July 1979
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J 0
Board of Director Elections-Vote Nowl "' Ed Bas asks, "What's holding up the show?" "Wealth: The Super Weapon," by Carolyn Henson L-5 NEWS A PUBLICATION OF THE L-5 SOCIETY VOL. 4 NUMBER 5 JULY 1979
In this issue:
Jennifer L. Atkins, Editor-in-Chief 1 Wealth: The Super Weapon by Carolyn Henson. Could wealth be the key to ending all wars? Randy Ci<111101u, Caroly11 llr11su11. Editorwl Staff 2 Inhibitors: What's Holding Up the L-5 Show? Ed Bas looks for the stumbling blocks holding up space commercialization.
Roa rd of / )1r(t tor.~: l.wuu~ A.,111un• 3 L-5's National Anthem? Bill Higgins' and Bary Gehm's hilarious space Brtrr)' (;oltfo•alrr. Sr. song "Home, Home on Lagrange." l
L-5 News (USPS JJB-090) IO Announcements l'11blica t10 11 office: lhf' L -5 Soci~ty. 1060 £. Elm, Tuf'son, Arizona 85719. Published mo nthly. 12 Inside the L-5 Society S ubscrip1ion: $12.00 per year. included in dues (f,20.00 per year. 13 Annual Elections Vote now for the L-5 Board of Directors. .1111dents 515.00 per year). Second class postagr paid at Tucson. il riwna and addilional offices. Copyright © 1979 by the L-5 Societ)>. No part 0J 1his periodirnl may be rpproduced without written co11se111 of 1he L-5 Society. Tht• op111io11s expre.ued by /h r rwthors do 11 01 11ecess11rily rl'flect thr polic-11o ft hc L-5 Society. Membership Services: L -5 Societ)i. 1620 N . Park Avenue, Tucson. Arizona 85719. T elepho11e: r.021622-6]5/. Change of address notices, undelivera ble Cover: What's there to do on a Sa LUrday night if yo u're a solar power satellite cop ies, orders for subscriptions, and construction worker sta tioned at geosynchronous orbit? Pictured here are two workers other m ail items are to be sent to: loosening up with free fa ll acrobatics in the recreation room. The woman's weighted L-S Society Membuship Services belt helps 10 balance the center of gravity where her hands clasp her partner's. 1620 N. Park O utside the window North America a nd a IOGW power satellite 100 km2 are visible. Tucson, AZ 85719 (Artwork by Carolyn Henson.) Wealth: The Super Weapon
() 0 o~ ~o by Carolyn Henson Artwork by Jame~ Babcock
"'The evidence shows a strong correlation between economic deprivation and violent social action.' .. wealth ... may someday silence all the guns and bombs and nukes."
Space colonizalion may give us Lhe lever cording 10 him -and many other re But-ii all sounds 100 simple, doesn't age Lo pul a n end Lo war. How? Ask Micky searchers -1he colonization of space will iL? Didn't the U.S. send troops 10 Vie1nam McWilliams. He's a tall, red-bearded generaLe enormous wealth. T ake unlimit a nd bomb Hanoi? Yes, but would we have sociology instructor a1 1he University of ed energy, trillions of ions of asteroids done ii if Hanoi could have bombed Los ~ li ssissippi and Pres ide11 1of1he Ole ~ l i ss full of nickel, iron, platinum, water, oil, Angeles? h would have killed people, L-5 chapter. every known dcmen1. and a bunch of damaged real estate and tied up traffic on 0 This modern day Vi king isn "1t•xac lly one advc11 1urou~ peoplt' and Wt' ll crca1e an the freeways! Ralph Nader would have of your detached ivory tower types. In Lhe forced the governmem 10 recall the war fall of 1977 he was invited to presem his because ii was unsafe for the consumers. ideas to a C:Ongressional seminar on space How about civil unrest in How about civil unrest in our country? colonization. So he and 1wo friends hop our countryr ... people who The Weathermen moslly blew up them ped imo his car, which carried a dayglo selves. The Symbionese Libera1ion Army "L-5 Sex al Zero Gravity" bumper sticker, have hi-f is and cars and scuba never gathered more than a handful of and tooled off for Washington. gear don't want to lose them. warriors. The reason is that people who Maybe that slicker was bad luck, because have hi-fis and cars and scuba gear don't ~ hours out they were broadsided by a want 10 lose them. Lruck. A nearby hospital sewed them back economic boom as big as the galaxy. In New Delhi, on the other hand, when Logelher and a friend drove them home 10 How will Lhis wealth end war? "The people gel mad a t the government they go Oxford. Micky's car was LOtaled. evidence shows a strong correlation be bananas. I remember the time-it was late As Lhey reached city limits 1he unlucky tween economic deprivation and violem November 1966-when some Indians were trio decided they could't bear 10 miss their social action." Micky explains. "Of the 27 protesting their govemmem 's refusal to chance 10 bend 1he course of his1ory. De countries classified by the World Bank as ban Lhe butchering of caule. h was per claring. ·· 1regH·I1ha1 I ha\"l· b111 one car 10 rich, only one suffered a major imernal fectl y legal for the local butcher 10 go ouL give 10 the movemem ," Micky borrowed upheaval on its own 1erriLOry between in the middle of the night a nd call "here an old raule1rap and they drove off, s1i1ches 1958 through 1966. On the other hand, cow, here cow" until he found a nice and headaches and bruises, day and night, during this same period 32 of the 38 heahhy stray hunk of hamburger. He'd and just barely staggered into the Rayburn nations classified as very poor experienced lure it imo his house and butcher it. The Building in time 10 meet with members of significam con£lic1s ... next morning he'd stuff a chunk of the C:Ongress. Yes, wealth is the super weapon that carcass in a gunny sack and go from door McWilliams' message? "We're talking may someday silence all the guns a nd to door, selling 10 Moslems and Christians. about opening up our environment." Ac- bombs and nukes. "Pssil Wanna buy some bee£?" I must admit, sacred cow steak was a mouthwatering delight. Anyhow, one day Inhibitors: this huge procession of cow-sympathizers came marching down the street. It was a real sight. At least a quaner of these prot estors were sadhus-holy men and women What's Holding Up who go naked with ashes and cow dung plastered in their hair. I got bad vibes from the crowd so I nonchalantly faded back and got inside just before the first volley of bricks hit the windows. the L-5 Show? Having never seen honest to gosh violence I ran to a second story window for a good view-more time to duck the "Our power monopolies had Edison, Ford had Ford. bricks up there I People lay bleeding on the street. Police with staves were beating up Who will sell space?" everyone they could catch and rioters were now running around turning over buses and torching them. Columns of smoke by Ed Bas t0wered everywhere. I started to get ner vous when a character with a torch started "The crowd had pushed to the west end maims. And first, probably most impor running my way. of the platform as the ship swarmed up the tant, Dula notes a lack of an "obvious I dashed for the bedroom and stuffed mountain. Harriman had stayed where he mandate from within NASA to promote opals and star rubies in my bra-I didn't was, nor had Dixon and Strong followed commercial materials processing." have any rupees on hand and figured a the crowd. The three were alone, Harriman Mandate as in "an authoritative com bribe or two could come in handy. I pulled most alone for he did not seem aware that mand" -Webster. the end of my sari over my head and looked the others were near him. He was watching NASA would like private industry to at myself in the mirror. Would the rioters the sky. commit funds early to research and devel believe that I was a six foot tall blue-eyed "Strong was watching him. Presently opment aboard the space shuttle. But pri vegetarian? Strong barely whispered to Dixon, 'Do you va te industry is in a trend of shying away T hen I heard a holler-the cavalry had read the Bible?' from pure R&D, and the more they demon come through, or at least a jeep from the "'Some.' strate this the more reluctant NASA seems American Embassy. As we roared off to " 'He looks as Moses must have looked, to "sell themselves." their forLified compound I noticed one as he gazed out over the promised land.' It has to do with traditional "laissez bloody body had lain in the street for a long "Harriman dropped his eyes from the faire" or government in industry-hands time. sky and saw them. 'You guys still here?' he off or the next step is socialism. Or maybe, The p lain fact is that people who said. 