), lanerhi (pl). general, I adj, ollgemmyn; ollgebmyn (RLC); je‧neral; gland, n, gwagren (f), gwagrennow (pl), gwagrednow II n, (army) pennhembrenkyas (m), (pl, RLC). pennhembrynkysi (pl); je‧neral (m), je‧nerals (pl). glass, n, (material; mirror) gweder (m); (vessel) generally, adv, dre vras. gwedren (f), gwedrennow (pl), gwedrednow (pl, generate, vb, dinythi; dinethi (RLC). RLC). genius, n, (muse) awen (f); (person) awenydh (m), glasses (spectacles), n, golokwedrow (pl); dewweder awenydhyon (pl); awenydhes (f), awenydhesow (pl). (dl). gentle, adj, hweg; jentil. glassful, n, gwedrennas (f), gwedrednas (f, RLC), gentleman, n, den jentil (m), tus jentil (pl). gwedrenasow (pl). gentlewoman, n, benyn jentil (f), benynes jentil (pl). gleam, vb, lentri. gently, adv, yn kosel, dre dekter. gleaming, adj, lentrus; splann; spladn (RLC). genuine, adj, lel; gwir; gwiryon. glide, vb, slynkya. geography, n, doronieth (f). gloat, vb, gorawena. geometry, n, mynsonieth (f); mensonieth (f, RLC). global, adj, ollvysel; ollvesel (RLC); global warming, n German, adj, almaynek; German person, n, Alman (m), phr, tommheans ollvysel; tobmheans ollvesel (RLC). Almanyon (pl); Almanes (f), Almanesow (pl); globe, n, pel an norvys (f), pelyow an norvys (pl). German language, n, Almaynek (m); German gloomy, adj, tewal; trist. shepherd dog, n, ki bleydh (m), keun bleydh (pl). glorious, adj, gloryus. Germany, top, Almayn (m); Germani (m). glory, n, glori (m); golowder (m); gordhyans (m). get, vb, kavos; (obtain) kerhes; kawas (RLC); get along, glove, n, manek (f), manegow (pl). vb phr, kerdhes; get back, vb phr, kavos arta; get glow, I n, golow (m), golowys (pl); II vb, golowi. drunk, vb phr, medhwi; get ill, phr, kodha klav; glue, I n, glus (m), glusow (pl); II vb, glusa. kodha kloav (RLC); get on, vb, spedya; seweni; gnat, n, gwibesen (f), gwibes (coll). soweni (RLC); get out of here!, phr, voyd alemma!; gnome, n, korrik (m), korrigow (pl); (mine spirit) voyd alebma (RLC); get ready, vb, ombareusi; get knoukyer (m), knoukyers (pl); (goblin) bocka (m), round to do, phr, kavos chons dhe wul; get wind of bockas (pl), bockyas (pl); garden gnome, n, korrik something, phr, klewes son a neppy‧th; get up, vb, lowarth (m), korrigow lowarth (pl). sevel; I have got, vb phr, yma dhymm; ma dhybm go, vb, mos; go away, avodya; mos dhe ves; go down, (RLC); my a’m beus. vb, diyskynna; deskydnya (RLC); go out, vb, mos yn- ghastly, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC); skruthus. mes; (of a flame) merwel; go up, vb, yskynna; ghetto, n, getto (m), gettos (pl). ’skydnya (RLC); mos a-mann (RLC). ghost, n, tarosvan (m), tarosvannow (pl), tarosvadnow goal, n, (aim) amkan (m), amkanow (pl); kosten (f), (pl, RLC); good ghost, n phr, bocka gwynn (m), kostennow (pl), kostednow (pl, RLC); towl (m), bock(y)as wynn (pl); bocka gwydn (m, RLC), towlow (pl); (sports) gol (m), golyow (pl). bock(y)as wydn (pl, RLC); bad ghost, n phr, bocka du goat, n, gaver (f), gever (pl), gyvres (pl); he-goat, n, (m), bock(y)as dhu (pl); ghost train, n, tren tarosvan bogh (m), bohas (pl). (m), trenow tarosvan (pl); give up the ghost, phr, goblin, n, bocka (m), bock(y)as (pl). daskor y enev. god, n, duw (m), duwow (pl); (Christian God) Duw; God ghostly, adj, tarosvannus; tarosvadnus (RLC). bless!, phr, Duw re sewena!; Dursona! gift, n, ro (m), rohow (pl). goddess, n, duwes (f), duwesow (pl). gifted (talented), adj, konnyk; kodnyk (RLC). godchild, n, flogh besydh (m), flehes vesydh (pl); flogh gigabyte (GB), n, gigabayt (m), gigabaytys (pl); abbr, bejedh (m, RLC), flehes vejedh (pl, RLC). GB. godfather, n, tas besydh (m), tasow vesydh (pl); tas gill (of fish), n, brynken (f), brynk (coll). bejedh (m, RLC), tasow vejedh (pl, RLC). gin (drink), n, jynevra (m). godmother, n, mamm vesydh (f), mammow besydh

18 (pl); mabm vejedh (f, RLC), mabmow bejedh (pl, grandparents, n pl, kerens wynn (pl); kerens wydn (pl, RLC). RLC). goggle-eyed, adj, lagasek; lagajek (RLC). grandson, n, mab wynn (m), mebyon wynn (pl); mab gold, n, owr (m). wydn (m, RLC), mebyon wydn (pl, RLC). golden, adj, owrek; owryek (RLC). grape, n, grappa (m), grappys (pl), grappow (pl). goldfish n, owrbysk (m), owrbesk (m, RLC), owrbuskes grapefruit, n, aval paradhis (m), avalow paradhis (pl). (pl). graphical, adj, grafegel; graphical user interface (GUI), gone, adj, gyllys. n, ynterfas usyer grafegel (m); abbr, YUG. good, adj, da; (morally good, respectable) mas; good graphics, n pl, grafek (f). morning!, phr, myttin da!; mettin da! (RLC); grasp, I n, dalhen (f), dalhennow (pl), dalhednow (pl, goodbye!, phr, Duw genes/genowgh!; good day!, RLC); gavel (f), gavelyow (pl); II vb, dalhenna; phr, dydh da!; dedh da! (RLC); Durda‧dhehwi!; dalhedna (RLC); synsi; senji (RLC). Durda‧dhehwei! (RLC); Duw roy dydh da dhywgh grass, n, gwels (coll); blade of grass, n, gwelsen (f); hwi! (RMC); good evening!, phr, gorthuher da!; good grass roots support, n phr, skoodhyans an bobel. heavens!, int, re Varia!; ’Ria!; good night!, phr, nos grateful, adj, grasek; grajek (RLC). da!; nosta‧dhehwi!; nosta‧dhehwei! (RLC); grave, n, bedh (m), bedhow (pl); grave stone, n, men Durnostadha! bedh (m), meyn bedh (pl). goodness, n, dadder (m); goodness knows!, phr, Duw gravel, n, grow (coll). hepken a wor! graveyard, n, bedhros (f), bedhrosow (pl); korflan (f), goods, n pl, gwara (coll); (possessions) pyth ha da; peth korflannow (pl). ha da (RLC); goods train, n, tren fres (m), trenow gravy, n, sugen (f); sugen gig (f). fres (pl). graze, vb, peuri; pori (RLC). goose, n, goodh (f), godhow (pl). great, I adj, meur; II int, splann!; bryntin!; brentin! gooseberry, n, growsen (f), grows (coll). (RLC) gorgeous, adj, splann; spladn (RLC). great-aunt, n, gorvodrep (f), gorvodrebedh (pl). gorilla, n, gorilla (m), gorilles (pl). Great Britain, top, Breten Veur. gorse, n, eythinen (f), eythin (coll). great-uncle, n, gorewnter (m), gorewntres (pl). gorseth, n, gorsedh (f), gorsedhow (pl). greed, n, krefni (f); pithneth (f). gosling, n, godhik (m), godhigow (pl). greedy, adj, kraf, pith. gossamer, n, gweun (m). Greek, I adj, grek; II n, (language) Greka; (person) Grek gossip, vb, kyhwedhla; phr, kesklappya yn unn (m), Grekys (pl); Grekes (f), Grekesow (pl). sklandra; phr, esedha war skavel an gow. green, adj, (natural) glas; (artificial) gwyrdh, gwer; government, n, governans (m), governansow (pl). dark green, adj, dulas; light green, adj, gwerwyn; gown, n, pows (f), powsyow (pl). the Green Party, n, an Parti Gwer; the Greens, n, an grace, n, gras (m), grassow (pl). Re Wer (pl). graceful, adj, grassyes; rasek. greenhouse, n, chi gweder (m), chiow gweder (pl); chei gracious, adj, debone‧r; grassyes. gweder (m, RLC), treven gweder (pl, RLC). grade, I n, gradh (m), gradhow (pl); II vb, gradhegi. greet, vb, dynerhi; saluji; wolkomma; wolkobma (RLC). gradual(ly), adj & adv, tamm ha tamm; tabm ha tabm greeting, n, dynnargh (m). (RLC). greetings, n pl, gorhemynadow; greetings! phr, lowena graduate, I n, gradhesik (m), gradhesigyon (pl); dhis! (sg)/lowena dhywgh! (pl). gradhesiges (f), gradhesigesow (pl); II vb, gradhya. grey, adj, loos; glas (also blue and green). grain, n, greunen (f), greun (coll). griddle, n, men pobas (m), meyn pobas (pl). gram(me), n, gramm (m), grammow (pl). grief, n, duwon (m); galar (m); anken (m); keudh (m), grammar, n, (rules; subject of school lessons) gramer keudhow (pl); (melancholy) moredh (m), moredhow (m); gramasek (f); (book) yethador (m). (pl). granary, n, greunva (f), greunvaow (pl). grieve, vb, (afflict) duwonhe‧; grevya; (mourn) galari. grand, adj, bryntin; brentin (RLC); brav; meur; uhel; grill, n, rastel (f), restel (pl). grand piano, n, piano bras (m), pianos bras (pl). grim, adj, asper; fell; garow. grandchild, n, flogh gwynn (m), flehes wynn (pl); flogh grind, vb, melyas; mala. gwydn (m, RLC), flehes gwydn (pl, RLC). grip, n, dalhen (f), dalhennow (pl), dalhednow (pl, grandfather, n, tas gwynn (m), tasow wynn (pl); sira RLC). wynn (m), sirys wynn (pl); sira wydn (m, RLC), sirys groan, I n, hanajen (f), hanajennow (pl), hanajednow wydn (pl, RLC). (pl, RLC); II vb, hanaja. grandmother, n, mamm wynn (f), mammow gwynn grocer, n, spiser (m), spisoryon (pl). (pl); dama wynn (f), damyow gwynn (pl); dama groceries, n, gwara boos (coll). wydn (f, RLC), damyow wydn (pl, RLC). grocery, n, spisti (m), spistiow (pl).

19 ground, n, dor (m); leur (m), leuryow (pl). hamster, n, hamster (m), hamsters (pl). group, n, bagas (m), bagasow (pl), bagajow (pl, RLC). hand, n, leuv (f), leuvyow (pl), diwleuv (dl), dowla (dl, grow, vb, tevi. RLC); dorn (m), dornow (pl); on the other hand, phr, grub, n, pryv (m), prev (m, RLC), preves (pl). yn fordh aral; shake hands, vb phr, shackya leuv. gruel, n, yos kergh (m). handful, n, dornas (m), dornasow (pl). guarantee, I n, mewgh (m), mewghyow (pl); II vb, handbag, n, tigen (f), tigennow (pl), tigednow (pl, RLC). mewghya. hand-luggage, n, fardellow dorn (pl). guard, I n, gwith (m); (person) gwithyas (m), gwithysi handball, n, (sport) pel dhorn (f); (offence in football) (pl); gwithyades (f), gwithyadesow (pl); II vb, dornbel (f), dornbelyow (pl). gwitha. handle, n, dornla (m), dornleow (pl). guardian, n, gwithyas (m), gwithysi (pl). handkerchief, n, lien dorn (m), lienyow dorn (pl). guess, vb, dismygi. handshake, n, shackyans leuv (m). guest, n, ostyas (m), ostysi (pl). handsome, adj, teg; semli. guide, I n, kevarwodher (m), kevarwodheryon (pl); hang, vb, kregi. kevarwodhores (f), kevarwodhoresow (pl); II vb, hang-glide, vb, ayrgregi. gidya. happen, vb, hwarvos; kodha; ’skynnya; ’skydnya (RLC); guilty, adj, kablus; not guilty, phr, ankablus. what’s happening?, phr, pandr’a hwer?; what has guinea pig, n, hogh Gyni (m), hohes Gyni (pl). happened to you?, phr, pandr’eus ’skydnys guitar, n, gitar (m), gitaryow (pl); electric guitar, n phr, warnowgh hwei? (RLC). gitar tredanek (m). happening, n, hwarvos (m), hwarvosow (pl). gulf, n, morblek (m), morblegow (pl). happiness, n, lowena (f). gull, n, golan (f), golanes (pl). happily, adv, yn lowen. gum, n, (anatomical) kig dens (m), kigyow dens (pl); happy, adj, lowen; lowenek. (substance) glus (m), glusyow (pl). harbour, n, porth (m), por’ (m, RLC), porthow (pl). gun, n, gonn (m), gonnys (pl); godn (m, RLC), godnys hard, adj, (tough) kales; hard disk, n, plasen gales (f), (pl, RLC). plasennow kales (pl), plasednow kales (pl, RLC); gunner, n, gonner (m), godner (m, RLC), gonoryon (pl). hard working, adj, diwysyk. gut, n, kolodhyonen (f), kolodhyon (coll). hardly, adv, skant (+ neg.); skantlowr. gutter, n, londer (m), londrys (pl). hardness, n, kaletter. guy, n, den (m), tus (pl); tough guy, n phr, smat (m), hardware (computer), n, kalesweyth (m). smatys (pl). hare, n, skovarnek (m), skovarnogyon (pl), gymnasium, n, hel sport (f), helyow sport(pl). skovarnoges (pl). gymnastics, n, gymnastek (m); lappyans (m); perform harmonica, n, harmo‧nika (f), harmo‧nikas (pl). gymnastics, vb phr, lappya. harmonise, vb, kesseni. hat, n, hat (m), hattow (pl), hattys (pl); (broad- H, h brimmed hat) diber dowr (m), dibrow dowr (pl). hate, I n, kas (m); II vb, kasa; hatya; I hate, phr, kas yw haddock, n, korrvarvus (m), korrvarvusi (pl). genev. hail, n, keser (coll); hailstone, n, keseren (f), hateful, adj, kasadow. keserennow (pl), keserednow (pl, RLC); II vb, haunch, n, mordhos (m), mordhosow (pl); pedren (f), (greeting) dynerhi; (weather) gul keser. pedrennow (pl), pedrednow (pl, RLC), diwbedren hair, n, blewen (f), blew (coll); gols (coll). (dl); pachen (coll, RLC). hairdresser, n, kempenner gols (m), kempenoryon have, vb, kavos; kawas (RLC); I have, vb phr, yma wols (pl); kempenores wols (f), kempenoresow gols dhymm; ma dhybm (RLC); y’m beus; I have with me, (pl); dyghtyer gols (m), dyghtyoryon wols (pl); phr, yma genev; ma gene’vy (RLC); to have a bath, dyghtyores wols (f), dyghtyoresow gols (pl); phr, omdroghya; gul tronkys; have to, vb phr, bos res barbour (m), barbours (pl). dhe. half, n, hanter (m); half-hearted, adj, mygyl; half hour, hawk, n, hok (m), hokys (pl). n, hanter our (m); half time, n, hanter prys (m); hawthorn, n, spernen wynn (f), spern gwynn (coll); hanter pres (RLC); halfway, adj, hanter an fordh; spernen wydn (f, RLC), spern gwydn (coll, RLC). hanter an for’ (RLC); half-wit, n, skogyn (m), hay, n, gora (m). skogynnow (pl), skogydnow (pl, RLC). haystack, n, das wora (f), deys gora (pl). hall, n, hel (f), helyow (pl). haze, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). halt, I n, savla (f), savleow (pl); II vb, hedhi; sevel; he, prn, ev; (enclitic) e(v); va; (infixed) ’n. powes. head, n, penn (m), pennow (pl); pedn (m, RLC), ham, n, mordhos hogh (f). pednow (pl, RLC). hammer, n, morthol (m), mortholyow (pl). headache, n, drog penn (m), drogow penn (pl).

20 headland, n, penn tir (m), pennow tir (pl); pedn tir (m, alebma (RLC); here is, phr, otta; ottomma; ottobma RLC), pednow tir (pl, RLC). (RLC). headquarters, n, pennplas (m), pennplasow (pl); herring, n, hernen wynn (f), hern gwynn (coll); henen pednplas (m, RLC), pednplasow (pl, RLC). wydn (f, RLC), hern gwydn (coll, RLC). headlight, n, pennlugarn (m), pennlugern (pl); herself, prn, hy honan. pednlugarn (m, RLC), pednlugern (pl, RLC). hesitate, vb, hockya. heal, vb, yaghhe‧; sawya. hesitation, n, hockyans (m), hockyansow (pl). health, n, yehes (m); ’ehes (m, RLC); good health! heterosexual, adj, kenreydhek. cheers!, phr, yehes da!; ’ehes! (RLC). hi!, int, hou! yow! healthy, adj, (not ill) yagh; (health-giving) yahus. hidden, adj, kudh. heap, n, bern (m), bernyow (pl); grahel (f), grahellow hide, I n, (skin) krohen (f), krehyn (pl); II vb, (h. (pl). something) kudha ; (h. oneself) omgudha. hear, vb, klewes; klowes (RLC); hear about, vb phr, hideous, adj, hager {Hager precedes the noun.} klewes a2; klowes a2 (RLC); hear from someone, vb hideout, n, kovva (f), kovvaow (pl); kudhva (f, RMC), phr, klewes gans; klowes gen (RLC). kudhvaow (pl, RMC). heart, n, kolon (f), kolonnow (pl); heart attack, n, high, adj, uhel; high jump, vb, ughlamma; ughlebmel powes an golon (m); shora kolon (m). (RLC); high place, n, ardh (m), ardhow (pl). heat, I n, tes (m), tomder (m); II vb, tesa; tommhe‧; higher, adj, gwartha. tobmhe (RLC). highlight, vb, golowboyntya. heath, n, kekesow (coll). hill, n, bre (f), breow (pl); bronn (m), bronnow (pl); heather, n, grug (m), grugow (pl). brodn (m, RLC), brodnow (pl, RLC); (big hill) heating, n, tommheans (m); tobmheans (m, RLC). menydh (m), menedh (m, RLC), menydhyow (pl). heaven, n, nev (m), nevow (pl). {In place-names often mena.} heavy, adj, poos. hillside, n, run (f), runyow (pl). hedge, n, ke (m), keow (pl); (low or broken down him, prn, ev; of him, prp prn, anodho; to him, prp prn, hedge) gorge (m), gorgeow (pl). dhodho; with him, prp prn, ganso; ganjo (RLC). hedgehog, n, sort (m), sortes (pl). himself, prn, y honan. heed, I n, fors; preder; II vb, kola orth; bos war; take hinder, vb, lettya. heed!, phr, kemmer with! (sg)/kemerewgh with! hint, n, hynt (m), hyntys (pl). (pl); kebmer with! (sg, RLC)/kemerowgh with! (pl, hip, n, klun (f), klunyow (pl), diwglun (dl). RLC). hippopotamus, n, dowrvargh (m), dowrvergh (pl). heel, n, seudhel (m), seudhelyow (pl). his, prn, y2. height, n, uhelder; (high place) ardh (m), ardhow (pl). hiss, vb, tythya; sia. heir, n, er (m), erys (pl). hit, I n, skwat (m), skwattow (pl); II vb, gweskel; held, adj, synsys; senjys (RLC). skwatya; skwatcha (RLC). helicopter, n, tro askel (f), troyow askel (pl). hitherto, adv, bys dhe’n eur ma; kyns lemmyn; kens hell, n, yfarn (m), yfarnow (pl); a hell of a noise, phr, lebmyn (RLC). tros yfarnek. history, n, i‧stori (m). hello! int, hou! yow! hobby, n, hobi (m), hobis (pl). helmet, n, basnet (m), basnettys (pl). hobby-horse, n, hobihors (m), hobihorsys (pl); (’Obby helter skelter, n, tour korslynk (m), touryow korslynk ’Oss) Penn Glas (m); Pedn Glas (m, RLC). (pl). hoe, n, kravel (f), kravellow (pl); (pick) pigel (f), help, I n, gweres (m); II vb, gweres; help me!, phr, pigellow (pl). gweres vy! (sg)/gweresewgh vy! (pl); help yourself!, hog, n, hogh (m), hohes (pl); torgh (m), torhes (pl). phr, tann dhis dha honan! hogweed, n, evoren (f), evor (coll); losowen vogh (f), helpful, adj, heweres. losow mogh (coll). helpless, adj, diweres. hold, vb, synsi; senji (RLC). hemp, n, kewarhen (f), kewargh (coll); kowarhen (f, hole, n, toll (m), tell (pl). RLC), kowar’ (coll, RLC). holed (perforated), adj, tollek; tellys. hen, n, yar (f), yer; hen-house, n, yerji (m), yerjiow holiday, n, dy’gol (m), dy’golyow (pl); de’gol (m, RLC), (pl). de’golyow (pl, RLC). hence, adv, (from here), ahanan; alemma; alebma hollow, I adj, kow; II n, kew (f), kewyow (pl); kow (f, (RLC). RLC), kowyow (pl, RLC). her, prn, hy3; of her, prp prn, anedhi; to her, prp prn, holy, adj, sans; the Holy Spirit, n phr, an Spyrys Sans dhedhi; with her, prp prn, gensi. (m). herb, n, losowen (f), losow (coll). home, n, tre (f), trevow (pl); at home, adv, tre; y’n chi; here, adv, omma; obma (RLC); from here, adv, alemma; e’n chei (RLC); from home, adv, a-dre; go home, vb

21 phr, mos tre; old people’s home, n, annedh tus koth lies; pes (+ sg noun); pyseu‧l; peseu‧l (RLC); how (f), adnedh tus koth (f, RLC), anedhow tus koth (pl). many times, phr, peskweyth; how much, phr, homely, adj, sempel; diflows. pygemmys; pegebmys (RLC); how often, phr, py lies homesick, adj, hirethek. termyn; pana lies gweyth (RLC). homewards, adv, dhe-dre. however, adv, byttegy‧ns; bettege‧ns (RLC). homework, n, ober tre (m), oberow tre (pl). howl, vb, oulya. homily, n, pregoth (m), pregothow (pl). hug, I n, byrlans (m), byrlansow (pl); II vb, byrla. homosexual, adj, kethreydhel. huge, adj, bras dres ehen; euthyk bras; hujes [ˈhɪwʤəz] honest, adj, onest. (RLC). honesty, n, onester. human, n, den (m), tus (pl). honey, n, mel (m). humankind, n, mab den (m); denses (coll). honour, I n, enor (m), enorys (pl); onour (m, RLC) humble, adj, uvel. onours (pl, RLC); II vb, enora. humour, n, hwarthuster (m). hook, n, higen (f), higennow (pl); bagh (f), bahow (pl). hundred, card num, kans (m), kansow (pl); a hundred hoop, n, kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl). times, phr, kanskweyth. hoop-la, n, kylhigow (pl). Hundred (administrative division), n, keverang (f), hope, n, govenek (m), govenegow (pl). keverangow (pl). hope, vb, gwaytyas; I hope, vb phr, yma govenek hundredfold, adv, kansplek. dhymm; ma govenek dhybm (RLC); govenek a’m hundredth, n, kansves (m), kansvesow (pl); ord num, beus {all followed by may5 + subjunctive}. kansves; abbr, 100ves. horizon, n, gorwel (m), gorwelyow (pl). hunger, n, nown (m). horizontal, adj, gorwelyek. hungry, adj, nownek; gwag {lit. ‘empty’}; I am hungry, horn, n, korn (m), kern (pl), dewgorn (dl). phr, yma‧ nown dhymm; ma nown dhybm (RLC); horrible, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC). nown a’m beus; gwag ov vy. horror, n, euth (m); browagh (m). hunt, vb, helhi. horse, n, margh (m), mergh (pl); to horse jump, vb, hurry, vb, fistena; hurry up!, phr, fisten! (sg)/ lamma margh; lebmel margh (RLC); horse racing, n, fistenewgh! (pl); I am in a hurry, phr, mall yw resek margh. genev. hosepipe, n, piben dhowr (f), pibennow dowr (pl), hurt, vb, I shyndya; pystiga; hurtya; II adj, shyndys. pibednow dowr (pl, RLC). husband, n, gour (m), gwer (pl). hospital, n, klavji (m), klavjiow (pl); kloa’ji (m, RLC), hush, int, taw! (sg)/tewewgh! (pl); taw tavas! kloa’jiow (pl, RLC). (sg)/tewewgh tavas! (pl). host, n, ost (m), ostys (pl). hut, n, krow (m), krowyow (pl); (rough or ruined hut) hostess, n, ostes (f), ostesow (pl); air hostess, n, ostes krellas (m), krellow (pl). ayr (f), ostesow ayr (pl). hyperlink, n, gorgevren (f), gorgevrennow (pl), hot, adj, pooth; (warm) tomm; tobm (RLC); (extremely gorgevrednow (pl, RLC). hot; blazing) bros; hot chocolate, n, choklet tomm; hypocritical, adj, fekyl. choklet tobm (RLC). hotel, n, ostel (m), ostelyow (pl). I, i hound, n, (hunting) helgi (m), helgeun (pl); (racing) reski (m), reskeun (pl); (abusive) hond (m), hons I, prn, my; (enclitic) vy; va; ma; (infixed) ’m. (pl). ice, n, rew (m); iceberg, n, menydh rew (m), hour, n, (o’clock) eur (f), euryow (pl); (duration) our menydhyow rew (pl); mena rew (m, RLC), (m), ourys (pl); within an hour, phr, a-ji dhe our; a- menedhyow rew (pl, RLC); ice cream, n, dehen rew jei dhe our (RLC). (m); ice cube, n, kub rew (m), kubow rew (pl); ice house, n, chi (m), chiow (pl); chei (m, RLC), treven (pl, skate, n, skes rew (m), skesyow rew (pl); to ice RLC); detached house, n phr, chi unnik (m), chiow skate, vb, skesya war rew. unnik (pl); chei udnik (m, RLC), treven udnik (pl, icon (for a computer programme), n, arwodhik (m), RLC); semi-detached house, n phr, gevelji (m), arwodhigow (pl). geveljiow (pl); full house (poker), n phr, gwariji icy, adj, rewgennys; rewgednys (RLC). leun; dornas leun. idea, n, tybyans (m), tybyansow (pl). household, n, meni (m), meniow (pl). 2 2 identical, adj, keth. how, I conj, del ; II int, ass, assa; fatel ; fatla; how fine identity, n, honanieth (f), honaniethow (pl). the weather is, phr, ass yw brav an gewer; how nice idiom, n, (turn of phrase) lavar (m), lavarow (pl). of you! phr, ass os ta kuv! how are you?, phr, fatla idiot, n, bobba (m), bobbys (pl); penn bobba (m), genes (sg)/ fatla genowgh (pl)?; fatel erowgh hwei pennow bobba (pl); pedn bobba (m, RLC), pednow kul? (RLC); how come, phr, prag; how many, phr, py bobba (pl, RLC); skogyn (m), skogynnow (pl),

22 skogydnow (pl, RLC); you goggle-eyed idiot!, phr, ty trigoryon (pl). penn bobba lagasek!; che pedn bobba lagajek! (RLC). injection, n, skityans (m), skityansow (pl). idle, adj, diek; idle talk, n, flows (m). ink, n, ynk (m). if, conj, (before consonants) mar4; mara4; (before injure, vb, shyndya. vowels) mars; maras; (unlikely conditions) a4; injury, n, shyndyans (m), shyndyansow (pl); goli (m), (negative) mar ny2; if you please, phr, mar pleg. goliow (pl). ignore, vb, sevel orth aswon; skonya aswon. inlet, n, logh (m), lohow (pl). ignorance, n, fowt dyskans (m), fowtys dyskans (pl); inn, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl). fowt deskans (m, RLC), fowtys deskans (pl, RLC). input, vb, ynworra. ill, adj, (sick) klav; kloav (RLC); (bad) drog. insane, adj, muskok; varyes. illegal, adj, anlahel; erby‧nn an laha; erby‧dn an laha insect, n, pryv (m), prev (m, RLC), preves (pl); (RLC). hweskeren (f), hwesker (coll). illness, n, kleves. insert, vb, gorra a-bervedh. illuminate, vb, golowi; (artistically) afina. inside, I adv, a-bervedh; a-ji; a-jei (RLC); II prp, a- illustrate, vb, lymna. bervedh yn; a-ji dhe2; a-jei dhe2 (RLC). illustration, n, lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl). inspect, vb, hwithra; eksamnya. image, n, imach (m), imajys (pl); aven (m), avenyow inspire, vb, aweni; ynspirya. (pl). instant, I adj, desempis; instant coffee, n, koffi imagine, vb, desevos; koncevi; tybi. desempis (m); II n, pols (m), polsyow (pl); immediate, adj, desempis; tromm; trobm (RLC); prysweyth (m), prysweythyow (pl); instant stragth; straft (RLC). message, I n, messach desempis (m), messajys immediately, adv, a-dhesempis; a-dhistowgh; hware‧; desempis (pl); II vb, messajya desempis. heb let. instance, n, ensampel (m); gweyth (f); for instance, impertinence, n, tonteth (f). phr, rag ensampel. impertinent, adj, tont. instantly, adv, kettoo‧th; a-dhesempis. impolite, adj, diskortes. instead of, phr, yn le. import, vb, ymperthi. instigate, vb, sordya. importance, n, poos (m); les (m). instrument, n, (means) mayn (m), maynys (pl); important, adj, posek; bysi; a vern; it’s important for (musical i.) daffar ilow (m). you to go, phr, bysi yw dhis mos. insular, adj, enesek. impossible, adj, na yll bos; anpossybyl. insurance, n, surheans (m). in, prp, yn; in me, prp, ynnov; in you (sg), prp, ynnos; insure, vb, surhe‧. in him, prp, ynno; etta (RLC); in her, prp, ynni; in us, intelligent, adj, pollek; skentel; skiansek; skientek prp, ynnon; in you (pl), prp, ynnowgh; ennowgh (RLC). (RLC); in them, prp, ynna, ynnans; ettans (RLC); in interest, I n, (concern) bern (m), bernyow (pl); les (m); agreement, unver; in front of, prp, a-rag; in place (financial) oker (m); II vb, deur (3sg only); it does (of), prp, yn le; in the, prp+art, y’n; in three days’ not interest me, phr, ny’m deur; see if it interests time, phr, godreva; in which way, phr, pana vaner. you, phr, mir mara’th teur. inbox (e-mail), n, yngist (f), yngistyow (pl). interesting, adj, dhe les; didheurek; lesek (RLC). inch, n, meusva (f), meusvedhi (pl). interface, n, ynterfas (m), ynterfassow (pl). incidentally, adv, unnweyth; eneth (RLC). international, adj, keswlasek. incompatible, adj, ankesplegadow. internet, n, kesrosweyth (m). increase, vb, kressya; ynkressya. interrupt, vb, (break off) goderri; (interrupt speech) increasingly, adv, moy ha moy. kewsel a-dreus; kowsel a-dreus (RLC). indeed, adv, devri‧; yn tevri‧; fest. interval (short break), n, powes (m). independence, n, anserhogeth (f). interview, n, keswel (m), keswelyow (pl). independent, adj, anserhek. interview, vb, kesweles. index, n, menegva (f), menegvaow (pl). into, prp, (a-berth) yn. India, top, Eynda (f). introduce, vb, komendya; introduce oneself, vb phr, Indian, adj, eyndek. omgomendya. indoors, adv, a-bervedh; y’n chi; a-ji; a-jei (RLC). invalid, adj, (false) drog; (incapacitated) klav; kloav industrious, adj, diwysyk. (RLC). industry, n, diwysyans (m), diwysyansow (pl); hwel investigate, vb, hwithra. ober (m, RLC), hwelyow ober (pl, RLC). invite, vb, gelwel. inform, vb, derivas; kedhla. invitation, n, galow (m), galowyow (pl). information, n, kedhlow (pl). invoice, n, reken (m), reknow (pl). inhabitant, n, anedhyas (m), anedhysi (pl); triger (m), Ireland, top, Iwerdhon (m); Wordhen (m).

