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The Yugoslav Peoples's Army: Between Civil War and Disintegration
WARNING! The views expressed in FMSO publications and reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. The Yugoslav Peoples's Army: Between Civil War and Disintegration by Dr. Timothy L. Sanz Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, KS. This article appeared originally in Military Review December 1991 Pages 36-45 August, a crisis in the Balkans, and a revolutionary upheaval in part of Europe--these words raise the hair on the back of the neck. Just a bit less than eighty years ago, Europe inaugurated this century of total war, thanks to the inability of its monarchs, statesmen, and generals to deal with a Balkan Crisis, the latest manifestation of what diplomats then called the "accursed Eastern Question." In the wake of that failure of statecraft, million-man armies marched into battle from one end of the continent to the other. Looking back on the long interval of peace which Europe has enjoyed since the end of the Second World War, the present crisis confirms the reality of a profound shift in the European security system and raises the question of whether the emerging security system in Europe will be able to deal with new Balkan crises. For several decades, while the military might of two ideologically-hostile blocs stood poised for action in Central Europe, a hypothetical internal crisis in Yugoslavia was often seen as an element in a scenario for bringing about a NATO-WTO military confrontation. -
CEAS New Report What a Difference a Year Makes
WHAT A DIFFERENCE A YEAR MAKES Comparative reading and analysis of the April 2018 and August 2019 draft versions of the National Security and Defense Strategies Belgrade | September 2019 This study has been published with the partial support of the National Endowment for Democracy (NED). Views and opinions expressed in this publication do not represent views and opinions of NED. CONTENTS Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 Short political background and the context analysis in which new strategic documents of the Republic of Serbia are adopted by the government – breakdown of key political events ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Serbia and the EU Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) .............................................. 15 Comparative reading and analysis of the April 2018 and August 2019 versions of the draft National Security Strategy ................................................................................................................ 17 Comparative reading and analysis of the April 2018 and August 2019 versions of the draft National Defense Strategy ................................................................................................................. 21 Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................................................................ -
The “International Community” and Territories with Altered Sovereignty*
THE “INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY” AND TERRITORIES WITH ALTERED SOVEREIGNTY* Višeslav Simić El Tecnológico de Monterrey, México DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1506118S From Kosovo to Syria s the so-called Kosovo "war"1 is being used by the United States of America as a A blueprint2 for how the euphemistically3 called "international community"4 should militarily resolve the crisis in Syria without a mandate from the U.N. (in spite of the U.S. persistently insisting that it was a sui generis case), it is becoming increasingly more important not only to finally independently study the "mob or sole assailant"5 aspect of the contemporary U.S. international approach but, even more, to dedicate particular at- tention to the post- and extra-combat involvement (or the lack of it) of the "international community" in the management6 of the territories and the people "liberated"7 by it. * 2do Seminario Internacional "Análisis e incidencia de las políticas públicas" – EGAP – Tecnológico de Mon- terrey – 25 y 26 de Septiembre 2013 – México 1 Strictly legally speaking, no war was declared by the aggressors (the U.S. called it "hostilities" and "military opera- tions in Kosovo"). The government of the attacked sovereign founding member of the U.N. didn't denounce the ag- gression as war (only after the November 2012 Strasbourg Court ruling that "war veterans" must be paid for the time served in the "war of 1999" did Serbia implicitly recognize NATO aggression as a war). The U.N. itself kept silent about the grossest violation of its Charter since its founding (the silence forced upon the U.N. -
The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: a Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J
STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 15 The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J. Lamb, with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the unified com- batant commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: President Bill Clinton addressing Croat-Muslim Federation Peace Agreement signing ceremony in the Old Executive Office Building, March 18, 1994 (William J. Clinton Presidential Library) The Bosnian Train and Equip Program The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power By Christopher J. Lamb with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 15 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. March 2014 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. -
Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W
Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies Central European Studies Charles W. Ingrao, senior editor Gary B. Cohen, editor Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies A Scholars’ Initiative Edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert United States Institute of Peace Press Washington, D.C. D Purdue University Press West Lafayette, Indiana Copyright 2009 by Purdue University. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Second revision, May 2010. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: A Scholars’ Initiative / edited by Charles Ingrao and Thomas A. Emmert. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-55753-533-7 1. Yugoslavia--History--1992-2003. 2. Former Yugoslav republics--History. 3. Yugoslavia--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 4. Former Yugoslav republics--Ethnic relations--History--20th century. 5. Ethnic conflict-- Yugoslavia--History--20th century. 6. Ethnic conflict--Former Yugoslav republics--History--20th century. 7. Yugoslav War, 1991-1995. 8. Kosovo War, 1998-1999. 9. Kosovo (Republic)--History--1980-2008. I. Ingrao, Charles W. II. Emmert, Thomas Allan, 1945- DR1316.C66 2009 949.703--dc22 2008050130 Contents Introduction Charles Ingrao 1 1. The Dissolution of Yugoslavia Andrew Wachtel and Christopher Bennett 12 2. Kosovo under Autonomy, 1974–1990 Momčilo Pavlović 48 3. Independence and the Fate of Minorities, 1991–1992 Gale Stokes 82 4. Ethnic Cleansing and War Crimes, 1991–1995 Marie-Janine Calic 114 5. The International Community and the FRY/Belligerents, 1989–1997 Matjaž Klemenčič 152 6. Safe Areas Charles Ingrao 200 7. The War in Croatia, 1991–1995 Mile Bjelajac and Ozren Žunec 230 8. Kosovo under the Milošević Regime Dusan Janjić, with Anna Lalaj and Besnik Pula 272 9. -
TESIS: Conflicto Étnico En Los Balcanes: La Independencia De Kosovo Y Su Impacto Internacional
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y SOCIALES Conflicto étnico en los Balcanes: La independencia de Kosovo y su impacto internacional. TESIS QUE PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE LICENCIADO EN RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES PRESENTA Jiménez Hernández Stephanie Noemy Director: Dr. Carlos Ballesteros Pérez Ciudad Universitaria, 2014 Print to PDF without this message by purchasing novaPDF (http://www.novapdf.com/) UNAM – Dirección General de Bibliotecas Tesis Digitales Restricciones de uso DERECHOS RESERVADOS © PROHIBIDA SU REPRODUCCIÓN TOTAL O PARCIAL Todo el material contenido en esta tesis esta protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (México). El uso de imágenes, fragmentos de videos, y demás material que sea objeto de protección de los derechos de autor, será exclusivamente para fines educativos e informativos y deberá citar la fuente donde la obtuvo mencionando el autor o autores. Cualquier uso distinto como el lucro, reproducción, edición o modificación, será perseguido y sancionado por el respectivo titular de los Derechos de Autor. Agradezco al proyecto PAPIIT “Cohesión social en la globalización y la búsqueda de un nuevo contrato social: retos para México” (IN301611) por el apoyo brindado en la realización de este trabajo. Print to PDF without this message by purchasing novaPDF (http://www.novapdf.com/) Agradecimientos El presente trabajo representa el resultado de varios años de trabajo en la universidad y en el que están plasmados muchos momentos de mi vida, por ello, quiero agradecer no sólo a quienes me apoyaron para la realización de esta tesis, sino a todos aquellos que estuvieron conmigo a lo largo de mi etapa como universitaria En primer lugar quiero agradecer a mis papás Héctor y Cecilia, quienes me han apoyado a lo largo de toda mi vida para que pueda alcanzar mis sueños y han compartido mis deseos, mis tropiezos, mis frustraciones y mis logros; a mi hermano Adrián, por ser parte de la maravillosa familia que tengo y ayudarme en una primera revisión de este trabajo. -
25. Novembar 1918. Godine Velika Narodna Skupština U Novom Sadu
