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Diccionari De Neurociència Pot Ajudar a Resoldre

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Diccionari De Neurociència Pot Ajudar a Resoldre La neurociència integra un ampli conjunt de disciplines dedica- des a l’estudi del sistema nerviós. Termes com ara estimulació magnètica transcranial, hemisferi cerebral, lateralització, memò- ria a curt termini o transmissió sinàptica poden generar dubtes denominatius o conceptuals que el Diccionari de neurociència pot ajudar a resoldre. Aquesta obra, que vol ser una eina pràctica de referència termi- nològica, conté més de mil nou-cents termes, classificats en les àrees següents: neuroanatomia, neurohistologia, neurobiolo- gia cel·lular, neurobiologia del desenvolupament, neuroquími- ca, neurofarmacologia, neurofisiologia cel·lular i de sistemes, neurobiologia del comportament, neurologia, neuropsicologia i psiquiatria, neurociència computacional i disciplines connexes amb la neurociència. Cada article terminològic inclou la denominació catalana —amb la categoria lèxica i els sinònims, si en té—, els equivalents en castellà i anglès, la definició i, sovint, notes explicatives. Els índexs finals permeten accedir al contingut dels articles termi- nològics a partir de les denominacions castellanes o angleses. Amb la col·laboració de: Amb el suport de: Diccionari de neurociència TERMCAT, Centre de Terminologia Biblioteca de Catalunya. Dades CIP: Valero Cabré, Antoni Diccionari de neurociència Bibliografia. Índexs. – Text en català, equivalències en castellà i anglès ISBN 9788439388357 I. Reig i Vilallonga, Josep, dir. II. Navarro, X. (Xavier), dir. III. TERMCAT, Centre de Terminologia IV. Títol 1. Neurociències – Diccionaris – Català 2. Català – Diccionaris poliglots 616.8(038)) Aquest diccionari és una obra creada pel TERMCAT a partir d’un corpus bàsic de terminologia de neurociència que va ser elaborat entre els anys 2000 i 2005 per Antoni Valero-Cabré amb la col·laboració dels Serveis Lingüístics de la Universitat de Barcelona. Barcelona, 2011 Direcció, coordinació i elaboració: TERMCAT, Centre de Terminologia Coordinadors científics: Josep Reig Vilallonga i Xavier Navarro Acebes Autors: Antoni Valero-Cabré (autor principal) Laia Acarín Pérez, Albert Adell Calduch, Jordi Bruna Escuer, Joan X. Comella Carnicé, Arcadi Gual Sala, Carme Junqué Plaja, Xavier Navarro Acebes, Josep M. Pericay Hosta, Josep Reig Vilallonga, Antoni Rodríguez Fornells i Elena Valderrama Vallés (autors especialistes d’àrea) Il·lustració de la coberta: © Romain Quentin i Antoni Valero-Cabré. Grup de Dinàmiques Cerebrals, Plasticitat i Rehabilitació, CNRS UMR 7225 Institut del Cervell, París França (Imatge cromàticament modificada dels fascicles cerebrals d’un cervell humà intacte obtinguda amb una tractografia mitjançant tensor de difusió) © TERMCAT, Centre de Terminologia. Tots els drets reservats. Amb la col·laboració de: Xarxa Vives d‘Universitats Amb el suport de: Generalitat de Catalunya. Departament de Salut Obra Social de CatalunyaCaixa Primera edició: novembre de 2011 ISBN: 978-84-393-8835-7 Dipòsit legal: B-3666-2012 Coordinació de l’edició, disseny i composició: Entitat Autònoma del Diari Oficial i de Publicacions Impressió i enquadernació: Formes Design Queda totalment prohibida la reproducció, distribució, comunicació pública, posada a disposició del públic, transformació i qualsevol altra forma d’explotació, total o parcial, d’aquesta obra, per qualsevol mitjà, sense la prèvia autorització escrita atorgada pel TERMCAT, que es podrà sol·licitar a: Mallorca, 272-274, 1r 08037 Barcelona ([email protected]) DIRECCIÓ TERMCAT Rosa Colomer i Artigas COORDINACIÓ TERMCAT Executiva Jordi Bover i Salvadó Tècnica M. Antònia Julià i Berruezo EQUIP TERMINOLÒGIC TERMCAT Recerca terminològica Documentació Laura Moliné Grau Mariona Torra Ginestà Olga Andrés Viñas Ricard Ferrer Sarrió Edició Pilar Hernández Abellán Normalització Xavier Fargas Valero Dolors Montes Pérez Marta Sabater i Berenguer COORDINADORS CIENTÍFICS Josep Reig Vilallonga Departament de Ciències Morfològiques Unitat d’Anatomia i Embriologia Humana Facultat de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Xavier Navarro Acebes Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia Institut de Neurociències Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona AUTORS Autor principal Antoni Valero-Cabré Lab. Plasticitat Dinàmica Cerebral i Rehabilitació Institut del Cervell i de la Medul·la Espinal (CRICM) Centre Nacional de la Recerca Científica (CNRS) Departament d’Anatomia i Neurobiologia Escola de Medicina Universitat de Boston Autors especialistes d’àrea Laia Acarín Pérez (Neurohistologia) Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia Institut de Neurociències Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Albert Adell Calduch (Neurobiologia molecular) Departament de Neuroquímica i Neurofarmacologia Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC (IDIBAPS) Centre d’Investigació Biomèdica en Xarxa de Salut Mental (CIBERSAM) Jordi Bruna Escuer (Neurologia) Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Joan X. Comella Carnicé (Neurobiologia cel·lular i del desenvolupament) Fundació Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron – Institut de Recerca (VHIR) Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular Institut de Neurociències Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona CIBERNED Arcadi Gual Sala (Neurofisiologia cel·lular i de sistemes) Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques I Facultat de Medicina Universitat de Barcelona Carme Junqué Plaja (Neuropsicologia) Departament de Psiquiatria i Psicobiologia Clínica Facultat de Medicina Universitat de Barcelona Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC (IDIBAPS) Xavier Navarro Acebes (Neurofisiologia cel·lular i de sistemes) Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d’Immunologia Institut de Neurociències Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Josep M. Pericay Hosta (Psiquiatria) Servei de Psiquiatria Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Josep Reig Vilallonga (Neuroanatomia) Departament de Ciències Morfològiques Unitat d’Anatomia i Embriologia Humana Facultat de Medicina Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Antoni Rodríguez Fornells (Neurobiologia del comportament) Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) Elena Valderrama Vallés (Neurociència computacional) Departament de Microelectrònica i Sistemes Electrònics Escola d’Enginyeria Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Volem expressar el nostre agraïment a Ignasi Casadesús, de la Xarxa Vives d’Universitats, a Jordi Pere, del Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya, i a Marta Cos, de l’Obra Social de CatalunyaCaixa, que han contribuït amb les seves gestions a impulsar i tirar endavant aquest projecte. També volem agrair a Conxa Planas i a Àngels Egea, dels Serveis Lingüístics de la Universitat de Barcelona, l’aportació de les dades digitals de l’obra Vocabulari de neurociència, d’Antoni Valero-Cabré. Igualment, manifestem el nostre reconeixement als especialistes que ens han assessorat en alguna fase de l’elaboració de l’obra, particularment als assistents a la sessió de normalització que va tenir lloc a la seu del TERMCAT el 14 de juliol de 2009: Albert Compte, Carles Enric Escera, Josep Esquerda, Xavier Fuentes, Francisco Lozano, Núria Sebastian, Carles Solsona, Adolf Tobeña i Ramon Trullàs. I, finalment, agraïm el suport en tasques terminològiques a Anna Truyols i Maria Cortés. Sumari IX Presentació XI Introducció XXIII Arbre de camp XXV Abreviacions 1 Diccionari 339 Índex castellà 369 Índex anglès 397 Bibliografia VII Presentació En les darreres dècades el món de les neurociències s’ha anat engrandint de forma extraor- dinària, fins a límits insospitats —com ha succeït, d’altra banda, en tots els terrenys científics. A més, aquest camp de la ciència té moltes línies frontereres amb altres camps: anatomia, fisiologia, bioquímica, farmacologia, genètica, immunologia i medicina interna, entre d’altres, cosa que obliga a un esforç addicional de consens. L’aparició de noves tecnologies, nous instruments i aparells, nous conceptes, i fins i tot substàncies noves, ha fet necessari donar un nom a tots aquests ens fins ara inexistents des del punt de vista lingüístic. La nostra llengua, igual que les altres llengües cultes, ha anat denominant les diverses adquisicions i novetats científiques amb neologismes, molts cops barbarismes, d’arrels gairebé sempre llatines o anglosaxones. Aquests nous termes, a més d’enriquir la nostra llengua, són imprescindibles en el nostre vocabulari actual. Però calia una tasca d’ordenació i uniformització per a intentar que tots els neurocientífics sabéssim com utilitzar el llenguatge, i per no maltractar, un cop més, la nostra llengua. Un grup de neurocientífics, en col·laboració amb el TERMCAT, sota els auspicis de la Gene- ralitat de Catalunya, ha abordat el problema de la normalització del nostre vocabulari. Jo crec que ha estat, alhora, una tasca molt feixuga i complexa, gens senzilla i del tot indispensable. Tots els hem d’estar agraïts pel seu esforç. Per sort, la feina feta és un punt de referència, un inici, però segur que el constant pro- grés científic farà necessàries noves actualitzacions normalitzades, que aniran eixamplant el diccionari que avui apareix. Els criteris emprats per a confeccionar-lo ja s’han establert i faran més fàcils les futures edicions. Finalment, vull agrair als companys que m’han proposat per redactar aquest pròleg la seva deferència. JOSEP MARIA GRAU I VECIANA Catedràtic de Neurologia de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Director de Docència de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau IX Introducció El Diccionari de neurociència
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