23 Irish, adj, iwerdhonek; wordhenek; Irish language, n, jewel, n, jowel (m), jowelys (pl); tegen (f), tegennow Godhalek; Iwerdhonek; Wordhenek; Irishman, n, (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC). Godhal (m), Godhyli (pl); Irishwoman, n, Godhales jewellery, coll n, tegennow (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC); (f), Godhalesow (pl). gemweyth (m). iron, I n, (metal) horn (m); (laundry) hornel (f), Jewish, adj, yedhowek; ’edhowek (RLC). hornellow (pl); II vb, hornella; ironing board, n, jig, n, (dance) jyg (m), jygyow (pl). bord hornella (m), bordow hornella (pl). jigsaw, n, gwari mildam (m), gwariow mildam (pl). ironic, adj, ironek. job, n, soodh (m), sodhow (pl); oberen (f), oberennow ironmonger, n, horner (m), hornoryon (pl). (pl), oberednow (pl, RLC). irony, n, gesedh (m), gesedhow (pl). jog, vb, goresek; ponya. irregular, adj, direwl; digompes. jogger, n, reser (m), resoryon (pl); resores (f), irregularity, n, digomposter (m), digomposteryow (pl). resoresow (pl). irrelevant, adj, heb bri. join, vb, junya; to join forces (with), vb phr, omjunya irresponsible, adj, dibreder. (gans). irrigate, vb, dowrhe‧. joint, fn, (body) mell (m), mellow (pl); (meat) kevals irritate, vb, serri; veksya. (m), kevalsyow (pl); (cigarette) cigarik kewargh (m), Islam, n, Islam (m). cigarigow kewargh (pl); porven gowar’ (f, RLC), Islamic, adj, Islamek. porvens kowar’ (pl, RLC). island, n, enys (f), enesow (pl). joke, I n, ges (m), gesyow (pl); II vb, gul ges. Isle of Man, top, Manow (f), Enys Vanow (f). joker, n, gesyser (m), gesyoryon (pl). Isles of Scilly, top, Syllan (f), Enesek Syllan (f). jolly, adj, lowen; jolif. issue, I n, (publication) dyllans (m), dylansow (pl); jot, n, banna (m), badna (m, RLC), banahow (pl). (topic) mater (m), maters (pl); II vb, dyllo. journal, n, lyver termyn (m), lyvrow termyn (pl); lever it, prn, ev (m); va (m); e (m, after imperatives); hi (f); termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn (pl, RLC). (object) ’n (m); ’s (f). journalist, n, jornalyas (m), jornalysi (pl); jornalyades itch, n, debron (m), debronow (pl); kos (f), kosow (pl); (f), jornalyadesow (pl). II vb, debreni; kosa. journey, I n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); II vb, item, n, (on a list) poynt (m), poyntys (pl); (thing) tra viajya; vajya (RLC). (neutr.), taklow (pl), traow (pl). Jove, name, Jovyn (m). ivory, n, dans olifans (m). joy, n, lowena (f); joy (m). ivy, n, idhyowen (f), idhyow (coll). joyful, adj, lowen; lowenek. judge, I n, breusyas (m), breusysi (pl); breusyades (f), J, j breusyadesow (pl); justis (m), justisyow (pl); (critic) barner (m), barnoryon (pl); barnores (f), jackass, n, margh asen (m), mergh asen (pl). barnoresow (pl); II vb, breusi; barna; ri breus war; jacket, n, jerkyn (m), jerkynnow (pl), jerkyns (pl, RLC). rei breus war (RLC). jagged, adj, densek. judgement, n, barn (f), barnyow (pl); breus (f), jail, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl). breusyow (pl); in my judgement, phr, dhe’m breus jam, n, kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). vy. janitor, n, porther (m), porthoryon (pl); portheres (f), judo, n, judo (m). portheresow (pl). jug, n, podik (m), podigow (pl). January, n, Genver (m); mis Genver (m). juggle, vb, jogla. jar, n, (vessel) seth (m), sethow (pl); (shock) jag (m), juggler, n, jogler (m), jogloryon (pl). jagys (pl). juice, n, sugen (m), sugenyow (pl). jaundice, n, kleves melyn (m). juicy, adj, sugnek. Jazz, n, jazz (m). July, n, Gortheren (m); mis Gortheren (m); Gorefen (m, jealous, adj, gorvynnek; gorvydnek (RLC); avius; RLC); mis Gorefen (m, RLC). envies; be jealous of someone, vb phr, perthi avi jumper (garment), n, gwlanek (m), gwlanogow (pl). orth nebonan; bos envies warby‧dn nebonan (RLC). June, n, Metheven (m); Efen (m, RLC); mis Efen (RLC). jealousy, n, avi (m). jungle, n, gwylgos (m), gwylgosow (pl). jeans, n, jins (pl); lavrek jin (m), lavrogow jin (pl). junk (rubbish), n, atal (m); skollyon (pl); tredn (m, jelly, n, kowlesen (f), kowles (coll). RLC); junk food, n, boos atal (m). jellyfish, n, morgowlesen (f), morgowles (coll). junkie, n, (drug addict) stoffki (m), stoffkeun (pl). jetty, n, kay (m), kayow (pl). Jupiter, name, Yow (m); Jubyter (m). just, I adj, ewn; pora‧n; II adv, (only) hepke‧n; just as, Jew, n, Yedhow (m), Yedhewon (pl); ’Edhow (m, RLC), 2 2 ’Edhewon (pl, RLC). adv, (ke)pa‧r del ; (pe)ka‧r del (RLC); just as it is, Jewess, n, Yedhowes (f), Yedhowesow (pl). phr, par del yw; just now, adv, namnyge‧n; I have

24 just done it, phr, nowyth gwrys yw genev. kin, n, neskar (m), neskerens (pl); ehen (f), ehennow justice, n, (virtue) ewnder (m); (magistrate) justis (m), (pl), ehednow (pl, RLC); next of kin, n phr, neshevin justisyow (pl); chief justice, n, pennjustis (m), (m & coll). pennjustisyow (pl); pednjustis (m, RLC), kind, I adj, hegar; hweg; kuv; kind regards, phr, pednjustisyow (pl, RLC). gorhemynadow a’n gwella; II n, (variety) ehen (f); justify, vb, avowa; justifia. sort (m); kind of (somewhat), phr, nebes; that kind of, phr, a’n par na. K, k kindergarten, n, skol veythrin (f), skolyow meythrin (pl). kale, n, kowlen (f), kowl (coll). kindle, vb, dewi; enowi. kangaroo, n, kangarou (m), kangarous (pl). kindly, adj, kolonnek; kolodnek (RLC). karate, n, karate (m). kindness, n, kuvder (m). kayak, n, kayak (m), kayakys (pl), kayagow (pl). king, n, myghte‧rn (m), myghternedh (pl); my’te‧rn keel, n, keyn (m), keynow (pl). (m, RLC), my’ternyow (pl, RLC); king size, phr, keen, adj, (sharp) lymm; lebm (RLC); (eager) mall; kowrek. hwansek; I am keen, phr, mall yw genev. kingdom, n, gwlaskor (f), gwlaskordhow (pl); keep, I n, (castle) tour (m), touryow (pl); II vb, gwitha; ruwvaneth (f), ruwvanethow (pl); United Kingdom, synsi; senji (RLC); keep a promise, vb phr, kewera; top, Ruwvaneth Unys (f). keep in touch, vb phr, kestava; keep oneself, vb phr, kiosk, n, kiosk (m), kioskys (pl). omwitha; keep up, vb phr, kesstrivya; keep your kiss, I n, amm (m), ammow (pl); abm (m, RLC), abmow mouth shut!, phr, syns dha glap! (pl, RLC); bay (m), bayow (pl); kussyn (m), keeper, n, gwithyas (m), gwithysi (pl). kussynnow (pl), kussydnow (pl, RLC); II vb, amma; keepsake, n, kovro (m), kovrohow (pl). abma (RLC); kiss me!, phr, baya; amm dhymm!; abm kelp, n, gommon (coll), gobmon (coll, RLC). dhybm! (RLC). kennel, n, kiji (m), kijiow (pl); keunji (m), keunjiow kit, n, daffar (m). (pl); keunva (m), keunvaow (pl). kitchen, n, kegin (f), keginow (pl); kitchen dresser, n, kernel, n, sprusen (f), sprusennow (pl), sprusednow lestrier (m), lestrieryow (pl). (pl, RLC), sprus (coll). kite, n, sarf neyja (f), serf neyja (pl). kettle, n, kalter (f), kaltoryow (pl); tekel (m, RLC), kitten, n, kathik (f), kathigow (pl). tekels (pl, RLC); (open kettle, cooking vessel) chek knead, vb, tosa. (m), chekys (pl); tea kettle, n, chek te (m), chekys te knee, n, glin (m), glinyow (pl), dewlin (dl), dowlin (dl, (pl); to put the kettle on, phr, gorra an galter dhe RLC); knee cap, n, padel benn glin (f); padellow vryjyon. penn glin (pl); padel bedn glin (f, RLC), padellow kettleful, n, chekas (m), chekesow (pl). pedn glin (pl, RLC). key, n, (lock) alhwedh (m), alhwedhow (pl); (typing) kneel, phr, mos war benn dewlin; mos war bedn alhwedhen (f), alhwedhennow (pl), alhwedednow dowlin (RLC). (pl, RLC). knife, n, kollel (f), kellyl (pl), kelylli (pl). keyword, n, ger alhwedh (m), geryow alhwedh (pl). knight, n, marhek (m), marhogyon (pl). keyboard (typing), n, bysowek (f), bysowegi (pl). knit, vb, gwia; to knit one’s brows, phr, plegya tal. kick, I n, pot (m), potow (pl); II vb, potya. knitwear, n, dillas gwia (coll). kid, I n, (child) flogh (m), flehes (pl); (goat) mynnen (f), knob, n, klopen (m), klopennow (pl), klopednow (pl, mynn (coll); II vb, tolla; are you kidding; phr; es’ta RLC); talben (m), talbennow (pl). ow kul ges? knock, I n, bonk (m), bonkys (pl); knouk (m); knoukys kidnap, I n, argibyans (m), argibyansow (pl); (pl); knock out competition, n phr, kesstrif dilea (m); denladrans (m), denladransow (pl); II vb, argibya; kesstrifow dilea (pl); II vb, knoukya. denladra. knocker (mine spirit), n, knoukyer (m), knoukyers (pl). kidney, n, loneth (f), lonethi (pl); steak and kidney pie, knot, I n, kolm (m), kolmow (pl); kolmen (f), n phr, hogen vewin ha loneth (f). kolmennow (pl), kolmednow (pl, RLC); II vb, kelmi. kill, vb, ladha. know, vb, (persons and places) aswon; aswonvos; ajon (RLC); (facts and skills) godhvos; goffos (RLC); to killer, n, ladher (m), ladhoryon (pl). 2 kilobyte (KB), n, kilobayt (m), kilobaytys (pl); abbr, KB. know about, vb phr, godhvos a ; as you know, phr, kilogramme, n, kilogram (m), kilogrammow (pl); abbr, del wodhes; know-how, n, gallos. kg. knowledge, n, skians (m), skiansow (pl). kilometre, n, kilometer (m), kilometrow (pl); abbr, km. known, adj, aswonys; godhvedhys; well known, phr, kilt, n, losten albanek (f), lostennow albanek (pl), gerys da. lostednow albanek (pl, RLC); losten vrith (f), knuckle, n, mell dorn (m), mellow dorn (pl). lostennow brith (pl).

25 L, l (m), ledyoryon (pl). leaf, n, (of plants) delen (f), delyow (pl), del (coll); label, n, label (m), labelyow (pl). (page) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl ,RLC); labour, n, hwel (m), hwelyow (pl); lavur (m); Labour (paper) lyven (f), lyvennow (pl), lyvednow (RLC). Party, n phr, Parti Lavur (m). leak, I n, dowrfols (m), dowrfolsyow (pl); II vb, dyllo lace, n, las (m), lasow (pl). dowr; divera. lack, n, fowt (m), fowtys (pl). leap, I n, lamm (m), lammow (pl); labm (m, RLC), ladder, n, skeul (f), skeulyow (pl). labmow (pl, RLC); II vb, lamma; lemmel; lebmel lady, n, arlodhes (f), arlodhesow (pl). (RLC). ladybird, n, buhik Dhuw (f), buhesigow Duw (pl). learn, vb, dyski; deski (RLC); learn from someone, phr, lake, n, lynn (f), lynnyn (pl); lydn (f, RLC), lydnow (pl, dyski gans nebonan; deski gen nebonan (RLC). RLC). least, sup, lyha; at least, adv, dhe’n lyha. lamb, n, on (m), eyn (pl). leave, vb, gasa {transitive}; (depart) diberth. lame, adj, kloppek. leek, n, poren (f), por (coll). left, adj (opposite of right) kledh; on the left (of), phr, lamp, n, lugarn (m), lugern (pl); lamp-post, n, 2 golowbren (m), golowbrennyer (pl), golowbrednyer a-gledh (dhe ); left-handed, adj, kledhek; (pl, RLC). (remaining) gesys; gerys (RLC). land, I n, tir (m), tiryow (pl); (region) bro (f), broyow leg, n, garr (f), garrow (pl), diwar (dl). (pl); (nation) gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); (country) pow legend, n, henhwedhel (m), henhwedhlow (pl). (m), powyow (pl); Land’s End, top, Penn an Wlas lemon, n, lymmaval (m), lymmavalow (pl); lemon (m); Pedn an Wlas (m, RLC); II vb, tira. curd, n, kowles lymmaval (coll). landlady, n, ostes (f), ostesow (pl). lend, vb, lendya. landlord, n, ost (m), ostys (pl). length, n, hirder (m); hys (m); hes (m, RLC); at length, lane, n, bownder (f), bownderyow (pl). adv, a-hys; a-hes (RLC); of equal length, adj, kehy‧s; language, n, taves (m), tavas (m), tavosow (pl); yeth (f), kehe‧s (RLC). yethow (pl). lengthen, vb, hirhe‧. lantern, n, lugarn (m), lugern (pl). lens, n, gwedrik (m), gwedrigow (pl); lens (f), lensow laptop (computer), n, barrlennel (f), barrlenellow (pl); (pl); contact lens, n, gwedrik kestav (m), gwedrigow laptop (m, RLC), laptops (pl, RLC). kestav (pl). lard, n, blonek (m). Lent, n, Korawys (m). larder, n, spens (m), spensow (pl). leopard, n, lewpard (m), lewpardes (pl). large, adj, bras; broas (RLC); meur. less, adj, adv, prn, le. last, I superl adj, diwettha; at last, adv, wos’tiwedh; last lesser, cmp, le. night, adv, nyhewer; last year, adv, warlena; lesson, n, dyskans (m), dyskansow (pl); kentel (m), warleni; II vb, pesya; durya. kentelyow (pl) {Note: In traditional Cornish, 'kentel' lasting (durable), adj, duryadow. means 'occasion'}. late, I adj, diwedhes; II adv, a-dhiwedhes. lest, conj, dout; rag own; take care lest you fall (mind later, adv comp, diwettha; see you later!, phr, dha you don’t fall), phr, kemmer with dout ty dhe weles! (sg)/agas gweles! (pl); a’n our! (RLC). godha! launch, vb, lonchya. let, vb, gasa; gara (RLC). laugh, vb, hwerthin. letter, n, (epistle) lyther (m), lytherow (pl); lether (m, laughable, n, hwarthus. RLC), letherow (m, RLC); (symbol) lytheren (f), laughter, n, hwarth (m). lytherennow (pl), lytherednow (pl, RLC). law, n, laha (f), lahys (pl); court of law, n, breuslys (f), letterbox, n, kist lyther (f), kist lether (f, RLC); kistyow breuslysyow (pl); kort (f), kortys (pl). lyther (pl), kistyow lether (pl, RLC). lawn, n, glesin (m), glesinyow (pl); lawn-mower, n, lettuce, n, letusen (f), letus (pl). jynn glesin (m), jynnow glesin (pl) level, I adj, kompes; leven; be level with, phr, bos lay, vb, pottya; (eggs) dedhwi; lay hold of, vb, sesya; lay kompes gans; II vb, komposa; levenhe‧. low, vb, prosternya; lay hands on, vb, dalhenna; lexicon, n, gerlyver (m), gerlyvrow (pl); gerlever (m, dalhedna (RLC); lay open, vb, apertya; lay waste, vb, RLC), gerlevrow (pl, RLC). wastya. liar, n, gowek (m), gowogyon (pl). layout, n, aray (m), arayow (pl); delinyans (m), liberal, I adj (generous) hel; II adj (tolerant) livrel; delinyansow (pl). Liberal Democatic Party, n phr, Parti Livrel Gwerinel lazy, adj, diek. (m); the LibDems, n, an re LivWer (pl). lead, I n, (for a dog) lesh (m), leshyow (pl); (metal) liberty, n, frankedh (m), rydhsys (m). plomm (m); plobm (m); II vb, hembronk. library, n, lyverva (f), lyvervaow (pl). leader, n, hembrenkyas (m), hembrenkysi (pl); ledyer licence, n, kummyas (m), kubmyas (m, RLC),

26 kumyasow (pl); driving licence, n, kummyas lewya litre, n, liter (m), litrow (pl). (m); kubmyas lewya (m, RLC). live, I adj, (event) yn fyw; yn few (RLC); II vb, (be alive) lie, I n, gow (m), gowyow (pl); to tell a lie, phr, bewa; (reside) bos trigys; triga; live together, vb, gowleverel; II vb (lie down) gorwedha. kesvewa; he lives in St Ives, phr, yma va trigys yn life, n, bewnans (m), bewnansow (pl); bownans (m, Porth Ia; to live at the back of beyond, phr, bos RLC), bownansow (pl, RLC). trigys yn argel. lifeboat, n, skath sawya (f), skathow sawya (pl). lively, adj, byw; bew (RLC); bewek; (quick) buan; dyllo. lift, n, (elevator) yskynnel (f), yskynellow (pl); (in a liveliness, n, bewder (m). car) gorrans (m), gorransow (pl); to give a lift, phr, liver, n, avi (m), aviow (pl). gorra; ri gorrans; they gave me a lift home, phr, i a living room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl). ros dhymm gorrans tre; i a’m gorras tre. lizard, n, pedrevan (f), pedrevanes (pl). lift, vb, lyftya; drehevel. load, I n, karg (m), kargow (pl); II vb, karga; download, light, adj, skav. vb, iskarga; upload, vb, ughkarga. light, I n, golow (m), golowys (pl); traffic lights, n, lobster, n, legest (m), legesti (pl). golowys traffik (pl); II vb, enowi; kuna. lock, I n, (on a door) floren (f), florennow (pl), lightbulb, n, bollen (f), bolennow (pl), bolednow (pl, florednow (pl, RLC); (water) yet dhowr (f), yettys RLC). dowr (pl); II vb, alhwedha. lighten, vb, golowi. locker, n, a‧mari (m), a‧maris (pl). lighter, n, enowel (f), enowellow (pl); kuner (m), loft, n, soler (m), soleryow (pl). kunoryon (pl). log, I n, prenn (m), prennyer (pl); predn (m, RLC), lighthouse, n, golowji (m), golowjiow (pl). prednyer (pl, RLC); kyf (m), kyfyow (pl); II vb, log in, lightning, n, luhesen (f), luhes (coll). vb phr, omgelmi; log out, vb phr, omdenna; omdedna like, I adj, haval; hevelep; II prp, ave‧l, kepa‧r ha; peka‧r (RLC). ha (RLC); like that, phr, yndella; like this, phr, lodge, vb, ostya. yndelma; III vb, kara; bos da gans; I like, vb phr, da London, top, Loundres. yw genev; like hell!, phr, malbew damm! long, adj, hir; pell; long ago, adv, nans yw pell; pell likely, adj, gwirhaval. dhe’n eur ma. liken, vb, heveli. longing, n, hireth (f). likewise, adv, keffry‧s; ynwe‧dh; y’we‧dh (RLC). longstone, n, men hir (m), meyn hir (pl). lily, n, lilien (f), lili (coll). look, I n, mir (m); II vb, mires; look at, vb, mires orth; limit, n, fin (f), finyow (pl); finweth (f). look for, vb, hwilas; look here!, phr, ottomma!; limb, n, esel (m), eseli (pl). ottobma (RLC); look there!, phr, ottena! limp, vb, kloppya; to walk with a limp, phr, bos loose, adj, lows. kloppek; kerdhes yn unn gloppya. loosen, vb, lewsel; lowsel (RLC). limpet, n, brenigen (f), brennik (coll), brednik (coll, lord, n, arludh (m), arlydhi (pl); House of Lords, phr, RLC). Chi an Arlydhi. line, n, linen (f), linennow (pl), linednow (pl, RLC). lorry, n, kert (m), kertow (pl); lorry driver, n, lewyer linen, n, linen (f), lin (coll). kert (m), lewyoryon gert (pl). link, I n, kevren (f), kevrennow (pl), kevrednow (pl, lose, vb, kelli. RLC); II vb, kevrenna, kevredna (RLC). lot, n, (a lot of) meur a2. lintel, n, penn daras (m), pennow daras (pl); pedn loud, adj, uhel; heglew. daras (m, RLC), pednow daras (pl, RLC). lounge, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl). lion, n, lew (m), lewyon (pl); lion cub, n, lewik (m), love, I n, kerensa; kerenja (RLC); II vb, kara. lewesigow (pl); lion tamer, n, dover lewyon (m), lover, n, karer (m), karoryon (pl); karores (f), dovoryon lewyon (pl). karoresow (pl). lioness, n, lewes (f), lewesow (pl). low, adj, down; isel. lip, n, gweus (f), gweusyow (pl), diwweus (dl). lower, I adj, woles; II adv, a-woles; a-is; III vb, iselhe‧. liquid, n, lin (m), linyow (pl); washing-up liquid luck, n, chons (m); feus (m); bad luck, n, mewl (m); (detergent), n, lin sebon (m), linyow sebon (pl). good luck!, phr, chons da! list, n, rol (f), rolyow (pl). luckily, adv, y’n gwella prys. listen, vb, goslowes; listen to, vb phr, goslowes orth. lucky, adj, feusik; fortunnyes; fortudnyes (RC); lit, adj, (lighted) golowys; enowys; gans golow; gans gwynnvys; lucky for me!, phr, gwynn ow bys!; tan. gwydn ow bes! (RLC). literary, adj, liennek; liednek (RLC). lump, n, bothen (m), bothennow (pl), bothednow (pl, literature, n, lien (m). RLC). little, I adj, byhan; bian (RLC); bohes; munys; II n, (a lunch, n, li (f), livyow (pl); (picnic lunch) kroust (m), little) nebes (m); III adv, nebes. kroustyow (pl).