DVOMISEČNIK ZA NAUKU, KULTURU I STVARALAŠTVO GODINA XIII • BROJ 133-134 • SUBOTICA • septembar-oktobar 2018. ISSN 2217-5474 ISSN 25. NOVEMBAR 1918. GODINE VELIKA NARODNA SKUPŠTINA U NOVOM SADU Ivan Antunović Pokrie li tko tuðim jezikom svoju narodnost, onda sin zataja svog otca i osrami svoju mater. (citat 16. str. 93.) DVOMISEČNIK ZA NAUKU, KULTURU I STVARALAŠTVO GODINA XIII • BROJ 133-134 • SUBOTICA • septembar-oktobar 2018. ISSN 2217-5474 Poštovana čeljadi, poštovaoci bunjevačke lipe riči, završi- 25. NOVEMBAR 1918. GODINE li smo još jedan broj naši novina. U njima se bavimo našim VELIKA NARODNA SKUPŠTINA U NOVOM SADU nacionalnim praznikom, praznikom prisjedinjenja Vojvodine Kraljevini Jugoslaviji. Stogodišnjicu ovog događaja obilužili smo navođenje dokumenata koji govore o tome šta se sve desilo te 1918. godine. Subdinu jednog naroda nemoguće je predvideti, pa tako ni potpisivači značajni dokumenata nisu ni pomišljali da će se, za samo nekoliko decenija, jednim aktom izbrisat postojanje jed- nog naroda, postojanje njevi potomaka. Ono u šta su virovali bila je namera da se potomcima utre put u sigirnu budućnost. Oni su nas time zadužili i zato se mi danas moramo svim si- lama borit za naš identitet, za naše postojanje. U to ime ne za- Ivan Antunović Pokrie li tko tuðim jezikom svoju narodnost, onda sin zataja svog boravite svoj jezik i svoje poriklo, jer čovik brez pridaka je drvo otca i osrami svoju mater. (citat 16. str. 93.) brez korena. RIČ BUNJEVAČKE MATICE dvomisečnik za nauku, kulturu i stvaralaštvo Godina: XIII Broj: 133-134 U OVOM BROJU: Septembar-oktobar 2018. - Tiraž: 400 Izdavač: Bunjevačka matica Misija Blaška Rajića u Parizu . -
EU Strategic Communications with a View to Counteracting Propaganda
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS EU strategic communications With a view to counteracting propaganda ABSTRACT Emanating from Russia in the east and the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in the south, the EU has been increasingly hit by destabilising messages amounting – in different forms and to different degrees – to coherent hostile ‘strategic communications’ campaigns, or the processes of infusing communications activities with an agenda or plan to impact the behaviour of a target audience. Both Russia and ISIL have engaged in aggressive messaging and deceptive media campaigns, albeit with distinct narratives, targets and audiences. This paper analyses the ‘what’ and the ‘how’: the respective narratives of each actor, their specificities, their similarities and their differences. The analysis also draws attention to strategic communications efforts undertaken by the EU, which are vectored into defensive (react and respond) and offensive (probe and push) dimensions. This understanding of the present context finally allows for an evaluation of what actions can be taken to enhance the effectiveness of the EU’s own strategic communications. EP/EXPO/B/FWC/AFET/2015-01/02 EN May 2016 - PE 578.008 © European Union, 2016 Policy Department, Directorate-General for External Policies This paper was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs. English-language manuscript was completed on 19 May 2016. Printed in Belgium. Author: European Union Institute for Security Studies (EUISS), France. Official Responsible: Jérôme LEGRAND. Editorial Assistant: Ifigeneia ZAMPA. Feedback of all kind is welcome. Please write to: [email protected]. -
HB-No53-Serbia and Croatia
HELSINKIBulletin Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia Rige od Fere str. # 20 , 11000 Belgrade, Serbia tel./fax +381 11 30 32 408; e-mail: [email protected] ; www.helsinki.org.rs No 53 ● January 2010 Serbia and Croatia: Past Still in the Way Almost two decades after the end of Above all, the two countries share the war and fourteen years after the responsibility for Bosnia-Herzegovina. establishment of diplomatic relations, Unlike official Zagreb that clearly Serbia and Croatia still move from one distances itself from any paternalism crisis to another – each reviving over Bosnian Croats, official Belgrade traditional and carefully cherished openly supports Republika Srpska as an mutual animosities. Belgrade is autonomous and statelike entity. Serb responsible for such oscillations in the strategists maintain status quo as they first place: not only when it comes to expect territorial aspirations – on the Croatia but also for the entire region. account of which the war in 1990s was Official Belgrade recognizes regional wagged in the first place – to come true realities with leaden step unwilling to sometime in future. acknowledge “new” borders. Serbia specifically reproaches Croatia for recognizing Kosovo and establishing diplomatic relations with Prishtina at ambassadorial level. According to some analysts, recognition of Kosovo’s independence placed Belgrade-Zagreb relations at the lowest point ever since 1996 when the two established diplomatic relations. Belgrade’s officials and the media were The predominant political and most angered at the fact that Croatia was intellectual elites in Serbia are not the only ex-Yugoslav republic (and the ready yet to distance themselves from only neighboring country besides the legacy of Milosevic’s era and Bulgaria) to advocate Kosovo’s right to Milosevic’s warring policies. -
Studies of Large Groups and Social Unconscious
