ART AND POLITICS IN REPUBLICAN

ARH 362 20240 TTH 3.30–5.00

Prof. Penelope J. E. Davies DFA 2.518 232-2518 [email protected] Office hours: Tues 3–4

Course description: This course covers the art and architecture of Republican Rome, ca. 500-44 BC, when Rome began to establish dominance in the Mediterranean and to develop an artistic tradition that would flourish into the Empire. Copious wealth from victories abroad led to massive public works such as temples, civic buildings and triumphal monuments, which articulated the competing ambitions of elite families, jostling for political prominence. Students should gain a good grounding in Republican Roman visual culture and politics, and be able to assess works of art within their political and social context.

Reading: Text: Penelope J. E. Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome (Cambridge 2017). For students with little familiarity with ancient Rome, A. and N. Ramage, , from Romulus to Constantine, provides a superficial overview. General information concerning sites in Rome can be found in L. Richardson Jr’s A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome and the more comprehensive 5-volume Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae edited by M. Steinby (in a variety of languages). Both of these works are available in the Classics Library Reference Room. Also useful: Axel Boethius, Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture (Pelican 1970); Amanda Claridge, Rome, An Oxford Archaeological Guide (Oxford 1998); Diana E.E. Kleiner, Roman Sculpture (Yale 1992); Frank Sear, Roman Architecture (Cornell 1983); Timothy J. Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome (Routledge 1995).

Requirements and grading: Two mid-term exams (40% each); one presentation, researched and delivered in teams of 2–3 (20%). No make-up exams will be given; a 10-page research paper may be substituted for one of the exams. Attendance is not mandatory and does not factor into your grade, but you are unlikely to excel

1 in this class if you miss lectures. These contain a strong discussion component, which is designed to encourage you to explore your own reactions to and assessments of the works of art presented in lectures and the ideas of scholars working in the field.

Students with disabilities may request appropriate academic accommodations from the Division of Diversity and Community Engagement, Services for Students with Disabilities, 471-6259.

Campus Carry policy: Guns are not permitted in my office. Nor are they welcome in the lecture room.

The following is a tentative schedule of classes with reading assignments:

Aug. 31: Introduction

Sept. 5: Introduction: The Republic Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 1–5 Coulston, J. and H. Dodge (2000). “Introduction: The Archaeology and Topography of Rome.” In Ancient Rome. The Archaeology of the Eternal City. J. Coulston and H. Dodge. Oxford, Oxford University School of Archaeology: 1–15. North, J. A. (2006). “The Constitution of the .” In A Companion to the Roman Republic. N. Rosenstein and R. Morstein Kallet- Marx. Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell: 256–277.

Sept. 7: A Republic Emerges, 509–338: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 6–29 Rupke, J. (2006). “Communicating with the Gods.” In A Companion to the Roman Republic. N. Rosenstein and R. Morstein Kallet-Marx. Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell: 215–235. Stamper, J. W. (2005). The Architecture of Roman Temples: The Republic to the Middle Empire. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 36–48. Smith, C. J. (2000). “Early and Archaic Rome.” In Ancient Rome. The Archaeology of the Eternal City. J. Coulston and H. Dodge. Oxford, Oxford University School of Archaeology: 16–41. Additional reading: Orlin, E. M. (1997). Temples, Religion and Politics in the Roman Republic. Leiden, E.J. Brill.

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Beard, M., J. A. North, et al. (1998). Religions of Rome. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Sept. 12: A Republic Emerges, 509–338: Spoils and the City; Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 29–38 Torelli, M. (2006). “The Topography and Archaeology of Republican Rome.” In A Companion to the Roman Republic. N. Rosenstein and R. Morstein-Marx. Oxford, Blackwell Publishing: 81–101.

Sept. 14: An Age of Individualism, 337–218: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 39–61 Hölkeskamp, K.-J. (1993). “Conquest, Competition and Consensus: Roman Expansion in Italy and the Rise of the Nobilitas.” Historia 42: 12–39. Cornell, T. J. (2000). “The City of Rome in the Middle Republic (c. 400–100 BC).” In Ancient Rome. The Archaeology of the Eternal City. J. Coulston and H. Dodge. Oxford, Oxford University School of Archaeology: 42–60. Stamper, J. W. (2005). The Architecture of Roman Temples: The Republic to the Middle Empire. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 49–67. Davies, P. J. E. (2012). “On the Introduction of Stone Architraves in Republican Temples in Rome.” In Monumentality in Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture: Ideology and Innovation. M. Thomas and G. Meyers. Austin, University of Texas Press: 139–165. Davies, P. J. E. (2013). “The Archaeology of Mid-Republican Rome: The Emergence of a Mediterranean Capital.” In Jane DeRose Evans, ed. Blackwell Companion to Roman Republican Archaeology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing: 440–458 Davies, P. J. E. (2014). “Rome and Her Neighbors: Greek Building Practices in Republican Rome.” In Roger Ulrich and Caroline Quenemoen, eds. Blackwell Companion to Roman Architecture. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing: 27–44

Sept. 19: An Age of Individualism, 337–218: Spoils and the City Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 61–66 Lazenby, J. F. (2004). “Rome and Carthage.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. H. I. Flower. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 225–241. Bradford Churchill, J. (1999). "Ex Qua Quod Vellent Facerent: Roman

3 Magistrates' Authority over Praeda and Manubiae." Transactions of the American Philological Association 129: 85–116. Pollitt, J. J. (1986). Art in the Hellenistic Age. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 150–184 Additional reading: Beard, M. (2007). The Roman Triumph. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press. Miles, M. M. (2008). Art as Plunder: the Ancient Origins of Debate about Cultural Property. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Östenberg, I. (2009). Staging the World: Spoils, Captives, and Representations in the Roman Triumphal Procession. Oxford/New York, Oxford University Press.