27 lust, n, lust (m), lustys (pl). mansion, n, plas (m), plassow (pl). -ly, adv part, yn5. manual, I adj, (by hand) dre dhorn; II n, (handbook) kowethlyver (m), kowethlyvrow (pl). M, m manure, n, teyl (m); mon (m). Manx, I adj, manowek; II n, (language) Manowek. many, I adj, lies (before sg. noun); meur a2 (before pl. machine, n, jynn (m), jynnys (pl), jynnow (pl); 2 2 2 answering machine, n, jynn gorthebi (m), jynnow noun); lower a (before pl. noun); kals a ; kalj a gorthebi (pl), jynnys gorthebi (pl); ticket machine, (RLC); pals (follows a pl. noun); polta (RLC); many a, n, jynn tokyn (m), jynnow tokyn (pl), jynnys tokyn phr, lower (+sg. noun); many people, phr, lies huni; (pl); washing machine, n, jynn golhi (m), jynnys lies den; many times, adv, lieskweyth, lies gweyth; II golhi (pl), jynnow golhi (pl). prn, lies; as many, adv, keniver; as many as, adv, mackerel, n, brithel (m), brithyli (pl); briel (m), brili kemmys; kebmys (RLC); how many, adv, pes; py lies; (pl). so many, adv, keniver; too many, prn, re. mad, adj, (insane) fol; gorbollek; muskok; mus (RMC); map, n, mappa (m), mappys (pl), mappow (pl). go mad, vb phr, muskegi. marble, n, (stone) marbel (m); (toy) marblen (f), madman, n, fol (m), felyon (pl). marblennow (pl), marblednow (pl, RLC); kalesen (f), madam, n, madama (f); ben’vas (f); bednvas (f, RLC). kalesennow (pl), kalesednow (pl, RLC); klomer (m), made, adj, gwrys; gwres (RLC). klomers (pl). magazine, n, (periodical) lyver termyn (m), lyvrow march, I n, (hike) keskerdh (m), keskerdhow (pl); II vb, termyn (pl); lever termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn keskerdhes. (pl, RLC). March, n, Meurth (m); mis Meurth (m). magician, n, huder (m), hudoryon (pl). mare, n, kasek (f), kasegi (pl). magpie, n, piesen (f), pies (coll). mark, I n, merk (m), merkys (pl); II vb, merkya. maiden, n, moren (f), morenyow (pl). market, n, marhas (f), marhasow (pl), marhajow (pl, main, adj, penn; pedn (RLC). RLC). mainland, n, dor bras (m); dor broas (m, RLC); tir meur marriage, n, demedhyans (m), demedhyansow (pl); (m). maryach (m), maryajys (pl). mainly, adv, dre vras. married, adj, demedhys; married couple, n, dewbries maintain, vb, menten(y)a. (dl). maize, n, ys hweg (coll); hwegys (coll); kernel of maize, maritime, adj, morek; a’n mor; arvor (RLC). n phr, ysen hweg (f); hwegysen (f). marry, vb, demedhi; demedha (RLC). majesty, n, meuredh (m); brastereth (f). Mars, name, Meurth (m). make, vb, gul; gwul (RLC); make a plan, vb phr, tewlel marsh, n, hal (f), halow (pl); gwern (f), gwernow (pl); towl; towla (RLC); make amends, vb phr, astiveri; keunegen (f, RLC), keunegi (pl, RLC). make haste, vb phr, fistena; make out, vb phr, marvel, n, aneth (m), anethow (pl). attendya; make right, vb phr, amendya; ewna; owna marvellous, adj, marthys; barthek (RLC). (RLC); make someone angry, vb phr, serri nebonan; masculine, adj, (male) gourel; (grammar) gorow. make him come!, phr, gwra dhodho dos!; make use mask, n, mask (m), maskow (pl); visour (m), visours of, vb phr, gul devnydh a2. (pl). mass, n, (bunch) showr (m); bush (m); masses of, phr, maker, n, gwrier (m), gwrioryon (pl). 2 2 make-up, n, (cosmetics) tremliw (m); kolors (pl). showr a ; bush a ; (church service) oferen (f), malicious, adj, drogbrederys. oferennow (pl), oferednow (pl, RLC). malt, n, brag (m). massacre, n, gorladhva (f), gorladhvaow (pl). mammal, n, bronnvil (m), bronnviles (pl). master, n, mester (m), mestrysi (pl), mestryji (pl); man, n, (human being) den (m), tus (pl); (male) den arludh (m), arlydhi (pl). (m), denyon (pl); (husband) gour (m), gwer (pl); mat, n, strel (m), strelyow (pl). (servant), n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl). match, n, (lucifer) tanbren (m), tanbrennyer (pl), Man, top, (Isle of Man) Manow (f); Enys Vanow (f). tanbrednyer (pl, RLC); (sport) fyt (m), fyttys (pl). manage, vb, (run) dyghtya; (m. to do) hedhes. mate, n, (spouse) pries (m. or f), dewbries (dl), priosow manager, n, dyghtyer (m), dyghtyoryon (pl). (pl); (friend) sos (m), sos (pl); koweth (m), kowetha manga, n, (Japanese style comic) manga (m), mangas (pl); kothman (m), kothmans (pl); (one of a pair) (pl). mata (m), matys (pl). mango, n, mango (m), mangos (pl). material, n, daffar (coll); stoff (coll); pyth (m), peth (m, mankind, n, mab den (m); denses (m). RLC), pethow (pl); devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl). manly, adj, gourel. mathematics, n, awgrym (m); mathematik (m). manner, n, maner (f), manerow (pl), maners (pl); fordh matter, I n, mater (m), maters (pl); pyth (m), peth (m, (f), fordhow (pl); for’ (f, RLC), for’ow (pl, RLC). RLC), pethow (pl); II vb, bernya; it doesn’t matter,

28 phr, ny vern; na fors; it doesn’t matter to me, phr, kampol; kampolla; kompla (RLC); tochya. ny’m deur; no matter, phr, na fors; what’s the menu, n, (restaurant) rol voos (f), rolyow boos (pl); matter?, phr, pandr’a hwer? (computer) rol (f), rolyow (pl); menu tree, n, maxim, n, poynt a skians (m), poyntys a skians (pl). rolwedhen (f). may, vb, re; may you be happy, phr, re bi lowen (sg), re merchant, n, marchont (m), marchons (pl); marhador bowgh lowen (pl); lowena re’fo (sg), lowena re’gas (m), marhadoryon (pl); marhadores (f), bo (pl); may he never... , phr, bynner re2 ... ; bydner marhadoresow (pl); gwikor (m), gwikoryon (pl). re2 (RLC); may he never die, phr, bynner re varwo. Mercury, name, Merher (m). May, n, Me (m); mis Me (m); May Day, n, Kala’ Me (m). mercy, n, tregeredh (f), tregeredhow (pl); merci (m). maybe, adv, martesen. merge, vb, kesunya. mayor, n, mer (m), meryon (pl). merry, adj, lowenek; heudh; meri. me, prn, vy; ma (enclitic); of me, prp prn, ahanav; to mess, n, strol (m); dera‧y (m); in a mess, phr, yn dera‧y. me, prp prn, dhymm; dhybm (RLC); with me prn, message, n, messach (m), messajys (pl); instant prp, genev; genama (RLC). message, I n, messach desempis (m), messajys mead, n, (drink) medh (m). desempis (pl); II vb, messajya desempis. meadow, n, pras (m), prasow (pl); budhyn (m), messenger, n, kannas (f), kadnas (f, RLC), kanasow (pl). budhynnow (pl), budhydnow (pl, RLC). metal, n, alkan (m); metol (m). meal, n, (repast) boos (m); meal taken to work, n, metre, n, meter (m), metrow (pl). kroust (m), kroustyow (pl); meal time, n, prys (m), midday, n, hanter dydh (m); hanter dedh (m, RLC). presyow (pl); pres (m, RLC), prejyow (pl, RLC). middle, n, kres (m); in the middle of, prp, yn mysk; yn mean, vb, styrya; menya. mesk (RLC). meaning, n, styr (m), styryow (pl); mening (m). midge, n, gwibesen (f); gwibes (coll). means, n, (method) mayn (m); (funds) pygans (m); midnight, n, hanter nos (f). pegans (m, RLC); by means of, prp, der; dre2. midst, n, mysk (m); mesk (m, RLC); in the midst of, prp, meantime, adv, kettermyn; in the meantime, phr, y’n yn mysk; en mesk (RLC). kettermyn (na); e’n men termyn (RLC). Midsummer, n, Golowan (m). meanwhile, adv, y’n kettermyn (na); e’n men termyn might, n, gallos (m); nerth (m), nerthyow (pl). (RLC). mighty, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC); krev. measure, n, (extent) musur (m); tape measure, n, mild, adj, (weather) klor. musurel (f), musurellow (pl). mile, n, mildir (m), mildiryow (pl). meat, n, kig (m), kigyow (pl). milk, I n, leth (m); II vb, godra. mechanic, n, jynnweythor (m), jynnweythoryon (pl); Milky Way, n, Hyns Sen Jamys (m); Hens Jamys Sans jynner (m), jynoryon (pl). (m, RLC). medicine, n, (medication) medhegneth (f), mill, n, melin (f), melinyow (pl), melidnyow (pl, RLC). medhegnethow (pl); (science) medhegieth (f); fysek miller, n, meliner (m), melinoryon (pl). (f, RLC). millhouse, n, melinji (m), melinjiow (pl). medium, adj, kresek; kreswedhek. millimetre, n, milimeter (m), milimetrow (pl); abbr, meet, vb, metya; dos erbynn; dos warbydn (RLC); meet mm. someone (going the same direction as yourself), million, n, milvil2 (m), milvilyow (pl); milyon (m), phr, metya gans nebonan; (going in the opposite milyonow (pl). direction), phr, metya orth nebonan. mind, n, brys (m); bres (m, RLC); I don’t mind, phr, ny meeting, n, kuntelles (m), kuntelesow (pl); meeting of vern dhymm; ny’m deur; never mind, phr, ny vern; bards, n, gorsedh (f), gorsedhow (pl). state of mind, n phr, cher (m). megabyte, n, megabayt (m), megabaytys (pl); abbr, MB. mine, I prn, ow huni; peth vy (RLC); it’s mine, phr, melancholy, n, moredh (m), moredhow (pl). dhymm yw; dhybm ew (RLC); my a’n pyw (m), my melon, n, melon (m), melonyow (pl). a’s pyw (f); II n, bal (m), balyow (pl); mine-waste, n, melt, vb, teudha; teudhi. atal (coll); mine-working, n, hwel (m), hwelyow (pl); member, n, esel (m), eseli (pl). opencast mine, n, mongleudh (m), mongleudhyow memory, n, kov (m), kovyow (pl); in memory of, phr, er (pl); coffin mine (excavated on a lode), n, kohyn kov; memory stick, n, kyv kov (m), kyvyon kov (pl). (m), kohynnow (pl); koffen (m), koffednow (pl, men, n pl, (males) gwer (pl); (people) tus (pl); RLC). (servants) gwesyon (pl). miner, n, den bal (m), tus bal (pl). mend, vb, ewna; owna (RLC). mingle, vb, kemyska. menhir, n, men hir (m), meyn hir (pl). minister, n, menyster (m), menystrys (pl). menstruation, n, termyn an mis (m); amseryow (pl); mint, n, (herb) menta (f); (money) batti (m), battiow misyow (pl). (pl); bathva (f), bathvaow (pl). mention, I n, kampol (m), kampollow (pl); II vb, minus (mathematical operator), prp, marnas.

29 minute, I adj, munys; II n, (time) mynysen (f), monastery, n, managhti (m), managhtiow (pl). mynysennow (pl), mynysednow (pl, RLC); mynys Monday, n, Lun (m); dy’Lun (m); de’Lun (m, RLC); (coll); (of meeting) kovnotyans (m), kovnotyansow Monday night, n phr, dy’Lun dhe nos. (pl). money, n, mona (coll); arhans (m); money box, n, argh miracle, n, marthus (m), marthusyon (pl). vona (f), arhow mona (pl); kofrik erbys (m), mirror, n, gweder (m), gwedrow (pl); gweder mires kofrigow erbys (pl). (m), gwedrow mires (pl); mirour (m), mirours (pl). monk, n, managh (m), menegh (pl). mirth, n, lowender (m). monkey, n, sim (m), simes (pl). misdemeanour, n, badober (m), badoberow (pl). monster, n, euthvil (m), euthviles (pl); tebelvest (m), misery, n, anken (m), ankenyow (pl); ponvos (m). tebelvestes (pl). misfortune, n, anfeus (f). month, n, mis (m), misyow (pl). miss, I n, (young woman) damsel (f), damsels (pl); Miss monthly, adj, misyek; misek. (title of address), mestres; abbr, Mres (f); II vb, (fail monument (of stone), n, men kov (m); meyn kov (pl). to hit) fyllel a weskel; miss a train, vb phr, kelli tren; mood, n, cher (m); in a bad mood, phr, drog pes; in a miss someone, vb phr, yeuni nebonan; bos trist war- good mood, phr, pes da. lergh nebonan; I miss you, phr, ty a fyll dhymm (sg), moon, n, loor (f), loryow (pl). hwi a fyll dhymm (pl); che a fyll dhybm (sg, RLC), moor, n, (marsh) hal (f), halow (pl); (upland) goon (f), hwei a fyll dhybm (RLC). gonyow (pl). missing, adj, something is missing, phr, yma fowt a mop, n, skubel wolhi (f), skubellow golhi (pl). neppy‧th; ma fowt a neppe‧th (RLC); neppy‧th a fyll; moped, n, hwil tan (m); hwiles tan (pl). neppe‧th a fyll (RLC). moral, adj, moral. mist, n, niwl (m), niwlow (pl). more, adv, moy; (not) any more, adv, namo‧y (with mistake, n, kammgemeryans (m), kammgemeryansow neg.); more and more, phr, moy ha moy; more or (pl); miskemeryans (m, RLC), miskemeryansow (pl, less, phr, moy po le; more than, phr, moy age‧s; moy RLC). es; moy ave‧l (RLC); hont dhe2 (RLC); no more, adv, mistaken, adj, kammdybys; kabmdybys (RLC); namo‧y (with neg.); once more, adv, unnweyth arta; miskemerys (RLC). eneth arta (RLC). mistreat, vb, tebeldyghtya. moreover, adv, keffry‧s; keffre‧s (RLC); hagenso‧ll mistress, n, (lady of the house) mestres (f), mestresow (RLC); hago‧ll (RLC). (pl); arlodhes (f), arlodhesow (pl); (lover) kares (f), morning, n, myttin (m), myttinyow (pl), myttinnow karesow (pl). (pl); mettin (m, RLC), mettidnow (pl, RLC); (duration misty, adj, niwlek. of time) myttinweyth (m), myttinweythyow (pl); misunderstand, vb, kammgonvedhes; kabmonder- good morning, phr, myttin da; mettin da (RLC); in stondya (RLC). the morning, adv, myttin; myttinweyth; mix, vb, kemyska; kabooli. boragweyth (RLC); morning star, n, Borlowen (f); mixture, n, kemmysk (m); kemyska (m, RLC). the morning after, phr, ternos vyttin; the next mobile telephone, n, klapkodh (f), klapkodhow (pl); morning, phr, ternos vyttin; this morning, phr, pellgowsel (f), pellgowsellow (pl). hedhyw vyttin; an myttin ma; an mettin ma (RLC); mock, vb, gesya; mock someone, vb phr, gul ges a2 tomorrow morning, phr, ternos vyttin; yesterday nebonan. morning, phr, de vyttin. mockery, n, ges (m); make a mockery of, vb phr, gul ges mosquito, n, moskito (m), moskitos (pl). a2 . moss, n, kewni (coll). model, n, (representation) patron (m), patronyow (pl). most, adv, moyha; mogha; for the most part, phr, dre modem, n, modem (m), modems (pl). vras. modern, adj, arnowyth; noweja (RLC). moth, n, godhan (m), godhanes (pl). modest, adj, isel; uvel. mother, n, mamm (f), mammow (pl); mabm (f, RLC), moist, adj, glyb; gleb (RLC). mabmow (pl, RLC); dama (f), damyow (pl); moisten, vb, glybya; dowrya. grandmother, n, mamm wynn (f), mammow gwynn moisture, n, glybor (m). (pl); mabm wydn (f, RLC), mabmow gwydn (pl, RLC); mole, n, (animal) godh (f), godhow (pl); go’dhor (f), dama wydn (f, RLC), damyow gwydn (pl, RLC); godhow dor (pl); (on skin) plustren (f), plustrennow mother-in-law, n, hweger (f), hwegrow (pl). (pl), plustrednow (pl, RLC); taysh (m, RLC), tayshes motocross, n, resek jynn diwros. (pl, RLC). motor, n, jynn (m), jynnys (pl), jynnow (pl); motor moment, n, pols (m), polsyow (pl), poljyow (pl, RLC); racing, n, resek kerri. tecken (f, RLC), teckednow (pl, RLC); at the moment, motorboat, n, skath tan (f), skathow tan (pl). phr, y’n pols ma. motorcar, n, karr tan (m), kerri tan (pl). momentum, n, momentom (m). motorcycle, n, jynn diwros (m), jynnys diwros (pl),

30 jynnow diwros (pl). Muslim, n, Moslem (m), Moslemyon (pl); Moslemes (f), motorway, n, gorfordh (f), gorfordhow (pl); gorfor’ (f, Moslemesow (f, pl). RLC), gorfor’ow (pl, RLC). mussel, n, mesklen (f), meskel (coll); beslen (f, RLC), mould, n, (fungus) kosk (m); (for casting) furv (f), besel (coll, RLC). furvyow (pl), furvow (pl). must, vb, res; I must ... , phr, res yw dhymm ... ; res ew mouldy, adj, loos; go mouldy, vb phr, koska; losi. dhybm (RLC); my a res ... ; bysi yw dhymm ... ; besi mound, n, krug (m), krugow (pl); bern (m), bernow ew dhybm (RLC); my a dal ... . (pl). mustard, n, kedhow (m); mostard (m, RLC). mount, vb, yskynna; krambla. mutation, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). mountain, n, menydh (m), menedh (m, RLC), mute, adj, omlavar; avlavar. menydhyow (pl). {Note: RLC form often reduced to my, pro, ow3; ma3 (RLC; mutation affects p and t only). mena in place-names.} myself, prn, ow honan. mountaineer, n, menedhyer (m), menedhyoryon (pl). mystery, n, kevrin (m), kevrinyow (pl); mysteri (m, mournful, adj, trist. RLC), mysteris (pl, RLC). mourning, n, kynvan (m). mouse, n, logosen (f), logos (coll). N, n moustache, n, minvlew (m). mouth, n, (part of body) ganow (m), ganowow (pl); nail, n, (carpentry) kenter (f), kentrow (pl); min (m), minyow (pl), minow (pl), minyon (pl); (of a (fingernail) ewin (m), ewines (pl); river) aber (m), aberyow (pl); mouth organ, n, naked, adj, noth. harmonika (m), harmonikas (pl). name, n, hanow (m), henwyn (pl); in the name of, prp, mouthful, n, ganowas (m), ganowasow (pl). a-barth; ’bar’ (RLC); put your name down, phr, ri move, vb, (move about) gwaya; movya; move away, vb, dha hanow; what is your name?, phr, pyth yw dha pellhe‧. hanow? pandr’yw dha hanow? py hanow os ta? movement, n, movyans (m), movyansow (pl); gwayans name, vb, henwel; kreia (RLC). (m), gwayansow (pl); (political) movyans (m), named, adj, henwys; kreiys (RLC). movyansow (pl). nanny, n, magores (f), magoresow (pl). Mr, n, Mester (m); abbr, Mr. nap, n, gogosk (m), gogoskow (pl). Mrs, n, Mestres (f); abbr, Mres. napkin, n, lien diwla (m), lienyow diwla (pl); kwethyn Ms, n, Mestres (f); abbr, Mres. 2 (m), kwethynnow (pl). much, adv, pals (follows a pl. noun); polta; meur a nappy, n, lien baban (m), lienyow baban (pl); lysten (f), (with sg. noun); (not) much, adv, nameu‧r (with lystennow (pl). neg.); as much as, adv, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); narrow, adj, kul; ynn; ydn (RLC). kekemmys; kekebmys (RLC); how much (of), adv, 2 2 nation, n, ke‧nedhel (f), kenedhlow (pl); nacyon (m), pygemmys; pegebmys (RLC); pyseu‧l a ; peseu‧l a nacyons (pl). (RLC); so much, adv, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); seul; 2 national, adj, kenedhlek. too much, prn, re (a ); very much, phr, ithik tra native, I adj, genesik; genejik (RLC); (indigenous) (RLC). teythyek; II n, genesik (m), genesigyon (pl); (local) mud, n, leys (m); pri (m); prei (m, RLC). teythyek (m), teythyogyon (pl); native to Cornwall, multiply, vb, lieshe‧; multiplied by, vb phr, lieshe‧s phr, a2 Gernow; native speaker, n phr, kowser a gans. vyhan (n), kowsoryon a vyhan (pl). mum, n, (mother) mammik (f), mamigow (pl). natural, adj, naturel; gnasek. mumps, n, penn sagh (m). nature, n, (natural world) natur (f); (personality) gnas municipality, n, burjestra (f), burjestrevow (pl). (f), gnasow (pl); (human nature) natureth (f). murder, n, moldrans (m), moldransow (pl); murder naughty, adj, drog. (m). near, adj, ogas; nearer, cmp, nes; nearest, sup, nessa; murder, vb, moldra; ladha. near at hand, phr, dhe dhorn (RLC); near to, prp, murky, adj, tewal; tewl. ogas dhe2; ryb; reb (RLC). murmur, n, hanas (m), hanasow (pl); hanajen (f, RLC), nearby, adv, yn ogas; dhe dhorn. hanajednow (pl, RLC). nearly, adv, namna, namnag (with vb.); ogas (with muscle, n, keheren (f), keher (coll). adj.); ogas ha (with n.); ogasti‧; ogatti‧; pur ogas muscular, adj, keherek. (RLC). museum, n, gwithti (m), gwithtiow (pl). necessary, adj, res; absolutely necessary, phr, res mushroom, n, skavel gronek (f), skavellow kronek (pl). porres; if necessary, phr, mars yw res, mar po res; it music, n, ilow (f); musik (f); instrumental music, n, is necessary, phr, res yw. menestrouthi (m). necessity, n, odhom (m), odhommow (pl), odhobmow musician, n, ilewydh (m), ilewydhyon (pl). (pl, RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow (pl, RMC);

31 of necessity, adv, porres. (pl, RLC). neck, n, konna (m), kodna (m, RLC), konaow (pl). night, n, nos (f), nosow (pl); (duration), n, nosweyth necklace, n, delk (m), delkow (pl). (m), nosweythyow (pl); at night, adv, nosweyth; in necktie, n, kolm konna (m), kolmow konna (pl); kolm the night, phr, yn termyn an nos; last night, adv, kodna (m, RLC), kolmow kodna (pl, RLC). nyhewer; tonight, adv, haneth; just before night need, n, odhom (m), odhommow (pl), odhobmow (pl, falls, phr, haneth dhe nos. RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow (pl, RMC); I nightclub, n, klub nos (m), klubbys nos (pl); kist nos need (something), phr, odhom/edhom a’m beus a2 (f), kistyow nos (pl). (neppy‧th); I need to ..., phr, res yw dhymm ...; res nightdress, n, pows nos (f), powsyow nos (pl). ew dhybm; my a res ...; bysi yw dhymm ...; besi ew nightjar, n, (bird) churra nos (m), churrys nos (pl); dhybm (RLC). dorhok (m, RLC), dorhokys (pl, RLC). needle, n, naswydh (f), naswedhow (pl); najedh (f, nightmare, n, hulla (m), hulevow (pl); hunlev (m, RLC), najedhow (pl, RLC). RMC), hunlevow (pl, RMC). needy, adj, odhommek; odhobmek (RLC); edhommek nightshirt, n, krys nos (m), krysyow nos (pl). (RMC); needy person, n, odhommek (m), odhobmek nil, n, mann (m). (m, RLC), odhomogyon (pl); edhommek (m, RMC), nimble, adj, skav. edhomogyon (pl, RMC). nine, num, naw. neighbour, n, kentrevek (m), kentrevogyon (pl); nineteen, card num, nownsek; nownjek (RLC). kentrevoges (f), kentrevogesow (pl). nineteenth, ord num, nownsegves; nownjegves (RLC); neither, prn, nane‧yl; neither ... nor ..., phr, na … na …; abbr, 19ves. nane‧yl ... na ... . ninetieth, ord num, degves ha peswar-ugens; degves ha nephew, n, noy (m), noyens (pl). pajar-ugens (RLC); abbr, 90ves. nerve, n, nerven (f), nervennow (pl), nervednow (pl, ninety, card num, deg ha peswar-ugens; deg ha pajar- RLC). ugens (RLC). nervous, adj, nervus. ninth, ord num, nawves; nawhes (RLC); abbr, 9ves. nest, n, neyth (m), neythow (pl). no, int, na; (emphatic) nantei‧ (RLC); (negative answer net, n, roos (f), rosow (pl). to a question) na2 (+Verb); no longer, adv, na fella netbook, n, (portable computer) roslyver (m), (with neg.); no matter, phr, na fors; no more, adv, roslyvrow (pl). namo‧y (with neg.); no smoking, phr, megi difennys; Netherlands, top, Iseldiryow (pl). no-one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); den vyth (m,with nettle, n, linasen (f), linas (coll). neg.); den veth (RLC). {Note: In RMC, ‘yes’ as an answer network, n, rosweyth (m), rosweythyow (pl). to yes/no questions is usually expressed by repeating the never, adv, (in the past), bythkweth (with neg.); verb in the question.} byskath (RLC, with neg.); (in the pres. or future) noble, adj, nobyl; bryntin; brentin (RLC); pednsyvik nevra (with neg.); (any time) jammes; (negative (RLC). optative) bynner; bydner (RLC); may he never do ..., nobody, prn, den vyth (m, with neg.); den veth (RLC). phr, bynner re wrello ...; never mind, phr, ny vern. noise, n, tros (m), trosyow (pl); son (m), sonyow (pl). nevermore, adv, nevra namo‧y (with neg.). none, prn, nagonan (with neg.); den vyth (m, with nevertheless, adv, byttegy‧ns; bettege‧ns (RLC). neg.); den veth (RLC). new, adj, nowyth. nonetheless, adv, byttele‧. newly, adv, nowyth. noon, n, hanter dydh (m); hanter dedh (m, RLC). news, n, nowodhow (pl); news about, n phr, nowodhow nor, conj, na (before consonants), nag (before vowels). orth. normal, adj, normal. newsletter, n, lyther nowodhow (m), lytherow north, n, north (m); noor (m, RLC); kledh (m); nowodhow (pl); lether nowodhow (m, RLC), kledhbarth (m); north-east, n, north-est (m); north- letherow nowodhow (pl, RLC). west, n, north-west (m). newspaper, n, paper nowodhow (m), paperyow nose, n, tron (m), tronyow (pl); frigow (pl. used as sg.; nowodhow (pl). RLC). newt, n, pedrevan (f); pedrevannes (pl); peswarpaw nostalgia, n, hireth (f). (m), peswarpawes (pl); pajarpaw (m, RLC), not, ptl, ny2, nyns (used in most main clauses); na2, nag pajarpawes (pl, RLC). (used in RMC with imperatives and in relative next, adj, nessa; next to, prp, nes dhe2; ryb; reb (RLC); clauses; used in RLC with all types of clauses); not at the next day, adv, ternos; the next morning, phr, all, phr, vytho‧ll (with neg.); not far, phr, neppe‧ll; ternos vyttin; nessa mettin (RLC); next door, phr, not one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); not yet, phr, na y’n nessa chi; e’n nessa chei (RLC). hwath (with neg.); that ... not, conj, na, nag. nice, adj, hweg. notable, adj, notyes, notys; nosedhek; nojejek (RLC). niece, n, nith (f), nithow (pl); noyth (f, RLC), noythes note, I n, noten (f), notennow (pl), notednow (pl, RLC);

32 take note of, vb phr, bydh avisys a2 (sg), bedhewgh oar, n, rev (f), revow (pl). avisys a2 (pl); bedh avisyes a2 (sg, RLC), bedhowgh obey, vb, obaya. avisyes a2 (pl, RLC); II vb, notya; (be aware of) object, n, (thing) tra (n), taklow (pl), traow (pl); (goal) attendya; (notice) merkya. medras (m). notebook, n, lyver notennow (m), lyvrow notennow obscure, adj, tewl. (pl); lever notednow (m, RLC), levrow notednow (pl, observe, vb, mires (orth). RLC); skriflyver (m), skriflyvrow (pl); skriflever (m), obtain, vb, kavos; obtaynya. skriflevrow (pl); skriflever (m, RLC), skriflevrow (pl, obvious, adj, ape‧rt; hewel. RLC). occasion, n, treveth (f), trevethow (pl); gweyth (f), nothing, prn, mann (m, with neg.); tra vyth (m, with gweythyow (pl); prys (m), pres (m, RLC), presyow neg.); tra veth (RLC). (pl); kentel (m), kentelyow (pl). notice, I n, (advertisement) argemmyn (m), occasional, adj, treweythus. argemynnow (pl); argebmyn (m, RLC), argemydnow occasionally, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC). (pl, RLC); takes no notice (of), phr, ny wra vri (orth); occur, vb, hwarvos. II vb, merkya. ocean, n, keynvor (m), keynvoryow (pl). notion, n, (idea) tybyans (m), tybyansow (pl); sians (m, October, n, Hedra (m); mis Hedra (m). RLC), siansow (pl, RLC). octopus, n, kollel lesa (f), kelylli lesa (pl). noun, n, hanow (m), henwyn (pl). odd, adj, (strange) koynt; (number) dibarow. nourish, vb, maga. of, prp, a2; of course, phr, heb mar; of late, adv, a- novel, I adj, nowyth; II n, romans (m), romansow (pl); gynsow; a-gensow (RLC). novel (m), novelys (pl). of that kind, phr, a’n par na; of this kind, phr, a’n par November, n, Du (m); mis Du (m). ma; by means of, prp, der; for the purpose of, prp, now, adv, lemmyn; lebmyn (RLC); y’n eur ma; it is rag; for the sake of, conj, awo‧s; ’wos (RLC); rag now ... (ago), ptl, nans yw ...; nany yw (RLC); now kerensa; rag kerenja (RLC); in memory of, phr, er and again, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC); kov; er ko’ (RLC); in place of, phr, yn le; in spite of, now and then, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow conj, awo‧s; ’wos (RLC); spit dhe2; in the middle of, (RLC); up till now, phr, bys y’n eur ma; bet e’n eur prp, yn mysk; in the name of, prp, a-barth (dhe2); in ma (RLC). the presence of, prp, a-rag; instead of, phr, yn le; lots nowhere, adv, tyller vyth (with neg.); teller veth (RLC). of ..., phr, meur a2 ...; pals ... (follows a pl. noun); nude, adj, noth. masses of ..., phr, showr a2 ...; bosh a2 ...; on behalf of, nuisance (thing) pla (m), plaow (pl); (person), n, mab prp, a-barth (dhe2); out of, prp, yn-mes a2. an pla (m); myrgh an pla (f); begel (m, RLC), off, I adj, (switched off) marow; switch off, vb, begelyow (pl, RLC). skwychya yn farow; skwychya yn-mes; ladha; II prp, number, n, niver (m), niverow (pl); nomber (m), (away) dhe-ves; yn kerdh, ker’ (RLC); I’m off, phr, nombers (pl); myns (m); mens (m, RLC); telephone voyda’ma. number, n, niver pellgowser (m), niverow offend, vb, offendya; (commit a crime) peha; (disgust) pellgowser (pl); niver fon (m, RLC); niverow fon (pl, divlasa. RLC). offer, I n, kynnik (m), kynigow (pl); II vb, profya; numeral, n, niveren (f), niverennow (pl), niverednow kynnik; offra. (pl, RLC). offering, n, ro (m), rohow (pl), royow (pl, RLC); (in numerous, adj, niverus; pals (follows a pl. noun); lies. church) oferen (f), oferennow (pl). nurse, n, klavjior (m), klavjioryon (pl); klavjiores (f), office, n, (workplace) sodhva (f), sodhvaow (pl); (job) klavjioresow (pl). soodh (f), sodhow (pl); post office, n, lytherva (f), nursery school, n, skol veythrin (f), skolyow meythrin lythervaow (pl); the Post Office, n, Sodhva an Post (pl). (f). nut, n, knowen (f), knofen (f, RLC), know (coll); peanut, official, adj, sodhogel. n, knowen dor (f), knofen dor (f, RLC), know dor often, adv, menowgh; yn fenowgh; lieskweyth, lies (coll); walnut, n, knowen Frynk (f), knofen Frenk (f, gweyth; lower gweyth; as often (as), phr, peskweyth RLC), know Frynk (coll). (may5) (followed by vb.). oh, int, (vocative) a2 {Does not mutate “foreign” names.}; O, o (alas) out; agh; ogh; oh dear!, phr, soweth; oh hell!, phr, jowl! O, prt, (vocative particle) a2. {Does not mutate “foreign” oil, n, oyl (m), oylys (pl); oil can, n, podik oyl (m), names.} podigow oyl (pl); oil tanker, n, tanker oyl (m), o’clock, adv, eur (f); er glogh (RLC). tankeryow oyl (pl); olive oil, n, olew (m). oak, n, derwen (f), derowen (f), derow (coll); dar (m), OK, adj, da lowr. deri (pl). old, adj, koth; hen (precedes a noun, archaic); grow

