DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER LIBRARY ABILENE, KANSAS DULLES, ELEANOR LANSING: Papers, 1880-1984 Accessions 71-50, 72-19, 75-9, 75-9/1, 77-2, 85-8 Processed by: JAW, RWM, LKS, TB, HP Date Completed: August 1981, July 1997 The papers of Eleanor Lansing Dulles were deposited in the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library by Ms. Dulles between 1971 and 1985. Linear feet of shelf space occupied: 27.6 Approximate number of pages: 54,000 Approximate number of items: 20,000 An instrument of gift for these papers was signed by Ms. Dulles in November 1970. Literary property rights are retained by the donor until her death. At that time such rights pass to her children, David Dulles and Ann Dulles Joor. After their deaths the rights pass to the United States. Under terms of the instrument of gift the following classes of documents are withheld from research use: 1. Papers relating to the family and private business affairs of Ms. Dulles. 2. Papers relating to the family and private business affairs of other persons who have had correspondence with Ms. Dulles. 3. Papers relating to investigations of individuals or to appointments and personnel matters. 4. Papers containing statements made by or to Eleanor Lansing Dulles in confidence unless in the judgment of the Director of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library the reason for confidentiality no longer exists. 5. All other papers which contain information or statements that might be used to injure, harass, or damage any living person. SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE Eleanor Lansing Dulles, author, teacher and government employee, was a member of a diplomatic dynasty which spanned three generations. Her grandfather, John Watson Foster, served as Secretary of State under President Benjamin Harrison. Her mother’s sister was the wife of Robert Lansing, Secretary of State under President Woodrow Wilson. Her oldest brother, John Foster Dulles, was Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, while another brother, Allen Welsh Dulles, served as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency during the Eisenhower Administration. Eleanor, herself, spent twenty-six years in government service. Although she never reached a Cabinet-level post, her background in economics and her familiarity with European affairs enabled her to fill many important positions. Eleanor was born in Watertown, New York, in 1895. After graduating from Byrn Mawr College in 1917 she went to France where she spent two years working for refugee relief organizations in Paris. When World War I ended she returned to the United States to continue her schooling and eventually received a Ph.D. degree in 1926. For the next ten years she taught economics at various colleges. As a student and college professor she made many trips to Europe to study and conduct research on European financial matters. In 1936 Eleanor entered government service. Her first position was at the Social Security Board where she studied the economic aspects of financing the social security program. In 1942 she transferred twice. Her first move was to the Board of Economic Warfare where she spent five months studying various types of international economic matters. Then, in September 1942, she went to the Department of State where she worked for almost twenty years. During her first three years at the State Department, Eleanor was involved in post-war economic planning. She helped determine the U.S. position on international financial cooperation, and participated in the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 at which the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development were established. After the end of World War II, Eleanor went to Europe where she became involved in the reconstruction of the Austrian economy. In 1949 Eleanor transferred to the German Desk where she took an active interest in the affairs of Berlin. She made many trips to Berlin and was involved in planning the construction of the Berlin Congress Hall and the Berlin Medical Center. Her interest in Germany and Berlin continued even after she left the State Department in 1962. In 1967 she represented the United States at the funeral of Konrad Adenauer. She also wrote several books describing conditions in Germany. In 1959 Eleanor transferred from the German Desk to the Office of Intelligence and Research. At the latter post she became involved in a study of economic conditions in underdeveloped countries. As part of the study she traveled extensively in Africa, Latin America and South Asia. After leaving the State Department in 1962, Eleanor returned to teaching, first at Duke University and then at Georgetown University. She wrote several books on U.S. foreign policy and continued her trips abroad, frequently on her own but sometimes as a representative of the U.S. government. The papers of Eleanor Lansing Dulles reflect her official government activities, her college teaching, her writings on U.S. foreign policy, and the activities of many members of