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1970S Outline I. Richard Milhous Nixon
American History 1970s Outline I. Richard Milhous Nixon (1969-1974) –Republican A. Born Yorba Linda, California –College and WWII B. Machiavellian Political Career –House, Senate, and VP (Checkers) C. Speeches -“Bring Us Together” and the “Great Silent Majority” D. President Nixon Fun Facts II. Presidency of Richard Nixon A. Foreign Policy –Dr. Henry Kissinger –NSA (1969-1974) and Secretary of State (1973-1977) 1. Vietnam War –“Peace with Honor” 2. Moon Landing –July 20, 1969 –Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins 3. Nixon and Communist Countries A. Détente –relaxation of tensions with communist nations B. Triangular Diplomacy –playing the communist countries against each other C. Actions with communist countries 1. Ping Pong 2. Visited the People’s Republic of China –February 21-28, 1972 3. Visited Soviet Union –May 22 – May 30, 1972 –Leonid Brezhnev (1964-82) A. SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) Treaty 4. Vietnam –Cease-fire –January 27, 1973 4. Middle East A. LBJ and the Six Day War June 5-10, 1967 –Israel vs. Egypt, Syria, and Jordan 1. US support –send fighters to Israel 2. Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) –Yasir Arafat B. Yom Kippur War –October 6, 1973 – September 1, 1975 –Egypt & Syria vs. Israel 1. US support –Operation Nickel Grass –airlifted $2 billion in supplies to Israel 2. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 5. Chile –Operation Condor -helped to overthrow President Salvador Allende B. Domestic Policy -New Federalism –“E-Challenges” 1. Economic Crisis –stagflation A. Causes –Vietnam spending, Vietnam War spending, tax cuts, oil prices up B. Solution –New Economic Policy –90 freeze on prices and wages 2. -
Dick Cheney: Vice President for Torture and War
EIRFeature IT DIDN’T START WITH ABU GHRAIB Dick Cheney: Vice President for Torture and War by Jeffrey Steinberg In a rare display of editorial candor, The Washington Post devoted its lead editorial of Oct. 26, 2005 to Vice President Dick Cheney. Under the banner headline “Vice President for Torture,” the Post editors wrote: “Vice President Cheney is aggres- sively pursuing an initiative that may be unprecedented for an elected official of the executive branch: He is proposing that Congress legally authorize human rights abuses by Americans. ‘Cruel, inhuman and degrading’ treatment of prisoners is banned by an international treaty negotiated by the Reagan administration and ratified by the United States. The State Department annually issues a report criticiz- ing other governments for violating it. Now Mr. Cheney is asking Congress to approve legal language that would allow the CIA to commit such abuses against foreign prisoners it is holding abroad. In other words, the vice president has become an open advocate of torture.” After reviewing the evidence of ongoing CIA and military torture of prisoners in Afghanistan and Iraq, resulting in four known deaths, the editorial turned back to the subject of Vice President Cheney: “It’s not surprising that Mr. Cheney would be at the forefront of an attempt to ratify and legalize this shameful record. The vice president has been a prime mover behind the Bush administration’s decision to violate the Geneva conventions and the U.N. Convention Against Torture and to break with decades of past practice by the U.S. military. These decisions at the top have led to hundreds of documented cases of abuse, torture and homicide in Iraq and Afghanistan. -
How Intellectuals and the Ideologies They Market Can Realign American Politics
The Power of Ideas: How Intellectuals and the Ideologies They Market Can Realign American Politics Charlie Frindt Senior Thesis in Political Science April 22, 2019 Advisor: Stephen J. McGovern Acknowledgements Working on this thesis has been incredibly rewarding and insightful, even if the process itself has been long and arduous. Having the opportunity to work on a subject matter I am not only interested in but passionate about has made the many hours put into this project worthwhile. I would first like to thank my advisor, Steve McGovern, for all the help he has given me in writing this thesis. His guidance and encouragement as well as enthusiasm and interest in the subject I have chosen to explore has kept me motivated and focused over the course of the research and writing process. I would also like to thank Professor Zach Oberfield for introducing me to The Politics That Presidents Make by Stephen Skowronek which became the inspiration for this thesis even if it has diverged from the ideas presented in that book. Finally I would like to thank my friends at Haverford for their constant encouragement over the course of this process and my family for the love and support they have given me over the years. 2 Table of Contents I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 4 II. Literature Review .................................................................................................................... 6 Ideological Shifts from the -