33 old, vb, kothhe‧. opinion, n, breus (m); brys (m); tybyans (m), olive, n, oliven (f), oliv (coll); olive oil, n, olew (m). tybyansow (pl); (f), kussulyow (pl); give an opinion, omelette, n, omlet (m), omlettow (pl); krampothen (f, vb phr, ri breus; rei breus (RLC); hold an opinion, vb RLC), krampothednow (pl, RLC). phr, tybi; in my opinion, phr, dhe’m brys vy. on, I adj, (switched on) byw; bew (RLC); switch on, vb, opportunity, n, spas (m). skwychya yn fyw; enowi; II adv, (onward) a-rag; ’rag oppose, vb, enebi. (RLC); yn-rag; III prp, war2; yn; en (RLC); on behalf opposite, I adj, konter; II prp, a-dal; ’doal (RLC). (of), prp, a-barth (dhe2); on foot, adv, a-droos; on opposition, n, enebieth (f); gorthter (m). purpose, adv, a-borpos; on Sunday, adv, Sulgweyth; oppress, vb, arwaska; kompressa. on the contrary, phr, yn gorthenep; y’n kontrari oppression, n, arwask (m). part; dhe’n kontrari; on the bottom, adv, a-woles; or, conj, po; bo; either ... or ..., phr, po ... po ...; or else, on the left, adv, a-gledh; on the right, adv, a- conj, poke‧n. dhyhow; on the other hand, phr, yn fordh aral; on orange, I adj, (colour) rudhvelyn; II n, (fruit) owraval time, adv, a-brys; a-bres (RLC); on top, adv, a- (m), owravalow (pl). wartha; come on, phr, deus yn-rag (sg), deun yn-rag oration, n, areth (f), arethyow (pl). (1pl), dewgh yn-rag (2pl); go on, phr, ke yn-rag (sg), orator, n, arethor (m), arethoryon (pl). deun yn-rag (1pl), kewgh yn-rag (2pl). orchard, n, avalennek (f), avalenegi (pl), avalenegow once, adv, unnweyth; eneth (RLC); once more, adv, (pl); leur lavalow (m, RLC). (unnweyth) arta; at once, adv, desempis; hware‧; order, I n, (arrangement) aray (m), arayys (pl); skon. (command) gorhemmyn (m), gorhemynnow (pl); one, I card num, onan; onen; (before noun) unn; udn gorebmen (m, RLC), goremednow (pl, RLC); (RLC) {unn/udn lenites a following fem. noun,}; II prn, arhadow (m), arhadowyow (pl); (organisation) urdh onan; onen; huni (used after pub, lies, and kettep); (f), urdhyow (pl); (purchase) arhadow (m), one of two, prn, eyl; one another, phr, an eyl y gila arhadowyow (pl); (rank) order (m), orders (pl); (m); an eyl hy ben (f); one another (reciprocal (religious), ordyr (m), ordyrs (pl); in order to, prp, prefix for verbs), prf, om-; oneself (reflexive prefix rag; II vb, (command) gorhemmyn; gorebma (RLC); for verbs), prf, om-; another one, phr, onan aral; ken komondya; (arrange in order) araya; (request, onan; everyone, prn, peub; pob (RLC); no-one, prn, purchase) erhi; set in order, vb, kempenna; nagonan (with neg.); den vyth (m, with neg.); den kempedna (RLC). veth (RLC); not one, prn, nagonan (with neg.); other ordinary, adj, kemmyn; kebmyn (RLC); sempel; lies ones, phr, re erel; ken re; that one, prn, henna (m); (RLC). honna (f); the one, phr, neb (referring to a person); organ, n, (music) organ (m), organs (pl); mouth organ, an onan; an huni; an eyl (one of two); the one ... the n, harmo‧nika (m), harmo‧nikas (pl). other (f), phr, an eyl ... y gila (m); an eyl ... hy ben (f); organisation, n, kowethyans (m), kowethyansow (pl); the ones, phr, an re; the other ones, phr, an re erel; (abstract) restr(y)ans (m), restr(y)ansow (pl). these ones, phr, an re ma; this one, prn, hemma (m); organise, vb, restra; ordena; orna. homma (f); hebma (m, RLC), hobma (f, RLC); those origin, n, devedhyans (m), devedhyansow (pl); dalleth ones, phr, an re na. (m), dalla (m, RLC), dalethow (pl). onion, n, onyonen (f), onyon (coll). originate, vb, dalleth. on-line, adj, warlinen. ostrich, n, strus (m), strusyow (pl). only, I adj, unn; unnik; udn (RLC); udnik (RLC); the other, adj, aral (sg), erel (pl); ken (precedes noun); only book, n phr, an unn lyver; an udn lever (RLC); another, adj, ken (precedes noun); another one, phr, only child, n, flogh unnik; flogh udnik (RLC); II adv, onan aral; ken onan; each other, phr, an eyl y gila hepke‧n; yn unnik; en udnik (RLC); unnweyth; (m); an eyl hy ben (f); every other day, phr, (every eneth (RLC); only two books, phr, marnas dew lyver; second day) pub nessa dydh; (every day but today) dew lyver yn unnik; if I could only get ..., phr, pub dydh aral; pub unn jorna; pub udn jorna (RLC); unnweyth a kaffen ...; she has only one dog, phr, on the other hand, phr, y’n fordh aral; y’n kontrari nyns eus dhedhi marnas unn ki; nynj eus dhedhi part; y’n barth aral; one another, phr, an eyl y gila ma’s udn kei (RLC). (m); an eyl hy ben (f); the one ... the other (f), phr, onward, adv, yn-rag. an eyl ... y gila (m); an eyl ... hy ben (f); the other open, I adj, ygor; (of land) gwastas; II vb, ygeri; ’geri ones, phr, an re erel. (RLC). otherwise, I adv, ken; I cannot do otherwise (than) ..., opencast mine, n, mongleudh (m), mongleudhyow phr, ny allav gul ken (es) ...; II conj, poke‧n; (pl). otherwise I will go, phr, poke‧n yth av. openly, adv, ape‧rt; o‧penli. our, prn, agan; ’gan (RLC). operate, vb, oberi. ourselves, prn, agan honan. operation, n, oberyans (m), oberyansow (pl). out, adv, yn-mes; mes; a-ves; out of, prp, yn-mes a2; cry

34 out, vb, garma; put out, vb, (expel) gorra yn-mes; (artist) lymner (m), lymnoryon (pl). (extend) ystyn; (extinguish) difudhi. painting, n, (picture) lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl); outcome, n, sywyans (m); diwedh (m). liwyans (m), liwyansow (pl). outside, I adj, yn-mes; mes; a-ves; II adv, (looking) war- pair, n, kopel (m), koplow (pl). ves; look outside, phr, mir war-ves (sg), mirewgh pal, n, sos (m), sos (pl). war-ves (pl); III prp, (location) a-ves (dhe2); yn-mes palace, n, palys (m), palesyow (pl), palesys (pl). (a2); (except for) a-der; a-dar; outside the town, phr, pale, adj, disliw. a-ves dhe’n dre. palm, n, (of hand) palv (f), palvow (pl); (tree) outstanding, adj, meur y vri; dres ehen; pednsyvik palmwedhen (f), palmwydh (coll), palmwedh (coll, (RLC). RLC). oval, n, hirgylgh (m), hirgylghyow (pl). pan, n, padel (f), padellow (pl). oven, n, forn (f), fornow (pl). pancake, n, krampothen (f), krampoth (coll). over, I adj, (ended) diwedhys; (more than) moy age‧s; panda, n, panda (m), pandas (pl). moy es; moy ’vel (RLC); hons; II prp, a-ugh; dres; pane, n, kwarel (m), kwarels (pl). hons (dhe2); over here, adv, hons obma (RLC); over panel, n, panel (m), panellow (pl). there, adv, dres ena; enos; yn-hons; hons ena (RLC); pang, n, gloos (f), glosow (pl). cross over, vb, treusi; pass over, vb, treusi. pantry, n, talgel (f), talgellow (pl). over-, prf, gor-. pants, n, (underpants) lavrek byhan (m), lavrogow overcoat, n, mantel (f), mentylli (pl). byhan (pl); islavrek (m), islavrogow (pl). overgrown, adj, gordevys. paper, n, paper (m), paperyow (pl); paper chain, n, overhead, adv, a-vann; a-vadn (RLC). kadon baper (f), kadonyow paper (pl); paper hat, n, overseas, adj, tramo‧r. hat paper (m), hattow paper (pl). overthrow, vb, domhwel. parachute, n, lammlen (f), lammlennow (pl), owe, vb, tyli. lammlednow (pl, RLC). owl, n, oula (m), oulys (pl); kowan (f), kowannow (pl), paradise, n, paradhis (f). kowadnow (pl, RLC). parasol, n, howllen (f), howllennow (pl), howllednow own, vb, pyw; perhenna, perhedna (RLC); my own, phr, (pl, RLC). ow honan; my own book, phr, ow lyver ow honan. parcel, n, fardel (m), fardellow (pl). owner, n, perhen (m), perhennow (pl), perhednow (pl, parents, n pl, kerens (pl). RLC); perhennek (m), perhednek (m, RLC), parish, n, pluw (f), pluwyow (pl). perhenogyon (pl). park, I n, park (m), parkow (pl); car park, n, park kerri ox, n, ojyon (m), ohen (pl); (young ox, bullock) lonn (m), parkow kerri (pl); II vb, parkya. (m), lonnow (pl); lodn (m, RLC), lodnow (pl, RLC). parliament, n, senedh (m), senedhow (pl); Cornish oyster, n, estren (f), ester (coll). Stannary Parliament, n phr, Konsel Stenegow Kernow; member of parliament (MP), n, esel senedh P, p (m), eseli senedh (pl); abbr, ES. parrot, n, pa‧pynjay (m), pa‧pynjays (pl). pace, n, (stride) kamm (m), kammow (pl); kabm (m, parsley, n, persilen (f), persil (coll). RLC), kabmow (pl, RLC). parson, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl); person (m), package, n, fardel (m), fardellow (pl). personys (pl). paddle, I n, (for rowing) rev dhewbennek (f), revow part, I n, rann (f), rannow (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow dewbennek (pl); rev debednek (m, RLC), revow (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl); part (m); for the most part, phr, dre vras; II vb, (divide) ranna; radna dewbednek (pl, RLC); II vb, (row) revya. 2 n (RLC); the greater part of, phr, brassa rann a ; brassa page, , (of book) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl, 2 RLC); (boy) paja (m), pajys (pl). radn a (RLC). pain, I n, payn (m), paynys (pl); pon (m), ponyow (pl); participate, vb, kemeres rann; kemeres radn (RLC). pystik (m), pystigow (pl); II vb, payna, paynya. particular, adj, arbennek; arbednek (RLC). painful, adj, tynn; tydn (RLC). particularly, adv, dres oll; yn arbennek; yn arbednek paint, I n, liw (m), liwyow (pl); paynt (m), payntow (RLC); specyli. (pl), payntys (pl); kolors (pl, RLC); paint box, n, partnership, n, keskowethyans (m), keskowethyansow kisten liwyow (f), kistennow liwyow (pl), kistednow (pl). liwyow (pl, RLC); paint pot, n, pot paynt (m), pottow party, n, (celebration) kevewi (m), kevewiow (pl); paynt (pl); II vb, (a picture) lymna; (a surface) (political) parti (m), partis (pl), partiow (pl). payntya; liwa; face paint, n, paynt bejeth (m), pass, vb, (pass by) tremena; passya; (pass sth. to sbd.) payntow bejeth (pl). ystyn; pass over, vb, treusi; tremena; come to pass, paintbrush, n, skubellik (f), skubeligow (pl). vb, hwarvos. painter, n, (artisan) payntyer (m), payntyoryon (pl); passport, n, tremengummyas (m), tremengubmyas (m,

35 RLC), tremengumyasow (pl); pasport (m), perceive, vb, percevya; (notice) merkya; (sense) pasportow (pl). klewes; klowes (RLC). password, n, ger tremena (m), geryow tremena (pl). percent, n, kansran (f), kansrannow (pl), kansradnow past, adj, passys, passyes; the past, phr, an termyn eus (pl, RLC). passys; in the past, phr, seulabry‧s; seulabre‧s (RLC); percentage, n, kansran (f), kansrannow (pl), yn termyn eus passys. kansradnow (pl, RLC). pasta, n, pasta (coll). perdition, n, argol (m). paste, n, past (m). perfect, adj, perfeyth; flour. pastry, n, (baked pastry), n, hogen (f), hogennow (pl), perform, vb, (an action) oberi; (a play or piece of hogednow (pl, RLC). music) gwari. pasty, n, pasti (m), pastiow (pl); hwiogen (f), perfume, n, parfum (m); melyseth (m). hwiogennow (pl); koffen (f, RLC), koffednow (pl, perhaps, adv, martesen. RLC). period, n, (age) oos (m), osow (pl); ooj (m, RLC), ojow path, n, hyns (m), hens (m, RLC), hensyow (pl). (pl, RLC); (of time), n, spys (m); oos (m), osow (pl); patience, n, perthyans (m). ooj (m, RLC), ojow (pl, RLC); termyn (m), patron saint, n, tassans (m), tassens (pl). termynyow (pl); (menstrual) termyn an mis (m); pause, I n, powes (m); powesva (f); powesvaow (pl); amseryow (pl). hedh (m), hedhow (pl); II vb, powes; hedhi. periodical, n, lyver termyn (m), lyvrow termyn (pl); pavement, n, kons (m), konsys (pl), konsow (pl). lever termyn (m, RLC), levrow termyn (pl, RLC). paw, n, paw (m), pawyow (pl). permission, n, kummyas (m), kubmyas (m, RLC), pay, I n, gober (m), gobrow (pl); II vb, tyli; pe; pay for, kumyasow (pl); with your permission, phr, der dha vb, pe; prena; pay off, vb phr, akwitya. gummyas (sg), der agas kummyas (pl), der ’gas payment, n, talas (m), talasow (pl). kubmyas (pl, RLC). pea, n, pesen (f), pys (coll), pes (coll, RLC). permit, I n, kummyas (m), kubmyas (m, RLC), peace, n, kres (m). kumyasow (pl); lecyans (m), lecyansow (pl); II vb, peach, n, aval gwlanek (m), avalow gwlanek (pl). gasa; gara (RLC). peacock, n, payon (m), payones (pl). perpetually, adv, anhedhek. peak, n, top (m), toppys (pl). person, n, den (m), tus (pl); (physical body) korf (m), peanut, n, knowen dor (f), knofen dor (f, RLC), know korfow (pl). dor (coll). personal, adj, personel. pearl, n, perl (m), perlys (pl). pet, n, eneval dov (m), enevales dov (pl). pear, n, peren (f), per (coll). petrol (US gasoline), n, petrol (m); menoyl (m); petrol pebble, n, kalester (m); bilien (f), bili (coll). pump, n, pomp petrol (m), pompyow petrol (pl); peel, n, kenn (m). petrol station, n, petrolva (f), petrolvaow (pl); peer, n, (friend) koweth (m), kowetha (pl). petrol tanker, n, tanker petrol (m), tankeryow peg, n, (for clothes) ebil (m), ebilyow (pl). petrol (pl). pelican, n, pelikan (m), pelikanes (pl). pettycoat, n, golesen (f), golesennow (pl), golesednow pen, n, pluven (f), pluvennow (pl), pluvednow (pl, (pl, RLC). RLC). pharmacy, n, (shop) ferylva (f), ferylvaow (pl). pence, n pl, dinerow (pl). phone, I n, pellgowser (m), pellgowseryow (pl); fon (m, pencil, n, pluven blomm (f), pluvennow plomm (pl); RLC), fons (pl, RLC); phone call, n, galow pellgows pluven blobm (f, RLC), pluvednow plobm (pl, RLC); (m); II vb, pellgewsel; pellgowsel (RLC). pyncel plomm (m), pyncels plomm (pl); pyncel photocopy, I n, liesskrif (m), liesskrifow (pl); II vb, plobm (m, RLC), pyncels plobm (pl, RLC). liesskrifa. penguin, n, penn gwynn (m), pennow gwynn (pl); photograph, n, skeusen (f), skeusennow (pl), pedn gwydn (m, RLC), pednow gwydn (pl, RLC). skeusednow (pl, RLC). penis, n, kalgh (m), kalghyow (pl); kal (m), kalyow (pl). photographer, n, skeusenner (m), skeusedner (m, penknife, n, kollel bleg (f), kelylli pleg (pl). RLC), skeusenoryon (pl). penny, n, (coin) dineren (f), dinerennow (pl), physician, n, medhek (m), medhygyon (pl). dinerednow (pl, RLC); (unit of currency) diner (m), physics, n, fysegieth (f). dinerow (pl). piano, n, piano (m), pianos (pl); grand piano, n, piano pension, n, gober omdennans (m), gobrow omdennans bras (m), pianos bras (pl); piano broas (m, RLC), (pl); pensyon (m), pensyons (pl). pianos broas (pl). Pentecost, n, Penkost (m). pick, I n, (tool) pigel (f), pigellow (pl); II vb, (choose) people, n, (nation) pobel (f), poblow (pl); (pl. of dewis; (e.g. flowers) terri; kuntel. person) tus; common people, n pl, gwerin (f). pickles, n pl, skalpyon (pl, RLC). pepper, n, puber (m). picnic lunch, n, kroust (m), kroustyow (pl).

36 picture, n, lymnans (m), lymnansow (pl); liwyans (m), (coll); II vb, plansa. liwyansow (pl). plaster, n, plaster (m), plastrow (pl). pie, n, hogen (f), hogennow (pl), hogednow (pl, RLC); plastic, I adj, hebleth; II n, plastek (m). pastes (m). plate, n, plat (m), platys (pl), platyow (pl); skudel (f, piece, n, tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), RLC), skudellow (pl, RLC). tebmyn (pl, RLC); darn (m), darnow (pl). platform, n, (railway platform) kay (m), kayys (pl), pierce, vb, gwana; pychya. kayow (pl). piercing, adj, (sharp) lymm; lebm (RLC); (body mod.), play, I n, gwari (m), gwariow (pl); II vb, (a game) gwari; n, pychyans (m), pychyansow (pl). (an instrument) seni; (a wind instrument) hwytha. pig, n, hogh (m), hohes (pl); porhel (m), porhelli (pl); playdough, n, tos gwari (m). mogh (pl). player, n, gwarier (m), gwarioryon (pl); record player, pigeon, n, kolom (f), kelemmi (pl), kelebmi (pl, RLC). n, troer plasen (m). piglet, n, porhellik (m), porheligow (pl). playground, n, garth gwari (m), garthow gwari (pl). pigsty, n, krow mogh (m), krowyow mogh (pl). playing place, n, (plen-an-gwary) plen an gwari (m), pilchard, n, hernen (f), hern (coll). plenys an gwari (pl). pile, n, (heap) pil (m), pilyow (pl); bern (m), bernow pleasant, adj, hweg. (pl). please, vb, plesya; plegya (dhe2); if you please, phr, mar pill, n, pelennik (f), pelednik (f, RLC), pelenigow (pl). pleg; my a’th pys jy; my a’th pe’jy (RLC); dre dha pillar, n, koloven (f), kolovennow (pl), kolovednow (pl, vodh (sg); dre’gas bodh (pl). RLC); pyllar (m), pyllars (pl). pleased, adj, pes da. pillow, n, pluvek (f), pluvogow (pl). pleasing, adj, hweg; jentil; be pleasing (to), vb, plegya pilot, n, lewyader (m), lewyadoryon (pl). (dhe2). pin, n, pynn (m), pynnow (pl). pleasure, n, plesour (m), plesours (pl). pincers, n pl, pyncer (m). plenty, n, plenteth (m); liester (m); plenty of, phr, lowr pinch, vb, pynchya. a2 (+ pl. noun); lies (+ sg. noun); in plenty, adv, lowr. pineapple, n, pinaval (m), pinavalow (pl). pliers, n pl, geveligow (pl). pine, n, pinen (f), pin (coll); saben (f), sab (coll). plough, I n, a‧rader (m), e‧reder (pl); II vb, aras. pink, adj, gwynnrudh; kigliw (RLC). ploughshare, n, kolter (m). pint, n, pinta (m), pintys (pl). plug, n, (electrical) ebilyer (m), ebilyers (pl), ebilyorow pipe, n, pib (f), pibow (pl); pibel (f), pibellow (pl). (pl). pipe, vb, piba. plumber, n, plommer (m), plobmer (m, RLC), pirate, n, morlader (m), morladron (pl). plomoryon (pl). pit, n, pyt (m), pyttys (pl); poll (m), pollow (pl); clay plum, n, ploumen (f), ploum (coll). pit, n, poll pri (m), pollow pri (pl). plural, adj, liesplek. pity, n, truedh (m); pyta (m); have pity on, phr, plus (mathematical operator), prp, ha(g). kemeres truedh war2; kemeres truedh a2; take pity pocket, n, pocket (m), pocketys (pl), pocketow (pl); on, phr, kemeres truedh war2; kemeres truedh a2. pocket calculator, n, reknel (f), reknellow (pl). pizza, n, pizza (m), pizzas (pl). podcast, n, podkast (m), podkasts (pl). place, I n, le (m), leow (pl); tyller (m), tyleryow (pl); poem, n, bardhonek (m), bardhonogow (pl); kan (f), teller (m, RLC), teleryow (pl, RLC); plas (m), plassow kanow (pl). (pl); (at table), plas (m), plassow (pl); high place, n, poet, n, prydydh (m), prydydhyon (pl); (bard) bardh ardh (m), ardhow (pl); playing place, n, (plen-an- (m), berdh (pl). gwary) plen an gwari (m), plenys an gwari (pl); in poetry, n, bardhonieth (m); prydydhieth (m). place of, phr, yn le; take place, vb, hwarvos; II vb, point, n, poynt (m), poyntys (pl); (tip of an object) settya; gorra. bleyn (m), bleynyow (pl); (of land) tron (m), placed, adj, settyes, settys. tronyow (pl). plain, I adj, (unadorned) plen; (to see) ape‧rt; II n, plen poison, n, gwenon (m); gwenwyn (m, RLC). (m), plenys (pl); goon (f, RLC), gonyow (pl, RLC). poisonous, adj, gwenonek; gwenwynek (RLC). plainly, adv, plenli. polar bear, n, ors gwynn (m), orses gwynn (pl); ors plan, I n, towl (m), towlow (pl); II vb, tewlel towl; towla gwydn (m, RLC), orses gwydn (pl, RLC). (RLC); make a plan, phr, tewlel; towl; towla (RLC). pole, n, gwelen (f), gwelynni (pl), gwelydni (pl, RLC); plane, I n, (tool), n, rask (f), raskow (pl); (aircraft) jynn peul (m), peulyow (pl); polyen (f, RLC). ebron (m), jynnys ebron (pl), jynnow ebron (pl); police, n, kreslu (m); police car, n, karr kreslu (m), ayrplen (m, RLC), ayrplens (pl, RLC); II vb, playnya. kerri kreslu (pl). planet, n, planet (m), planetys (pl), planetow (pl). policeman, n, gwithyas kres (m), gwithysi gres (pl); plank, n, astel (f), estyl (pl). kreswas (m), kreswesyon (pl). plant, I n, (bot.) les (m), lesyow (pl); losowen (f), losow policewoman, n, gwithyades gres (f), gwithyadesow

37 kres (pl). (pl). policy, n, polici (m), policis (pl). pour, vb, diveri. polite, adj, kortes. poverty, n, bohosogneth (f). political, adj, politek. powder, n, polter (m). politics, n, politegieth (f). power, n, gallos (m); nerth (m), nerthyow (pl). poll, n, (election) votyans (m), votyansow (pl); (survey) powerful, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC); nerthek; sondyans (m), sondyansow (pl). kevothek. pollute, vb, defola; defolya. practical, adj, hewul. pollution, n, defol(y)ans (m). practice, vb, praktisya; omassaya. pond, n, lagen (f), lagennow (pl), lagednow (pl, RLC); praise, vb, praysya. poll (m), pollow (pl). pram, n, pramm (m), prammow (pl). ponder, vb, prederi; ombrederi. pray, vb, pysi; peji (RLC). pony, n, hoba (m), hobas (pl). prayer, n, pysadow (m); pejadow (m, RLC). pool, n, poll (m), pollow (pl); swimming pool, n, poll pre- , prf, rag-. neuvya (m), pollow neuvya (pl). preach, vb, pregoth; poroga (RLC). poor, adj, bohosek; bohojek (RLC); poor person, n, precious, adj, drudh. bohosek (m), bohosogyon (pl); bohojek (m, RLC), precise, adj, pora‧n. bohojogyon (pl, RLC). precisely, adv, pora‧n. popcorn, n, ys pop (coll); kernel of popcorn, n, ysen prefer, vb, preferya; I prefer, phr, gwell yw genev; my a pop (f). vedn kens (RLC). pope, n, pab (m), pabow (pl). pregnant, adj, gans flogh; torrek. poppy, n, myll (f), mylles (pl.) prepare, vb, pareusi; paruji (RLC); darbari; fyttya; para popular, adj, (of the people) gwerinek. (RLC); prepare oneself, vb, ombareusi; in population, n, poblans (m), poblansow (pl). preparation for, prp, erby‧nn; erby‧dn (RLC); warby‧ porch, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). nn; warby‧dn (RLC). pork, n, kig porhel (m); kig mogh (m). presence, n, golok (f), gologow (pl); in the presence of, porpoise, n, morhogh (m), morhohes (pl). prp phr, a-rag. porridge, n, yos (m). present, I adj, a-lemmyn; a-lebmyn (RLC); at present, port, n, porth (m), porthow (pl). adv, y’n eur ma; lemmyn; lebmyn (RLC); II n, portable, adj, degadow. (offering) ro (m), rohow (pl), royow (pl, RLC); III vb, portion, n, darnas (m), darnasow (pl); rann (f), rannow (something to someone) ri; rei (RLC); (introduce) (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow (pl, RLC). komendya. possess, vb, pyw; perhenna; perhedna (RLC). presently, adv, y’n eur ma. possession, n, pyth (m), peth (m, RLC), pethow (pl). preserve (from), vb, gwitha (rag). possibility, n, possybylta (m), possybyltas (pl). preserves, n, (jam) kyfeyth (m), kyfeythyow (pl). possible, adj, possybyl. president, n, lewydh (m), lewydhyon (pl). possibly, adv, martesen. press, I n, gwask (f); II vb, gwaska. post, n, (mail) post (m); post office, n, lytherva (f), pressure, n, poos (m), posow (pl). lythervaow (pl); the Post Office, n, Sodhva an Post pretend, vb, omwul. (f). pretty, adj, teg; pretty thing, n, tegen (f), tegennow postage stamp, n, stamp (m), stampow (pl). (pl). postcard, n, karten bost (f), kartennow post (pl), prevent, vb, lettya; lesta. kartednow post (pl, RLC). previous, adj, kyns; kens (RLC). poster, n, skrisel (f), skrisellow (pl). price, n, pris (m), prisyow (pl); be priced, vb, talvos. postman, n, lytherwas (m), lytherwesyon (pl). priest, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl). pot, n, pot (m), pottys (pl), pottow (pl). primrose, n, briallen (f), brialli (coll). potato, n, aval dor (m), avalow dor (pl); tetti (m, RLC), prince, n, pennsevik (m), pennsevigyon (pl); pednsyvik tettys (pl, RLC); patatysen (f), patatys (coll); mashed (m, RLC), pednsyvigyon (pl, RLC). potato, n, aval dor brewys (m), avalow dor brewys princess, n, pennseviges (f), pennsevigesow (pl); (pl); potato chip, n, skomm (m), skommow (pl); pednsyviges (f, RLC), pednsyvigesow (pl, RLC). skobm (m, RLC), skobmow (pl, RLC); asklosen (f), principal, I adj, chyf; II n, (head teacher) asklos (coll); potato crisp, n, kresik (m), kresigow penndhyskador (m), penndhyskadoryon (pl); (pl). pedndheskajor (m, RLC), pedndheskajoryon (pl, potent, adj, galosek; galojek (RLC). RLC). pottery, n, (craft) priweyth (m); (factory), n, print, vb, pryntya. priweythva (f), priweythvaow (pl). printer, n, pryntyer (m), pryntyoryon (pl). pound, n, (currency or weight) peuns (m), peunsow prison, n, prison (m), prisonyow (pl), prisons (pl).

