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China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007, « China and Its Past: Return, Reinvention, Forgetting » [Online], Online Since 10 April 2008, Connection on 20 October 2020 China Perspectives 2007/4 | 2007 China and its Past: Return, Reinvention, Forgetting Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2463 DOI: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2463 ISSN: 1996-4617 Publisher Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Printed version Date of publication: 15 December 2007 ISSN: 2070-3449 Electronic reference China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007, « China and its Past: Return, Reinvention, Forgetting » [Online], Online since 10 April 2008, connection on 20 October 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ chinaperspectives/2463 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/chinaperspectives.2463 This text was automatically generated on 20 October 2020. © All rights reserved 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS China and its Past: Return, Reinvention, Forgetting Editorial Sebastian Veg Jiaohua: The Confucian Revival in China as an Educative Project Sébastien Billioud and Joël Thoraval The Heritage of the Temples, a Heritage in Stone: An Overview of Beijing’s Religious Epigraphy Marianne Bujard and Xi Ju Shadows, Illusions, and Realities in the History of Modern Manchuria A review of Manchuria under Japanese Domination by Yamamuro Shin’ichi, translated by Joshua A. Fogel, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006 Christopher Howe The “Active Rightists” of 1957 and Their Legacy: “Right-wing Intellectuals,” Revisionists, and Rights Defenders Zeming Chen The Threatened History and Collective Memory of the Cultural Revolution’s Lost Generation Michel Bonnin Finding a Place for the Victims: The Problem in Writing the History of the Cultural Revolution Youqin Wang Utopian Fiction and Critical Examination: The Cultural Revolution in Wang Xiaobo’s “The Golden Age” Sebastian Veg Forbidden Memory, Unwritten History: The Difficulty of Structuring an Opposition Movement in the PRC Jean-Philippe Béja The Persistent Memory of Historic Wrongs in China: A Discussion of Demands for “Reappraisal” Eva Pils China Analysis China’s Think Tanks, the King’s Counsellors Compiled and commented Analysis Michal Meidan Relations between France and China: the Break . with Germany? Compiled and commented Analysis Mathieu Duchâtel China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 2 Book reviews Chris Berry and Mary Farquhar, China on Screen: Cinema and Nation Kristof Van Den Troost Shu-mei Shih, Visuality and Identity. Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific Emmanuel Lincot Kevin O'Brien and Li Lianjiang, Rightful Resistance in Rural China Chloé Froissart Ning Wang, Making a Market Economy; Yan Sun, Corruption and Market in Contemporary China Gilles Guiheux Czeslaw Tubilewicz, Taiwan and Post-Communist Europe. Shopping for Allies J. Bruce Jacobs Karl Taro Greenfeld, China Syndrome. The True Story of the 21st Century's First Great Epidemic; Thomas Abraham, Twenty-First Plague. The Story of SARS. Frédéric Keck Estelle Lau, Paper Families. Identity, Immigration Administration and Chinese Exclusion Adam McKeown Térence Billeter, L’Empereur jaune, Paris, Les Indes savantes, 2007, 549 pp. Sébastien Billioud China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 3 Sebastian Veg (dir.) China and its Past: Return, Reinvention, Forgetting China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 4 Editorial Sebastian Veg China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 5 Jiaohua: The Confucian Revival in China as an Educative Project Sébastien Billioud et Joël Thoraval RÉSUMÉS This article explores the rediscovery of “Confucianism” in mainland China in the field of education, understood in the broad sense of training dispensed to others and self-cultivation. It begins by examining the general context of the phenomenon and then analyzes how it is currently taking form and becoming institutionalized. On such a basis, it becomes possible to better understand one of its main features – its paradoxical anti-intellectualism. China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 6 The Heritage of the Temples, a Heritage in Stone: An Overview of Beijing’s Religious Epigraphy Marianne Bujard et Xi Ju RÉSUMÉS Out of the thousands of temples that still existed in Beijing before the 1950s, less than a dozen are nowadays active, the remaining ones having been either abandoned or destroyed. However, the commemorative inscriptions that were carved on stelae for centuries and that still remain on rubbings enable us to understand whole sections of the history of temples and of the religious life of the capital. China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 7 Shadows, Illusions, and Realities in the History of Modern Manchuria A review of Manchuria under Japanese Domination by Yamamuro Shin’ichi, translated by Joshua A. Fogel, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006 Christopher