her family. The papers were received at the Eisenhower Library in four large shipments and two small accretions between 1971 and 1985. When they were received the papers were in no apparent order so the processing archivists arranged them into nine series. The first series, the Dulles-Foster-Lansing Papers, consists of diaries and letters written by the ancestors of Eleanor Lansing Dulles. Most of the material was originated by Eleanor’s grandmother, Mary Foster, her aunt Eleanor Lansing, and her parents Allen Macy and Edith Foster Dulles. The documents pertain primarily to the social life of the family and contain no information on the official government activities of John W. Foster. There is a notebook kept by Ms. Dulles’ uncle, Robert Lansing, while working for the State Department in 1892 on negotiations between the United States and Great Britain under a Treaty of Arbitration. At issue was the need to protect the seal herd in Alaska. The second series contains official reports and correspondence pertaining to Eleanor’s work for the U.S. government. The material is arranged chronologically and covers most aspects of her work. Especially well documented are her studies of financing the social security program, her studies of international economics for the Board of Economic Warfare, and her interest in post- World War II economic conditions in Europe. There is some information on her activities in Berlin but very little concerning her studies of economic aid to underdeveloped countries. This series does include some reports and notes on Berlin in the 1970s, reports on East and West Germany, and a report on Europe in the 1960s. More information on these subjects is located in the Trips Series. The third series consists of Eleanor’s personal correspondence and diaries, as well as printed material, memorabilia and some correspondence pertaining to her brothers John Foster Dulles and Allen Welsh Dulles and members of their families. Of particular interest in this series are Eleanor’s diaries and the letters she wrote to her family during her trips to Europe. These contain much information on her relief activities in France during World War I and her activities in Europe following World War I and World War II. The next two series contain information on the speeches and trips of Eleanor Lansing Dulles. Most of her speeches and trips were made as an official of the State Department and the speech files contain many State Department press releases giving the texts of her speeches. Many of Eleanor’s official trips took her to Germany so the Trips Series is a major source of information on her work in Berlin. The series also contains useful information on her trips to Latin America and Asia for her study of economic conditions in developing countries. The sixth series contains correspondence, research notes and drafts for many of Eleanor’s books and articles. It is divided into six subseries, five of which pertain to individual books. The first subseries concerns John Foster Dulles: The Final Year, and contains reports, clippings and other printed material on the activities of John Foster Dulles. Of particular interest are Eleanor’s notes of a 1962 interview with Dwight D. Eisenhower in which the former president discussed the work of John Foster Dulles. The second subseries contains detailed information on the U.S. intervention in the Dominican Republic in 1965. The third subseries contains information on the development of U.S. foreign policy, and how the U.S. acted in selected Cold War crises. The fourth subseries consists of drafts, notes, and correspondence relating to her memoirs, Eleanor Lansing Dulles--Chances of a Lifetime, and the fifth subseries has drafts and notes relating to Ms. Dulles’ book, The Wall: A Tragedy in Three Acts. The sixth subseries concerns many of the other books and articles which Eleanor wrote, most of which pertain to economic matters and events in Germany. The seventh series contains information on the college courses taught by Eleanor Lansing Dulles at Duke University and Georgetown University. The material includes lecture notes, class schedules, student papers, and some administrative papers relating to university matters. The eighth series contains articles, clippings and research notes on a wide range of foreign policy and economic matters. This material was collected by Eleanor Lansing Dulles for use in her writings and college lectures. The bulk of the material dates from the 1960s, although the series also contains a set of economic notebooks which Eleanor compiled between 1929 and 1936. The ninth series contains an assortment of materials, including interviews, notes and correspondence relating to Berlin, reviews of Eleanor Lansing Dulles’ books, and papers and articles by other individuals on such subjects as social security, the State Department, and the Berlin Wall. BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE June 1, 1895 Born at Watertown, New York 1917 Graduated from Bryn Mawr College 1917-1919 Worked for refugee relief organizations in Paris, France 1924 Received M.A.