38 private, adj, privedh. pull, vb, tenna; tedna (RLC).. prize, n, pewas (m), pewasow (pl); pris (m), prisyow pulse, n, (beat) pols (m), polsyow (pl); polj (m, RLC), (pl). poljyow (pl, RLC). probably, adv, del hevel; dres lycklod (RLC). pump, n, pomp (m), pompyow (pl); pompel (f), problem, n, problem (m), problemow (pl), problems pompellow (pl); petrol pump, n, pomp petrol (m), (pl); kudyn (m), kudynnow (pl). pompyow petrol (pl). process, n, argerdh (m), argerdhow (pl). pumpkin, n, pompyon (m), pompyons (pl). proclaim, vb, gwarnya. pungent, adj, flerys. proclamation, n, gwarnyans (m), gwarnyansow (pl). punishment, n, kessydhyans (m), kessydhyansow (pl). procure, vb, gwaynya. pupil, n, (student) dyskybel (m), dyskyblon (pl). produce, vb, askorra; askor. puppet, n, popet (m), popetys (pl), popetow (pl). product, n, askorras (m). puppy, n, kolyn (m), kelyn (pl). profession, n, galwesigeth (m), galwesigethow (pl). purchase, vb, prena; perna (RLC). profile, n, profil (m), profilys (pl). pure, adj, pur. profit, I n, budh (m), budhow (pl); les (m); II vb, purple, adj, purpur; glasrudh. gwaynya. purpose, n, porpos (m); mynnas (m); for the purpose programme, n, towlen (f), towlennow (pl), towlednow of, prp, rag; on purpose, adv, a-borpos. (pl, RLC); television programme, n, towlen purse, n, pors (m), porsys (pl); yalgh (f), yalhow (pl). bellwolok (f), towlennow pellwolok (pl). push, vb, herdhya. progress, I n, avoncyans (m); II vb, avoncya. push-chair, n, kador herdhya (f), kadoryow herdhya prohibit, vb, difen. (pl). prohibited, adj, difennys; difednys (RLC). put, vb, gorra; put in order, vb, araya; put out, vb, project, n, towl (m), towlow (pl). (expel) gorra yn-mes; (extend) ystyn; (extinguish) promise, I n, ambos (m), ambosow (pl); promis (m), difudhi; put together, vb, framya; komposa (RLC); promisyow (pl); II vb, ambosa; promisya. put up with, vb, perthi; put your name down, phr, ri pronunciation, n, leveryans (m), leveryansow (pl). dha hanow; rei dha hanow (RLC). proof, n, prov (m). pyjamas, n pl, pyjama (m), pyjamas (pl). proper, adj, ewn. property, n, (goods) pyth (m), peth (m, RLC), pethow Q, q (pl). prophet, n, profos (m), profosi (pl). quality, n, kwalita (f); (aspect of character) gnas (f); proposal, n, profyans (m); profyansow (pl). gnasow (pl). propose, vb, profya. quarrel, I n, kedry‧nn (f), kedrynnow (pl); kedry‧dn (f, proposition, n, kynnik (m), kynigow (pl). RLC), kedrydnow (pl, RLC); dalva (f), dalvaow (pl); II propriety, n, komposter (m). vb, kedrynna; kedrydna (RLC); omdhal. prostitute, n, hora (f), horys (pl). quarry, n, (mine) mengleudh (m), mengleudhyow (pl). protect, vb, difres; protect from, vb, gwitha rag. quarter, n, kwarter (m); (fraction) kwarten (f); (region) Protestant, n, Protestant (m), Protestans (pl). kwartron (m); (of year), n, trymis (m). proud, adj, gothus; prout. quay, n, kay (m), kayys (pl), kayow (pl). prove, vb, previ; preva (RLC); prove oneself, vb, queen, n, myghternes (f), myghternesow (pl); ombrevi. my’ternes (f, RLC), my’ternesow (pl, RLC); ruwvanes provide, vb, provia. (f), ruwvanesow (pl). province, n, pow (m), powyow (pl). question, I n, govyn (m), govynnow (pl), govydnow (pl, prune, n, ploumen sygh (f), ploum sygh (coll); RLC); kwestyon (m), kwestyonow (pl); II vb, govyn; ploumen segh (f, RLC), ploum segh (coll, RLC). (test by questions) apposya. pub, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl); diwotti (m), queue, I n, lost (m), lostow (pl), lostyow (pl); II vb, gul diwottiow (pl). lost; lostya. public, adj, poblek; public house, n, tavern (m), quick, adj, snell; uskis; skav. tavernyow (pl); diwotti (m), diwottiow (pl); public quickly, adv, snell; uskis; yn skav; skon. speaker, n, arethor (m), arethoryon (pl). quiet, I adj, kosel; tawesek; dison; II n, kosoleth (m); publish, vb, dyllo. taw (m). pudding, n, podin (m), podins (pl); (dessert) wojow quite, adv, (rather) lowr (follows adj.); (precisely) (pl); (black p.) gosogen (f), gosogennow (pl); pora‧n; (very) glan; teg. gojogen (f, RLC), gojogednow (pl, RLC). puddle, n, pollen (f), polennow (pl), polednow (pl, RLC). R, r puffin, n, nath (m), nathes (pl); popa (m), popys (pl).

39 rabbit, n, konin (m), konines (pl). ready, I adj, parys; make ready, vb, pareusi; paruji race, I n, (competition) resek (m), resegow (pl); (RLC). (ethnicity) agh (f), ahow (pl); hil (m), hilyow (pl); real, adj, (actual) gwir. human race, phr, mab den (m); II vb, resek. really, adv, y’n gwir; yn tevri; dhe wir. racing car, n, karr resek (m), kerri resek (pl). reap, vb, mysi. racing driver, n, lewyer resek (m), lewyoryon resek rear, vb, (raise children) maga; meythrin. (pl). reared, adj, (raised) megys. racist, n, hilgaswas (m), hilgaswesyon (pl); hilegydh reason, n, (cause of something) acheson (m), (m), hilegydhyon (pl). achesonys (pl); cheson (m), chesonys (pl); skila (f), rack, n, kloos (f), klosyow (pl). skilys (pl); kaws (m, RLC), kawsow (pl, RLC); praga racket, n, racket (m), racketow (pl); (noise) habadolya (m); (logic) poll (m). (m). rebel, I n, rebel (m), rebels (pl); II vb, rebellya. radiator, n, dewynyadel (f), dewynyadellow (pl). rebellion, n, rebellyans (m), rebelyansow (pl). radio, n, radyo (m), radyos (pl), radyoyow (pl); diwiver recall, vb, (remember) perthi kov (a2). (m). receive, vb, degemeres; kemeres; receva. radish, n, redigen (f), redik (coll). recent, adj, a-dhiwedhes. rag, n, pilen (f), pilennow (pl), pilednow (pl, RLC). recently, adv, a-gynsow; a-gensow (RLC); a-lergh railing, n, peulge (m), peulgeow (pl). (RLC). railway, n, hyns horn (m), hens horn (m, RLC), reception, n, kemeryans (m), kemeryansow (pl); hensyow horn (pl); railway station, n, gorsav (m), reception area, n, degemerva (f); degemervaow (pl). gorsavow (pl). recognise, vb, aswon; ajon (RLC). rain, I n, glaw (m); II vb, gul glaw. recollect, vb, perthi kov (a2). rainbow, n, kammneves (f), kammnevesow (pl); recollection, n, kov (m), ko’ (m, RLC), kovyow (pl). kabmdhavas (f, RLC), kabmdhavasow (pl, RLC). recommend, vb, komendya. raincoat, n, kota glaw (m), kotys glaw (pl); mantel law record, I n, (document) kovadh (m), kovadhow (pl); (f), mentylli glaw (pl). (world record), n, rekord (m), rekordys (pl); (disc) raise, vb, (lift, build) drehevel; derevel (RLC); (raise plasen (f), plasennow (pl), plasednow (pl, RLC); children) maga; raise up, vb, sevel. record player, n, troer plasen (m); II vb, rekordya; rake, n, rakan (m), rakanow (pl). (audio) sonskrifa. ram, n, (animal) hordh (m), hordhes (pl); hor’ (m, recorder (musical instrument), n, tollgorn Sowsnek RLC), hor’es (pl, RLC). (m), tollgern Sowsnek (pl). range, n, rifle range, n, tenva (f), tenvaow (pl). recover, vb, (get back) daskavos; (from an illness) rape, vb, ravna. yaghhe‧; omwellhe‧. rank, n, renk (m), renkow (pl), renkyow (pl). rectangle, n, hirbedrek (m), hirbedrogow (pl). rare, adj, (uncommon) tanow; treweythus. red, adj, rudh. raspberry, n, avanen (f), avan (coll). redo, vb, daswul. rate, n, (mathematical) kevradh (m), kevradhow (pl); reduce, vb, byhanhe‧; bianhe‧ (RLC). (tax) toll (f), tollow (pl); at any rate, phr, yn neb kas; reef, n, krib (f), kribow (pl). water rate, n, toll dhowr (f), tollow dowr (pl). reflect, vb, (throw back light) dastewynnya; rather, adv, kyns; kens (RLC); I would rather, phr, gwell dastewydnya (RLC); (think upon) prederi; via genev; my a vynsa kyns; my a venja kens (RLC). ombrederi. rat, n, rath (f), rathes (pl); logojen vroas (f, RLC), logos refrain, n, pusorn (m), pusornow (pl). broas (coll, RLC). refrigerator, n, yeynel (f), yeynellow (pl). raven, n, bran vras (f), brini bras (pl), brini broas (pl, refuge, n, harber (m), harberys (pl). RLC). refusal, n, nagh (m). raw, adj, kriv. refuse, vb, naha; skonya; refusya. ray, n, (light) ray (m), rayys (pl); dewyn (m), regard, I n, govis (m), govisyon (pl); best regards, phr, dewynnow (pl). gorhemynadow a’n gwella; II vb, mires orth; as razor, n, alsen (f), alsennow (pl), alsednow (pl, RLC); regards, phr, ow tochya; yn kever. alten (f), altennow (f, pl), altednow (pl, RLC). region, n, pow (m), powyow (pl); ranndir (m), reach, vb, (attain, arrive at) drehedhes; reach out ranndiryow (pl); tiredh (m), tiredhow (pl); kost (m), (extend), vb, ystyn. kostys (pl). read, vb, redya; read aloud, vb, lenna. regional, adj, ranndiryel. reader, n, redyer (m), redyoryon (pl); redyores (f), register, vb, kovskrifa. redyoresow (pl); lenner (m), lenoryon (pl). regret, I n, edrek; II vb, edrega; I regret, phr, edrek a’m reading, n, redyans (m), redyansow (pl). beus; drog yw genev. readily, adv, prest. regular, adj, reyth.

40 regularly, adv, (frequently) yn fenowgh; (correctly) yn retire, vb, omdenna; omdedna (RLC). reyth. retired, adj, omdennys; omdednys (RLC). regulate, vb, rewlya; rowlya (RLC). retirement, n, omdennans (m), omdednans (m, RLC), regulation, n, rewl (f), rewlys (pl), rowlys (pl, RLC). omdenansow (pl). rehearsal, n, assay (m), assays (pl). return, I n, dehwelans (m), dehwelansow (pl); reign, vb, reynya. dehwelyans (m), dehwelyansow (pl); II vb, (to a reindeer, n, karow ergh (m), kerwys ergh (pl). place) dehweles; (return sth. to somebody) daskor; rejoice, vb, lowenhe‧; omlowenhe‧; rejoycya. rei arta (RLC). relate, vb, (tell to) derivas (dhe). revival, n, dasserghyans (m), dasserghyansow (pl). related, adj, (by blood) unwos. revive, vb, dasvewa; dasserhi. relation, n, (family member) kar (m), kerens (pl); kares revolt, I n, rebellyans (m), rebelyansow (pl); (f), karesow (pl); neskar (m), neskerens (pl). domhwelans (m), domhwelansow (pl); II vb, relative, n, kar (m), kerens (pl). domhwel; omsevel. release, vb, dyllo; livra. revolting, adj, kasadow. relieve, vb, difres. revolution, n, domhwelans (m), domhwelansow (pl). religion, n, kryjyans (m), kryjyansow (pl); relyjyon (m, reward, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl); pris (m), prisyow RLC). (pl); pewas (m), pewasow (pl). reluctant, adj, hell; anvodhek; I am reluctant to..., phr, rhinoceros, n, trongornvil (m), trongornviles (pl). poos yw genev.... rib, n, asowen (f), asow (coll). reluctantly, adv, a’m anvodh, a’y anvodh. ribbon, n, snod (m), snodow (pl); ryban (m), rybanys remain, vb, gortos; (stay) triga. (pl). remainder, n, remenant (m), remenantys (pl), rice, n, ris (coll); grain of rice, n, risen (f). remenans (pl). rich, adj, rych; (wealthy) kevothek; golusek. remake, vb, daswul. riches, n pl, rychys; pethow. remember, vb, perthi kov (a2); remembra; kova (RLC). ride, vb, (a horse) marhogeth. remind, vb, kovhe‧. rider, n, marhek (m), marhogyon (pl); marhoges (f), remote, adj, pell; remote control, n, pellvotonek (f), marhogesow (pl). pellvotonegi (pl). ridge, n, kriben (f), kribennow (pl), kribednow (pl, remove, vb, (delete) dilea. RLC); keyn (m), keynow (pl). renounce, vb, naha. ridiculous, adj, hwarthus. renowned, adj, geryes. rifle range, n, tenva (f), tenvaow (pl). rent, I n, rent (m); II vb, gobrena. right, I adj, (correct) kompes; ewn; gwir; reyth; repair, vb, ewnhe‧. (suitable) gwiw; gwew (RLC); reyth; (exact) kewar; repent, vb, repentya. (opposite to left) dyhow; on the right (side), adv, a- reply, I n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl); II vb, gorthebi. dhyhow; right-handed, adj, dyhow; II n, gwir (m), report, n, derivas (m). gwiryow (pl); set right, vb, amendya; ewna; owna reporter, n, derivador (m), derivadoryon (pl). (RLC); you are right, phr, yma’n gwir genes (sg), repose, n, powes (m). yma’n gwir genowgh (pl). republic, n, repoblek (f), repoblegi (pl). ring, I n, (circle, hoop) kylgh (m), kylghyow (pl); reputation, n, bri (f); ger da (m); pris (m), prisyow (pl). (jewelry) bysow (m), besow (m, RLC); bysowyer (pl); rescue, vb, sawya. ring finger, n, bys bysow (m); bes besow (m, RLC); II rescuer, n, sawyas (m), sawysi (pl). vb, (ring a bell) seni. research, n, hwithrans (m), hwithransow (pl). ringmaster, n, mester cirk (m), mestrysi cirk (pl). resembling, adj, haval; he resembles you, phr, haval yw rip, vb, skwardya. dhis. ripe, adj, adhves. residence, n, treveth (f), trevethow (pl). ripen, vb, adhvesi. resist, vb, sevel orth. rise, vb, sevel; savel (RLC); rising tide, n, lanow (m). resolve, vb, ervira; digelmi. risk, n, peryl (m), peryllow (pl). respect, n, reowta (m); with respect to, prp, yn kever river, n, avon (f), avonyow (pl); awon (f, RLC), (when referring to people; used with poss. prns.). awonyow (pl, RLC); ryver (m), ryvers (pl); (in name response, n, gorthyp (m), gorthebow (pl). of river) dowr (m), dowrow (pl); river-mouth, n, rest, I n, (relaxation) powes (m); (remainder), n, heyl (m), heylyow (pl); aber (m), aberyow (pl) {In remenant (m), remenantys (pl), remenans (pl); II vb, place-names.}. powes. road, n, fordh (f), fordhow (pl); for’ (f, RLC), for’ow (pl, restaurant, n, bosti (m), bostiow (pl). RLC); hyns (m), hens (m, RLC), hensyow (pl). restore, vb, daskor. roast, I n, rost (m); II vb, rostya. result, n, sewyans (m), sewyansow (pl). rob, vb, ladra; robbya.

41 robber, n, lader (m), ladron (pl). (financial) diswrians (m); II vb, shyndya. robbery, n, (in general) ladrynsi (m); (individual ruined, adj, diswrys. crime) ladrans (m), ladransow (pl). rule, I n, rewl (f), rewlys (pl), rowlys (pl, RLC); II vb, robin, n, rudhek (m), rudhogyon (pl). (e.g. a country) rewlya; rowlya (RLC). robot, n, robot (m), robotow (pl). ruler, n, (tool) rewlel (f), rewlellow (pl); skantlin (m, rock, n, (stone) karrek (f), kerrek (pl), karygi (pl); RLC), skantlins (pl, RLC). (music) rock (m). rum, n, (drink) romm (m); dowr tomm molas (m); towr rocket, n, fusen (f), fusennow (pl), fusednow (pl, RLC). tobm molas (m, RLC). rocking horse, n, margh leska (m), mergh leska (pl). rumour, n, kyhwedhel (m), kyhwedhlow (pl). rod, n, gwelen (f), gwel (coll). run, vb, (run a race) resek; (of water) resek; roe-deer, n, yorgh (f), yorhes (pl). (strenuously) ponya; run away, vb phr, diank; jank role, n, rann (f), rannow (pl); radn (f, RLC), radnow (pl, (RLC); fia (dhe’n fo). RLC). runner, n, reser (m), resoryon (pl). roll, I n, (list, roll of paper) rol (f), rolyow (pl); (bread) runway, n, (airport) hyns tira (m), hens tira (m, RLC), bara byhan (m); II vb, rolya. hensyow tira (pl). roller, n, (in a car wash) jynn rolya (m), jynnow rolya rush, I n, bronnen (f), bronn (coll); brodnen (f, RLC), (pl). brodn (coll, RLC); II vb, (hurry) fistena. roller skate, n, roskis (m), roskisyow (pl). rye, n, sugal (coll), grain of rye, n, sugalen (f). roof, n, to (m), tohow (pl). room, n, (in a building) stevel (f), stevellow (pl); rom (m), romys (pl); (space), n, spas (m); bathroom, n, S, s stevel omwolhi (f), stevellow omwolhi (pl); bedroom, n, chambour (m), chambours (pl); dining sack, n, sagh (m), seghyer (pl), syher (pl, RLC). room, n, stevel dhybri (f), stevellow dybri (pl); sackcloth, n, yskar (m). stevel dhebri (f, RLC), stevellow debri (pl, RLC); sacking, n, yskar (m). living room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl); sitting sacrifice, vb, sakrifia, sakrifisa (RLC). room, n, esedhva (f), esedhvaow (pl); waiting room, sad, adj, trist; truedhek; truesi. n, stevel wortos (f), stevelow gortos (pl); rom gortos sadden, vb, duwena; tristhe‧; duwenhe‧. (m), romys gortos (pl). saddle, n, diber (m), dibrow (pl). root, n, gwreydhen (f), gwreydh (coll). sadly, adv, truan; yn truan; yn truedhek. rope, n, lovan (f), lovanow (pl); rope ladder, n, skeul sadness, n, tristans (m); duwon (m). lovan (f), skeulyow lovan (pl). safe, I adj, salow; saw; II n, kofer saw (m), kofrow saw rose, n, rosen (f), ros (coll); primrose, n, briallen (f), (pl); kofer horn (m), kofrow horn (pl). brialli (coll). safeguard, vb, gwitha; diogeli. rot, vb, pedri; breyna. saffron, n, safran (m); saffron cake, n, tesen safran (f), rotten, adj, poder; podrek; breyn. tesennow safran (pl), tesednow safran (pl, RLC). rough, adj, garow. sail, I n, gool (m), golyow (pl); II vb, golya. round, I adj, rond; krenn; kern (RLC); II adv, a-dro; sailing boat, n, skath wolya (f), skathow golya (pl). andro (RLC); III n, tro (f), troyow (pl); kylgh (m), 2 sailor, n, marner (m), marners (pl). kylghyow (pl); IV prp, a-dro dhe . saint, n, sans (m), sens (pl); sanses (f), sansesow (pl). roundabout, n, (traffic) fordh a-dro (f), fordhow a-dro sake, n, kerensa (f); kerenja (f, RLC); for the sake of, (pl); for’-a-dro (f, RLC), for’ow a-dro (pl, RLC); (play) phr, rag kerensa a2; a-barth; awo‧s; for God’s sake!, res a-dro (m), resow a-dro (pl). phr, a-barth Duw! rounded, adj, kromm; krobm (RLC); rond. salad, n, salad (m), sa‧ladys (pl). router, n, (WLAN) routyel (f), routyellow (pl). salami, n, salami (m), salamis (pl). row, I n, (disturbance) habadollya (m); (line) rew (m), salary, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl). rewyow (pl); II vb, (a boat) revya. sale, n, (event) gwerth (f), gwerthow (pl); (act of rowboat, n, skath revya (f), skathow revya (pl). selling) gwerthas (m), gwerthasow (pl); for sale, phr, rub, vb, rutya. dhe wertha. rubber, n, (eraser) rutyer (m), rutyeryow (pl). salesman, n, gwerther (m), gwerthoryon (pl); rubbish, n, atal (coll); skoll (m); tredn (m, RLC). gwerthores (f), gwerthoresow (pl); marchont (m), rucksack, n, sagh keyn (m), seghyer keyn (pl). marchons (pl). rudder, n, lyw (m), lewyow (pl). saleswoman, n, gwerthores (f), gwerthoresow (pl). rude, adj, diskortes. salmon, n, ehek (m), ehoges (pl), ehogyon (pl); rug, n, strel (m), strelyow (pl). sowman (m), sowmans (pl). rugby, n, rugbi (m). salt, I n, holan (m), holanow (pl); salt water, n, hyli (m); ruin, I n, (building) magor (f), magoryow (pl); II adj, sall; holanek; sellys.

42 salty, adj, holanek; sall; sellys. scholarly, adj, skolheygel; deskys broas (RLC). salvation, n, selwyans (m); salvacyon (m). school, n, skol (f), skolyow (pl). same, adj, keth (precedes the noun); an unn; the same schoolbook, n, lyver skol (m), lyvrow skol (pl); lever as, phr, an keth ha; the same one, phr, an keth onan; skol (m, RLC), levrow skol (pl, RLC). the same length as, phr, kehy‧s ha; kehe‧s ha (RLC); schoolboy, n, skolvaw (m), skolvebyon (pl). at the same time, phr, yn kettermyn. schoolgirl, n, skolvowes (f), skolvowysi (pl). sanctity, n, sansoleth (f); benesikter (m); benejikter schoolhouse, n, skolji (m), skoljiow (pl). (m, RLC). schoolmaster, n, skolvester (m), skolvestrysi (pl). sand, I n, tewes (coll); treth (m), trethow (pl). schoolmistress, n, skolvestres (f), skolvestresow (pl). sandal, n, sandal (m), sa‧ndalys (pl). science, n, skiens (m); godhonieth (f). sandcastle, n, kastel tewes (m), kastylli tewes (pl). scientific, adj, skiensek; godhoniethek. sandpaper, n, paper gweder (m), paper grow (m); scientist, n, skiensek (m), skiensogyon (pl); paper tewesi (m). skiensydhes (f), skiensydhesow (pl); godhonydh sandwich, n, baramanyn (m), baramanynnow (pl), (m), godhonydhyon (pl); godhonydhes (f), baramanydnow (pl, RLC); maw (m), maws (pl). godhonydhesow (pl). sandy, adj, tewesek. scissors, n, gwelsow byhan (pl); gwelsigow (pl); sardine, n, hernen (f), hern (coll). gweljow (pl, RLC). satellite, n, (moon) loor (f), loryow (pl); (artificial) lorel scold, vb, tavosa; keredhi. (f), lorellow (pl). scone, n, skonsen (f), skons (coll). satisfied, adj, pes da. Scot, n, Alban (m), Albanyon (pl); Albanes (f), Saturday, n, Sadorn (m); dy’Sadorn (m); de’Sadorn (m, Albanesow (pl). RLC); Saturday night, n phr, dy’Sadorn dhe nos. Scotland, top, Alban (m). Saturn, name, Sadorn (m). Scottish, adj, albanek. sauce, n, sows (m), sowsow (pl), sowsys (pl). scrape, vb, kravas; ratha. saucepan, n, padel dhorn (f), padellow dorn (pl). scratch, vb, kravas. saucer, n, padellik (m), padeligow (pl). scream, vb, garma; skrija; usa. sausage, n, selsigen (f), selsik (coll), selsigennow (pl); scree, n, radel (m); rajel (m). (black pudding) gojogen (f, RLC), gojogednow (pl, screen, n, (partition) paros (m), parosyow (pl); (guard) RLC). skew (f), skewyow (pl); (computer) skrin (m), skrins save, vb, (life) sawya; (keep) difres; (money) erbysi. (pl); skramm (m), skrammow (pl); skrabm (m, RLC), savings, n pl, erbysyow (pl). skrabmow (pl, RLC). saviour, n, sylwyas (m), selwysi (pl); savyour (m), screw, I n, skrew (m), skrewys (pl); trogenter (f), savyours (pl). trogentrow (pl); II vb, trogentra; (copulate) kyjya. saw, I n, hesken (f), heskennow (pl), heskednow (pl, screwdriver, n, trogentrel (f), trogentrellow (pl). RLC); II vb, heskenna; heskedna (RLC). scripture, n, skriptor (m), skriptors (pl). sawdust, n, bleus hesken (m). scruple, n, danjer (m). say, vb, leverel; lawl (RLC); she says/said, phr, yn-medh scum, n, (film on liquid) kenn (m); kedn (m, RLC); hi; ’medh hei (RLC). (filth) lastedhes (m). saying, n, lavar (m), lavarow (pl). scummy, adj, kennek; kednek (RLC). scab, n, kragh (m), krehi (pl). sea, n, mor (m), moryow (pl); put to sea, go to sea, phr, scales, n, mantol (f), mantolyow (pl). mora; mos dhe vor; mos dhe mor (RLC); the Black scandal, n, sklander (m), sklanderyow (pl); bisme‧r Sea, top, an Mor Du (m). (m), bisme‧rs (pl). seagull, n, golan (f), golanes (pl). scar, n, kreythen (f), kreyth (coll). seal, I n, (animal) reun (m), reunes (pl), reunyon (pl); scarce, adj, skant; tanow; scarcely, adv, skant (+neg.); (signet) sel (f), selys (pl), selyow (pl); II vb, selya. skantlowr. seaman n, marner (m), marners (pl). scarcity, n, tanowder. search, I n, helgh (m); II vb, hwilas; hwithra. scare, I n, own (m); II vb, gorra own yn. seashore n, (seaside) morrep (m), morrebow (pl); scarecrow, n, bocka (m), bockas (pl), bockyas (pl). (beach) treth (m); (coast) arvor (m). scared, adj, ownek; I was scared, phr, own a’m beu. season, n, seson (m), sesons (pl), sesonyow (pl). scarf, n, lien konna (m), lienyow konna (pl); lien kodna seat I n, esedh (f), esedhow (pl); kador (f), kadoryow (m, RLC), lienyow kodna (pl, RLC). (pl). scheme, n, plot (m); towlen (f). seawave, n, mordon (f), mordonnow (pl), mordodnow scent, n, ethen (f), eth (coll). (pl, RLC). sceptical, adj, anhegol. seaweed, n, gommon (coll); gobmon (coll, RLC). scholar, n, skoler (m), skoloryon (pl); skolores (f), second, I (time) n, sekond (m), sekondys (pl); II ord skoloresow (pl). num, nessa; sekond; eyl; abbr, 2a; III vb, eyla;

43 skoodhya. seventeen, card num, seytek secret, I adj, kel; kevrinek; II n, kevrin (m), kevrinyow seventeenth, ord num, seytegves; abbr, 17ves. (pl). seventh, ord num, seythves; abbr, 7ves. section, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl). seventieth, ord num, degves ha tri-ugens; degves ha secure, adj, saw; diogel. trei-ugens (RLC); abbr, 70ves. security, n, diogeledh (m); sekerder (m); sawder (m). seventy, card num, deg ha tri-ugens; deg ha trei-ugens see, vb, gweles. (RLC). seed n, hasen (f), hasennow (pl), hasednow (pl, RLC), several, adj, lies (with sg.); meur a2 (with pl.); (a few) has (coll). nebes. seek, vb, hwilas. severe, adj, kales; a-has; sevur. seem, vb, heveli; it seems to me, phr, yth hevel sew, vb, gwrias. dhymm; as it seems, phr, del hevel. sex, n, reydh (f); (activity) seks (m). seize, vb, dalhenna; dalhedna (RLC); sesya; synsi; senji sexual, adj, reydhel. (RLC) sexy, adj, seksi. seldom, adv, namenowgh (with neg.); bohes venowgh. shade, I n, goskes (m); goskotter (m); II vb, goskeusi. select, vb, dewis. shadow, n, skeus (m), skeusow (pl). selection, n, dewis (m), dewisow (pl). shaft, n, gwelen (f), gwelynni (pl), gwelydni (pl, RLC); self, n & prn, honan; prf, om-. (mine) shafta (m), shaftys. selfish, adj, honanus; omvodhek. shake, I n, kren (m), kern (m, RLC), krenyow (pl); II vb, selfishness, n, honanuster (m); kovaytys (m); krena; kerna (RLC); shackya; we shook hands, phr, omvodhogeth (f). ni a shackyas leuv. sell, vb, gwertha; gwer’ha (RLC); to sell for, phr, shall, vb, I shall go, phr, my a; my a vynn mos; my a gwertha a2. vedn mos (RLC); my a wra mos. send, vb, danvon; danon (RLC). shallow, adj, bas. sense, n, skians (m); sens (m); (meaning) styr (m), shame, I n, meth (f), methow (pl); sham (m); (pity) styryow (pl). dieth (m); it’s a shame, phr, dieth yw; soweth; for sensible, adj, fur. shame!, phr, rag meth!; II vb, shamya. sensitive, adj, krohendanow; fin; tender. shameful, adj, methus. sentence, I (grammatical) n, lavar (m), lavarow (pl); shape, n, form (m), formow (pl); furv (f), furvow (pl); II vb, (law) breusi. roth (m), rothow (pl); shap (m), shapys (pl). separate, I adj, diberthys; II vb, diberth. share, I n, kevren (f), kevrennow (pl), kevrednow (pl, separately, adv, dibarow. RLC); II vb, kevrenna; kevredna (RLC). separation, n, dibarth (f). shark, n, morvleydh (m), morvleydhes (pl). September, n, Gwynngala (m); Gwydngala (RLC); mis sharp adj, (pointed) lymm; lebm (RLC); (acute) tynn; Gwynngala (m); mis Gwydngala (m, RLC). tydn (RLC); glew; (taste) trenk; hwerow; (clever) serious, adj, sevur; sad. konnyk; kodnyk (RLC). seriously, adv, yn sad; yn sevur; (indeed) devri‧; yn shave, vb, divarva; trehi barv; shave one’s beard off, vb tevri‧. phr, omdhivarva. serpent, n, serpent (m), serpentys (pl). she, prn, hi; hei (RLC); (enclitic) hi; (infixed) ’s. servant n, gwas (m), gwesyon (pl); servyas (m), servysi sheaf, n, tysken (f), tyskennow (pl), tyskednow (pl, (pl); seryvades (f), servyadesow (pl); oberwas (m), RLC). oberwesyon (pl). shed, n, krow (m), krowyow (pl). serve, vb, dyghtya; (in employment) servya; sodha. sheep, n, davas (f), deves (pl.). service, n, soodh (f); gwasonieth (f); servis (m), sheepdog, n, ki deves (m), keun deves (pl). servisyow (pl); (church) oferen (f), oferennow (pl), sheet, n, (bed) lien gweli (m), lienyow gweli (pl); oferednow (pl, RLC). (paper) folen (f), folennow (pl), folednow (pl, RLC). serviceable, adj, servadow; ’vas. shelf, n, estyllen (f), estylennow (pl), estylednow (pl, session, n, esedhek (m), esedhogow (pl); (eisteddfod) RLC). esedhvos (m), esedhvosow (pl). shell, n, (carapace) krogen (f), kregyn (pl); (egg) set, vb, settya; (put) gorra; (of sun) sedhi; to set off, vb, plisken (f), plisk (coll); (bomb) tanbelennik (m), (leave) gasa; gara (RLC); (cause to explode) tardha; tanbelednik (m, RLC), tanbelenigow (pl). to set up, vb, (establish) selya; (organise) framya; shelter, I n, skovva (f), skovvaow (pl); II vb, klesa; kleja orna, restra. (RLC). settle, vb, (inhabit) anedhi; triga; (on new land) shepherd, n, bugel, (m) bugeledh (pl). trevesiga; (argument) ervira; konkludya. shepherdess, n, bugeles (f), bugelesow (pl). settled, adj, (inhabited) trigys. shield, n, skoos (m), skosow (pl). seven, card num, seyth. shine, vb, splanna; spladna (RLC); golowi.