Sept. 21: An Age of Individualism, 337–218: Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 66–74 MacBain, B. (1980). “Appius Claudius Caecus and the Via Appia.” Classical Quarterly 30: 356–372.

Sept. 26: A State of Fear, and New Horizons, 217–134: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 75–109 Gruen, E. (2004). “Rome and the Greek World.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. H. I. Flower. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 242–270. Ziolkowski, A. (1988). “Mummius' Temple of Hercules Victor and the Round Temple on the Tiber.” Phoenix 42: 309-333.

Sept. 28: A State of Fear, and New Horizons, 217–134: Spoils and the City Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 110–130 Kuttner, A. L. (1993). “Some New Grounds for Narrative: Marcus Antonius' Base (The Ara Domitii Ahenobarbi) and Republican Biographies.” In Narrative and Event in Ancient Art. P. J. Holliday. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 198-229.

Oct. 3: A State of Fear, and New Horizons, 217–134: Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 131–146 Gruen, E. S. (1992). Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press: 183–187

4 Wallace-Hadrill, A. (2008). Rome's Cultural Revolution. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 315–355

Oct. 5: Turmoil and tension: ca. 133–90: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 147–167 Konrad, C. F. (2006). “From the Gracchi to the First Civil War (133– 70).” In A Companion to the Roman Republic. N. Rosenstein and R. Morstein Kallet-Marx. Oxford, Blackwell Publishing: 167–189.

Oct. 10: Turmoil and tension: ca. 133–90: Spoils and the City Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 167–174

Oct. 12: Turmoil and tension: ca. 133–90: Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 174–182

Oct. 17: Review

Oct. 19: Exam #1

Oct. 24: Civil war and aftermath, 89–70: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 183–199 MacKay, C. S. (2000). “Sulla and the Monuments: Studies in his Public Persona.” Historia 99(2): 161–210. Additional reading: Keaveney, A. (2005). Sulla. The Last Republican. London/New York, Routledge. Tucci, P. L. (2005). “’Where High Leads her Steps Sublime.’ The ‘’ and the Temple of Moneta.” Journal of Roman Archaeology 18: 6–33.

Oct. 26: Civil war and aftermath, 89–70: Spoils and the City; Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 199–214 Flower, H. I. (2004). “Spectacle and Political Culture in the Roman Republic.” In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. H. I. Flower. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 322–346. Beacham, R. (1999). Spectacle Entertainments of Early Imperial Rome. New Haven, Yale University Press: 1–91.

5 Welch, K. E. (2007). The Roman Amphitheater: from its Origins to the . Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 30–71.

Oct. 31: Reading day

Nov. 2: Reading day

Nov. 7: Pompey, Caesar and rivals, 69–55: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 215–224

Nov. 9: Pompey, Caesar and rivals, 69–55: Spoils and the City; Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 224–244 Sear, F. (2006). Roman Theatres: An Architectural Study. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Packer, J. E., J. Burge, et al. (2007). “Looking Again at Pompey's Theater: The 2005 Excavation Season.” American Journal of Archaeology 111: 505–522. Gleason, K. L. (1994). “Porticus Pompeiana: A New perspective on the First Public Park of Ancient Rome.” Journal of Garden History 14: 13–27. Kuttner, A. L. (1999). “Culture and History at Pompey's Museum.” Transactions of the American Philological Association 129: 360–. Von Hesberg, H. (1996). “The King on Stage.” In The Art of Ancient Spectacle. B. Bergmann and C. Kondoleon. New Haven, Yale University Press: 65–75. Additional reading: Seager, R. (1979, 2002). Pompey the Great: A Political Biography. Oxford, Blackwell Publishing. Tatum, J. (1999). The Patrician Tribune: Publius Clodius Pulcher, University of North Carolina Press.

Nov. 14: Caesar, Pompey and rivals, 54–44: Architecture and Religion Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 245–257 Favro, D. (1998). The Urban Image of Augustan Rome. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press: 42–78. Additional reading: Meier, C. (1982). Caesar. A Biography, Basic Books. Parenti, M. (2003). The Assassination of Julius Caesar: A People's History of Rome. New York–London, The New Press. Tatum, J. (2008). Always I am Caesar. Oxford, Blackwell.

6 Nov. 16: Caesar, Pompey and rivals, 54–44: Spoils and the City Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 257–264

Nov. 21: Caesar, Pompey and rivals, 54–44: Magistrates and Civic Development Davies, Architecture and Politics in Republican Rome, 264–75

Nov. 23: Thanksgiving

Nov. 28: Review

Nov. 30: Exam #2

Dec. 5: Presentations

Dec. 7: Presentations

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