Bee Round 3 Bee Round 3 Regulation Questions
NHBB C-Set Bee 2016-2017 Bee Round 3 Bee Round 3 Regulation Questions (1) In 2014, California assemblyman Richard Bloom introduced a bill to stop performances by this company. This organization was fined by OSHA following the 2010 death of its employee, Dawn Brancheau. This company's second site was absorbed by Six Flags Ohio, and its stock plummeted in 2014 after it was criticized in the documentary Blackfish for poor treatment of its star, Tilikum. For the point, name this aquatic amusement park known for its Shamu shows, starring killer whales. ANSWER: Sea World (2) This leader agreed to a non-aggression pact with China as one of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. This leader authorized Operation Vijay to retake Goa from the government of Antonio Salazar. This leader lamented \The light has gone out of our lives" following the assassination of his mentor, Mahatma Gandhi. For the point, name this first Prime Minister of India. ANSWER: Jawaharlal Nehru (3) The youngest person to hold this Cabinet position was a Chief of Staff appointed during the Ford administration's Halloween Massacre. Prior to leading the Halliburton Company and becoming Vice-President, Dick Cheney held this Cabinet post. The longest serving man to hold it was Robert McNamara in the 1960's. Donald Rumsfeld served in, for the point, what Cabinet position that holds authority over the military? ANSWER: Secretary of Defense (4) This leader won the Civic Crown at the Siege of Mytilene. When his soldiers failed to obey his order to retreat, he lost the Battle of Gergovia, but he eventually defeated Vercingetorix [ver-sin-get-or-ix] at the Siege of Alesia. -
NIXON's AXE MAN: CIA DIRECTOR JAMES R. Schlesingeri
Original citation: Moran, Christopher R. (2017) Nixon's axe man : CIA director James R. Schlesinger. Journal of American Studies. Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87325 Copyright and reuse: The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. Publisher’s statement: This article has been published in a revised form in Journal of American Studies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S002187581700086 . This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © Cambridge University Press and British Association for American Studies 2017. A note on versions: The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the ‘permanent WRAP URL’ above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications 1 NIXON’S AXE MAN: CIA DIRECTOR JAMES R. -
For National Security: Gen. Brent Scowcroft
Scowcroft Paper No. 3 For National Security: Gen. Brent Scowcroft Bartholomew Sparrow, PhD June 2016 A significant address presented at the Scowcroft Legacy Conference Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas on April 26, 2016 For more information: bush.tamu.edu/scowcroft/ 1 For National Security: Gen. Brent Scowcroft0F by Bartholomew Sparrow Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin “A friend in Washington is someone who In 1925 Scowcroft was born into a family stabs you in the chest.” Brent Scowcroft that was, as we see, established socially and well sometimes tells this joke to break the ice when off materially; indicatively, his parents were beginning a speech. The irony, though, is that married in the Mormon temple in Salt Lake City. Scowcroft has a great many friends and admirers. By all accounts he had a happy childhood. Brent It is this capacity for friendship, together with his was a member of the Boy Scouts, skied, played other personal qualities, his upbringing, military golf, and roamed around the Wasatch foothills background, and intellectualism, that have made with his friends, only blocks from his home. As him so remarkably effective and so very much the youngest of three children and the only son, respected and, it is fair to say, so adored in Scowcroft was, he concedes, “spoiled.” Not once Washington, around the country, and around the did he remember hearing his parents fight, and he world. never remembered feeling any tension at home. Later, reflecting on his upbringing, Scowcroft To understand General Scowcroft’s wryly observed that his idyllic childhood gave success as a policymaker means returning to his him a highly distorted view of his fellow 2 family background—at least in part. -