'Come on-there's work to be like most government agencies, NASA has couldn't even dream of owning a bicycle, done.'" a problem in selling themselves because who fear they'll be a casualty of the next -Robert Hei nlein they simply don't know how to go about famine, have a lot to gripe about. They The Man Who Sold the Moon it. may at times seem to have quixotic goals: Where are you, Delos D. Harriman, now Dula suggests large amounts of person the right to force women to wear veils, the that we need you? Our power monopolies al contact, and willingness to involve all right to put the Sikh butcher out of busi had Edison, Ford had Ford. Who will sell nonaerospace industry. ness. But they have little to lose and much space? Heinlein wrote the blueprint for Two points: one of congratulations, one to gain. him in his 1910 story-wanted: a pioneer just a question mark or rather several. T he same goes for wars. When Idi Amin ing spirit, a mover and a shaker. But where Representatives of North American got afraid that Ugandans were about to is his real-life counterpart? Who will make Rockwell showed up at Oakland Univer kick his ass, he distracted h is angry outer space the greatest thing since sliced sity (Rochester, Mich .) to sell the shuttle. coum rypeople by provoking a war with bread? They huckstered it just like you'd sell soap Tanzania. h 's an age old trick, but it For all the good intentions, there are flakes-and they did it before a general doesn't seem to work on a prosperous still major stumbling blocks to the indus assembly of the local chapter of the Society people. trialization of outer space by American of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Is it be Of course, it could be people are just industry. Art Dula, a Houston corporate neath NASA dignity to stand on a street perverse. In spite of Micky McWilliams' attorney specializing in technical and corner? Does it smack of socialism for a observations, even the unlimited wealth of patem law, believes he has indentified the government agency to try to turn a pro space may not bring an end to riots, war "most important inhibitors affecting the fit ? and bloody revolt. But it's such a pleasam potential commercial materials proces Along the same lines. the September '78 sounding cure that it's surely worth a try. sors/ NASA business rela tionship." issue of Business Week had a special You can do your bit to end war the fun Yes, "inhibitors.'' pull-out section on lhe space shuttle-put way by getting your dayglo orange "L-5 For the most pan, they poim the finger there by advertisers, not editorial writers. Sex at l.ero Gravity" bumper sticker from at a general lack of knowledge on the part Wonder of wonders, there was even a post Micky McWilliams, L-5 Ole Miss, Box of the private, nonaerospace contractors of card enclosed to send in for more informa 89 1. Oxford. MS 38655. They cost 50ti each, what space (read: :-.!ASA) has to offer. tion on products and services available three for Sl.25. And remember to slil y 0111 What's more, they don't know how to deal through the shuttle. Everyone I requested of tlw way or trucks! with the government (again, read: NASA) information from responded, and it wasn't and are uncertain or downright uneasy just Boeing and Rockwell. over working within government con- The other point has to do with the risks
2 L-5 News, July 1979 incurred by business in outer space ven third party suit seeking 10 force NASA to Can a government entity ever success tures. Depending on who you believe, disclose publicly the results of research fully interact with American industry? Or Skylab will impact (read: crash) the Earth done on the space transportation system by are the two forever distinctly separate this year, either scattering flaming debris nonaerospace industrial users." breeds? over much of 1he inhabited portion of the NASA could remedy this easily and im Is American industry really settling into plane!, or plop harmlessly into the ocean. mediately, by waiving any requirements complacency, afraid of speculation? Are Is private industry ready to take such a that industry information be made public. we sure how liability, patent laws and risk for a launch they sponsor? And, more Looking beyond the shuttle, who owns government contracts wi ll fare in the importantly, do 1hey carry such risk? the Moon? A 1971 International Lunar future? The West Germans seem to have As Dula points ou1, space law is un overcome these problems, if we can believe clear- as is all law where there are no in Orbital Transpon-und Raketen precedents. But a 1972 United Nations Aktiengesellschaft (OTRAG). They are treaty gives clear and absolute liability to Is it beneath NASA dignity out 10 scoop the world on delivering the the launching state in the event of an to stand on a street corner? cheapest (CHEAP!!!) launch vehicle 10 accident. This is the Liability O>nvention, Does it smack of socialism for a orbit international payloads. Henry Ford a sort of corollary to the 1967 Treaty of may have put our nation on wheels, but Principles. government agency to try to Datsun and Toyota are helping keep it If there were a question of liability, what turn a profit? there. In faCl. OTRAG ha\ \\'himsically would stop the United States from financ bcc·n dubbed "\'olb-Rocket." ing a catch-all umbrella insurance policy, For every step, there seems 10 be another such as it did with 1he nuclear power Treaty states that "the surface and depth of question left unanswered, to say nothing industry in the Price-Anderson act? the Moon cannot be the property of states of those that haven't been asked yet. But There is also some confusion over ... or not as well as the property of physical making money isn't supposed to be easy, whether patent and data rights can be re persons." or without committment, or risk. tained by nonaerospace users of the O>uld international space law prevent As D.D. Harriman said, "You ask me to shuule. No one industry is going 10 bridge the movement of lunar materials once a show figures on a brand-new type of enter new frontiers if ii can't be sure of hanging mass-driver is established, or even for L-5 prise, knowing I can't. It's like asking the 01110 new knowledge. Dula said that this mass-shielding? Do we have the right to go Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk to estimate goes back to the Kennedy era of "full light in and kick things around before Zambia how much money Curtiss-Wright O>rp of disclosure" 10 contrast the Soviet and Botswana can build rockets and have oration would someday make out of build Union's secret space program. And Dula the thrill of a national "first" Moon land ing airplanes." calls the policy "an open invitation to a ing? L-5's National Anthem? Home, Home on Lagrange The following crazy space song was by Bill Higgins & Barry Gehm written by Bill Higgins, an engineering physicist, and Barry Gehm who is doing Oh, give me a locus where the gravitons Chorus PhD work on the biochemistry of vision focus I've been feeling quite blue since the at MSU . The song was first published in Where the three-body problem is solved. crysLa ls I grew the Summer, 1978 issue of The Co Where the microwaves play, down at Became 100 big to fit through the door. Evolution Quarterly. Bill Higgins writes: three degrees K, But from slices I sold, Hewleu-Packard, Since we introduced it at the and the cold virus never evolved. I'm told, Worldcon in Miami Beach in 1977, Chorus: Made a chip that was seven foot four. the song has become quite popular among science fiction fans and in Home, Home on LaGrange. Chorus L-5 circles. This summer it will be Where the space debris always collecLs. If we run out of space for our published by Ace in Jerry Pour We possess, so it seems, two of man's burgeoning race, ncl lc·s anchology The Endless Fron greatest dreams, No more Lebensraum leh for che tier. Wt"n· sung ic (usually co the Solar power and zero-gee sex. Mensch, accompaniment of my ukelele) all We eat algae pie, our vacuum is high, When we're ready to start we can Lake over America, in cars, on merry-go Our ball-bearings are perfectly round. Mars apan, rounds, in hotel rooms, and even Our horizon is curved, our warheads If we just find a big enough wrench. once knee-deep in a wading pool are MIRVed Chorus filled with dry ice, illuminatd by And a kilogram weighs half a pound. laser beams. I'm sick of this place, it's just Barry's fond hope is that large Chorus McDonald's in space, space colonies will indeed be built, You don't need no oil, nor a tokamak And living up here is a bore. and that their citizens will choose coil Tell the shiggies "Don't cry," they can " Home on Lagrange" as their na Solar stations provide Earth with juice. kiss me goodbye, tional anthem. Why not? h 's just Power beams are sublime; so nobody 'Cause I'm moving next week to L4. the thing to sing before settling will mind Copyright 1977 by Bill Higgins and down to a ball game ... If we cook an occasional goose. Barry Gehm
3 Apollo 16 viewed from thr Lunar Module at Earthrise.
by Ed Bas
L5 enthmiasb have made a valid point cost about S 10 million toduplicatc· thc200- The great discoveries of the next that the fruition of a space colony will inch reflector. about one·thir
4 L-5 News, July 1979 Gas Entrained Solids A Heat Transfer Fluid For Use In Space
Part I of a two-part article. by H. Keith Henson K. Eric Drexler Analog Precision, Inc. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The high cost of low temperature radiators could be reduced by the use of extraterrestrial materials.