Role Analysis Workshop Belgrade, October 5th-6th 2013 Conveners Hanni Biran and Marina Mojović Organized by: Group Analytic Society-Belgrade Psycho-Social Section Consulting-Art Belgrade and Psycho-Social-Art Belgrade About the Role Analysis Workshop With birth we all arrive into some pre-existing social system with its culture, rules, as well as with images and expectations about our roles of daughters or sons, following then throughout our lives when arriving into our kindergarten, schools, and other organizations. The narratives about how our roles are being given and taken, explicitly and implicitly, formally and informally, the nature of our roles being shaped by endless interplays of forces between us as person, our groups and contexts, determine much of our self- and identity formation, the ways how we live and work, including the ways of our current role-taking. Role Analysis is one of the most significant areas in psychoanalytically oriented approach to understanding and working with organizations, institutions and society - becoming one of the most powerful tools in the ‘system psychodynamic’ or ‘socio-analytic’ consultancy work. Ever since Eric Miller, Ken Rice and Gordon Lawrence had drawn attention to issues of ‘management of self in role’ and ‘role analysis’ (Rice, 1969; Lawrence, 1979), Irving Borwick (1997) setting the basic framework of the ‘Organization Role Analysis’ (ORA) by conceptualizing the relation between systems, roles and individuals, emphasizing the role as the area, where persons and systems meet, as the place of their interface, opening so a new range of possibilities, it was then further to be developed by other distinguished authors in the field (Newton, Sievers, Long, Reed, Basalgette, Biran, Gould, Krantz). -
Southeastern Europe at a Glance
ISSN: 2654-0304 1 ΜΑΥ 06 - 12, 2019 – VOL. 2 - ISSUE 29 SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE AT A GLANCE SOUTHEAST EUROPE DIRECTORATE PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE TO THOSE WHO SHAPE THE FUTURE “SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE AT A GLANCE” (ISSN: 2654-0304) is a weekly review of the most significant current political, economic, energy, defense, and security news of Southeastern Europe. It covers 14 countries; Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Turkey. However Greece enjoys its own weekly review for a more detailed presentation of its current affairs (GREECE AT A GLANCE). This ambitious newsletter aspires to become an informative “tool” for anyone who is interested in the region and wishes to have knowledge of the non-stop current developments and challenges. “HERMES” Institute is not a news agency and it is not one of its ambitions to become one but it is strongly believed that today’s events provide the necessary material to understand the future and to analyze situations that may affect in peace, stability, and growth of the region. “HERMES” I.I.A.S.GE “HERMES” Institute of International Affairs, Security & Geoeconomy (“HERMES” I.I.A.S.GE) is an independent, non – governmental, non – profit organization, consisting of scholars dedicated in the research and analysis of international affairs in regional and global level. The Institute aims at providing objective, scientific, and reliable research analysis through a variety of studies contributing effectively and constructively in the public dialogue and the evolution of scientific knowledge. Copyright © 2019 “HERMES” Institute for Foreign Affairs, Security & Geoeconomy All rights reserved ISSN: 2654-0304 1 compromises. -
January Standard 2014
Socialist Standard January 2014 1 Contact Details socialist UK BRANCHES & CONTACTS Frankfi eld, Cork. Tel: 021 4896427. Email: [email protected] LONDON Newtownabbey : Nigel McCullough. North London branch . Meets 2nd Tuesday Tel: 028 90852062. standard 7.30pm. The Coronet, 338-346 Holloway SCOTLAND Road, London N7 6NJ. Chris Dufton: Email: Edinburgh branch . Meets1st Thur. 7.00- [email protected]. Tel: 020 7609 9.00pm. The Quaker Hall, Victoria Terrace JANUARY 2014 0983 (above Victoria Street), Edinburgh. South London branch . Meets 1st Tues. J. Moir. Tel: 0131 440 0995. 7.00pm. Head Offi ce. 52 Clapham High St, [email protected] Branch SW4 7UN. Tel: 020 7622 3811 website: contents West London branch . Meets 1st & 3rd http://geocities.com/edinburghbranch/ Tues. 8pm. Chiswick Town Hall, Heathfi eld Glasgow branch . Meets 3rd Wednesday of Terrace (corner Sutton Court Rd), W4. each month at 8pm in Community Central FEATURES Corres: 51 Gayford Road, London W12 9BY. Halls, 304 Maryhill Road, Glasgow. Peter What about the Roma? 10 Hendrie, 75 Lairhills Road, East Kilbride, MIDLANDS Glasgow G75 0LH. Tel: 01355 903105. West Midlands Regional branch . Meets Email: peter.anna.hendrie@blueyonder. History in the school 12 last Sunday of the month, the Briar Rose co.uk. pub, 25 Bennetts Hill, Birmingham B2 5RE. Dundee . Ian Ratcliffe, 16 Birkhall Ave, syllabus Tel: Tony Gluck 01242 235615. Wormit, Newport-on-Tay, DD6 8PX. Weight of Chains 14 Email: [email protected] Tel: 01328 541643. Lothian Socialist Discussion @ NORTHEAST Autonomous Centre Edinburgh, ACE, 17 Marx, co-ops & capitalism 16 Northeast branch . Contact: Brian Barry, 86 West Montgomery Place, Edinburgh EH7 Edgmond Ct, Ryhope, Sunderland SR2 0DY.