44 ship, n, gorhel (m), gorholyon (pl). similar, adj, hevelep; haval; similar to, phr, haval orth. shirt, n, krys (m), krysyow (pl); hevis (m), hevisyow similarity n, hevelepter (m). (pl); T-shirt, n, krys T (m). similarly, adv, yndella; yn kepa‧r maner. shit, I n, kawgh (m); II vb, kawha. simple, adj, sempel; (easy) es. shiver, vb, deglena; krena; kerna (RLC). simplify, vb, sempelhe‧. shock, n, (jolt) jag (m), jagys (pl); (electric) jag tredan simply, adv, yn sempel; dre vaner es. (m). simultaneous, adj, kettermynyek. shocked, adj, diegrys. sin, I n, pegh (m); pehes (m), pehosow (pl); II vb, peha. shoe, I n, eskis (f), eskisyow (pl), ’skijyow (pl, RLC); since, cnj, a-ban2; a-dhia ban2 {both followed by a verb}; II vb, (horse) hernya. a-dhia {followed by a noun} long since, phr, seuladhy‧ shoot, I n, (sprout) egin (m), eginyow (pl); II vb, (gun) dh; seuladhe‧dh (RLC); since then, phr, alena rag; a- tenna; tedna (RLC); (arrow) setha; (sprout) egina. dhia nena (RLC). shop I n, gwerthji (m), gwerthjiow (pl); shoppa (m, sincere, adj, gwiryon; kolonnek; kolodnek (RLC). RLC), shoppys (pl, RLC); II vb, prenassa; (grocery) sincerely, adv, heb toll na gil; sincerely yours, phr, marhasa; marhasna (RLC). dhywgh hwi yn lel. shore, n, (seaboard) morrep (m), morrebow (pl); (river sing, vb, kana. bank) glann (f), glannow (pl); gladn (f, RLC), singer n, kaner (m), kanoryon (pl); kanores (f), gladnow (pl, RLC). kanoresow (pl). short, adj, kot; berr. single, I adj, unn; udn (RLC); unnik; udnik (RLC); shortly, adv, a verr spys; kyns neppe‧ll; yn kot termyn. (unmarried) andhemedhys; II prn, onan; not a single shorts, n, lavrek kot (m), lavregow kot (pl); lavrek berr one, phr, (people) nagonan; (things) tra vyth; tra (m), lavregow berr (pl). veth (RLC); ny welis vy nagonan, phr, I didn’t see a shot, n, tenn (m), tennow (pl); tedn (m, RLC), tednow single one. (pl, RLC). sink, I n, new (f), newyow (pl); somf (m, RLC); should, vb, he should do that, phr, ev a dal gul henna; y II vb, sedhi. kodh dhodho gul henna; she should have done it, sinner, n, pehador (m), pehadoryon (pl); pehadores (f), phr, hi a dalvia y wul; y kodhvia dhedhi y wul. pehadoresow (pl). shoulder, n, skoodh (f), skodhow (pl), diwskodh (dl). sir, n, syrra (m), syrrys (pl); serra (m, RLC), serrys (pl, shout, I n, kri (m), kriow (pl); krei (m, RLC); garm (f), RLC); (title) syr (m). garmow (pl); II vb, garma; kria, kreia (RLC). sister, n, hwor (f), hwerydh (pl). show, I n, diskwedhyans (m), diskwedhyansow (pl); sit, vb, esedha, ’sedha (RLC). II vb, diskwedhes. situation, n, le (m); desedhans (m); stat (m), statys (pl). shower, I n, kowas (f), kowasow (pl); II vb, kowesi. six, card num, hwegh. shrimp, n, bibyn bubyn (m), bibynes bubyn (pl). sixteen, card num, hwetek. shrink, vb, omdenna; omdedna (RLC); lehe‧. sixteenth, ord num, hwetegves; abbr, 16ves. shudder, I n, skruth (m), skruthow (pl); II vb, skrutha. sixth ord num, hweghves; hweffes (RLC); abbr, 6ves. shut, I adj, deges; klos; II vb, degea; keas; shut up!, phr, sixtieth ord num, tri-ugensves; trei-ugensves (RLC); taw taves! abbr, 60ves. shy, adj, gohelus; methek. sixty, card num, tri-ugens; trei-ugens (RLC). sick, adj, klav; kloav (RLC). size, n, braster (m), brasterow (pl); broasder (m, RLC), sickness, n, kleves, klevejyow. broasderow (pl, RLC); myns (m), mynsow (pl); mens side, n, tu (m), tuyow (pl); tenewen (m), tenwennow (m, RLC), mensow (pl, RLC). (pl), tenwednow (pl, RLC); (in an argument) parth skateboard, I n, rostel (f), rostellow (pl); II vb, rostella. (f), parthow (pl). sketch, I n, delinyans (m), delinyansow (pl); linennans sideboard, n, bord lestri (m). (m), linenansow (pl); tednans (m, RLC), tednansow sigh, vb, hanasa; hanaja (RLC). (pl, RLC); II vb, linenna; linedna (RLC). sight, n, golok (f), gologow (pl). ski, I n, ski (m), skiow (pl), skis (pl); ski pole, n, gwelen sign, I n, arwodh (f), arwodhyow (pl); sin (m), sinys ski (f), gwelynni ski (pl), gwelydni ski (pl, RLC); (pl); II vb, sina. II vb, skia. signal, n, sin (m), sinys (pl); sinel (f), sinellow (pl). skilful, adj, sley. signature, n, sinans (m), sinansow (pl). skill, n, sleyneth (f). silence, I n, taw (m); II int, silence!, be quiet!, phr, taw skin, n, krohen (f), krehyn (pl); kneus (coll); (on milk) taves! kenn (m); kedn (m, RLC). silent, adj, tawesek; be silent, phr, tewel. skinny, adj, ; kennek; kednek (RLC); kronek; (bony) silly, adj, gocki. askornek. silver, n, arhans (m). skip, vb, terlemmel; terlebmel (RLC); skyppya. silvery, n, arhansek. skipping rope, n, lovan lemmel (f), lovanow lemmel

45 (pl); lovan lebmel (f, RLC), lovanow lebmel (pl, RLC). snore, vb, renki. skirt, n, losten (f), lostennow (pl), lostednow (pl, RLC). snout, n, tron (m), tronow (pl). skull, n, krogen benn (f); krogen bedn (f, RLC); klopen snow, I n, ergh (m); II vb, gul ergh. (f), klopennow (pl), klopednow (pl, RLC). so, I adv., mar2; she is so pretty, phr, mar deg yw hi; so sky, n, ebron (f). much, kemmys; kebmys (RLC); (thus) yndella; II cnj., skylark, n, ahwesydh (f), ahwesydhes (pl). ytho‧; rag henna; rag hedna (RLC); so that, phr, slack, adj, lows. may5; mayth (before vowel); so I see, phr, del welav. slap, I n, skwat (m), skwattow (pl); skat (m, RLC), soap, I n, sebon (m), sebonow (pl); soap opera, n, gwari skattys (pl, RLC); stiwen (m); II vb, skwattya; sebon (m). stiwenna; stiwedna (RLC); hwattya. sober, adj, (solemn) sad; (not drunk) divedhow. sleep, I n, kosk (m); II vb, koska. social, adj, kowethasek. sleepy, adj, skwith; skith (RLC); hunyek. society, n, kowethas (m or f), kowethasow (pl). sleeve, n, brehel (m), breholow (pl). sock, n, lodrik (m), lodrigow (pl); (leather sock, sleigh, n, draylel (f), draylellow (pl). slipper) pawgen (m), pawgennow (pl), pawgednow slender, adj, moon; tanow; (narrow) ynn; ydn (RLC); (pl, RLC). kul. sofa, n, sofa (m), sofas (pl); gweli dydh (m), gweliow slice, n, tregh (m), trehow (pl). dydh (pl); gweli dedh (m, RLC), gweliow dedh (pl, slide, vb, slynkya. RLC). slightly, adv, bohes; nebes. soft, adj, medhel; (tender) bludh; (of sound) isel. slim, adj, moon; tanow; (narrow) ynn; ydn (RLC); kul. software (computer), n, medhelweyth (m). slip, I n, (undergarment) golesen (f), golesennow (pl), soil, n, gweres (m), gweresow (pl). golesednow (pl, RLC); II vb, slynkya. soldier, n, souder (m), soudoryon (pl), soudrys (pl). slipper, n, pawgen (f), pawgennow (pl), pawgednow sole, I adj, unn; unnik; udn (RLC); udnik (RLC); the sole (pl, RLC). heir, phr, an er unnik; an er udnik (RLC); II n, (foot) slope, n, leder (f), ledrow (m). godhen (m), godhnow (pl); (shoe) goles eskis (m). sloping, adj, ledrek. solution, n, men (m), menys (pl); remedi (m); (of slow, adj, lent; syger. problem) digolm (m), digolmow (pl); (chemistry) slowly, adv, yn lent. tedhans (m). slug, n, melhwen (f), melhwennow (pl), melhwednow solve, vb, digelmi; assoylya. (pl, RLC); (also snail) melhwesen (f), melhwes (coll), some, I adj, nebes; II adv, neb; III prn, re; rann; radn melhwyjen (f, RLC); (small slug) gluthvelhwen (f). (RLC); some of them, phr, rann anedha; radn sly, adj, fel; kall. anedhans (RLC); re anedha. small, adj, byhan; bian (RLC). somebody, prn, nebonan. smart, adj, skentel; konnyk; kodnyk (RLC); (neat) somehow, adv, war neb kor; neb maner; neb fordh. fethus; brav; fin. something, prn, neppy‧th; neppe‧th (RLC). smash, vb, skwattya. sometime, adv, neppry‧s; neppre‧s (RLC). smell, I n, blas (m); sawor (m), saworyow (pl); (bad) sometimes, adv, treweythyow; terweythyow (RLC). fler (m), fleryow (pl); II vb, blasa; (sense) klewes; somewhere, adv, neb tyller; neb teller (RLC); neb le; klowes (RLC); (to give off a bad smell) flerya; neb tu. mosegi. son, n, mab (m), mebyon (pl); grandson, n, mab wynn smelly, adj, flerys; mosek. (m), mebyon wynn (pl); mab wydn (m, RLC), smile, I n, minhwarth (m), minhwarthow (pl); mebyon wydn (pl, RLC); son-in-law, n, deuv (m), II vb, minhwerthin. deuvyon (pl). smith, n, gov (m), govyon (pl). song, n, kan (f), kanow (pl). smoke, I n, mog (m); II vb, megi; (smoke a pipe) tochya soon, adv, hware‧, skon; yn skon. pib; no smoking, phr, megi difennys; megi difednys sore, I adj, tynn; brew; II n, goli (m), goliow (pl); (RLC). gwennen (f), gwenennow (pl); gwednen (f, RLC), smooth, adj, leven; gwastas. gwenednow (pl, RLC). snack, n, kroust (m), kroustyow (pl), kroustys (pl); sorrow, n, anken (m), ankenyow (pl); keudh (m); tamm (m), temmyn (pl); tabm (m, RLC), tebmyn (pl, duwon (m). RLC). sorry, I adj, moredhek; edrygys; keudhesik; snail, n, bulho‧rn (m), bulhornes (pl); (also slug) II int, diharesow!; be sorry, phr, kemeres duwon; melhwesen (f), melhwejen (f, RLC), melhwes (coll). I am sorry, phr, drog yw genev; edrek a’m beus; snake, n, sarf (f), serf (pl). make sorry, phr, keudhi. snatch, vb, kibya. sort, n, ehen (f); sort (m), sortow (pl); par (m), parow sneeze, I n, striw (m), striwyow (pl); II vb, rahaya; (pl); of that sort, phr, a’n par na. striwi. sort out, vb, komposa.

46 soul n, enev (f), ena (f, RLC), enevow (pl). spoon, n, lo (f), loyow (pl). sound, I n, son (m), sonyow (pl); (noise) tros (m), sport, n, sport (m), sportys (pl), sportow (pl). trosyow (pl); II vb, seni; sowndya. spot, n, (stain) namm (m), nammow (pl); nabm (m, soup, n, kowl (coll); souben (f), soubennow (pl), RLC), nabmow (pl, RLC); (pimple) kuriek (m), soubednow (pl, RLC). kuriogas (pl), kuriegi (pl); (place) tyller (m), sour, adj, trenk. tyleryow (pl); teller (m, RLC), teleryow (pl, RLC). source, n, (of stream) pennfenten (f), pennfentynnyow spouse, n, pries (m), priosow (pl). (pl); pednfenten (f, RLC), pednfentydnyow (pl, RLC); spray, vb, stifella. (derivation) devedhyans (m). spread, vb, lesa. south, n, dyhow (m); soth (m); south-east, n, soth-est spring, I n, (season) gwenton; II vb, (jump) lamma; (m); south-west, n, soth-west (m). lemmel; lebmel (RLC). sow, I n, (female pig) banow (f), ba‧nowes (pl), bynewi square, I adj, pedrek; II n, pedrek (m), pedrogow (pl). (pl); II vb, (seed) hasa. squash, vb, gwaska; skwattya. space, n, spas (m); efander (m); (astronomy) efanvos squeak, vb, gwihal. (m); space bar (on a keyboard), n, barren spas (f), squeeze, vb, gwaska; strotha; gwrynnya; gwrydnya barennow spas (pl), barednow spas (pl, RLC). (RLC). spaceship, n, sterlester (m), sterlestri (pl). squirrel n, gwiwer (m), gwiweres (pl), gwiwerow (pl). spade, n, pal (f), palyow (pl). stability, n, krefter (m); faster (m). spanner, n, alhwedh know (f), alhwedhow know (pl). stable, I adj, (steady) fast; II n, (for horses) marghti spare, adj, difres; difresek; spar; (thin) kul; tanow; (m), marghtiow (pl). spare part, n phr, spar (m), sparyon (pl). stadium, n, sportva (f), sportvaow (pl). sparrow, n, golvan (m), golvanes (pl). staff, n, (employees) meni (coll); (rod) lorgh (f), lorhow sparse, adj, tanow. (pl); lath (f), lathow (pl). speak, vb, kewsel; kows(el) (RLC); klappya; speak to, stage, n, gwariva (f), gwarivaow (pl). phr, kewsel orth; speak on behalf of, phr, kewsel stain, n, namm (m), nammow (pl); nabm (m, RLC), gans. nabmow (pl, RLC); mosten (f), mostennow (pl), speaker , n, kowser (m), kowsoryon (pl); kowseres (f), mostednow (pl, RLC). kowsoresow (pl); (orator) arethor (m), arethoryon stair, n, gris (m), grisyow (pl); stayr (m), stayrys (pl). (pl). stamp, n, stamp (m), stampys (pl). special, adj, arbennek; arbednek (RLC). stand, I n, sav (m), savow (pl); II vb, sevel; (bear, suffer) specialist, n, arbeniger (m), arbenigoryon (pl). perthi; stand against, phr, sevel orth; stand aside, spectacles, n, golokwedrow (pl); dewweder (dl). vb, sevel a-denewen; stand out, vb, sevel yn-mes; spectator, n, mirer (m), miroryon (pl). stand up, vb, sevel yn-bann; sevel madn (RLC); I speech, n, (address) areth (f), arethyow (pl); (faculty) can't stand it, phr, ny allav y berthi. kows (m). standard, I adj, savonek; II n, savon (f), savonow (pl); speed, n, skavder (m); tooth (m). (comparison) skwir (m), skwirys (pl); n, (flag) baner spell, vb, lytherenna; lytheredna (RLC). (m), baneryow (pl). spend, vb, spena. standpoint, n, savla (m), savleow (pl). spider, n, kevnisen (f), kevnis (coll); kenesen (f, RLC), star, n, steren (f), sterennow (pl), sterednow (pl, RLC), kenes (coll, RLC). ster (coll). spill, vb, skollya. stare, vb, lagatta. spin, vb, troyllya; rosella. starfish, n, pympbys (m), pympbyses (pl); pempbes (m, spinach, n, spinach (m). RLC), pempbeses (pl, RLC). spirit, n, spyrys (m), spyrysyon (pl), spyryjyon (pl, start, I n, (beginning) dalleth (m); II vb, (begin) dalleth. RLC). starve, vb, (die of hunger) merwel dre nown; famya; spit, vb, trewa; trefya (RLC). I’m starving, phr, gwag ov vy. spiteful, adj, spitus. state, n, (condition) studh (m), studhyow (pl); splash, I n, lagyans (m); II vb, lagya; plowghya. (country) gwlas (f), gwlasow (pl); (political unit) stat splendid, adj, splann; spladn (RLC); bryntin; brentin (m), statys (pl), statow (pl); (province) rannvro (f), (RLC). rannvroyow (pl). splinter, n, skommyn (m), skommow (pl), skomm statement, n, menegyans (m), menegyansow (pl); (coll); skobmyn (m, RLC), skobmow (pl, RLC), skobm derivas (m). derivasow (pl). (RLC); asklosen (f), asklos (coll). station, n, savla (m), savleow (pl); (bus, train) gorsav split, I n, fals (m), falsyow (pl); II vb, falsa; falja (RLC). (m), gorsavow (pl). spoil, vb, (violate) defolya; (plunder) pylla; (ruin) statue, n, delow (m), delowyow (pl). diswul; (a child) gorbeski. stay, vb, (wait) gortos; (dwell, live) triga. sponge, n, spong (m), spongow (pl). steady, adj, fast.

47 steak, n, tregh kig (m), trehow kig (pl). strike, vb, (hit) gweskel. steal, vb, ladra. string, n, korden (f), kerdyn (pl). steam, n, ethen (f), ethennow (pl), ethednow (pl, RLC), strip, n, skethen (f), skethennow (pl), skethednow (pl, eth (coll). RLC). steel, n, dur (m). stroke, vb, tava; palva. steep, adj, serth; krackya konna; krackya kodna (RLC). strong, adj, krev. steer, vb, lewa. struggle, vb, omdewlel; omdowlel (RLC); omladh; stem, n, ben (m), benyow (pl); garr (f), garrow (pl). ombla (RLC); gwynnel. step, n, (grade) gradh (m), gradhow; (pace) kamm (m), stubborn, adj, treus; penn kales; pedn kalish (RLC); kammow (pl); kabm (m, RLC), kabmow (pl, RLC); he’s stubborn, phr, kales yw y benn. (stair) gris (m), grisyow (pl), grisys (pl). student, n, studhyer (m), studhyoryon (pl); studhyores stick, I n, gwelen (f), gwelynni (pl), gwelydni (pl, RLC), (f), studhyoresow (pl). gwel (coll); lath (f), lathow (pl); II vb, glena. study, vb, studhya. sticky, adj, glusek; glujek (RLC). stuff, n, daffar (m); devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); stiff, adj, (inflexible) diwedhyn; (hard) kales; (straight) stoff (m). serth . stuffy, adj, mygyl. still, adj, kosel. stumble, vb, trebuchya. stillness n, kalmynsi (m); kalmynji (m, RLC); kosoleth stupid adj, gocki. (f). stupidity, n, gockineth (f). sting, vb, gwana; piga. sty, n, krow mogh (m), krowyow mogh (pl). stink, I n, fler (m), fleryow (pl); II vb, flerya; mosegi. stylish, adj, herwydh an gis; kelvydh. stir, vb, kabooli; gwaya; treloubya. subject, n, (topic) testen (f), testennow (pl), testednow stitch, I n, gwri (m), gwriow (pl); II vb, gwrias. (pl, RLC); mater (m), materow (pl), maters (pl); stocking n, loder (m), lodrow (pl); hosen (f, RLC), (academic) devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); (of hosenow (pl, RLC). monarch) sojet (m), sojets (pl). stomach, n, (belly) sagh boos (m), seghyer boos (pl); substance, n, substans (f), substansow (pl); stoff (m). torr (f), torrow (pl). subtitle, n, istitel (m), istitlow (pl), istitlys (pl). stone, n, men (m), meyn (pl), menow (pl, RLC). subtract, vb, istenna; kemeres a2. stool, n, skavel (f), skavellow (pl). succeed, vb, seweni; soweni (RLC); (follow) dos war- stop, I n, (for bus, train etc.) gorsav (m), gorsavow (pl); lergh. hedhas (m); II vb, (intransitive) hedhi; (prevent) success, n, sewena (f); sowena (f, RLC). lettya; sevel orth; stoppya. such, adj & pron. (like) kepa‧r ha; ave‧l; a’n par na; store, n, (storehouse) gwithti (m), gwithtiow (pl); pana2; pana dybyans!, phr, such an idea! (shop) shoppa (m), shoppys (pl); gwerthji (m), suck, vb, sugna. gwerthjiow (pl). sudden, adj, tromm. storm, n, hager awel (f), hager awellow (pl); tewedh suddenly, adv, distowgh; a-dhesempis. (m), tewedhow (pl). suffer, vb, perthi; godhevel; godhav. story, n, hwedhel (m), hwedhlow (pl); drolla (m), suffering, n, godhevyans (m). drollys (pl). sufficient, adj, lowr a2, lock. straight, adj, kompes; ewn; straight away, adv, sugar, I n, sugra (m); shogra (m), kon (m, RLC). dihwans; a-dhesempis; distowgh. suggest, vb, profya; gorra yn-rag. strange, adj, astra‧nj; estren; koynt; (unknown) suit, vb, desedha. ankoth. suitable, adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC); ’vas; reyth. stranger, n, estren (m), estrenyon (pl). sulk, vb, moutya. straw, n, gwelen gala (f), gwelynni kala (pl), gwelydni sum, n, sommen (f), somennow (pl), somm (coll); kala (pl, RLC), gwel kala (coll); kalaven (f), sobmen (f, RLC), somednow (pl, RLC), sobm (coll). kalavennow (pl), kalavednow (pl, RLC). summer, n, hav (m), hav(y)ow (pl). strawberry, n, sevien (f), sevi (coll). summit n, gwartha (m), gwarthevyon (pl); penn (m), stream, n, gover (m), goverow (pl). pennow (pl); pedn (m, RLC), pednow (pl, RLC); barr street, n, stret (m), stretys (pl), stretow (pl). (m), barrow (pl). strength, n, krefter (m); nerth (m). sun, n, howl (m), howlyow (pl). strengthen, vb, krevhe‧. Sunday n, Sul (m); dy’Sul (m); de’Sul (m, RLC); Sunday stress, n, (tension) tenva (f); (pressure) poos (m); night, n phr, dy’Sul dhe nos. gwask (f); (emphasis) poslev (m), poslevow (pl). sunhat, n, hat howl (m), hattow howl (pl), hattys howl stressful, adj, ankensi; tynn; tydn (RLC); aha‧s. (pl). stretch, vb, tenna; tedna (RLC); ystyn. sunrise, n, howldrehevel (m). strict, adj, (resolute) hardh; (restrictive) stroth. sunset, n, howlsedhes (m).

48 super, int, splann!; marthys da! systemow (pl). supermarket, n, gorvarhas (f), gorvarhasow (pl). superstitious, adj, hegol; euvergryjyk. T, t supper, n, soper; kon (f); supper time, phr, prys soper. supply, vb, provia. table, n, moos (f), mosow (pl); bord (m, RLC), bordys support, vb, skoodhya; menten(y)a; eyla. (pl, RLC); set the table, phr, settya moos. suppose, vb, desevos; sopposya; tybi; (as) I suppose, tablecloth, n, lien moos (m), lienyow moos (pl). phr, del dybav; my a’n soppos. tablespoon, n, lo vras (f), loyow bras (pl); lo vroas (f, supposedly, adv, yn tesevek. RLC), loyow broas (pl, RLC). sure adj, sur; diogel; yn surredi. tablet, n, pelennik (m), pelednik (m, RLC), pelenigow surely, adv, sur; yn tiogel. (pl). surf, vb, mordardha. table tennis, n, tennis moos (m). surface, n, enep (m), enebow (pl); arenep (m), tack, I n, (nail) kentrik (m), kentrigow (pl); II vb, (nail) arenebow (pl). kentra; tackya. surfboard, n, astel tonnow (f), estyl tonnow (pl); astel tadpole, n, pennyn (m), penynnow (pl); pednyn (m, todnow (f, RLC), estyl todnow (pl, RLC). RLC), penydnow (pl, RLC). surname, n, hanow teylu (m), henwyn teylu (pl). tail, n, lost (m), lostow (pl). surprise, I n, marth (m), marthow (pl); I am surprised, take, vb, kemeres; (e.g. a drink) kavos; kawas (RLC); phr, marth yw genev; yma marth dhymm; II vb, take along with, phr, (bring) dri; drei (RLC); take sowdhanas. care, phr, kemeres with; take care of, phr, gwitha; surrender, vb, omri‧; ryndra; rendra (RLC). gorra with a2; take that!, int, tann henna! (sg); tadn survive, vb, treusvewa; durya. hedna! (sg, RLC); tannewgh henna! (pl); tadnowgh suspect, I adj, gogrysek; II vb, gogrysi; drogdybi; hedna! (pl, RLC); take for granted, phr, aswon gras a doutya. dravyth (with neg.); take by surprise, phr, suspicion, n, gogrys; dout. sowdhanas; take after, phr, omheveli dhe2; take off, suspicious, adj, gogrysus; skeusek; skeujek (RLC); to be phr, (clothes) diwiska; di’ski; (aeroplane) yskynna; suspicious, vb phr, gogrysi; bos skeus dhe nebonan a ’skydnya (RLC); ascendya; take-off, n, yskynnans neppy‧th; I’m suspicious of her, phr, yma skeus (m); ’skydnynans (m, RLC); ascendyans (m); take dhymm anedhi; ma skeus dhybm anedhi (RLC). over (acquire, claim), phr, perhenegi; it takes (it swallow, I n, (bird) gwennel (f), gwednel (f, RLC), requires), phr, bysi yw; besi ew (RLC); take a rest, gwenili (pl); II vb, lenki; kolenki; k’lonka (RLC). phr, powes; take someone, give a lift, phr, gorra swan, n, alargh (m), elergh (pl); swan (m), swans (pl). nebonan. swap, vb, keschanjya. tale n, hwedhel (m), hwedhlow (pl); drolla (m), drollys swear, vb, (take an oath) lia; ti; tei (RLC); (use bad (pl). language) molethi; kossya. talent, n, roas (m), roasow (pl). sweat, I n, hwys (m), hwes (m, RLC); II vb, hwesa. talented, adj, roasek. sweatshirt, n, krys hwys (m), krysyow hwys (pl). talk, I n, kows (m), kowsow (pl); talk!, it’s all talk, phr, sweep, vb, skuba. ass yw gocki dha gows!, nyns yw marnas flows!; idle sweet, I adj, hweg; II n, hwegyn (m), hwegennow (pl), talk, phr, flows (m); II vb, kewsel; kows (RLC); hwegednow (pl, RLC). klappya; talk together (converse), vb, keskewsel. swell, vb, hwedhi. talkative, adj, tavosek. swift, adj, uskis; skav. tall, adj, uhel; hir. swim, vb, neyja; neuvya; swimming pool, n, poll tallness, n, uhelder (m); hirder (m). neuvya (m), pollow neuvya (pl). Tamar River, top, Dowr Tamar (m). swimsuit, n, neyjwisk (m); neuvwisk (m); dillas neyja tame, adj, dov. (m). tangle, vb, drysa; magli. swing, I n, lesk lovan (m), leskow lovan (pl); II vb, tanker n, (ship) tanker (m), tankeryow (pl); oil tanker, leska. n, tanker oyl (m); tankeryow oyl (pl). switch, I n, skwychel (f), skwychellow (pl); II vb, tap, n, tap (m), tappys (pl), tappow (pl). skwychya; skwychella; switch on, vb, skwychya yn tape, n, tapa (m), tapys (pl); (video, audio) snod (m), fyw; enowi; switch off, vb, skwychya yn-mes; snodys (pl); tape measure, n, musurel (f), skwychya yn farow; ladha. musurellow (pl). symbol, n, arwodh (f), arwodhyow (pl). tar, n, tar (m); pyg (m), peg (m, RLC). sympathy, n, keskolonekter (m); tregeredh (f), truedh target, n, kosten (f), kostennow (pl), kostednow (pl, (m). RLC). syringe, n, skitel (f), skitellow (pl). tart, n, tart (m), tartys (pl); tarten (f), tartennow (pl), system, n, kevreyth (m), kevreythyow (pl); system (m), tartednow (pl, RLC).