The ra te of expansio n or human activi ways to dispose or immense amounts of tor temperature will be counterproductive ties into space will depend a t lcast in pan waste heat. Radiators for these applica due to the cost of equipment. energy. and on the rela ti\'l' advantages and d isadvan tio ns will USC vast quantities of materia ls the additional radiator area required to iages that spacr o ffers to industry com and will be ve ry. very large. Hopefully, a dump the heat pump energy.• pared to thos1· ofl'1·red by planetary sur method discussed below wil l keep them Given this radiation rate a nd assuming facc·s. In sp ill, of the a uth o r ~· well kno wn from being correspondingly expensive. sunlighdiltered to one kW per mcter2 • ha b bias in favo1 of m oving in 5 ( 1210 deg. F). At this temperature. they radiators. A glance a t current space habitat would radiate close to 100 times as much models indicates that the radiators may waste heat per square meter as habitat or miss being optimized by a factor of 4 or 5. industrial radiators. Brayton cycle SPS Another possibly sub-opti m iscd geomet radiator designs were proposed to o perate ric characteristic is the "self-viewing" above 530 degrees Kelvin, where they noted in some radia tor designs. A radiator radiate between four and five kilowaus per which faces part of itself or another radia square meter. Even at this rate, a 10 G\o\I tor of the same temperature has reduced SPS would have about 6 square kilometers effective radiation over what it would have of radiator surface area. with an unobstructed vi ew of the sky. It would seem enough of a burden that A sma ll amount of self-viewing may be waste heat radiators need to be so large, permissable if it a llows the radiator to be but, worse yet, they exhibit diseconomies broken imo smaller blocks. T he u adeoffs of scale. The radiation rate (R) is propor between smaller radiator segments and the tional to the square of the linear dimensions, ideal of a radiator looking only at the stars and mass (M ) is proportional LO the cube of is somewhat complex. Radiawr self view the linear dimensions. ing can sometimes be avoided by using M::u ( I) thin reflector sheets to block the view from R::L2 (2) 2m v one radiat0r to another. The reflecwr Therefore M/ R (in units of kg/ kw) sheets should not reflect a radia tor upon :: L ' / L 2 or L itself. by (2) L::JR A planar arrayof tubes provides an exam or M/ R ::JR ple of the potential improvement refl ector For radiators, small, if not beautiful, is sheets can provide. Figure (A) shows the at least less expensive. (See box) effective loss o f surface area of an array of In the Boeing Brayton cycle SPS design. tubes as a functio n of their spacing to diameter ratio. Touching tubes provide an the radiators would be twice as heavy for the same dissipation if the four modules 1.0 were combined into a sing le unit. As it is, • F..fft~cch1..• ,urrart·· :1 .. a radiators, fluid and the piping system for l 1111nion ''' 1lw pi1r h the hea t transfer fluid contribute about 45% This may not be obvious. but lU di:Ulll'll'r r;11io of the mass of a thermal SPS. 1 Later work consider rw o idemically-shaped 0.9 on the po1.assi11m R:mkinf' cycle both radiators at the same operating raised the radiator temperature (at the conditio ns. one four times as expense of thermodynamic effi ciency) and large a nd twice as long as the 0.8 reduced the radiator module size by increas o ther. The small o ne will con ing the number of power modules to I 6.2 tain a fluid mass of m, which There are o ther discouraging factors passes through in a unit of time about radia tors. In large single phase (i.e. (LIV). The sma ll one has a radia· 0.7 non-condensing) radiawrs, where the fluid tion rate of R and the large one. mass is dominant. ir seems impossible 10 4R. The velocity of fl ow (V) wi ll desig n the piping system w have less mass be limited by the fluid. Now con· 0.6 ..____ _ ...... _ ___..__ ___ ...... _ __~ than the radiawr itself. Fluids, especially sider rhe left half of the large liquids, are limited in the maximum ve loc radiator which radiates 2R. To Fig. A r o ity of flow. For water in commercia l a ir carry twice as much heat. a mass conditioning systems. this limit is about o f 2m per unit rime (f/V) must effective area per unit leng th of only 2d eight feet per second. Higher velocity will flow into the radiator. Since the instead of rrd. Tubes spaced far apart cause pipe damage due LO cavitation. Min velocity is the same. the fluid den radiate better but require long a nd there· imum system mass requires maximum sity per unit area of the radiator fo re massive headers to connect them. Fig velocity everywhere in the closed loop. If must be doubled. Therefore the ure (B) and Fig ure (C) give examples of the velocity (and density) is constant, the larger radiator must have twice reflectors which improve the radiation per cross section area of the loop must be con as much fluid mass per unit area formance to about that of a n isolated tube. stant a lso. It follows, therefore, that the as the smaller radiator. In Figure (B) the wbes are spaced about 4.8 mass of a piping system will be propor radii apart, providing 65% of the area a fl at tional 10 its length. mx. The radiator a nd the return pipe will surface between them would provide. In Because the pipe mass is proponional 10 each have a mass of m/ x. System mass is Fig ure (C) the spacing is 3.65 radii g iving a its length, simple geometry of planar the sum of these three or M=m (x+(2/ x)). performance of 85% of a fl at surface shapes a nd closed loops will define the besr The minimum (about 3.4 times the radia· between them would provide. At this spac shapes for radiawrs. One example is a tor mass) for this functio n occurs at a n ing the reflecwrs provide a 17% improve radiator of unir area, aspect ratio x, and aspect ratio of the square root of 2. Since ment in the radia ti on by preveming the mass (if in a square shape) of m . The aspect wl l =J2 and wl =I , w=•J2 and I =1! 4 J2 wbes from seeing each other. An "'air mat ratio is the width (across flow) w length ( l.1 9by .84). Therewrn pipe is not needed if tress" design (essentia ll y a number of over (with fl ow) ra tio. As each of the tapered the fluid is reheated by passing it through a lapping wbes with common walls) is bet headers that distributes the fluid 10 the heat exchanger and on to an adjacem radia ter at space filling, but for the same radiator has a dia meter weig hted length of tor. In this case, system mass is minimized amoum of materia l g ives o nly 72% of the l/ 2x, the two headers will have a mass of (at twice radiator mass) by using square radiatio n of an isola ted tube. Fabrication 6 L-5 News, July 1979 (i.e. lunar) extra1errestrial ma terials. The entrained solids heat exchangers. only fluid known to be ava ilable in quan There is a lso substantia l li1era1urc on tity rrom the Moon for use a t these tempera 1hc suhjecl of moving, separating. a nd tures is oxygen gas. In 1977 one of us (llcn even cooling dus1 mixed wi1h a ir. Most o f son ) explo red the p o~s ibiliti cs or o xygrn 1he cemen1. fl our. a nd o ther bulk subsian rilled habitat radiators in a short a rticle.i ces in 1hiscoumry are loaded and unloaded The a mount of heat a gas stream can carry fro m shipping containers by pneumatic a way is propo rtiona l to its mass. Reasona conveying. Unfortunately. due to thedomi ble mass flows require fai rly high pressure nanceof gravitationa l effects. this informa ------4 Sr (a substan1i.l l fraction of an a tmosphere). tion will be of little use for desig ning zero Fig. R leading once again 10 the problems o r thick gravity systems. Research on the zero g rav· and cosily radia1or walls and the possibil ity movement or solids in gas streams and ity of high loss rates th rough p unc1ures. sepa ra 1o rs for gases and solids sho uld have Now let us consider the ideal hc:a l a hig h priority as hard engineering data transfer fluid fo r use in space. 