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The Localization of the Global Agendas How Local Action Is Transforming Territories and Communities

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The Localization of the Global Agendas How Local Action Is Transforming Territories and Communities 2019 The Localization of the Global Agendas How local action is transforming territories and communities Fifth Global Report on Decentralization and Local Democracy 2 GOLD V REPORT GOLD V REPORT —— XXXXXX 3 © 2019 UCLG The right of UCLG to be identified as author of the editorial material, and of the individual authors as authors of their contributions, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. United Cities and Local Governments Cités et Gouvernements Locaux Unis Ciudades y Gobiernos Locales Unidos Avinyó 15 08002 Barcelona www.uclg.org DISCLAIMERS The terms used concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development do not necessarily reflect the opinion of United Cities and Local Governments. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of this report do not necessarily reflect the views of all the members of United Cities and Local Governments. This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of UCLG and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. This document has been financed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. Sida does not necessarily share the views expressed in this material. Responsibility for its content rests entirely with the author. Graphic design and lay-out: www.ggrafic.com Cover photos: A-C-K (t.ly/xP7pw); sunriseOdyssey (bit.ly/2ooZTnM); TEDxLuanda (bit.ly/33eFEIt); Curtis MacNewton (bit.ly/2Vm5Yh1); s1ingshot (t.ly/yWrwV); Chuck Martin (bit.ly/30ReOEz); sunsinger (shutr.bz/33dH85N); Michael Descharles (t.ly/Mz7w3). All pictures published under Creative Commons licence (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/). Some rights reserved. The Localization of the Global Agendas How local action is transforming territories and communities Edited by UCLG Editorial board Contents Page 8 Credits Page 9 Foreword Page 10 Abbreviations and Acronyms Page 12 Introduction 1. Global context Page 18 2. Why SDG localization? Purposes and goals of the Report Page 21 3. Structure and analytical approach of the GOLD V Report Page 24 01 02 03 04 Africa Asia-Pacific Eurasia Europe 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 1. Introduction Page 29 Page 89 Page 137 Page 171 2. National and local 2. National and local 2. National and local 2. National and local institutional frameworks institutional frameworks institutional frameworks institutional frameworks for the implementation for the implementation for the implementation for the implementation of the SDGs of the SDGs of the SDGs of the SDGs Page 32 Page 92 Page 138 Page 172 3. The contribution of 3. The contribution of 3. The contribution of 3. The contribution of local and regional local and regional local and regional local and regional governments to the governments to the governments to the governments to the localization of the SDGs localization of the SDGs localization of the SDGs localization of the SDGs Page 60 Page 112 Page 156 Page 192 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions Page 80 Page 130 Page 166 Page 213 6 GOLD V REPORT Conclusions 1. Global trends affecting the implementation of the 2030 Agenda Page 359 2. How LRGs are taking the lead in the achievement of the global agendas Page 364 3. How ‘enabling environments’ for LRGs facilitate the localization of the SDGs Page 378 4. Policy recommendations: our roadmap to accelerate the achievement of the 2030 Agenda through the localization of the SDGs Page 390 Notes Page 397 Bibliography Page 434 05 06 07 08 Latin America and Middle East North Metropolitan the Caribbean and West Asia America Areas 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 1. Introduction Page 219 Page 265 Page 295 Page 327 2. National and local 2. National and local 2. National and local 2. The metropolitan institutional frameworks institutional frameworks institutional frameworks context and the SDGs for the implementation for the implementation for the implementation Page 330 of the SDGs of the SDGs of the SDGs Page 220 Page 268 Page 298 3. Metropolitan actions for the implementation 3. The contribution of 3. The contribution of 3. The contribution of of the SDGs local and regional local and regional local and regional Page 338 governments to the governments to the governments to the localization of the SDGs localization of the SDGs localization of the SDGs 4. Conclusions Page 238 Page 282 Page 306 Page 354 