49 task, n, ober (m), oberow (pl); oberen (f), oberennow amseryow (pl); present tense, n phr, amser a- (pl), oberednow (pl, RLC); rann ober (m), rannow lemmyn (f); amser a-lebmyn (f, RLC); imperfect ober (pl); radn ober (m, RLC), radnow ober (pl, RLC). tense, n phr, amser anperfydh (f); perfect tense, n taste, I n, blas (m); II vb, blasa. phr, amser berfydh (f); pluperfect tense, n phr, tasteless, adj, anvlasus. amser worberfydh (f); future tense, n phr, amser a tasty, adj, sawrek. dheu (f); preterite tense, n phr, amser dremenys (f). tattoo, n, korfliw (m), korfliwyow (pl); tatou‧ (m), tension, n, tynder (m). tatou‧s (pl). tent, n, tylda (m), tyldys (pl), tyldow (pl). tavern, n, tavern (m), tavernyow (pl); diwotti (m), tenth, ord num, degves; abbr, 10ves. diwottiow (pl). tepid, adj, mygyl. tax, n, toll (f), tollow (pl). terabyte (TB), n, terabayt (m), terabaytys (pl); abbr, TB. taxi, n, taksi (m), taksiow (pl). term, n, (word) ger (m), geryow (pl); (academic) tea, n, te (m); tea-towel, n, kweth te (f), kwethow te termyn (m); (trimester); trymis (m), trymisyow (pl). (pl). terrible, adj, euthyk; ithik (RLC). teach vb, dyski; deski (RLC); teach someone, phr, dyski terribly, adv, euthyk; ithik (RLC). dhe2 nebonan. terrify, vb, browehi; euthega. teacher, n, dyskador (m), dyskadoryon (pl); deskajor terrified, adj, ownek; diegrys. (m, RLC), deskajoryon (mpl, RLC); dyskadores (f), territory, n, tiredh (m), tiredhow (pl). dyskadoresow (pl). terror, n, euth (m); euthekter (m); browagh (m), teaching, n, dyskas (m); deskas (m, RLC); (lesson) browahow (pl). dyskans (m). terrorist, n, broweghyas (m), browehysi (pl); team, n, para (m), parys (pl); bagas (m), bagasow (pl), broweghyades (f), broweghyadesow (pl). bagajow (pl, RLC). test, I n, prov (m), provow (pl); apposyans (m); teapot n, pot te (m), pottow te (pl); pottys te (pl, RLC); II vb, previ; tria; apposya. tebot (m), tebottow (pl). testament, n, testament (m). tear I n, (weeping) dagren (f), dagrow (pl); shed tears, testify, vb, dustunia; desta; testifia. phr, dagrewi; II (rip) vb, skwardya. testimony, n, dustuni (m), dustuniow (pl). tease, vb, tontya; gul ges a2. text, n, tekst (m), tekstow (pl). teaspoon n, lo de (f), loyow te (pl). than, I prp, age‧s; es; II cnj, es del2. teatime, n, prys te (m); pres te (m, RLC). thank, vb, grassa; godhvos gras dhe2; thank you!, phr, technical, adj, teknogel. meur ras dhis!; meurastaji!; gromerci dhis!; Duw re technician, n, teknegydh (m), teknegydhyon (pl). dallo dhywgh hwi! (pl); Durda‧ladhehwei! (pl, RLC); technology, n, teknologieth (f); teknegieth (f). thank you for …, phr, meur ras dhis/dhywgh a2... telephone, I n, pellgewsel (f), pellgewsellow (pl); (+noun); meur ras dhis/dhywgh rag (+verb); thank pellgowser (m), pellgowseryow (pl); fon (m), fonys God!, phr, meur ras dhe Dhuw!; dhe Dhuw re bo (pl); II vb, fonya; pellgewsel; telephone number, n, grassys! niver pellgowser (m), niverow pellgowser (pl). that, I dem adj, an ... na; that man, phr, an den na; telescope, I n, pellweler (m), pellweloryow (pl); II prn, henna (m), honna (f); hedna (m, RLC), hodna gweder aspia (m), gwedrow aspia (pl). (f, RLC); (relative) neb a2; a2; that not, na2(g); that television, n, pellwolok (f), pellwologow (pl); te‧ which, phr, an pyth; an peth (RLC) III cnj, y5, yth, levisyon (m, RLC); (colloquial) telli (m); television del2; so that, phr, rag may5; mayth. programme, n, towlen bellwolok (f), towlennow thaw, vb, teudhi; teudha (RLC). pellwolok (pl). the, art, an. {Note: lenites f sg nouns and m pl nouns tell, vb, derivas; (say) leverel; (distinguish) dismygi; referring to persons.} dismygya (RLC); (command) erhi; tell jokes, phr, theatre, n, gwariva (f), gwarivaow (pl); gwariji (m), gesya; tell off, vb, keredhi; keski. gwarijiow (m); open-air theatre, n, plen an gwari temper, n, (disposition) gnas (f), gnasow (pl). (m). temperature, n, tempredh (m), tempredhow (pl); theft, n, ladrynsi (m); (individual crime) ladrans (m). (fever) fevyr (m); terthen (f). their, them, poss adj, aga3; ’ga3; aga3 ... i; (aga3) ... anjei‧ tend, vb, (lean toward) stumma tro ha; tuedha; (habit) (RLC); (infixed) ’s. bos usys dhe2; (patient) gwitha. theirs, prn, dhedha; dhedhans; aga re (pl); an peth tender, adj, bludh. anjei‧ (RLC); it’s theirs, phr, i a’n pyw; dhedhans i tendency, n, stummans (m); plegyans (m); (trend) yma‧. tuedh (m), tuedhow (pl). them; see their. ten, card num, deg. themselves, prn, i aga honan; anjei‧ (RLC). tennis, n, tennis (m). then, I adv, ena; y’n eur na; nena; II cnj, ytho‧; dhana. tense, I adj, tynn; tydn (RLC); II n, (of verbs) amser (f), therapy, n, yaghheans (m), yaghheansow (pl);

50 sawment (m); dyghtyans (m), dyghtyansow (pl). thoughtless, adj, dibreder. there, adv, ena; from there, thence adv, alena; to there, thousand, card num, mil2 (f), milyow (pl); a thousand thither adv, dhi; di; there is, vb, yma‧; thereabouts, times, adv, milweyth. adv, a-derdro‧; thereafter, adv, wosa henna; woja thousandfold, adj, milblek. hedna (RLC); thereby, adv, dre henna; der hedna thousandth, ord num, milves; abbr, 1000ves. (RLC); gans henna; gans hedna (RLC); therefore, adv, thread, n, neusen (f), neujen (f, RLC), neus (coll); linen rag henna; rag hedna (RLC); alena; ytho‧. (f), linennow (pl), linednow (pl, RLC). thermometer, n, thermometer (m), thermometers (pl); threat, n, (with words) godros (m), godrosow (pl); tempredhel (f), tempredhellow (pl). (from elsewhere) peryl (m), peryllyow (pl). these, I dem adj, an … ma; II prn, an re ma. threaten, vb, godros; (t. idly) bragya. they, prn, i; jei (RLC); anjei (RLC); (enclitic) i; anjei‧ three, card num, tri3 (m); trei (m, RLC); teyr3 (f); in (RLC). three days time, adv, godrevedh; three times, adv, thick, adj, tew. teyrgweyth; thicken, vb, tewhe‧. threefold, adj, tryflek. thickness, n, tewder. threshold, n, treudhow (m). thief, n, lader (m), ladron (pl); ladres (f), ladresow (pl). throat, n, bryansen (f), bryansennow (pl); branjen (f, thieve, vb, ladra. RLC), branjednow (pl, RLC). thigh, n, mordhos (f), mordhosow (pl), diwvordhos through, prp, dre2, der (before a vowel); dredh (RLC); (dl). a-dreus. thin, I adj, tanow; moon; kul; II vb, thin out, vb, throughout, prp, dre bub rann; dre bub radn (RLC); tanowhe‧. (over all) dres. thing, n, tra (neutr.), taklow (pl), taklennow (pl), throw, I n, towl (m), towlow (pl); II vb, tewlel; towlel taklednow (pl, RLC), traow (pl); (gear) daffar; pyth (RLC); throw away, vb, tewlel dhe-ves; tewlel yn- (m), pythow (pl); peth (m, RLC), pethow (pl, RLC). mes; throw down, vb, disevel; throw up (vomit), vb, think, vb, tybi; prederi; (believe) krysi; kreji (RLC); hwyja; hweja (RLC). think of, (remember) perthi kov a2; think oneself to thrust, vb, pockya. be, vb, omsynsi. thumb n, meus (m), meusi (pl); bys bras (m), besies thinness, n, tanowder (m). bras (pl); bes broas (m, RLC), besies broas (pl, RLC). third, I comp num, tressa; tryja (RLC); the third day thunder, I n, taran (f), tarennow (pl), tarednow (pl, from now, adv, godrevedh; II n, tressa rann (f), tryja RLC); II vb, tarenna; taredna (RLC). radn (f, RLC); abbr, 3a. Thursday, n, Yow (m); dy’Yow (m); de’Yow (m, RLC); thirdly, adv, tressa; tryja (RLC). Thursday night, n phr, dy’Yow dhe nos. thirst, n, sehes. thus, adv, (like this) yndelma; y’n fordh ma; (like that) thirsty, be thirsty, phr, bos sehes dhe2; I am thirsty, yndella; y’n fordh na. phr, sehes a’m beus; yma sehes dhymm; ma sehes tick, n, (short moment) tecken (f), teckennow (pl), dhybm (RLC). teckednow (pl, RLC). thirteen, card num, tredhek; terdhek (RLC). ticket, n, tokyn, toknys; ticket inspector, n, tokynner thirteenth, comp num, tredhegves; terdhegves (RLC); (m), tokydner (m, RLC), tokynoryon (pl); ticket- abbr, 13ves. office, n, tokynva (f), tokynvaow (pl); ticket thirtieth, comp num, degves warn ugens; abbr, 30ves. machine, n, jynn tokyn (m), jynnow tokyn (pl), thirty, card num, deg warn ugens. jynnys tokyn (pl). this, I dem adj, an ... ma; II prn, hemma (m), homma (f); tickle, vb, debreni; kosa. hebma (m, RLC), hobma (f, RLC); this is ... , phr, tide, n, lanwes mor (m); mortid (m), mortidys (pl); hemm yw ... (m); homm yw ... (f). high tide, n, morlanow (m), morlanowyow (pl); thorn, n, dren (m), dreyn (pl); (bush) spernen (f), lanow (m), lanowyow (pl); low tide, n, trig (m); spern (coll). mordrik (m); neap-tide, n, marvor (m); marowvor thorny, adj, drenek; spernek. (m); spring-tide, n, reverthi (f), reverthiow (pl), thorough, adj, dien; leun. gorlanwes (m), gorlanwesow (pl). thoroughly, adv, yn tien; purra; teg ha glan. tidy, adj, kempen; glanyth; make tidy, tidy up, phr, those, I dem adj, an … na; II prn, an re na; all those who, kempenna; restra. phr, seul a2; kemmys a2; kebmys a2 (RLC). tie I n, kolm (m), kolmow (pl); (necktie) kolm konna though, cnj, kyn5, kynth (before a vowel). (m), kolmow konna (pl); kolm kodna (m, RLC), thought, n, preder (m), prederow (pl); brys (m), kolmow kodna (pl); II vb, kelmi. brysyow (pl); bres (m, RLC), bresyow (pl, RLC); tiger, n, tiger (m), tigres (pl), tigri (pl). preder (m), prederow (pl); tybyans (m), tybyansow tight adj, tynn; stroth; (drunk) medhow. (pl). tightrope, n, lovan dynn (f), lovanow tynn (pl); lovan thoughtful, adj, prederus. dydn (f, RLC), lovanow tydn (pl, RLC); tightrope

51 walker, kerdher lovan (m), kerdhoryon lovan (pl). war-barth; together with, war-barth ha. tights, n pl, tynn(y)ow (pl); hosenow (pl, RLC). toil, I n, lavur (m); lavuryans (m); II vb, lavurya. tile, n, prilehen (f), prilehennow (pl), prilehednow (pl, toilet, n, (lavatory) attesva (f), attesvaow (pl); RLC). privedhyow (pl.); pisva (f), pisvaow (pl); toilet till, I prp, (until) bys; bys yn (with nouns); bys dhe2 paper, n, paper privedhyow (m). (with pronouns); II cnj, bys pan2; bys may5; erna2, tomato, n, aval kerensa (m), avallow kerensa (pl); aval ernag; ynter neb ha; trelebba (RLC); III n, (for kerenja (m, RLC), avallow kerenja (pl, RLC). paying) rekenva (f); IV vb, (work land) gonis. tomorrow, adv, a-vorow; the day after tomorrow, adv, timber, n, tymber (m); (beam) prenn (m), prennyer trenja; tomorrow morning, phr, ternos vyttin. (pl). ton, tonne (metric), n, tonnas (m), tonasow (pl). time I n, termyn (m), termynyow (pl); prys (m), tone, n, ton (m), tonyow (pl); son (m), sonyow (pl). presyow (pl); pres (m, RLC), prejyow (pl, RLC); tongue, n, taves (m), tavas (m), tavosow (pl); mother (occasion) treveth (f), trevethow (pl); (o’clock) eur tongue, n, mammyeth (f), mammyethow (pl); yeth (f), euryow (pl); a very long time, n, hirneth (f); vamm (f), yethow mamm (pl); ’eth vabm (f, RLC), meal-time, n, prys boos (m); pres boos (m, RLC); all ’ethow mabm (pl, RLC). the time, phr, pub eur oll; at all times, phr, pub tonight, adv, haneth; haneth y’n nos; haneth dhe nos. termyn; at any time, phr, neppry‧s; neppre‧s (RLC); too, adv, (also) ynwe‧dh; maga ta; keffry‧s; keffre‧s at the same time, phr, y’n keth termyn (kettermyn); (RLC); (too far, too great etc.) re2; too many, too at this time, phr, yn tor’ ma; it is time to..., phr, prys much, adv, re (a2); too small, phr, re vyhan; re vian yw...; pres ew... (RLC); once upon a time, phr, yn (RLC); too much money, phr, re a vona; too many termyn eus passys; a long time ago, phr, nans yw people, phr, re a dus. pell; what is the time?, phr, py eur yw?; waste time, tool, n, toul (m), toulys (pl). phr, gwibessa. tooth, n, dans (m), dens (pl). timetable, n, euryador (m), euryadoryow (pl); rol toothache, n, drog dans (m), drogow dans (pl); payn dermynyow (f), rolyow termynyow (pl). dens (m), paynys dens (pl). tin, n, (metal) sten (m); (vessel, can) kanna (m), kannys toothbrush, n, skubyllen dhens (f), skubylennow dens (pl), kannow (pl); kavas (m), kavasow (pl); tin- (pl); skubylednow dens (pl, RLC). opener, n, ygerel gannys (f), ygerellow kannys (pl). toothpaste, n, dehen dens (m); tos dens (m). tinner, n, (miner) stenor (m), stenoryon (pl); steonres top I n, gwartha (m), gwarthavyow (pl); penn (m), (f), stenoresow (pl). pennow (pl); (lid) gorher (m), gorheryow (pl); on tiny, adj, munys. top, adv, a-wartha. tip, n, (point) toppyn (m), toppynnow (pl), toppydnow topic, n, testen (f), testennow (pl), testednow (pl, RLC). (pl, RLC); (end) bleyn (m), bleynyow (pl); (waste) tor, n, karn (m), karnow (pl). skollva (f), skollvaow (pl); (money) grastal (m), tortoise, n, melhwioges (f), melhwiogesow (pl); kronek grastalyow (pl). ervys (m), kronogow ervys (pl). tire, vb, skwitha. total, I adj, (whole) kowal; (complete) leun; II n, somm tired adj, skwith; skith (RLC). (m), sommow (pl); sobm (m, RLC), sobmow (pl, tiresome, adj, skwithus. RLC); sommen (f), somennow (pl). tiring, adj, skwithus. totally, adv, yn tien; ettien (RLC). tissue, n, (fabric) gwias (m), gwiasow (pl); (paper touch, I n, toch (m), tochys (pl); (sense) tava (m); in handkerchief) lien paper (m), lienyow paper (pl). touch, phr, yn-dann dava; get in touch with, phr, title, n, titel (m), titlys (pl), titlow (pl). kestava gans; II vb, tava; tochya. to, prp, dhe2; (towards) wor’ tu ha(g); up to, phr, bys; tough, adj, (hard) kales; (pliable) gwedhyn; (rough bys yn; bys dhe2; to the place, adv, (thither) bys di. mannered) smat. toad n, kronek (m), kronoges (pl); kronek du (m); little tour, n, torn (m), tornys (pl), tornow (pl). toad, n, kronegyn (m), kronegynnow (pl), tourism, n, touristieth (f); tornyaseth (f). kronegydnow (pl, RLC). tourist, n, tourist (m), touristys (pl); tornyas (m), toast, n, krasen (f), kras (coll). tornysi (pl); (summer visitor) havyas (m), havysi toasted, adj, kras; kresys. (pl); (derogatory) moryonen (f), moryon (coll). toaster, n, krasel (f), krasellow (pl); krasyor (m), toward(s), prp, war-tu ha(g); tro ha(g). krasyoryon (pl). towel, n, towel (m), towellow (pl); mantel (m), mantylli today, adv, hedhyw; today week, phr, an jorna ma war (pl). seythen (RLC). tower, n, tour (m), touryow (pl). toe, n, bys troos (m), bes troos (m, RLC), besies troos town, n, tre (f), trev (f), trevow (pl); the town council, (pl), besies troos (pl, RLC). n, konsel an dre (m); town councillor, n, ko‧nseler toffee, n, klyjienn (f), klyji (coll). a’n dre (m); the town hall, n, hel an dre (f); an together, adv, war-barth; all together, phr, pubonan odyans (m, RLC); in town, phr, y’n dre.

52 townsman, n, burjes (m), burjysi (pl). trolley, n, karigel (f), karigellow (pl). toy, n, gwariel (f), gwariellow (pl); tegen (f), tegennow troop, n, lu (m), luyow (pl); koskor (pl); meni (coll). (pl), tegednow (pl, RLC); toy-shop, n, gwerthji trouble, I n, ahwe‧r; kedry‧nn (f); kedry‧dn (f, RLC); gwariellow (m), gwerthjiow gwariellow (pl). what’s the trouble with you?, phr, pandr’a hwer track, n, (trace) lergh (m), lerghow (pl); ol (m), olow dhis? II vb, serri. (pl); (footstep) kamm (m), kammow (pl); kabm (m, trousers, npl, lavrek (m), lavrogow (pl). RLC), kabmow (pl, RLC). true, adj, gwir. tractor, n, jynn tenna (m), jynnys tenna (pl), jynnow truly, adv, yn tevri‧; devri‧; y’n gwir; dhe wir; yn hwir. tenna (pl); traktor (m, RLC), traktors (pl, RLC). trumpet, n, hirgorn (m), hirgern (pl). trade, I n, (commerce) kenwerth (m); trad (m); trunk, n, (tree) ben (m), benyow (pl); (box) kofer (m), (handcraft) kreft (f), kreftow (pl); trade union, n, kofrow (pl); (animal) tron (m), tronow (pl); (car mysterlu (m), mysterluyow (pl); II vb, kenwertha. boot) trog (m), trogow (pl). tradition, n, hengov (m), hengovyow (pl); tradicyon trust, I n, fydhyans (m); II vb, trestya, (have faith) (m). fydhya; (lend ear, entrust) kola; trust me!, phr, kol traditional adj, hengovek; tradicyonal. orthiv! traffic n, daromres (m); traffik (m); traffic lights, n, truth, n, gwiryonedh (m), gwiryonedhow (pl); gwir golowys traffik (pl); traffic jam, n, daromdag (m); (m), gwiryow (pl). tag (m). try, vb, tria; assaya, ’saya (RLC); (in court) previ; tria. trail, n, lergh (m), lerghow (pl); ol (m), olow (pl). T-shirt, n, krys T (m), krysyow T (pl). trailer, n, draylyer (m), draylyoryon (pl). tub, n, kibel (f), kibellow (pl); keryn (f), kerynyow (pl); train, I n, (railway) tren (m), trenow (pl); train-driver, hot tub, n phr, kibel domm (f), kibellow tomm (pl); n, lewyer trenow (m), lewyoryon drenow (pl); II vb, kibel dobm (f, RLC), kibellow tobm (pl, RLC). dyski; deski (RLC). tube, n, piben (f), pibennow (pl), pibednow (pl, RLC); trainer, n, (teacher) dyskador (m), dyskadoryon (pl); the Tube (London Underground), n, an Bib (f); an (shoe), eskis sport (f), eskisyow sport (pl), ’skijyow Metro (m). sport (pl, RLC). Tuesday, n, Meurth (m); dy’Meurth (m); de’Meurth (m, trait, n, gnasen (f), gnasennow (pl); teythien (f), teythi RLC); Tuesday night, n phr, dy’Meurth dhe nos. (coll). tumbler (glass), n, gwedren (f), gwedrennow (pl), tramp, n, skajyn (m), skajynnow (pl); skajen (m, RLC), gwedrednow (pl, RLC). skajednow (pl, RLC); loselwas (m), loselwesyon (pl). tummy, n, torr (m), torrow (pl). trample, vb, stankya; trettya; pootya. tumult, n, tervans (m). tranquil, adj, kosel. tune, n, ton (m), tonyow (pl); melodi (m); ilow (f). transfer, vb, treusperthi; treusworra. tunnel, n, kewfordh (f), kewfordhow (pl); tron (m, translate, vb, treylya. RLC), tronow (pl, RLC). translation, n, treylyans (m), treylyansow (pl). turkey, n, yar Gyni (f), yer Gyni (pl). transmission, n, danvonadow (m); treusworrans (m). turmoil, n, tervans (m). transport, I n, treusporth (m), treusporthow (pl); turn I n, (of wheel; in taking turns) tro (f), troyow (pl); karyans (m); II vb, treusperthi. torn (m), tornys (pl); II vb, treylya; turn around, vb, trap, I n, maglen (f), maglennow (pl), maglednow (pl, omdreylya; turn away, vb, treylya dhywo‧rth; turn RLC); II vb, maglenna; magledna (RLC). back, vb, dehweles; turn into, vb, omwul; turn off, travel, vb, viajya; vajya (RLC); (on foot) travalya. vb, (switch) skwychya yn-mes; skwychya yn farow; traveller, n, tremenyas (m), tremenysi (pl). ladha; turn on, vb, (switch) skwychya yn fyw; tray, n, servyour (m), servyours (pl); tallyour (m), enowi. tallyours (pl). TV, n, pellwolok (f), pellwologow (pl); abbr, PW; telli tread, vb, stankya. (m, RLC). treasure, n, tresor (m), tresorys (pl), tresoryow (pl). twelfth, ord num, dewdhegves; abbr, 12ves. treat, vb, dyghtya. twelve, card num, dewdhek, dowdhek (RLC). treatment, n, dyghtyans (m). twentieth, ord num, ugensves; abbr, 20ves. tree, n, gwedhen (f), gwydh (coll), gwedh (coll, RLC). twenty, card num, ugens. tremble, vb, krena; kerna (RLC). twice, adv, diwweyth. trial, n, (test) prov (m), provow (pl); (law) trial (m), twig, n, barren (f), barennow (pl), barednow (pl, RLC). trials (pl); (attempt) assay (m), assays (pl). twilight, n, mo (m). trick, I n, prat (m), prattys (pl); hyg (f), hygow (pl); twin, n, gevel (m), gevellyon (pl), gevellas (pl); gevelles kast (m), kastys (pl); II vb, gul prat; hyga; kestya. (f), gevelesow (pl). trip, I n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); (on foot) twist, vb, gwia; (twist lips); kamma; kabma (RLC); travel (m), travellys (pl); II vb, (trip up) disevel; stumma; (spin, braid) nedha; (coil) terhi. omdhisevel; trebuchya. two, card num, dew (m), diw (f).

53 twofold, adj, dewblek. kesunyansow (pl). type I n, (kind) ehen (f), ehennow (pl); II vb, jynnskrifa. unique, adj, unnik; udnik (RLC) dibarow; heb parow. tyre, n, bonden (f), bondennow (pl), bondednow (pl, unit, n, (mathematics) unses (m), (teaching) dyskans RLC). (m). unity, n, unses (m). U, u university, n, pennskol (f), pennskolyow (pl); unive‧rsita (m), unive‧rsites (pl). ugh!, int, ogh! unkind, adj, anhwek; diguv; onkynda; dignas. ugly, adj, hager. {Note: hager stands before the noun it unknown, adj, ankoth. describes.} unlawful, adj, anlahel; erby‧nn an laha; erby‧dn an laha ultimate, cmp, diwettha. (RLC). umbrella, n, glawlen (f), glawlennow (pl), glawlednow unless, cnj. marnas; ma’s. (pl, RLC). unlike adj, dihevelep. un-, prf, an-; di-; dis-; heb. unlikely, adj; diwirhaval; it’s unlikely, phr, skant ny yll unable, adj, diallos; (to speak) omlavar; (to move) stag. bos. unacceptable, adj, ankemeradow; onfytti. unload vb, diskarga. unbearable, adj, re vehus; anporthadow. unlock vb, dialhwedha. unbelievable, adj, ankrysadow. unmarried, adj, dibries; andhemedhys; heb pries (RLC). uncertain, adj, ansur; diantel. unnatural, adj, dinatur; warby‧dn kynda (RLC). uncle, n, ewnter (m), ewntres (pl); ownter (m, RLC), unnecessary, adj, heb res. owntres (pl, RLC). unopened, adj, deges; heb y ygeri. unconscious, adj, (fainting) klamderek; mes a’y skians; unpack, vb, didrossa. (unaware) diswa‧r. unpleasant, adj, diflas. unconsciously, adv, heb godhvos. unquestionably, adv, heb dout; heb dhout. uncover, vb, diskudha. unsafe, adj, diantel. under, I adv, a-woles; II prp, yn-dann2; en-dadn (RLC); unsatisfactory, adj, dilowr; anplegadow. from under, prp, a-dhann2; a-dhadn. unsettle, vb, ankombra. underground, adj, yn-dann dhor; en-dadn dor (RLC); unsuitable, adj, anwiw. London Underground, n phr, an Bib (f); an Metro untidy, adj, ankempen; digempen. untie, vb, digelmi. (m). 2 2 until, till, I prp, bys; bys yn (with nouns); bys dhe underneath, I adv, a-woles; II prp, yn-dann . 2 5 underpants, n pl, islavrek (m), islavrogow (pl); lavrek (with pronouns); II cnj, bys pan ; bys may ; erna2 byhan (m), lavrogow byhan (pl); lavrek nessa (m), (before a consonant); ernag (before a vowel). lavrogow nessa (pl). untruthful, adj, gowek. understand, vb, konvedhes; onderstondya. unusual, adj, koynt. understanding, n, (comprehension) konvedhes (m); unwell, adj, anyagh; klav; kajek (RLC). (agreement) unverheans (m), unverheansow (pl). unwilling, adj, anvodhek. undertake, vb, omgemeres. up, adv, yn-bann; madn (RLC); war-vann; stand up, phr, undertaking, n, omgemeryans (m), omgemeryansow sa’ bann!; speak up!, phr, kows yn uhel!; what are (pl); charj (m), charjys (pl). you up to?, phr, pandr’es’ta ow kul? pyth es’ta ow underwater, adj, yn-dann dhowr; en-dadn dowr (RLC). kul?; up the street, phr, an stret yn-bann; is she up underwear, n, dillas nessa (m). yet?, phr, usi hi a’y sav hwath? undo, vb, (destroy) diswul; (untie) digelmi. upload, vb, ughkarga; charjya. upon, prp, war2; orth; (in oaths) re2; (clothes) a-dro undone, adj, (devastated) diswrys; (untied) digelmys. 2 undress, vb, diwiska; di’ski; omdhi’ski. dhe ; dres; yn kerhyn. uneasy, adj, anes. upright adj, serth; pedrek (RLC); (morally) ewnhynsek. unemployed, adj, diweyth; heb hwel. upset, I adj, distemprys; II vb, (turn upside-down) unexpected, adj, tromm; trobm (RLC); anwortys. disevel. unfair, adj, anewn. upside down, adv, war y benn; a-wartha a-woles. unfortunate, adj, truan; anfeusik, anfujik (RLC). upstairs, I adv, war-vann; war-wartha; II n, soler (m), unfortunately, adv, soweth; y’n gwettha prys. soleryow (pl). unfriendly, adj, anhwek; diguv. upward, upwards, adv, war-vann; yn-bann; madn ungrateful, adj, ongrassyes. (RLC). unhappy, adj, trist; moredhek; anfeusik; anfujik (RLC). urban, adj, trevek; trevel. unhealthy, adj, anyagh. urge, n, ynni (m), yniow (pl). unintentional, adj, didowl. urgent, adj, yniadow; ter; it is urgent, phr, res porre‧s union, n, unyans (m), unyansow (pl); kesunyans (m), yw.