11 wo uld will be needed ro r zero gra vity process have high spcciric heat. very low va por design. pressure (which keeps do wn 1he leak rate as well as reducing the wall thickness T o be ro11tint1ed in the Au.g ust L-5 News. required ) and low viscosity (to keep pump Fig. C ing losses down). For SPS use, compa1a bi l ity with high vol1age power conductors REFERENCES or 1he "air mauress" shape. while simple, and insulators. and the power 1ransmis I. Woodcock. C.R., "Solar Sa1elli1cs would be more diffir ull 1lrnn plain tubes. h sion antenna is a concern. Unpublished SpacC' Key to Our Energy Future.'' Astro also makes blocki ng orr and dcpressurizing Boeing studies have noted the powntia l nautics 8c Aeronautics, July/ Aug us1 1977. a tube for repairs difficult. compa1abili1y problems of sodium and pot· 2. Gregory. D.L.. et al. Solar Power Sat Micrometcors make case of repa irs a con assium with these subsystems. In addi1ion. ellite, Systems Definition Study, Part II. sidera1i on in radia1or design. The size or the heat tra nsfer fluid sho uld no t freete Vo l. Ill, D 180-22876-3. pg. 79. the radiators will be so large that microme (removing wa1er from consideration even 3. Ibid. pg. 7. teoro id impacts. some causing holes. will ir it were available). should be a\·ailabll' 4. Henson. H.K... Waste Heat Rejection fro m the Moon or astero ids a nd requi re be commonplace. A square kilomcterrad ia- Mc1hods for Space Habita ts, .. L-5 l'lews, 1or using 0.008 inch thick wa lls would minima l processing. ll 1urns ou1 that spacc· A pri I. 1977. experience about 20 p 11nc111rcs per hou r. may be foll or just what is needed. Each increase o f wall 1hickncss by a Jiule Shortly after the Princeton Space Man u m over 2 (cube· root» o f I 0) would dC'crt'ase facturing Con fere nce of 1977. the other 1he punc111 rc ra te by a factor of I 0.3 a uthor (Drexler) thought of using gas Ano ther serious sourre o r 1rouble posed entrained solids for hea t tra nsrer in Lero L-5 Saves the Day by punctures is 1ha1s ubs1antia l a mo unts o f gra vity. The idea is qui1e simple. Use a lo w the gas or liquid hea1 tra nsrcr fluid circu pressure gas o n the o rder o r I% or an a1mos by Ken M cCormick lated within the radia1or could he lost. phere to move finely divided solids over 1hc Leaks can have serious econo mic conse heat transfer surfaces. When representative Don Fuqua's cam quences especiall y ir 1hc hca1 1ransrerfluid In this kind of heat transfer fluid most or paig n to obtain the necessary 220 co-spon must be imported from Ear1h . T hey would the heat would be moved fro m 1hc heat sors for a bi ll to proclaim a ''United Slates be less significanl if ex1ra1 crrcs1rial resour exchanger to the radia1or surface hy th<• Space Observance" this year showed signs ces or lower cost could be used. There arc solids a1 no cost in structural mass. In the of rizzl ing OU(, members or the L-5 Society also potential problems wi1h 1hc leaking microgravity environment of space, there responded in the I Ith hour with mail fluid damaging nearby objects. T he i nhab should be no tendency fo r 1he solids to grams and telephone calls LO 1heir own itan is or a space colony might be somcwha t settle out. The solids could he screened or representa tives. pushing the count or co upset ir 1he windows were suddenly plated finel y g ro und lunar soil or slag from pro sponsors over the 220 mark by Lh e J une 7 over wi1h sodium. cessing operatio ns. The immediately o b· deadline. When members of Mr. Fuqua's Leak preven1io n fa vors 1hick walls, but vious problems such as abrasive wear sta ff fina ll y asked for o ur (L-5) help. we thick walls over la rge areas will be heavy seemed to be controllable. Wear, for exam telephoned contact persons in some of the and therefore: costl y. A wa ll thickness o f ple. can be reduced to a tolerable pro blem larger L-5 g ro ups in a reas with congress one millimeter of alu minum o n a square by contro lling the shape o r the panicles. men who had no t yet agreed to co-sponsor kilometer or radia tor area would weigh 2.7 avoiding sha rp bends in the manifolds. the legislation. Space Wa tch and the millio n kilograms. lmpon ed from Eanh at using hardened o r replaceable parts where Natio na l Action C.ommittee for Space were S200/ kg. 1he walls alone ror 1he rderence necessary. and keeping 1he fl ow rate below also a lerted. Responses to Mr. Fuq ua 's desig n would cos1 S540 millio n. Several a rew tens of meters per second. "dear colleague" a ppea ls had slo wed to a 1imes this weight (and cost) would be Like most or the industria l processes con ra te of one o r two per day; during 1he next required to rill 1hc radia1or with a hea t sidered for use in space. there are mo re or 48 hours 32 congressmen responded. T o all transfer fluid. or course. 1he norma l less rela ted Earth-based t• xperiences to L-5 Socic1y mem bers who contacted 1heir response when 1hings gc1 rid iculously draw upon: the two 1hat come 10 mind arc own representa tives: thank you and con expensive is 10 consider cx1 ra1crrestria l fluidized beds and pncuma1ic transpor1. graiul:uions. resources. Fluidized beds are widely used for heat L -; m embers who wish to be add<'d to the A serious problem in cx1ra1errestrial trea1ing, combustion, a nd chemica l reac Legislntive Information Servire mniling list resource utilization is the lack or an tors. Heat fl ow rates determined for heal cn11 request this sen1ice by w riting to the obvious heat 1ransrcr rJuid in well known treating may be useful in desig ning gas 1.-5 hrndquarters. 7 NEWS BRIEFS "REACH FOR THE STARS" TO BE AIRED On or near July 20th, the tenth anniversary of the Apollo Moon lan ding , "Reach for the Stars" will be aired on at least 60 television sta tions in the United States. "Reach for the Stars" compares the settling of the American West with the future promised by space industries , solar power satellites and space colonies . Film footage covers Salyut 6 space station activities and the private OTRAG launch base in Zaire. If you want to guarantee that your local TV station will air "Reach for the Stars," ask them to arrange it with Telecast International , (213)846- 9527. The Soviets hav~essed the U.S. to suspend testing of t he space shuttle as part of the Strategic Arms Limitations Talks. The Soviets fear the shuttle may be used as a satellite killer, scooping up targeted space vehicles and either destroying them or hauling them to Vandenberg Air Force Base for inspection. The shuttle cargo bay is big enough to capture the entire Salyut space station. The European Space Agency and China have begun negotiations on pos sible cooperative s2ace projects. June 6 the Soviets launched an unpiloted Soyuz 34 craft . It will conduct two days of propulsion system tests in order to better determine if the thruster failure which aborted the Soyuz 33 mission to the Salyut 6 space station has been solved. After completion of tests it will dock at Salyut ' s rear port. Speculation has it that the Soviets don ' t want the Salyut crew to return to ground in the Soyuz 32 craft, which has been docked with the Salyut for over 100 days. The Soviets have never tried using a Soyuz after more than 100 days in orbit and, especially after the Soyuz 33 near- tragedy, may p refer to keep the recently-tested Soyuz 34 available at the Salyut in case nf an emergency evacuation . NASA's recently completed Lunar Resources Study concluded that the use of lunar materials for power satellite construction probably will become cost effective if more than three 5GW plants are built. Taking uncertainty factors into account , they calculated a 92% probability that lunar resources would become cost effective for a program of 30 power satellites. The lunar resources scenario studied would require a 36 person space base in low Earth orbit, 1 , 365 people in a space manufacturing complex, probably in a higher orbit, and 48 working on the Moon . Carter's Office of Management and Budget has released plans for the next four years of NASA activities. The FY ' 80 request is $4 . 7 billion , to be followed by $4 . 