The Fates of American Presidents Who Challenged the Deep State (1963-1980) アメリカの深層国家に抗した大統領の運 命(1963-1980)
Volume 12 | Issue 43 | Number 4 | Article ID 4206 | Oct 20, 2014 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus The Fates of American Presidents Who Challenged the Deep State (1963-1980) アメリカの深層国家に抗した大統領の運 命(1963-1980) Peter Dale Scott In the last decade it has become more and subsurface part of the iceberg I more obvious that we have in America today shall call the Deep State, which what the journalists Dana Priest and William operates according to its own Arkin have called compass heading regardless of who is formally in power.3 two governments: the one its citizens were familiar with, I believe that a significant shift in the operated more or less in the open: relationship between public and deep state the other a parallel top secret power occurred in the 1960s and 1970s, government whose parts had culminating in the Reagan Revolution of 1980. mushroomed in less than a decade In this period five presidents sought to curtail into a gigantic, sprawling universe the powers of the deep state. And as we shall of its own, visible to only a see, the political careers of all five—Kennedy, carefully vetted cadre—and its Johnson, Nixon, Ford and Carter—were cut off entirety . visible only to God.1 in ways that were unusual. One president, Kennedy, was assassinated. Another, Nixon, was forced to resign. And in 2013, particularly after the military return to power in Egypt, more and more To some extent the interplay of these two forms authors referred to this second level asof power and political organization is found in 2 America’s “deep state.” Here for example is all societies. -
President Ford Committee - Advisory Committee Meeting” of the Richard B
The original documents are located in Box 18, folder “President Ford Committee - Advisory Committee Meeting” of the Richard B. Cheney Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 18 of the Richard B. Cheney Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library Jim - Should this be kept by Dick Cheney or Jerry Jones? Trudy .. • THE P~SIDENT HAS SUI ..-~ ·, . I / November 18, 1975 _f)_d!:!!-- MEMORANDUM FOR: DICK CHENEY 7~~ FROM: JERRY H. SUBJECT: Report on PFC .Advisory Committee Meeting on Monday1 November 17; 2:30 - 6:30 p.m• .ATTENDEES Burch Herman Harlow Parma Laird Goldwater Bliss Callaway Dole Spencer Scott Marik Holshouser .Assorted top level PFC staff members 1 Douglass regional directors, etc. PURPOSE OF THE MEETING To give a general overview of the organizational decisions made since the previous meeting, to discuss key activities in each a rea, and to discuss important issues facing the campaign. AGENDA .A. -
2019 Course Catalog
SPRING: MARCH 11-MAY 3 Gold Member Registration: Feb. 5 • Silver Member: Feb. 12 SUMMER: MAY 6-MAY 31 Gold Member Registration: Feb. 5 • Silver Member: Feb. 12 2019 COURSE CATALOG SPRING & SUMMER 2019 A New 12-Week Series Guest Speakers Listening to Women: Changing the Future p. 13 · Spring Lecturer: Hedda Matza-Houghton p. 9 · Einstein’s Circle: Dr. Susan MacManus p. 11 Celebrations for Gold Members, Instructors, and Volunteers p. 10 www.OLLIatRinglingCollege.org • 941-309-5111 Stay Curious. Stay Connected. EVERY GIFT MATTERS IN BUILDING OUR FUTURE Dear OLLI Friend, As we enter the 20th year of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI) at Ringling College, our future has never looked brighter! In the fall we will be in our permanent home at the Sarasota Museum of Art. Also, we are expanding our services in Lakewood Ranch through a partnership with Schroeder-Manatee Lakewood Ranch. Our Strategic Program Committee is helping us develop programs for pre and new retirees. With 10,000 Boomers turning 65 every day, it’s an exciting time to be a lifelong learning provider. As we look to the future, we also want to acknowledge some important milestones: • In 1999 we provided lifelong learning services to 75 retirees; in 2018 that number rose to 2,648 retirees • We provided educational services in Sarasota, Bradenton, Lakewood Ranch, Longboat Key, and Anna Maria Island • Because of our excellent programming and stewardship of resources, we received The Bernard Osher Foundation Grant to become one of only 122 OLLIs in the nation • We celebrated our five-year partnership with Westminster Point Pleasant in Bradenton as its lifelong learning provider In addition to these milestones, our members continue to tell us what OLLI means to them: “Retirement was not easy for me. -
Congressional Record—Senate S5837
