Verzwakte Verdediging
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This Copy of the Thesis Has Been Supplied on Condition That Anyone Who
University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 04 University of Plymouth Research Theses 01 Research Theses Main Collection 2014 The British Way of War in North West Europe 1944-45: A Study of Two Infantry Divisions Devine, Louis Paul http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3014 Plymouth University All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author's prior consent. 1 THE BRITISH WAY OF WAR IN NORTH WEST EUROPE 1944-45: A STUDY OF TWO INFANTRY DIVISIONS By LOUIS PAUL DEVINE A thesis Submitted to Plymouth University in partial fulfilment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Humanities May 2013 2 Louis Paul Devine The British Way of War in North West Europe 1944-45: A Study of two infantry divisions Abstract This thesis will examine the British way of war as experienced by two British Infantry Divisions - the 43rd ‘Wessex’ and 53rd ‘Welsh’ - during the Overlord campaign in North West Europe in 1944 and 1945. The main locus of research centres on the fighting components of those divisions; the infantry battalions and their supporting regiments. -
The History of the 1St Canadian Armoured Personnel Carrier Regiment
Canadian Military History Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 5 1995 “Kangaroos at War”: the History of the 1st Canadian Armoured Personnel Carrier Regiment John R. Grodzinski Royal Military College of Canada, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Recommended Citation Grodzinski, John R. "“Kangaroos at War”: the History of the 1st Canadian Armoured Personnel Carrier Regiment." Canadian Military History 4, 2 (1995) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Grodzinski: “Kangaroos at War” John R. Grodzinski he Second World War witnessed the marching in the open or being carried on vehicles development and large scale use of many new with limited protection had to change.2 Simonds T 3 weapons: aircraft, armoured vehicles, had studied this problem in 1938 and in 1944 communications systems and rockets are but a found a solution in employing discarded few. An equally important revolution occurred in armoured vehicles modified to carry infantry. He tactics, where all armies had to learn how to ordered the Priest self-propelled guns recently integrate and use these systems in battle. turned in by the artillery regiments of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division to be converted to One innovation was the means by which infantry carriers. infantry was moved across the battlefield. The previous method of advancing in the open, On 31 July 1944, Brigadier CM. Grant, the "leaning into the barrage" had proven too costly. -
Inhalt Grußworte Wassenbergs Bürgermeister Manfred Winkens
Inhalt Grußworte Wassenbergs Bürgermeister Manfred Winkens.............................................................................. 9 Vorsitzender des Heimatvereins Wassenberg Sepp B e c k e............................................................ r 10 Vorwort.......................................................................................................................................................... 11 Kapitel 01 - Daten und Geschichte zur Stadt und Region Wassenberg...................................................... 12 Geschichte ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Wassenberg ab 1900 ...................................................................................................................... 16 Die R u r .............................................................................................................................................. 19 Kapitel 02 - Wassenberg im 3. Reich Die politische L a g e ............................................................................................................................19 Der A llta g ...........................................................................................................................................20 Juden in Wassenberg.........................................................................................................................22 Kapitel 03 - Was war der Westwall?.............................................................................................................23 -
Gegraven Verdediging