6 billion in ' 81 , $4.3 billion in ' 82, $4.0 billion in ' 83, and $3.7 billion in ' 84. The message is clear: four more years of Carter means a 22% cut (not counti ng inflation) in the NASA budget. The National Academy bf Sciences Environmental Board has begun a study of the solar power satellite concept. The use of extraterrestrial materials will be evaluated. The study is being funded by the " High Frontier Feasibility Study" appropriation in last year's National Science Foundation bill. 8 L-5 News. July 1979 What time is it? The 1979 Goddard Memorial Symposium discussed ISi, Earthport, SPS and more. by Amy S. Bouska The " offi cia l" answrr rrom the 1979 Goddard Memorial Symposium in Wash· ington. · D.C. last March was: time to organ ize and cooperate. However. with the firs t flig ht or the Shu11le in the near h nurc(we hope). it isalso timewget going again. T he rirst response was hardly a surprise from a conference which was organi1.ed around the theme "Space: New Opponuni· tics for Internatio nal Ventures" and which included as speakers j\lr. Roy Gibson. the Oir<'ctor·General o f thl· European Spac<' Agn wy (ESA). and i\11. Pc•ter Janko witsch, the Chairman of the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. Dr. Rohen Frosch. giving the first key· no te address. set the tone for the sym po· sium when he no ted that those space op por· tunities could be either com petiti ve or cooperative and, in their proper places. bo1h wo uld be desirable. Cooperation in space can be relativel y easy. for instance in the purely scientific areas or in projects o f clear and widespread 1.x:nd it. On the o ther hand. it can be beset \\'ith dirfirnhi1:s. As j\lr. j ankowitsch r1:markecl. it is a form o f international Artwork by James Babcock cooperation that has 1:voh·cd remarkably rapidly (as o pposl·d 10 agreements o n 11 s1· fi e ld. Prcsidt·nt o r the A111ni ca11 Wha1 about space processing? \>Vlw re is of the sea. for example-). Astronautical Socic1 y. asked tlw pant'lists the industrial demand? As Mr. E.F. Bra· Serio us questiom which must be sell kd to spcculatl' o n the next step in the use· of na hl. Vi ce President and G1·1wrnl Manager incl ude thl' allocatio n or geostationary space. The panel ists were a lmost unani of McDonnell-Doug las Astronautics. ex mous in their certain ty that the de"elopment plained. the priva te sector must k11ow that o f a world-wide remote sensi ng network. a product will have high value and a stable with a common da ta base a nd exwnsive market and that develo pment will be possi· The problem of luring pri real-time capability. is both necessary and ble and a ffordable. To these ends. the vate money into orbit appears inevitable. government should support proof-of-con to be self-solving as space re Competition in 1hc high vacuum is as cept work. McDonncll·Douglas has iclenti· search continues. o ld as the almost forgo11 en(?) U -USS R fi ed pharmaceuticals. incl uding the isola Space Race. but real econo mic and techno· tion of beta cells (a possible sing le-injec logical com petition is only no w begi nning tion cure for diabetes). as the most to emerge from the earlier government pro mising initia l fi eld for space process orbit stations a nd frequencies. the use of mo no polies. Of course COMSAT and ing. The pro blem o f luring priva te mo ney nuclear power sources in satellites, and INTELSATarc the prototypical profit ve n· into orbit appears to be seH·solving as space armscomrol. Solutions 10 these prob· wres in space. a nd telecommunication is space research continues. lems will demand continuing interacti on firmly esta blished as a business. with 1977 The grea t majority of the discussion at between lawyers, legislators and scientists. revenues o f approximately o ne billio n do l· the conference was either historical o r des· combined with broad public suppo rt. lars. According to Mr. j ohn Disher. the criptive. dealing with more or less non T he field of remo te sensing was the Director of Advanced Programs in the specula tive topics. Against this back· object of considera ble discussion. espe· NASA Office of Space T ranspon atio n Sys· ground, three to pics of special interest to cia lly in answer to the last question o f the tems, this is the field where solid, 11 0 11 · L-5ers stood out: International Sa1dli1.e three-day meeting. when Dr. Charles Shef- speculative growth is almost g uaranteed. Industries. Inc. (ISi ), Earthporl. and solar 9 po\\'l'r sa1ellitc (S PS) work. i\lr. Christian SPS develo pment; bigger, more complex colonization penetrated as fa r as three Basin wa~ at the symposium wi1h copies sa1clli1cs will require more power from slides in the " Spare Art Show " bu1 the of 1lw !SI preliminary prospt·r111 s. In spitt· bigger solar panels and ho 1h wo rk in lo\'' silence on the idea o therwise was deafen of Or. Frosch's rathn n m l answer 10 a Ea rth o rbi1 a nd crowding in the ing. One pro-SPS par1icipan1. when asked qul'Slion a bo111 ISi. copit·s of 1he prospec geostationary orhi1 will soon require th<: privately if this represented some institu tus wt•rc being pickt cl up from llw ISi cons1ruc1ion of largc space pla tforms. In tionalized resistance to the idea replied tabk. The Eanhpon project. reprt·sentcd fan, abou1 forty million do llars of NASA's "No, not at all." As he preceived the situa by Or. Larry Smarr. st•e 111t·tl to he received budget could be rek vant to f11111re SPS tion, the silence is mosll y based on t'conom wi1h so111t'\\'l1<11 mon· \\'arm1h and intt' n·s1. \\'Ork. ics. with the enonnous up-front cos is work and i1 s emphasis on 1hc devd o pnw1ll o f a O verseas. ESA has created a special SPS ing badly against both large-scale space Rl'mo te St'nsi ng- I ns1it u tc was very much task force a nd \•Vcs1 Germa ny, Fra nct'. processing and coloniza tion. According to in lint· wi1h 1hc widespn:ad imponann· Japan. and the USS R are a ll studying the the studies which he quoted. space process a 11 adwd to th is topic topic. Especially interes1ingand encourag ing of lunar ma teria ls wo uld become profi1- Wha 1ever time it is now.1hesymposium ing was an unscheduled 1.alk by Mr. Ray a ble somewhere between the fif1h a nd the consensus was clearl y 1hat it is a long time mond Munday of 1hc Bri1ish Aerospace tenth SPS. toSPS-1ime. According to one ASA n ·pre Corpora1ion on " Euro pe's Develo ping So the scenario is: first, the S h1111l e: then scntati ve. ii is " way 0111 1hcre . . . well I111 crcs1s in 1he SPS." .. Aerospace & the sma ll -sca le space processing; then one beyond the state-of-ll1e an ." There arc tech Energy,·· wi th 1he SPS as a centra l item. SPS; then morc SPS construction; then, nical problems. legal probkms. financing was 1he 1heme of a recent display in 1hc someday. maybe. coloniza1ion. Docs this problems. mili1ary prohlems (possible sus halls o f Parliamen1 , and 1hc members prospect sound g loom y? From the depths cep1ibili1y 10 sabo tage), and environmen reac1ed quite fa vora bl y afl cr 1hc shock of the pre-Shuule blahs, I would say that, ta l p robll'ms. Surprising ly, however. 1he wo re off. By Mr. Munday's rcpor1. Prince on the contrary, it looks slow but hopeful. siwa1io n "be1ween 1he lines" was ve ry Cha rles is w ry intnes 1 ~·d in 1he SPS It is definitely time LO look up to space upbea1. wi1h spea kers frequenlly going t0 concept! again. pains 10 point out 1ha1 11111ch work o n And where in a ll o f 1his is L-5? Abou1 o ther projects could be- dirt:cll y applied 10 wherl' ii a h,·ays has been-far o ut. Span· Announcements: James Oberg has requested that Voyager the L-5 News run the following: WE and ESPO Photographs "References made t0 Jim Oberg 's ra1i o Prints and slides of the dramatic color nale for leaving the Air Force were based on at Seacon and black-and-white views of Jupiter, its my personal spccula1io ns fuelled by prfratt: A Space Senlement Information Room moons and ring, sent back by the Voyager convcrsa1ions. and cannot be construed to is being organized for Seacon, the World space probe, are now available from the definitively describe Olx·rg's true mo tiva Science Fiction Convention to be held in Brighton, England this year (August Astronomical Society o f the Pacific tions. Readers should disregard m y remarks (A.S.P.). A world-wide nonprofit educa and ask Oberg direcd y if 1hey wish 10 kno \\" 23-27). The project will be a joint effort of the L-5 West European Branch and the tio nal o rganization , the A.S.P. works to about this subjcc1. increase public understanding of astr C.M. Henson" Euro pean Space Promotion Organization (ESPO) (formerly the European Space onomy through its publications, resource Association - ESA). materials and activities. Copies of the L-5 News and the new Two sets of ten slides a nd two sets of ESPO paper, TNT- Tomorrow's News five prims are available. For an informa NASA Info tion sheet and price list, please send a Today, will be distributed in addition In the May issue of the L-5 News, there to a whole plethora o f pamphlets now stamped, self-addressed envelope to : was an invitation LO readers to be put on being wri11en by WE and ESPO members, Voyager Dept. A.S.P. NASA's mailing list for free NASA news covering almost every aspect of space 1290 24th Ave. releases. Apparently this has posed a pro settlements. Other plans for the exhibit San Francisco, CA 9'1122 blem; we have received a leuer from are brewing, including a possible com William Pomeroy of NASA Public Infor puter-simulated Moon landing and Earth mation Services informing us that NASA Ferry Rocket docking. is not in a position to accommodate such The exhibitors plan to include a map Models Sought requests except to "professional represen indicating the locations of all L-5 chapters. Daring L-5 photographer Chuck Divine tatives of news media and established free Chapters are reques ted to send a one-page is planning a pho tographic interpretation lance writers." write-up of their chapter and its activities o f the humanization o f space. He is look As an alternative, Pomeroy suggests a to post aro und this map. Chapter write subscription to the monthly NASA Acti ing for models, both professional and non ups can be sent to, and all L-5ers coming professional, to pose in these photographs. vities ($11.55 domestic per year, $14.45 to Brighton are encouraged to write to: If you are interested in helping, please foreign). Interested persons should mail Andy Nimmo contact Chuck at 214 Park Lane, Trenton. their subscriptions to: Ing leneuk New j ersey 08609 (phone: 609-587-0921). Superintendem of Documents Waterside Road, Kirkintilloch Profits fro m the sale of these photographs U.S. Government Printing Office Glasgow , G66 3HB, Scotland will be donated 10 prospace efforts (L-5 Washington, D.C. 20402 Society, Space Studies Institute, etc.). 