University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1974 John Foster Dulles : pragmatist or moralist. Harry Park Tolles University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Tolles, Harry Park, "John Foster Dulles : pragmatist or moralist." (1974). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 2507. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2507 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. JOHN FOSTER DULLES: PRAGMATIST OR MORALIST A Thesis Presented By Harry Park Tolies Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 1974 (Month) (Year) Major Subject: POLITICAL SCIENCE JOHN FOSTER DULLES: PRAGMATIST OR MORALIST A Thesis By Harry Park Tolies Approved as to style and content by: Peter Fliess, Chairman of the Committee Constance Friesen, Member r i rjO Glen Gordon, Department Head Augu st 1974 TMonthT (Year) To my wife Robbyn Lynn iv CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi INTRODUCTION vii CHAPTER I. DEVELOPMENT OF THE VIEWS OF JOHN FOSTER DULLES Childhood, Formal Education, and Early Diplomatic Experiences 1 Law Career and Diplomacy 6 War, Peace and Change 14 World War Two, Bipartisanship, and Politics 19 War or Peace 23 Japanese Peace Treaty, 1952 Election 28 II. THE ADMISSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA TO THE UNITED NATIONS Early Experiences with China 32 The Communist Revolution 36 Initial Support for United Nations Membership 45 Reversal of Position 49 "Red" China Policy, 1953 and 1954 53 The "Pragmatic Formula".