Howe China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 8 The “Active Rightists” of 1957 and Their Legacy: “Right-wing Intellectuals,” Revisionists, and Rights Defenders Zeming Chen RÉSUMÉS In this article, Chen Ziming makes use of recent publications and many first-hand witness accounts to bring a new perspective to the Anti-Rightist Campaign of 1957. The first part draws a distinction between “active rightists” (zhudong youpai) and “passive rightists” (beidong youpai)and further divides the former category into three groups: “right-wing intellectuals”, “revisionists” and “rights defenders, analysing the specificities of and differences between these groups. While the “right-wing intellectuals” consisted of democratic personalities influential prior to 1949, particularly Zhang Bojun and Luo Longji, who advocated “changing the constitution and the mode of government,” the “revisionists” encompassed intellectuals within the Party (Li Shenzhi and Liu Binyan) as well as students raised “under the red flag” (Lin Xiling and Tan Tianrong). Influenced by recent developments within the communist camp, they denounced the personality cult and the excesses of the system and called for a change of political and ideological line in favour of a “great democracy.” The “rights defenders” referred to the constitution of the People’s Republic of China to denounce violations of political rights (in particular during political campaigns), and of individual freedoms, economic and social rights, as well as the absence of liberty in the scientific, cultural, and artistic spheres (epitomized by the suppression of entire academic fields such as law, political science, and sociology). The last part of the article highlights the legacy of the movement, and describes how its ideas have been taken China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 9 further by various forces campaigning for a democratisation of China. For this issue of China Perspectives, we have chosen to publish a full translation of the part of Chen Ziming’s essay that deals with the first group of rightists, the “right-wing intellectuals,” as well as substantial extracts from the last part. (Editor’s note) China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 10 The Threatened History and Collective Memory of the Cultural Revolution’s Lost Generation Michel Bonnin RÉSUMÉS Since the Communist Party of China published its brief official version of the Cultural Revolution in 1981, few works on the history of that period have been approved for publication, even if they have kept strictly to the orthodox line. Still, some research work and eye-witness accounts by Chinese people outside the official apparatus have appeared, mostly in Hong Kong and Taiwan but also on the mainland. In spite of official attempts to bury the memory of that time, and against the grain of unreliable nostalgic recollections of some of their contemporaries, some former Red Guards and educated youth have managed, against all the odds, to put together an authentic and critically aware "people's" memory. These scattered islands of memory of China’s “lost generation” are under constant threat of submersion, but they are worth our attention, not only because they are essential for the future of China but also because the Cultural Revolution was an event of global significance. China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 11 Finding a Place for the Victims: The Problem in Writing the History of the Cultural Revolution Youqin Wang RÉSUMÉS This paper argues that acknowledging individual victims had been a crucial problem in writing the history of the Cultural Revolution and represents the major division between the official history and the parallel history. The author discusses the victims in the history of the Cultural Revolution from factual, interpretational and methodological aspects. China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 12 Utopian Fiction and Critical Examination: The Cultural Revolution in Wang Xiaobo’s “The Golden Age” Sebastian Veg RÉSUMÉS The first novella in Wang Xiaobo’s Trilogy of the Ages has in recent years become a genuine cult- work, in particular among Chinese students. The popularity of a text that links the sending-down of “educated youths” to the country with a golden age of sexual liberation in nature can certainly be explained in part by its scandalous aspects. However, it also conceals a sharply ironic discourse directed against the agrarian utopia of Maoism, which is associated with a regression to animal existence. From this perspective, Wang Xiaobo appears as an advocate of critical reflection, encouraging intellectuals to renounce political utopias and engage with society. His often polemical tone, when he refuses to regard past suffering as sacred, has in this way opened a precious space for discussion of the Cultural Revolution, a space that has so far proved elusive outside the area of fiction. China Perspectives, 2007/4 | 2007 13 Forbidden Memory, Unwritten History: The Difficulty of Structuring an Opposition Movement
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