10 L-5 News. July 1979 Also on July 20, a commemorative book science fi c1ion writer, a nd Ro bert Strategies For entiLled Apollo: Ten Years Since Tran Bussard, intersteller ramjet inven ter. T he quillity Base will be issued by the conference will be held a L the San Feeding Humanity Smithsonian Institution Press. Edited by Francisco Airport Hilion. L-5 members' Richard P. Hallion and To m D. Crouch, cost will be $30 including the banquet; \>\lorld Game was conceived by archi cura tor-histo rians of 1he National Air and the student ra te is $20 including the ban tect/philosopher R. Buckminster Fuller as Space Museum, the book is a series of quet. Write to: an alterna tive a pproach to g loba l p ro blem essays ranging Crom the Apo llo concept SF Bay Area Section of AAS solving. Strategies will be ro rmulated dur and its technological evolution to its im P.O. Box 7205 ing a one mo nth pla nning sessio n in pac1 on science, technology and society. Menlo Park, CA 94025 Philadelphia, June I I-July I J. These Co ntributors include Rocco Petro ne, (4 08) 737- 1394 strategies will be presented at the sympo Roger Bilstein, Jo hn Logsdon, Farouk El sium a t New York University on July Baz and J ames Dean. Also contained are 14- 2 1. At this symposium, leading food a comprehensive photo essay and a guide experts, represcma tives o f national and to bibliographical sources. interna tiona l hunger a nd agricultural A special exhibit located i.n the Mile development organizatio ns, and innova- stones of Flight gallery will open in early 1i ve thinkers including Buckminster July. T he commemorative exhibiL will Fuller, John Todd and Rene Dubas will include a videotape of Lhe first wa lk on make prescma tions. Also p resent will be Lhe Moon, photographs and item s from the Secretary of Agriculture Ro bert Bergla nd. mission. T he cost of the lab, incl ud ing room and Visitors to the Museum from July 16-24 board, is $361.00. T he cost of the sympo (lhe nine days during which Apollo 11 sium is $ 155.00. made its voyage in 1969) will be able to For fu rther information and a pplica view day-by-day actual coverage of the tions, con tac1 Steve Mosenson, World mission as it was televised 10 years ago on Game 1979. 21 Washngto n Place, N.Y., special closed-circuit television sets. N.Y. 10003. Phone 212-598-2036. In addition LO the Apollo 11 command module, "Columbia," which returned the lhree astronauLs from the Moon, the Space Movie National Air and Space Museum contains "Giant Leap" A quality 25 minute movi e on space lhe world's o nl y " to uchable" Moon rock, industrialization is ava ilable from J ohn a lunar landing module iden tical to the for Space Day Guthrie at Laseradio. The £ilm contains one used by the Apollo 11 team, and the interviews with Caro lyn Henson, Timothy Skylab O rbital Workshop which visitors To commemor.1te the ten1J1 anniversary of Leary. Peter Vaj k. and 01hers. Called ''A may enter. lhe "giant leap for mankind" the Visitor's Void Home." it is being o ffered to comer The Museum's Apo llo LO Lh e Moon Center at NASA/Langley Research Center, cial s1<1 1ions fo r a nomina l fee a nd free to gallery contains the space-suits worn by Hampton. Virginia, will fea ture a special PB a rri Ii ates. L-Sers can obtain a Betamax the Apo llo 11 astronau ts, a lunar roving program of lectures. This program, to last cassene of the Cilm for $90 from: vehicle and various personal a nd fligh1 Lheemirc month of July, will include a show equipment. John Guthrie ing of the Apollo 11 films. For scheduleinfor Box 77821 The Na tiona l Ai r and Space Museum is mation call 804/ 827-2855. L.A., Ca l. 90007 open free to the public seven days a week To accommodate visitors during Lhe (2 13) 666-6874 from IO:OOa.m. to 9:00 p.m. thro ugh Labor month of J uly, NASA/ Lewis Research Day. Admission is free. Cen ter will be open extra ho urs: Monday Lhrough Friday from 9:00 A.M. 10 9:00 P.M .. Lunar Landing Saturday from 10:00 A. M. LO 4:00 P.M. and Remember the Sunday from I :00 P.M. 10 6:00 P.M. Special Anniversary d isplays will include commemorati on of the July 20 marks the temh a nniversary of Future-The Apollo 11 and lunar d iscoveries a nd large the first landing on the Moon. T o help Apollo Story (20'x24') photographs taken by Voyager celebrate the event, the Smithsonian's spacecrafl of Jupiter a nd its saLelli tes. For Nationa l Ai r and Space Museum is spon The San Francisco secLion o f the AAS more informati on call 216/ 433-4000. ext. soring a free public ceremony, a commem and AIAA will sponsor this two day con 415. orative book and special exhibits. ference on July 20 and 21 a long with Ten1h Anniversary acti vities a L NASA A p ublic ceremony, co-sponsored by 1he sponsors, the Bay Area L-5, Space Age ! J ohnson Space Center, beginning at 9:00 Na1iona l Aero nautics and Space Admini Review and FASST. A number of broad A. M. July 20 at the Visitor's Center, will stration (NASA), will be held Friday, July rang ing topics will be covered: intersleller incl udededicalion of lhe new Lunar Sample 20, from 11 :00-11 :45 a.m. o n the Mall side travel, space industrialization, military Fad Ii Ly (Building 31A), the Saturn V Rocke1 of the Museum. Participan ts will include in space, 1he Soviet Space Program, SETI and the Rocke1 Park. Site maps will beavdila the three astronauts from the Apollo 11 (search for extraterrestrial intelligence), ble sho wing buildings open to the public, mission (Neil Armstrong, Edwin ]. planetary exploration, advanced rocketry among which will be L11eSample Processing "Buzz" Aldrin, J r., and Michael Collins), and space settlements. Speakers will in Facili1y (Building 3 IA) and the Space Shut representatives from the Smithsonian clude: Peter Vajk, Ma rk Frazier, B.J. Bluth, tle O rbiter Mockup Laboratory (Building lns1itmion and NASA and o ther digni Robert Edelson, and Chrislia n 0 . Basler. 14). Visitors may sign up for tours as they taries. T he banquet will feature Poul Anderson, arrive at the Building 2 Information Desk. II Inside the L-5 Society Keeping Your gether slide/ lectures on such subjects as holder of a share or General Mo1ors has 10 space colony design history or solar power represent GM. If this abs1raction of hon Chapter Active satelli1es. Offer them to local schools, es1y doesn't appeal, consider the potential clubs, even church groups. Put ou1a news embarrassment. letter. Be it fancy or small, it keeps your by David R. ]ones, Jr. Two recen1 examples of 1he embarrass members informed. ment 1his kind of behavior can cause come Virginia T ech Chapter Have contests. Use space colonies books 10 mind. One was a L-5 local chapter pres L-5 Society as prizes. Have contests 10 name chapters, ident who, by droping lhequalifiers, made 10 design chapter pa1ches, for posters, for it appear LO an important group or people So you've decided 10 rorm an L-5 chap· ~pace poem-,. to 11<1t1H' colonit·s. (Ho ,,· in Washington 1hat he was the L-5 Socie1y 1er. You'll pu1 up a few signs-maybe about an t'llll'rtain111u11 colony?) president. Since a substa111ial number of wri1c your local paper. No swea1. Ge1 10- Pu1 up displays. Libraries love for some these people personally knew the Society's gether and have a good time. Easy? Only one 10 fill lhcir display boards. Se1 