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions Page 258 Page 290 Page 322 GOLD V REPORT —— CONTENTS 7 Editorial board Coordination Edgardo Bilsky Luc Aldon Anna Calvete Andrea Ciambra Ainara Fernández Jolie Guzmán Emilie Huet Mathilde Penard Policy advisory Emilia Saiz, Secretary-General, UCLG UCLG Executive Bureau, 2016-2019 Secretary-Generals of UCLG sections · Africa: Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, UCLG Africa · Asia-Pacific: Bernadia Tjandradewi, UCLG ASPAC · Eurasia: Rasikh Sagitov, UCLG Eurasia · Europe: Fréderic Vallier, CEMR · Latin America - CORDIAL: Sergio Arredondo, FLACMA, Nelson Fernández, Mercociudades · Middle East and West Asia: Mehmet Duman, UCLG MEWA · Metropolis: Octavi de la Varga · North America: Brock Carlton, FCM With special inputs from networks involved in the Global Taskforce of Local and Regional Governments UCLG World Secretariat (www.global-taskforce.org) Serge Allou, Jose Álvarez, Saul Baldeh, Pere Ballester, Mohamed Boussraoui, Jean-Baptiste Buffet, Xavier Castellanos, Fátima Fernández, Pablo Fernández, Sara Hoeflich, Hyun Jung Kim, Steven Patrick Landry, Mehdi Mopin, Carole Morillon, Massimo Perrino, Guillem Ramírez, Marie-Laure Roa, Antònia Sabartés, Alejandra Salas, Fátima Santiago, Fernando Santomauro, Raphael Sedlitzky, Elisabeth Silva, Mariola Szek, Juan Carlos Uribe, Rosa Vroom UCLG committees and working groups · Culture: Jordi Pascual, Jordi Baltà Portolés, Sarah Vieux, Marta Llobet With the support of: · Capacity and Institutional Building: Elena Pierce (Federation of Canadian Municipalities - FCM), Jessie Post metropolis (VNG International, the Netherlands) · Food Security: Valérie Nicolas (French Association of Regions) · Local Economic and Social Development: Emilio Rabasco, Andalusian Fund of Municipalities for International Solidarity (FAMSI), Jean Carrière (FCM) · Peripheral Cities: Djamel Sandid (City of Nanterre, France) · Territorial Prevention and Management of Crisis: Special acknowledgements for the financial Simone Giovetti, Cités Unies France (CUF) and advisory support of: · Transparency and Accountability: Juana López, Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP) · Social Inclusion, Participatory Democracy and Human Rights: Amanda Flety, Jaume Puigpinós · Urban Strategic Planning: Puvendra Akkiah (eThekwini Municipality-City of Durban, South Africa) · Urban Innovation: Nicholas You, Yimin You and Milli Zhang, Guangzhou Municipality, China With special thanks for their contribution to the Barcelona Provincial Council (International Relations Directorate) and in particular to Kontxi Odriozola and Ana Tapia. 8 GOLD V REPORT —— EDITORIAL BOARD Executive Director European Affairs; Nathalie Noupadja, Credits Head of Research and Studies; Sarah Bentz, Policy Officer; Pedro Bizarro, Project Officer; Marine Gaudron, Policy Officer;Marlène Simeon, Director of PLATFORMA Chapter authors Latin America Anna Calvete Moreno, Expert on governance Africa and global agendas, Barcelona, Spain Agustí Fernández de Losada, Senior Research Fellow Sylvia Croese, Researcher, African Centre for and Director of the Global Cities Programme at Barcelona Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa Center for International Affairs (CIDOB), Spain Liza Rose Cirolia, Researcher, African Centre for Enrique Gallicchio, Associate Researcher, Cities, University of Cape Town, South Africa University Latin American Centre for Human Susan Parnell, Professor, University Economy (UCLAEH), Montevideo, Uruguay of Bristol, United Kingdom Ioanna Grotiuz, Researcher, University With contributions from: Jean-Pierre Elong Mbassi, Latin American Centre for Human Economy Secretary-General, UCLG Africa (UCLAEH), Montevideo, Uruguay Valentina Ríos, Researcher, University Latin American Centre for Human Economy Asia Pacific (UCLAEH), Montevideo, Uruguay Mario Rosales, Consultant, Chilean Association With the support of: of Municipalities (AChM), Chile Saswat Bandyopadhyay, CEPT UCLG thanks the team of the Confederação Nacional University, Ahmedabad, India de Municípios (CNM), Brazil, in particular Isabella dos Brian Roberts, Director, Urban Frontiers Santos, Office for International Relations; UCLG also Ltd., Brisbane, and Emeritus Professor, acknowledges Braulio Diaz for his comments. University of Canberra, Australia With contributions from: Binqing Li, Associate Professor, University of New South Wales, Australia; Ninik Suhartini, Middle East and West Asia Independent Researcher, Indonesia; Masao Kikuchi, Cemal Bas, Head of Project and Financing Assistant Professor, Meiji University, Japan; Department, Union of Municipalities of Turkey R. Gopchandran,
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