June 14, 2006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5837 committee had all the facts we needed pass this bill but to serve the interests Mr. LEVIN. Maybe we could ascer- to proceed to making a decision on the of our country. tain that. He is on his way to the floor. President’s request. I am happy to recommend this con- I know he was willing to make the Our staff members are the very best. ference report to the Senate. I yield modification. It is helpful to put the We are very fortunate in the Senate to back the remainder of the time avail- date of his amendment in line with our have the benefit of the services of able under the order. bill, the fiscal year, as I understand it. Keith Kennedy, who is staff director of f Mr. WARNER. I suggest the absence the Appropriations Committee, and his of a quorum. NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- counterpart on the other side, Terry The PRESIDING OFFICER. The TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2007 Sauvain, is equally dutiful and depend- clerk will call the roll. able in his efforts on behalf of our com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The legislative clerk proceeded to mittee. Chuck Keiffer managed much ator from Virginia. call the roll. of the floor activity and was at the Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, under Ms. STABENOW. Madam President, I markup session that we had that ran the standing order, is not the Senate ask unanimous consent that the order way past midnight the night we were now to return to the annual authoriza- for the quorum call be rescinded. -
It Didn't Start with Abu Ghraib: Dick Cheney, Vice President For
Click here for Full Issue of EIR Volume 32, Number 44, November 11, 2005 EIRFeature IT DIDN’T START WITH ABU GHRAIB Dick Cheney: Vice President for Torture and War by Jeffrey Steinberg In a rare display of editorial candor, The Washington Post devoted its lead editorial of Oct. 26, 2005 to Vice President Dick Cheney. Under the banner headline “Vice President for Torture,” the Post editors wrote: “Vice President Cheney is aggres- sively pursuing an initiative that may be unprecedented for an elected official of the executive branch: He is proposing that Congress legally authorize human rights abuses by Americans. ‘Cruel, inhuman and degrading’ treatment of prisoners is banned by an international treaty negotiated by the Reagan administration and ratified by the United States. The State Department annually issues a report criticiz- ing other governments for violating it. Now Mr. Cheney is asking Congress to approve legal language that would allow the CIA to commit such abuses against foreign prisoners it is holding abroad. In other words, the vice president has become an open advocate of torture.” After reviewing the evidence of ongoing CIA and military torture of prisoners in Afghanistan and Iraq, resulting in four known deaths, the editorial turned back to the subject of Vice President Cheney: “It’s not surprising that Mr. Cheney would be at the forefront of an attempt to ratify and legalize this shameful record. The vice president has been a prime mover behind the Bush administration’s decision to violate the Geneva conventions and the U.N. Convention Against Torture and to break with decades of past practice by the U.S. -
Managing Defense, Air, and Space Programs During the Cold War
Reflections of a Technocrat Managing Defense, Air, and Space Programs during the Cold War DR. JOHN L. MCLUCAS with KENNETH J. ALNWICK AND LAWRENCE R. BENSON FOREWORD by MELVIN R. LAIRD Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama August 2006 Air University Library Cataloging Data McLucas, John L. Reflections of a technocrat : managing defense, air, and space programs during the Cold War / John L. McLucas with Kenneth J. Alnwick and Lawrence R. Benson ; foreword by Melvin R. Laird. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-58566-156-2 1. McLucas, John L. 2. Aeronautics—United States—Biography. 3. Aeronautical engineers—United States—Biography. 4. United States. Dept of the Air Force— Biography. 5. United States. Federal Aviation Administration—Biography. 6. Astronautics and state—United States—History. I. Title. II. Alnwick, Kenneth J. III. Benson, Lawrence R. 629.130092—dc22 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. All photographs are courtesy of US Government or family photos except as noted. Air University Press 131 West Shumacher Avenue Maxwell AFB, AL 36112-6615 http://aupress.maxwell.af.mil ii Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii FOREWORD . vii ABOUT THE COAUTHORS . xiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xv INTRODUCTION . xix Notes . xxv 1 FROM COUNTRY BOY TO COMPANY PRESIDENT . 1 Whose Son Am I? . 1 Attending Davidson College and Tulane University . 6 Employing Radar in the Navy . 9 Growing a High-Tech Enterprise .