up president, a considerable amount of it doesn't work that way. tables at science ficiion con ventions. Sun amusement was expressed a1 his expense. To have a good chapter you must be Day activities, college regisLrauons. public A much more serious example was a active. To keep active you need ''planned" events. L-5 has some nice membership person who los1 a job for " unprofessional events that will keep your members' inter forms and handou1s or make your own. conduct.'' While there were 01her fac1ors ests. These events should be a wide variety Sell bumper s1ickers or L-5 pos1 cards at work, an apparently precipitating event of things -such as discussions, movies, (they're ho1 items). was the unau1horiz.cd implication or rep guest speakers, Lrips, projects, con1es1s And along wilh displays goes publici1y. resenting one of the technical socielies in you name it. Just so long as you take Lime Many local newspapers are more than glad giving a paper. to plan it o ut and keep it interesting. to run no 1ices of your mee1ings-and On the Olher hand, don't hesitate to ask Involve your group in lively discus art· hungq ror ~ !Ori e~. juM don"r get LOO if }Oil ca n repr t·sen1 the L-5 Sodery in soml' sions. The more controversial the better. t.t•chnirnl for llw local Earth-based fo lks. worthy endeavor. For t'xample, Norrif' Announce the subject at Lh e preceeding And keep ua1ional L-5 informed of your Huddle, Magoroh Maruyama, Peter Vajk, meeting so your members can come pre activities. and others represented the Socie1y at the pared. And be prepared yourself. Yo u must Mos1 imponan1, find out wha1 your UN Habita1s conference in 1976. Edward start it off - usually with your own opin chapter members are interested in. Stan Finch, Amanda Moore a nd Frank ion. A lew subjec1s that have worked well working from the re and expand ou1wards. Vt•rnuccio c11rn·11tly rt' pn·~ t· 111 1he Soci<·1y for our chapter arc: There is a universe or events and topics as a 110 11govcrn111 1· 111a l o rgani£a tion a r tht' Who should be allowed to go. a waiting you. UN. Ken McCormick represents 1he How should we live (culture). Society (and even gets paid for it) as our Interior designs for living. Congressional liaison in Washing1on. Military vs civilian comrol. Of course, be sure LO ask in advance. Or you could base your discussions Some while ago. an L-5 member requested around movies. Movies are available for Members Beware! tha1 the Socie1y vouch for him being an free or for return postage from many L-5 member 10 a radio sta1ion. This sound sources. NASA has many on a wide range by Keith Henson ed a lillle strange, so one of the office staff of subjects. Most libraries have movies or called 1he sta1io n and found that the mis access to Lhem -ask 10 see Lheir lists. Also, Events over 1he pas1 few months prompt guided member was desiro us of giving an many large businesses make movies Lhat a reitera1ion of a long·Slanding policy of award on behalf of 1he L-5 Society 10 a migh1 intercs1 your chapter (such as Bell 1he Board of Directors of the L-5 Socie1y. commentator for a UFO program.• The Telephone). \.\'rite and ask. "Representatives of the L-5 Society con sia1io11 personnf'I. wisr to rhis sor1of1hing. Don't limi1 your group to just space sist of the officers and those authorized wa111t·d verificario11 or 1hc nwmber·s a11- movies. Be diversified. Look for related by the Board for specific purposes. Un thori1y to make lhe award. No such au- topics like agriculture, communications, aulhorized representalion is grounds for 1hority exis1ed, and the staff had 10 say so. environment. And not just movies. Look revocation of membership.'" We should all remember that the people for various speakers. L-5 is a young organization largely in power are fairly sharp. They didn'1 ge1 Speakers can be found at local univ made up or young people who in many where they arc by being taken by phoneys ersities, industries, through libraries, o ther cases do not know the conven1io ns of very often. They are nm impressed by clubs (such as astronomy, AlAA chapters, power and personal deportment for deal puffed-up ti1 Jes in organiza1ions with ham radio satellite users, e1c). Look for a ing with 1he world of powerful people. 1yped letterheads. So be wha1 you are, work varie1y of topics: power generation, was1c If we are serious about our long range goal hard with what you have, and earn people's trus1. And when you arc a rung o r disposal, international and space law, the of getting large numbers of people into 1wo up the ladder 10 respec1ability, you too environment. Many subjects relate to space space, we are going to have 10 understand colonies. can write Jillie essays on manners like 1his and use 1he rules of 1he game which have one. If the speaker can'1 come 10 you, go to been worked out over so many years. him. Take trips to museums, observa Among these rules is never misrepresent • uFOs have nothing to do with space tories, NASA facili1ies, e1c. yourself. Being a member of any corpor colonies. Once 1hey become IFOs (identi Plan projcc1s. See what your members a1ely organized socie1y gives a person no fied rl ying objec1s). 1ha1 will bt· a diff<'renr would like 10 do. You could pu1 LO· more right 10 represent 1he society than a ma11t·r. 12 L-5 News. July 1979 Annual Election Herc's your cha nce to impact the leader Jack D. Salmon, Mark Hopkins, Arthur election forma t this year. we considert'd ship of Lhe L-5 ocie1y by electing Lhe L-5 Kantrowitz, Harlan SmiLh, and Philip calling an a nnua l meet ing to accept addi Board of Directors. Chapman have provided assistance to their tional nominatio ns per the bylaws. How The L-5 Board authorizes expenditures, local L-5 groups. ever, since time is short. several o f the peo sets policy and chooses 1he officers o f the Konrad Dannenberg is organizing a L-5 ple who would be a t the annual meeting Society. IL also recognizes L-5 chapters. Society session on space habitats for a con proposed the rollowing: the e111i re L-5 Beyond these duties. Board members are ference plan ned for Atlanta next year. membershi p be nominated from 1he fl oor; hard workers who assist the Society in H. Keilh Henson works with L-5 Presi· this includes all possible nominees. T he many ways. dent Carolyn Henson, Secretary Jack nominating commi11ee has endorsed this For example, L-5 Director Edward R. Salmon and Treasurer William Weigle in idea. Keep in mind when vo1 ing {circlt' Finch, Jr. (w ho is also Chairman of 1he the day to day management of the Society. names) 1ha1 many or these people would American Bar Association Aerospace Law His activities have ranged from seuing up decli ne Board membership, and a rcw Commiuee) is the L-5 Society's representa a revolving credit line 10 chairing the wo uld be u11erly unaccepta ble 10 the regu tive 10 the United Nations. He arranged Nominating Committee. He occasiona ll y lar Board. Use the write-in space ror the necessary lcuers of recommendation writes for the L-5 News; his article. members too recent 10 be listed. and mer in person with U.N. officials to " Bound for Glory" (March ·79 L·5 News). On the ballot proposed by the nominal· arrange Lh e L-5 Society's acceptance as a has se1 the L-5 record ror the most rcprim ing commiuee, vote for each person that U.N. Non-Governmental Organization. requests. you support ror the Board. Those with He supervises Amanda Moore, a graduate L-5 President Carolyn Henson is cur more than 50%of the number of ballots cas1 student working o n her doctorate in inter rently working closely wilh the American national law, and Frank Vernuccio, a AsLronautical Society President Charles will bt· on next year's Board. We sincerely young lawyer, in Lheir work covering U.N. Sheffield on a pair of joint L-5/ AAS con 1hank the out-going Board membt'rs for activities. They make frequem written and ferences on how to get jobs in or rela ted to their eHon s on bchalr of the Society. telephone reports 10 the L-5 President. space. The organizing commiuee for the Much of the L·5 News coverage of U.N. one 10 be held in late June 1980 in San Annual Meeting acti vi ties depends on the i1 WUJ k. Francisco has already been :.et up. We phm The resu lts of 1he election will be Senator Barry Goldwater, Robert A. to hold our 1980 Annual Meeting at that announced a1 the L-5 Annual i\leeting. Heinlein and Philip K. Chapman have conference, so for once we'll have a real This year the meeting will be ht'ld J uly 22. been working on methods t0 increase our crowd o n hand to cheer the a nnouncement 2:00 