54 urgently, adv, porre‧s. vehicle, n, karr (m), kerri (pl). urinate, vb, pisa. veil, n, vayl (f), vaylys (pl); kudhlen (f), kudhlennow urine, n, urin (m); pisas (m). (pl), kudhlednow (pl, RLC). urinal, n, urnel (m), urnels (pl); pisva (f); pisvaow (pl). vein, n, (blood-vessel) gwythien (f), gwythi (coll); us, we prn, ni; nei (RLC); (poss adj) agan, ’gan; (infixed) (stream) gooth (f), g othi (pl); (of tin ore) skorren ’gan, ’n; (emphatic) nyni‧; nei (RLC). (f), skorennow (pl), skorednow (pl, RLC). use, I n, devnydh (m), devnydhyow (pl); usyans (m); us venture, I n, aventur (m), aventuryow (pl); II vb, (m); II vb, gul devnydh a2; usya. bedha. used, adj, usys, devnydhys; I’m not used to it, phr, nyns Venus, name, Gwener (f). yw usys genev; I used to do it, phr, my a’n gwre. verify, vb, gwirya; gwirhe‧. useful, adj, ’vas; gwerek (RLC); dhe les. vernacular, adj, teythyek; vernacular language, n phr, usefulness, n, les (m); talvosogeth (f). yeth teythyek (f), yethow teythyek (pl). useless, adj, nyns yw vas; ny wra vas. verse, n, gwers (f), gwersyow (pl). user, n, devnydhyer (m), devnydhyoryon (pl); usyer version, n, versyon (m), versyons (pl). (m), usyoryon (pl); user name, n, hanow usyer (m). vertical, adj, plommwedhek; serth. usual, adj, usys; usadow; as usual, phr, del yw usys; very, adv, pur2; fest; very good, phr, pur dha. herwydh usadow. vessel, n, lester (m), lestri (pl). usually, adv, del yw usys. vest, n, vesta (m), vestys (pl); pows nessa (f). utensil, n, lester (m), lestri (pl). vet, veterinary surgeon, n, medhek bestes (m), utter, I adj, dien; kowal; II vb, leverel; lawl (RLC); uttra. medhygyon vestes (pl); milvedhek (m), utterly, adv, glan; heb namm; heb nabm (RLC); yn tien; milvedhygyon (pl). ettien (RLC). via, prp, dre2, der (before vowel). vicar, n, pronter (m), pronteryon (pl). V, v vicious, adj, hegas. victory, n, trygh (m); viktori (m). vacant, adj, gwag. video, n, gwydhyow (m), gwydhyowyow (pl); vi‧deo vacation, n, termyn gwag (m); dy’gol (m), dy’golyow (m), vi‧deos (pl). (pl); de’gol (m, RLC), de’golyow (pl, RLC). view, n, golok (f), gologow (pl); gwel (m), gwelyow (pl); vacuum, n, gwagva (f), gwagvaow (pl); gwakter (m), vu (m), vuys (pl). gwakteryow (pl); vacuum cleaner, n, skubel sugna vigorous, adj, freth; men. (f), skubellow sugna (pl). village n, trev (f), trevow (pl); treveglos (f), trevow vagabond, n, brybour (m), brybours (pl). eglos (pl), treveglosyow (pl); gwig (f), gwigow (pl). vagina, n, kons (f), konsyow (pl). vinegar, n, aysel (m). vague, adj, niwlek. vineyard, n, gwinlan (f), gwinlannow (pl), gwinladnow vain, adj, (fruitless) koog; (full of oneself) omgerensek. (pl, RLC). vale, n, nans (m), nansow (pl). violence, n, garowder (m); freudh (m), freudhow (pl). valid, adj, ewn; a vri. violent, adj, garow; gwyls; freudhek. valley, n, nans (m), nansow (pl); vali (m), valis (pl); violet, I adj, (colour) glasrudh; purpur; II n, (flower) deep wooded valley, n phr, glynn (m), glynnow (pl); melyonen (f), mellyon (coll). glydn (m, RLC), glydnow (pl, RLC); small valley, n violin, n, krowd (m), krowdys (pl); fyll (m), fyllys (pl), phr, golans (m), golansow (pl). fyllow (pl). valuable, adj, a bris; talvosek. virgin, I adj, gwyrgh; II n, gwerhes (f), gwerhesow (pl). value, I n, talvosogeth (f), talvosogethow (pl); (price) virile, adj, gourel. pris (m), prisyow (pl); II vb, talvos; tyli. virtue, n, vertu (f), vertus (pl); ras (m), rasow (pl). van, n, karven (m), karvenow (pl); kertik (m), kertigow virtuous, adj, rasek; rajek (RLC); mas; glan. (pl). vision n, (sense) golok (f); (apparition, imagination) vanish, vb, mos mes a wel; vansya; voydya. gwelesigeth (f), gwelesigethow (pl). various, adj, divers; dyffrans; liesek. visit I n, godrik (m), godrigow (pl); vysytyans (m), vary, vb, treylya; varya. vysytyansow (pl); II vb, godriga; omweles gans; vat, n, keryn (f), kerynyow (pl). visitya. veal, n, kig leugh (m). visitor, n, godriger (m), godrigoryon (pl); godrigores vegetable, n, losowen gegin (f), losow kegin (coll); (f), godrigoresow (pl); vysytyer (m), vysytyoryon lojowen dhebri (f, RLC), lojow debri (coll, RLC). (pl); vysytyores (f), vysytyoresow (pl). vegetarian, n, losoweger (m), losowegoryon (pl); vocabulary, n, gerva (f), gervaow (pl); (list) rester lojoweger (m, RLC), lojowegoryon (pl, RLC); geryow (f). losowegores (f), losowegoresow (pl); lojowegores vocation, n, galwesigeth (f), galwesigethow (pl). (f), lojowegoresow (pl, RLC). voice, n, lev (m), levow (pl).

55 volcano, n, loskvenydh (m), loskvenydhyow (pl); (RLC); tommhe‧; tobmhe‧ (RLC). menydh tan (m), menydhyow tan (pl); mena tan (m, warmth, n, tomder (m). RLC), menedhyow tan (pl, RLC). warn, vb, gwarnya. voluntary, adj, bodhek. warning, n, gwarnyans (m), gwarnyansow (pl). volunteer, n, bodhek (m), bodhogyon (pl). wary, adj, war. vomit, vb, hwyja; hweja (RLC). wash, I n, golgh (m); II vb, golhi; wash oneself, vb, vote, I n, raglev (m), raglevow (pl); vota (m), votys (pl); omwolhi; wash up/wash the dishes, vb, golhi an II vb, ragleva; votya. lestri. vowel, n, bogalen (f), bogalennow (pl), bogalednow (pl, washbasin, n, new (f), newyow (pl). RLC). washing, n, golgh (m), golhow (pl); golhas (m), voyage, n, viaj (m), viajyow (pl), viajys (pl); (sea golhasow (pl); washing machine, n, jynn golhi (m), voyage) trumach (m), trumajys (pl), trumajow (pl). jynnys golhi (pl), jynnow golhi (pl); washing powder, n, lisiw. wasp, n, gohien (f), gohi (coll). W, w waste, adj, wast; difeyth; II n, (rubbish, squandering) skoll (m), skollyon (pl.); atal (coll); III vb, skollya; wage, n, gober (m), gobrow (pl). gwastya. wail, vb, kyni. watch, I n, (vigil) gool (m), golyow (pl); (timepiece) waist n, kres (m). euryor (f), euryoryow (pl); watch (m), watchys (pl); II vb, (look at) mires orth; watch out, phr, warya; waistcoat n, kryspows (f), kryspowsyow (pl). 2 wait, I n, gortos; II vb, (expect) gortos; (anticipate) kemeres with; watch over, phr, gwitha war ; watch gwaytyas; wait in line (US), vb, gul lost, lostya; wait television, phr, mires orth an bellwolok; keep upon, vb, servya; wait a moment!, phr, gorta pols! watch, phr, golya. (sg), gortewgh pols! (pl). water, I n, dowr (m), dowrow (pl); II vb, dowra; waiter, n, servyas (m), servysi (pl), servyji (pl, RLC). dowrhe‧. waiting room, n, stevel wortos (f), stevelow gortos (pl); waterfall, n, dowrlam (m), dowrlammow (pl), rom gortos (m), romys gortos (pl). dowrlabmow (pl, RLC). waitress, n, servyades (f), servyadesow (pl). wave, n, tonn (f), tonnow (pl), todnow (pl, RLC). wake I, n, (vigil) gool (m), golyow (pl); II, vb, (someone wavelength n, tonnhys (m), tonnhysow (pl). else) difuna; (by oneself) omdhifuna. wax, n, koren (f), kor (coll). Wales, top, Kembra (f). way, n, fordh (f), fordhow (pl); (custom) trad (m); walk, I n, kerdh (m), kerdhow (pl); II vb, kerdhes. (manner) maner (f), manerow (pl); gis (m), gisyow wall, n, fos (f), fosow (pl); party wall, n, paros (m), (pl); geis (m, RLC), geisyow (pl, RLC); on his way out, parosyow (pl). phr, hag ev ow mos yn-mes; in this way, adv, wallet, n, tigen (f), tigennow (pl), tigednow (pl, RLC); yndelma; in that way, phr, yndella; in any way, phr, skryp (m), skryppys (pl). war neb kor; no way!, int, gwra y ankevi! (sg), wallpaper, n, paper fos (m), paperyow fos (pl); paper gwrewgh y ankevi! (pl); kammen vyth! paros (m), paperyow paros (pl). we, prn, ni; nei (RLC); (infixed) ’gan, ’n. (enclitic) ni; walnut, n, knowen Frynk (f), knofen Frenk (f, RLC), nei (RLC). know Frynk (coll). weak, adj, gwann; gwadn (RLC). wander, vb, gwandra. weaken, vb, gwannhe‧; gwadnhe‧ (RLC). want, I n, (need, lack) fowt (m); (desire) hwans (m), weakness n, gwander (m). hwansow (pl); odhom (m), odhommow (pl), wealth, n, rychys (pl); pyth (m), pythow (pl); peth (m, odhobmow (pl, RLC); edhom (m, RMC), edhommow RLC), pethow (pl, RLC); worldly wealth, n, pythow (pl, RMC); II vb, (require) bos fowt dhe2; (desire) bos an bys (pl); pethow an bes (pl, RLC). hwans dhe2 nebonan a2 neppy‧th; (will) mynnes; wealthy, adj, rych; golusek. mednes (RLC); ; I want it, phr, yma hwans dhymm weapon, n, arv (f), arvow (pl). anodho; ma hwans dhybm anodho (RLC); hwans wear, I n, gwisk (m); II vb, gwiska; don; degi (RLC); a’m beus anodho. wear out, vb, usya. war, n, (armed conflict) kas (f), kasow; (dispute) bresel weariness, n, skwithter (m); skithter (RLC). (f), breselyow (pl); to go to war, vb, breseli; mos weary, adj, skwith; skith (RLC). dhe’n gas. weather, I n, awel (f), awelyow (pl); kewer (f); fine wardrobe n, gwiskti (m), gwisktiow (m); dilasva (f), weather, n, kewer vas (f); bad weather, n, hager dilasvaow (m); wardrobe lady, n, mestres dilasow awel (f). (f), mestresow dilasow (pl). weave, vb, gwia. warehouse, n, gwa‧raji (m), gwarajiow (pl). web, n, gwias (m), gwiasow (pl), gwi (f), gwiow (pl); warm, I adj, tomm; tobm (RLC); II vb, tomma; tobma World Wide Web, n, gwi bysefan (f).

56 webmaster, n, gwiasvester (m), gwiasvestrysi (pl); wheat, n, gwaneth (coll). gwiasvestres (f), gwiasvestresow (pl). wheel, n, ros (f), rosow (pl). webmail, n, gwiaspost (m), gwiaspostow (pl). wheelchair, n, kador ros (f), kadoryow ros (pl). website, n, gwiasva (f), gwiasvaow (pl). when, I adv, p’eur5; II cnj, pan2; pana dermyn; termyn wedding, n, demedhyans (m), demedhyansow (pl). (RLC); neb. Wednesday n, Merher (m); dy’Merher (m); de’Merher whenever, adv, byth pan2; peskweyth may5. (m, RLC); Wednesday night, n phr, dy’Merher dhe where, I adv, ple5, pleth (before a vowel); py5, pyth nos. (before a vowel); II cnj, le may5 (before a weed, n, hwennen (f), hwenn (coll). consonant); le mayth (before a vowel); lebma (RLC); week, n, seythen (f), seythennyow (pl), seythednow py tyller; pe teller (RLC). (pl, RLC). wherever, adv, py le pyna‧g; pe le pena‧g (RLC). weekend, n, penn seythen (m), pennow seythen (pl); wherewithal, n, pygans (m). pedn seythen (m, RLC), pednow seythen (pl, RLC); whether, cnj, bo; po; mar4; mars. pennseythen (f), pennseythennyow (pl); over the which, prn, (interrog.) py; pe (RLC); (of two) pyne‧yl; weekend, phr, dres an Sul; today week, phr, an jorna pene‧yl (RLC); piw a2; that which, phr, an pyth; an ma war seythen. peth (RLC); an dra; (relative particle) a2; (with weekly, I adj, seythennyek; seythednek (RLC); II adv, prepositions) may5. pub seythen; III (publication) n, jornal seythennyek whichever, prn, pyna‧g oll; pena‧g oll (RLC); pyne‧yl; (m), jornals seythennyek (pl); jornal seythednek (m, pene‧yl (RLC). RLC), jornals seythednek (pl, RLC). while, I cnj, hedre‧2; ha(g); II n, pols (m), polj (m); prys weep, vb, ola; dagrewi. (m); pres (m, RLC); tecken (f); a little while ago, adv, weigh, vb, poosa. a-gensow; while I was at school, phr, ha my y’n skol; weight I n, poos (m), posow (pl); poster (m), posterow hedre‧ ven y’n skol. (pl). whim, n, sians (m), siansow (pl). weird, adj, koynt. whisky, n, hwyski (m); dowr tomm Alban (m); dowr welcome, I adj, wolkom; welcome to St. Ives, phr, Porth tobm Alban (m, RLC); gwires Alban (m). Ia a’gas dynnergh; yma‧ Porth Ia orth agas whisper, I n, hanas (m), hanasow (pl), hanajow (pl, wolkomma; II n, dynnargh (m); wolkom (m); RLC); hwystren (f), hwystrennow (pl), hwystrednow recevans (m); III vb, wolkomma; wolkobma (RLC); (pl, RLC); II vb, hwystra; hanasa; hanaja (RLC). dynerhi. whistle, I n, (sound) hwibanans (m); (whiz) hwiban well, I adj, yagh; yn poynt da; to get well, phr, gwellhe‧; (m); (instrument) hwythel (f), hwythellow (pl); I am well, phr, yagh ov; yma‧ ow yehes vy dhymm; hwibanowl (f), hwibanowlow (pl); II vb, hwibana. ma an ’ehes vy dhybm (RLC); yn poynt da ov; II adv, white, I adj, gwynn. yn ta; mas; very well, phr, pur dha; well done!, phr, who, whom, I pers prn, piw; II rel prn, a2; neb a2, pur dha dhis! (sg), pur da dhywgh! (pl); well (perfective) re2. behaved, phr, doth; well known phr, gerys da; III int. whoever, prn, pyna‧g (oll); pena‧g (oll) (RLC); seul. well! whole, I adj, (healthy) yagh; salow; (complete) kowal; Welsh, I adj, Kembrek; II n, (language) Kembrek. dien; (prefixed) kowl-; II n, myns oll (m); mens oll Welshman, n, Kembro (m), Kembrion (pl). (m, RLC); the whole, phr, an … oll; oll an; as a whole, Welshwoman n, Kembres (f), Kembresow (pl). on the whole, phr, dre vras. West, n, west (m); howlsedhes (m); gorlewin (f). wholly, adv, yn tien; oll; (as prefix) kowl-. western, adj, west; a’n west; a’n howlsedhes. whose prn, piw; whose car is this?, phr, piw a byw an wet, I adj, glyb; gleb (RLC); II vb, glybya. karr ma?; dhe biw usi an karr ma? karr piw yw whale, n, morvil (m), morviles (pl). henna?; (relative) he’s the man whose father is in what, I prn, pyth; peth (RLC); pandra; pan2; what is London, phr, ev yw an den mayth usi y das yn that?, phr, pandr’yw henna?; pandr’ew hedna? Loundres. (RLC); pyth yw henna?; peth ew hedna? (RLC); what, why, I adv, prag5; praga5; rag fra (RLC); why are you that which, prn, an pyth; an peth (RLC); now what?, here?, phr, prag yth esos omma?; why aren’t you phr, fatel vydh lemmyn?; fatel vedh lebmyn? (RLC); here?, phr, prag nag esos omma?; why ... not, phr, what’s the matter?, phr, pandr’a hwer?; pandr’yw prag na2; why not?, phr, prag le? prag na?; II cnj, rag; an mater?; II adj, py; pe (RLC); pana2; what’s your rag hemma; rag henna; rag hebma (RLC); rag hedna name?, phr, py hanow os ta?; pyth yw dha hanow?; (RLC); that’s why he’s going home, phr, rag henna what a pity!, phr, truedh!; what kind of ...?, phr, yma‧ va ow mos tre; III why! int, dar! pana2...?; what the devil!, phr, piw an jowl!; III int, wicked, adj, drog; tebel. {Note: ‘tebel’ stands before the dar! noun it describes; ‘drog’ can stand before or after the whatever, prn, pyna‧g (oll); pena‧g (RLC); pyseu‧l a2; noun.} peseu‧l a2 (RLC). wickedness n, drokter (m); drokoleth (m & f).

57 wide, adj, ledan; efan; wide awake, adj, pur dhifun. without, prp, heb; a-der; without doubt, phr, heb mar; widen, vb, ledanhe‧. heb dhout; heb dout; without me, prp prn, hebov; widow, n, gwedhwes (f), gwedhwesow (pl). without you, prp prn, hebos (sg); hebowgh (pl); widowed, adj, gwedhow. without him, prp prn, hebdho; without her, prp prn, widower, n, gwedhow (m), gwedhowyon (pl). hebdhi; without us, prp prn, hebon; without them, width, n, les (m); lester (m, RLC). prp prn, hebdha; hebdhans. wife, n, gwreg (f), gwragedh (pl); farmer’s wife, n, witty, adj, didhanus; hwarthus; sellys. tioges (f), tiogesow (pl). wizard, n, pystrier (m), pystrioryon (pl). wild, adj, gwyls; goodh; wild animal, n, godhvil (m), woe, n, gew (m), gewow (pl); woe is me!, int, go vy! godhviles. wolf, n, bleydh (m), bleydhes (pl). will, I n, bolonjedh (m), bolonjedhow; bodh (m); woman, n, benyn (f), benenes (pl). (testament) kemynskrif (m), kemynskrif (m, RLC), wonder, I n, marth (m), marthow (pl); aneth (m), kemynskrifow (pl); II vb, mynnes; mednes (RLC); anethow (pl); II vb, I wonder, phr, (have doubt) yma‧ I will go home, phr, my a vynn mos tre; my a vedn dout dhymm na vo gwir; (surprised) marth a’m mos tre (RLC); do what you will, phr, gwra kepa‧r beus; marth yw genev; I wonder at them, phr, marth del vynni. a’m beus anedha; yma‧ marth dhymm anedha; ma willing, adj, bodhek; if you are willing, phr, mars yw marth dhybm anedha (RLC). dha vodh. wonderful, adj, marthys; barthek (RLC). willow, n, helygen (f), helyk (coll). wood, n, (forest) koos (m), kosow (pl); (material) prenn win, vb, gwaynya. (m), prennyer (pl); predn (m, RLC), prednyer (pl, winch, n, gwyns (f), gwynsys (pl). RLC). wind, I n, gwyns (m), gwynsow (pl); break wind, phr, wooden, adj, prenn; predn (RLC); a brenn; a bredn bramma; brabma (RLC); wind farm, wind park, n, (RLC). park gwyns (m), parkow gwyns (pl); tredanva wyns wool, n, gwlan (coll); gwloan (coll, RLC). (f), tredanvaow gwyns (pl); II vb, treylya; stumma. word, n, ger (m), geryow (pl); in other words, phr, war windmill, n, melin wyns (f), melinyow gwyns (pl), eryow erel; henn yw dhe leverel; by word of mouth, melidnyow gwyns (pl, RLC). phr, war anow. window n, fe‧nester (f), fe‧nestri (pl); beister (f, RLC), work, I n, ober (m), oberow (pl); hwel (m), hwelyow beistri (pl, RLC). (pl); (labour) lavur (m); work-day, working day, n, windsurfing, n, astelwolyans (m); go windsurfing, vb, gweyth (m), gweythyow (pl); II vb, lavurya; oberi; astelwolya. set to work, phr, gweytha. windy adj, gwynsek; gwynjek (RLC). workbench, n, bynk (f), bynkyow (pl); benk (f, RLC), wine, n, gwin (m), gwinow (pl); red wine, n, gwin rudh benkys (pl, RLC). (m); white wine, n, gwin gwynn; gwin gwydn (RLC). worker, n, gweythor (m), gweythoryon (pl); oberer wing, n, askel (f), eskelli (pl). (m), oberoryon (pl); oberores (f), oberoresow (pl). winter, n, gwav (m), gwoav (m, RLC), gwavow (pl); all workman, n, oberwas (m), oberwesyon (m); gwas hwel winter, phr, dres an gwav; in winter, phr, y’n gwav. (m), gwesyon hwel (pl); gweythor (m), wipe, vb, seha. gweythoryon (pl). wire, n, gwivren (f), gwiver (coll), gwivrow (pl). world, n, bys (m), bysow (pl); bes (m, RLC), besow (pl, wisdom, n, furneth (m); skians (m), skiansow (pl). RLC); all over the world; worldwide phr, dres oll an wise, adj, fur; konnyk; kodnyk (RLC); skentel; skiansek. bys; the world, phr, an bys; an nor; an norvys. wish, I n, hwans (m); bolonjedh (m); bodh (m); II vb, worm, n, pryv (m), pryves (pl), prevyon (pl); mynnes; mednes (RLC); I wish to, phr, yma‧ hwans (earthworm) bulugen (f), buluk (coll). dhymm a2; ma hwans dhybm a2 (RLC). worry, I n, preder (m), prederow (pl); II vb, serri; ania; wits, pl n, konnyk (m); kodnyk (m, RLC); skians (m); ’nia; (someone) grevya; duwenhe‧; don’t worry!, na out of his wits, phr, mes a’y skians. vydh aniys! (sg), na vedhewgh aniys! (pl); I’m witty, adj, didha‧n. worried about him, phr, grevys ragdho ov; I’m with, prp, gans; gen (RLC) {Note: in RLC, gen is used worried, phr, (afraid) yma‧ own dhymm; ma own before consonants and gans before vowels and h}; along dhybm (RLC). with, phr, a-barth dhe2; with me, prp prn, genev; worse, cmp, gweth; lakka. gena’ma (RLC); with you, prp prn, genes (sg); worsen, vb, gwethhe‧. genowgh (pl); with him, prp prn, ganso; ganjo (RLC); worship, I n, golohas (m); II vb, gordhya. with her, prp prn, gensi; with us, prp prn, genen; worst, adj sup, gwettha; lakka. with them, prp prn, gansa; gansans; ganjans (RLC). worth, I adj, talvedhys; it isn’t worth much ny dal within, I prp, a-ji dhe2; a-jei (RLC); yn; a-berth yn; (of nameu‧r; it is not worth anything at all, phr, ny dal time) kyns penn; kens pedn (RLC); II adv, a-ji; a-jei mann; ny dal oy; II n, talvosogeth (f); pris (m); III to (RLC). be worth, vb phr, talvesa.

58 worthless, adj, koog; raff. yesterday morning, adv, de vyttin. worthy adj, gwiw; gwew (RLC); wordhi. yet, adv, hwath. wound, I n, goli (m), goliow (pl); (injury) brew (m), yield, vb, (give way) plegya. brewyon (pl); II vb, golia; brewi; browi (RLC). yoghurt, n, yogort (m), yogortys (pl), yogortow (pl). wrap, vb, wrappya; maylya. yolk, n, melyn oy (m), melenyow oy (pl). wreck, n, gwreck (m), gwreckys (pl). yonder, I adj, enos; nos; II adv, yn hons; enos. wrestle, vb, omdewlel; omdowlel (RLC). you, prn, (sg) ty; che (RLC); (pl), hwi; hwei (RLC); wrestling, n, (sport) omdowl. (enclitic, sg) jy; ta; (enclitic, pl) hwi; hwei (RLC); wretched, adj, truan; trogh; (unlucky) anfeusik; anfujik (infixed, sg) ’th5; (infixed, pl) ’gas. (RLC); (hateful) hegas. young, adj, yowynk; yonk (RLC); when I was young, wring, vb, strotha; gwrynnya; gwrydnya (RLC). phr, ha my yowynk; pan en vy maw (m); pan en vy wrist, n, konna bregh (m), kodna bregh (m, RLC), mowes (f). konaow bregh (pl), dewgonna bregh (dl), dewgodna your, prn (poss adj), (sg), dha2; (pl), agas, ’gas; (infixed, bregh (dl, RLC). sg), ’th5; (infixed, pl), ’gas; ’s. write, vb, skrifa. yourself, prn, dha honan; che dha honan (RLC). writing, n, skrif (m), skrifow (pl). yourselves, prn, agas honan; ’gas honan (RLC). wrong, I adj, (incorrect) kamm; kabm (RLC); youth n, (young age) yowynkneth (f); (young person) (mistaken) kammgemerys; miskemerys (RLC); (bad) yonker (m), yowynkes (pl); (young man) den drog; II n, drokoleth (m & f); kamm (m), kammow yowynk (m); (young woman) benyn yowynk; (pl); kabm (m, RLC), kabmow (pl, RLC); III vb, gul (young people) tus yowynk (pl); youth hostel, n, kamm erby‧nn; gwul kabm warby‧dn (RLC); ostel yowynkneth (f); youth club, n, kowethas dregynna. yowynkneth (m or f).

X, x Z, z zebra, n, zebra (m), zebras (pl); zebra crossing, n, X-ray, I n, dewyn X (m), dewynnow X (pl), dewydnow treusva labol (f). X (pl): golowyn X (m), golowynnow X (pl), zenith, n, uhelder ebron (m); ughboynt (pl). golowydnow X (pl); X-ray photograph, n, skeusen zero, num, mann (m); tra (f, RLC). dhewyn X (f), skeusennow dewyn X (pl), zip, n, zyp (m), zyppys (pl). skeusednow dewyn X (pl, RLC); II vb, X-dewynya. zodiac, n, stergylgh (m), stergylghyow (pl); zodiak (m). zombie, n, zombi (m), zombis (pl). Y, y zone, n, kwartron (m), kwartronys (pl); parth (f), parthow (pl). yacht, n, lester gwari (m), lestri gwari (pl). zoo, n, milva (f), milvaow (pl). yard, n, (measure) lath (f), lathow (pl); half a yard, n, kevelin (m), kevelinyow (pl); (enclosure) lann (f), lannow (pl); ladn (f, RLC), ladnow (pl, RLC); garth (m), garthow (pl). yawn, vb, deleva; dianowi. year, n, bledhen (f), bledhynnyow (pl); bledhydnyow (pl, RLC); years of age, phr, bloodh (m); before the year is out, phr, kyns penn bledhen; kens pedn bledhen (RLC); last year, adv, warlena; warleni; this year, adv, hevlena; hevleni; next year, phr, an vledhen a dheu; all the year round, phr, dres oll an vledhen. yell, I n, garm (f), garmow (pl); us (m), usow (pl); uj (m, RLC), ujow (pl, RLC); II vb, garma; usa; uja (RLC); kria. yellow, adj, melyn. yes, int, ya; ea (RLC); yes, certainly!, phr, dhe wir!; en tei (RLC). {Note: In RMC, ‘yes’ as an answer to yes/no questions is usually expressed by repeating the verb in the question.} yesterday, adv, de; day before yesterday, adv, dygynsete‧; yesterday evening, adv, nyhewer;

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