WSSR 2015 - 2020 i

Report Authorship

N Team Member Title/Role

A Editorial Team Members 1 Prof. Permanent Secretary –Ministry of Water 2 Eng. Anthony Sanga Deputy Permanent Secretary- Ministry of Water 3 Eng. Dorisia Mulashani Director of Programme Coordination & Delivery- MoW 4 Prof. Tolly Mbwette Professor from UDSM-COET 5 Eng. Clement Kivegalo Director General- RUWASA 6 Dr. George Lugomela Director of Water Resources- Ministry of Water 7 Mr. Sylvester Matemu Assistant Director, Transboundary Water Resources 8 Mr. Lukas Kwezi Water Advisor- DFID 9 Eng. Ngwisa Mpembe Managing Director-Lahmyer Consulting Engineers

B Technical Team Members 1 Mr. Onesmo Sigalla Programme Manager, MoW-WSDP II 2 Mr. Edward Kazimoto Project Manager – MoW-WSSP II 3 Mr. Winstone Bohela Technical Advisor, MoW-RUWASA 4 Dr. Subira Munishi Lecturer at UDSM - COET 5 Dr. Tulinave Mwamila Principal Tutor - Water Institute 6 Mr. Nsaa-lya Amanieli Coordinator - DPG Water Secretariat

C Data Collection Team Members 1 Mr. Obadia K. Kibona Head of Safeguard Section, PCDU, MoW 2 Ms. Mwanaidi Mnyimandi Head of Programme Coordination Section, PCDU 3 Mr. Robert K.M. Sunday Senior Hydrologist 4 Mr. Renatus Machumi Economist specialist in Water Resources Management 5 Mr. Ramadhani Othman Statistician in water supply and sanitation services 6 Ms. Diana Kimario Statistician, specialized in policy and planning 7 Mr. Heri M. Chisute Head of Lake Victoria Laboratory 8 Mr. Bahati Joram Head of ICT & Statistics at RUWASA 9 Mr. Aziz J. Mutabuzi Technical Support Manager RUWASA 10 Mr. Najibu A. Nsojo Sanitation and Hygiene Engineer

WSSR 2015 - 2020 ii

Statement by Minister

I am glad to report that since 2015, the sector has recorded much success as many key objectives and plans have been realized. As the sector Ministry, we have improved on efficiency by resolving major implementation challenges and cumulatively improved in water governance in the country. The legislative aspects of the provision of water supply and sanitation services have been made clearer following the enactment of Act No 5 for Water Supply and Sanitation in 2019. The new Act provides for the establishment of the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASA) and repeals the Water Supply and Sanitation Act (Act No 12 of 2009).

Sector reforms which now dates two decades cumulatively have continued to improve effectiveness. The 2002 National Water Policy, while still relevant is being reviewed to align and optimize its direction in achieving the country’s development initiatives and enable the sector respond to current and future global demands. The 2002 Policy continues to provide the general direction to attain the aspirations of the National Development Vision by 2025; through implementation of the Water Sector Development Programme (WSDP). The policy review process is on track so far and has made tremendous progress.

Investments in the water sector specifically the Water Sector Development Programme are hefty and the main thrust during the period has been directed at increasing access to water supply services to meet the growing demand. As ’s population grows, it becomes essential to carefully plan allocations for the competing sectoral demands by balancing the allocations and priorities in an equitable manner.

Our state of water resources is still intact standing at 2.3 Mil liters per year for each person counted in Tanzania. During the period, we have increased supervision of projects to ensure their completion is within agreed timelines, budget and quality. As a result, an additional 1,143 projects have been implemented in rural areas since the onset of the current government led by H.E. John Pombe Joseph Magufuli. This translates to coverage increase of 70% by end of 2019 from 48% in 2015 in rural areas and a coverage in urban centers from 70% (June 2015) to 85% in December 2019. It is rewarding to note that many people have gained access to water from improved sources in rural and urban sub-sectors. The Government’s commitment in caring and improving people’s lives remains very high and un-wavered. Sector plans to positively contribute in the country’s development aspirations and delivering on citizens’ expectations remains very high.

I express my profound appreciation to the participation of all stakeholders specifically Development Partners, Private sector, Civil Society Organizations and the community. I extend this appreciation to my staff at the Ministry of water, Line Ministries and the Government as a whole for their commitment, diligence and overall collaboration that has led to the sector’s success. I render my gratitude for the moral support and financial contribution of all Partners and hereby call for continued support of every stakeholder in fulfilment of a joint common goal and target.

Hon. Prof. (MP) Minister of Water

WSSR 2015 - 2020 iii

Statement by Permanent Secretary

I am both pleased and privileged to send a message to the people of Tanzania and international community that access to water supply and sanitation is a prerequisite for achieving the desired economic success of Tanzania. On the way to achieving the goal of an emerging economy status, a rapid growth and expansion of economic activities both in urban and rural areas are expected. Availability of sustainable and efficient water supply and sanitation services at all levels is vital to keep up the pace of development in a strategically driven economic environment in the country. As Tanzania grows into the middle economic development so are the demands for improved water supply services and resources in terms of quantity, quality and reliability.

Although Tanzania is not considered as water resources scarce country, the utilization of water as a sustainably managed resource is a priority for national development. Thus the approaches to address the challenges of water resources management and water supply in providing sustainable solutions must be comprehensive and integrated. It is in this context that the WSDP has to inform and address the challenges and mitigations of water resources management, water supply, health and sanitation, institutional and environmental management.

It is my conviction that the Government of Tanzania and our esteemed development partners through the water sector development programme will provide valuable insights into water investments required to develop this valuable and priority area. The challenging issues outlined in the report will also attract the right attention of water users, policy makers and development partners to provide the comprehensive and sustainable solutions.

It is thus my sincere appreciation to the President of United Republic of Tanzania, Minister of Water and all authoritative ranks in Tanzania for their continued support in nurturing social, economic and industrial achievements through sustainable and environmental utilization of this valuable water resource.

I once again wish to congratulate the ministry of water, Development partners and individual members who have together contributed in bringing out this valuable report.

I acknowledge and welcome all stakeholders into reading, capturing and using the report for sustainable development of Tanzania.

Prof. Kitila Mkumbo Permanent secretary Ministry of Water

WSSR 2015 - 2020 iv

Executive Summary

This Water Sector Status Report covers a period of five years from 2015 to 2020. It consolidates the progress and issues on the components constituting the water sector. The report addresses the challenges and sustainable solutions of water resources management, water supply and sanitation, institutional strengthening and performance monitoring in comprehensive and integrated manners. It encompasses the historical context and reforms on the sector from pre-independence building on