p.m. a1 the Kinsey Auditorium, 7000 membership. They have wriuen promo of the election results! Staie Dr., Exposition Park. Los Angeles. tional pieces for direct mail and advertis Ms. Henson also is conducting a study CA 90037. For further information. con ing efforts. In addition, Mr. Heinlein on behalf o f the U.S. Department o f ian: Charles Carr. (2 13} 719-0101. Ext. 228. loca1t·c.J a rret· ad ~ pan· and paid for anothn Energy 10 solicit feedback on their solar ou1 of his own pockt l. Ont· of Senator power satellite program from L-5 Society Goldwa1<'1"s staff locatt·d a rr p111able direct members and space policy makers in Third mail firm for 11s. World Nations. Dr. J erry Pournelle, famed Barbara Marx Hubbard is one of the space researcher, science wri largest financial supporters of the L-5 Bylaws and Board Elections ter and best selling novelist, Society. She uses her considerable in· will open the L-5 Annual As some of you are awart', o ur bylaws fluence in Washington circles on behalf Meeting with a speech on call for an annual meeting at which addi of 1he caust· of 1ht• se11lemen1 of space. She how we can get the space pro· tional nominations 10 the Board may be has a lso contribu1ed articles to the L-5 gram back into high gear. News. made by members. (The bylaws arc defi· Dr. Pournelle is a d ynamic, Norrie Huddle is our ''to ken en viro n ciem in that there isn't even provision 10 mentalist," as she likes to joke. She organ decline a noor nominatio n if you are no1 fascinating speaker-don' t ized Lhe L-5 Society's presenta tion a t the present.) These fea1ures of the bylaws are miss 1his opportunity to h ear United Nations Habitat Conference. She not really too appropriate for an organi1a him! curremly is working as a free lance writer tion as geographicallr spread-our as ours. in Washington, D.C. We find her contacts The bylaws were originally adapted from a with the environmentalist and anti -war local organization where most members movements invaluable. She has a lso been could come 10 the annual mec1ing. The followi11g pages i11clude the ap an excellent fund-raiser for L-5. The bylaws a lso call for the elec1io n of a pro11ed candidates ballot and the ballot for Gordon R. Woodcock has obtained large new Board by 1he end of June. Last year's ca11didates nominated from the flour. II amounts of artwork, information and a annual meeting was combined with ballot cofJY of the ballot may be used 1j you c/011 't number of well thought-out technical counting and o nl y rour L-5 members want to cut up your L-5 News, hown1er, articles for the L-5 News. showed up. onl)' those in !ht• official em1e /opP will br Konrad K. Dannenberg, J. Peter Vajk, Because or some disagreements o n the countrd. 13 Ballot You may vote for as many of the candidates for the Board of Directors as you wish. All candidates who receive a majority of the ballots cast will be elected. Approved Candidates ____ Senator Barry Goldwater, Sr. He was one of the rirst people in the U.S. Congress to support both solar power satellites and space colonies. ____ Freeman Dyson He originated the theory o r quantum electrodynamics, which unirics quantum mecha nics a nd Einstein's special rela tivity. He is a professor at Princeton's Institute ror Advanced Studies. He has been a lo ng term advocate of the use of asteroids and comets for the colo nization of space. His book. Disturbing the Universe (Harper and Rowe) to be released this August, carries a detailed account of past human migrations and considers how we can accomplish the next migration when we will spread throughout the universe. ---- Barbara Marx Hubbard She chairs the International Committee for the Future. She was one of the earliest financial supporters of space settlements research, and was responsible for framing I louse Concurrent Resolution 451 which called for the United States Office of T echnology Assessment to study the reasibility and value of space settlements and the use of extraterrestria l material s. She is currently touring as the star of the Theatre of the Future. ---- Robert A. Heinlein He is a science fiction writer; his books such as The Man Who Sold the Moon and The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress foresaw many of the issues which are now a matter of serious international debate. ____ Hon. Ed ward R. Finch Jr. He is Chairman of the American Bar Association Aerospace Law Committee. ____ Arthur Kantrowitz He is one of the wo rld's foremost experts on lasers. _ _ __ Philip K. Chapman A scientist/astronaut, he was responsible for crew training and coordination for the Apollo 14 mission in 1970. He is an advisor to the Earthport project and currently works for Arthur D. Li1tlc, Inc. o n solar power satellites. ---- K. Eric Drexler He was an organizer of the Princeton Conference on Space Colonies in 1974. and Prof. G. K. O'Neill's research assista nt from 1974-77. He is currently a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he is developing the high performance solar sail as the key to inexpensive mining of the asteroids. He founded the MIT Space Habitation Study Group in Ja nuary 1975. (h may be the oldest pro-space habitats citizen's group in existence.) In August 1975 he came to Tucson for several weeks and assisted Keith a nd Carolyn Henson and William Weigle in forming the L-5 Society. ____ Jerry Pournelle He is the former Chief of Human Factors at Boeing. He has worked on the Mercury, Gemini. and Apollo projects. Dr. Pournelle was Willey Ley's successor as science editor for Galaxy magazine and curremly covers science develop ments for Destinies. He edited T he Endless Frontier, an amhology of factual articles and fictional speculation on space settlements. It wi ll be released this September by Grosset and Dunlap (hardback) and Ace Books (paperback). ____ Gordon R. Woodcock He is Boeing's solar power satellite study manager. ___ _ Norrie Huddle She is an environmentalist and author of Island of Dreams, a chronicle of the environmental crisis in Japan. ---- Harlan Smith He is head of the Astronomy Department at the University of T exas in Austin and Director of McDo nald Observatory. ---- Konrad K. Dannenberg He is a veteran of Peencmunde, former project director of the J upiter missile system and deputy manager of the Saturn Program. ____ J . Peter Vajk He is a space industrialization researcher for Science Applicatio ns, Inc. ____ Mark Hopkins He is a researcher with Rand Corporation. - --- Carolyn Meinel Henson She is President of the L-5 Society and one of its fou nders. Her papers on space activities have been published in Science and Space Manufacturing Facilities I. ____ H. Keith Henson He is a founder or the L-5 Society and its first President. His technical papers have appeared in every volume of the American Institute or Astronautics and Aeronautics series Space Manufacturing. ----William Weigle He is a founder of the L-5 ociety and the currem T reasurer. 14 L-5 News. July 1979 Nominated From the Floor lO• AlD .. ~0( ' J .w. Lf • I\ lt 03flt l 'I')\\ ~•u cr GUY ,.., ,, Htf\f IH0 'fLt l'I\. E'lfLf ,oi I. AT('•Y •Al((~ (&l.,f!'f ~ltl"A ! I. C . \1'41h ~ \ • \l' llE•f •u'5ol C< .tf &f>l ( IU Hll.L Gut ALO 1<•A\1Lf I J I S ltll'lflt T E o! f l\.S J (lt~ 'I T. \( & ~C Y '· HE•to(-4 C .. f\ J fJl'I O•'f l O J. -.cct '"&. l'I Oli • .,tA ('< ACOC\.l l( f JiJUCL &'5o Ot "1 1-0fl l • • &:>( I A f. f>101" A\ PU1Hl 0• 1 ~r.us 1HJttU' ...... VUUG.. FSf J D.,.~ •IL- OE HfHo&t. fl! O>i1E t1 a. LEG£1t . J tc. . t-:tfO-lflC " "ILL l•l1 .,... 10 'SC"tUf L(ft I. \Out .. • rLL \rl'••:U 1o1 n 1r rti: • ILllA"I ' · o • ·~O Y lf !'\I II[ 110\ I HC ,.-.,[\ \f£ V (~\ ll~E H :) A C ' &lB \PJ H l"UI l>HILI P H '5oHA ff• F' • .-'1CG'" J OH" Vo 'l a ~\0 1'1 tO• a •) OQ. Ao J. " "''SLE 'I rt08ftT 11. &l.LE "I ,..~•+( £ l'llCttAfL f HHOO!•OOL Jl"ES J • ...,,,.,,,,, <. £ •IC 01u u £ • ' " ...... l\A&C a ~ l,. O i 0 AVl0 SC ... H (ll JUI. I E A ' fH •~ 0 4'1fT fAOltO .t &C<. D. \ •ll'QM JU S. ttVf ~ ,. f~ l• '"rtt :o. r. Hf"\E't CUl 41 15 0 '"•ll:fllll E'uel"'l \ o or•t 'tAJO• CIS " J•"!C\ ...... rit• .. &utt... r• r, \).,. • CJ\T• "! l("a.h •U O•O•"' •L•"' COJ!E l USS(l..L '"• ~OU "'l(HA[l \ CAltL&,O H('fA-0 •. ' • H O JA.,C\ L J (1t0f :J• Lr f ~ •8 • 11( S(O lT C 11E NDt I~ \'lit( 1'.a(•HU t I "'I l 16 L-5 News, July 1979 :.l. 1!11,.0Q"! OUUI 0 All .u(l•OO \a0 .. AL0 \(HAflf(lt( tl .. llt U"' .; H LL ( •aY•ll,.l ff •l('t •I LLI ' " F "''""' , ... , C••'l"'fl' 111 IL\.U" r a tl'A."10 • OC(.f • f N 1tf~ •l"'tr!lif F•,Ot lC Write-in Votes Comments 18 L-5 News, July 1979