Gegraven verdediging Een archeologische analyse van Duitse verdedigingswerken uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog in het Meinweggebied (Limburg) Dwayne E.P.C.M. Beckers Afbeelding voorpagina: Foto genomen in een loopgraaf (Fleischer 1998, 29). 1 Gegraven verdediging Een archeologische analyse van Duitse verdedigingswerken uit de Tweede Wereldoorlog in het Meinweggebied (Limburg) Dwayne E.P.C.M. Beckers s0947369 Dhr. Drs. M. Wansleeben Bachelorscriptie Archeologie, computertoepassingen Universiteit Leiden, Faculteit der Archeologie Leiden, juni 2012 2 Inhoudsopgave Voorwoord 3 Over de tekst 7 1. Inleiding 8 1.1 Westwall 9 1.2 Luftverteitigungszone-West 11 1.3 Maas-Rurstellung 12 1.4 Maas-Rurstellung in actie: strijd om de 13 Rijn en het Ruhrgebied. 2. Aanpak en slagveldarcheologie in Nederland 17 2.1 Aanpak 17 2.2 De zin van onderzoek naar resten uit 18 de Tweede Wereldoorlog 3. De Duitse verdedigingsstrategie en aard van de 20 verdedigingswerken 3.1 Verschillende concepten van de Duitse 20 verdedigingsstrategie 3.2 De verdediging in de praktijk 24 4. Verwachtingskaart van Duitse verdedigingswerken in 29 het onderzoeksgebied 4.1 Grote, strategische verwachtingsgebieden 30 4.2 Specifieke verwachtingsgebieden 36 5. Veldverkenning en resultaten 38 5.1 Resultaten in de grote, strategische 38 verwachtingsgebieden 5.2 Resultaten in de specifieke verwachtingsgebieden 44 3 6. Conclusies 48 Samenvatting 50 Abstract 51 Bibliografie en afbeeldingen 52 Bijlage I: Veelvoorkomende stellingen in het onderzoeksgebied Bijlage II: Verwachtingskaart Bijlage III: Foto’s van aangetroffen structuren tijdens de veldverkenning Bijlage IV: Verklarende woordenlijst 4 Voorwoord Sinds ik een klein kind was vertelde mijn oma mij spannende verhalen over haar rol in het verzet, de ontberingen die ze moesten ondergaan en de laatste maanden van de oorlog toen het front tot haar woonplaats genaderd was. -
21St Army Group
21st Army Group 21st Army Group Active July, 1943 to August, 1945 United Kingdom Country Canada Poland Supreme Headquarters Allied Part of Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) Commanders Notable Bernard Montgomery commanders The 21st Army Group was a formation comprising British and Canadian forces stationed in the United Kingdom. who were assigned for the invasion of Europe. The formation was established in London in July 1943 under the command of Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF). The Group was an important Allied force in the European Theatre of World War II. The 21st Army Group operated in Northern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany. Contents • 1 Normandy • 2 Advance into the Netherlands • 3 Operation Market Garden • 4 Battle of the Scheldt • 5 Battle of the Bulge • 6 Battle for the Roer Triangle • 7 Rhineland Campaign • 8 British Army of the Rhine • 9 Order of battle o 9.1 Attached U.S. units • 10 Notes • 11 References Normandy Commanded by General (later Field Marshal) Sir Bernard Montgomery, 21st Army Group initially controlled all ground forces in Operation Overlord. When sufficient American forces had landed, their own 12th Army Group was activated, under General Omar Bradley and the 21st Army Group was left with the British 2nd Army and the First Canadian Army under its control. Normandy was a battle of attrition for the British and Canadian armies, drawing in the available German reinforcements around Caen at the eastern end of the lodgement. The German Wehrmacht lacked the ability to prevent the American breakout at the western end of the Normandy beachhead in early August 1944, and the Germans were nearly enveloped at the Falaise and were routed. -
Operatie Blackcock
Operatie Blackcock Door Richard van Gils Eisenhower krijgt de kriebels van Monty Het is september 1944. De Amerikaanse generaal Dwight D. Eisenhower, opperbevelhebber van de geallieerde troepen, krijgt de kriebels van de aan hem ondergeschikte Britse veldmaarschalk Bernhard Montgomery, commandant van de 21st Army Group. Hij en Montgomery zijn het hartgrondig oneens over de te volgen strategie. Eisenhower wil dat de geallieerde legers over een breed front in de aanval gaan, terwijl Monty juist een doorbraak wil forceren door de geallieerde gevechtskracht zo veel mogelijk op één plek aan het front te concentreren. Wanneer de gevechtskracht wordt gebundeld, zullen de geallieerde strijdkrachten diep het vijandelijk gebied kunnen binnendringen en zijn de geallieerde militairen ‘Home Before X-mas’, zo is de stellige overtuiging van Montgomery. De claim van de Britse generaal om over een smal front op te rukken is echter niet geheel vrij van eigenbelang. De geallieerden kampen op dat moment met grote tekorten aan munitie, brandstof, voedsel en materieel. Met zijn gebruikelijke gebrek aan tact eist Montgomery van Eisenhower dat veruit de meeste logistieke reserves worden toegewezen aan zijn 21st Army Group. Hij krijgt grotendeels zijn zin. Het resultaat is operatie Market Garden die op 17 september 1944 van start gaat. Na het mislukken van de luchtlandingsoperatie blijft Monty, egoïstisch als hij is, eisen dat hij een tweede kans krijgt. Maar eerst moet de Antwerpse haven in gebruik worden genomen, en daarna gooit het Duitse wanhoopsoffensief in de Ardennen vanaf 16 december 1944 roet in het eten. De felbegeerde rol van aanvoerder van het geallieerde offensief over de Rijn blijft voor Monty nog even toekomstmuziek. -
Cartographic World War II Records Guide
Cartographic World War II Records Guide This guide was compiled from various descriptions from our online catalog at catalog.archives.gov. The following description fields are included: Series Title Dates - Some dates include both when the series was compiled or maintained as well as the time period that the records cover. NAID (National Archives Identifier) - This is a unique identifier that allows us locate materials in our holdings. A series description (scope and content) is included for each series entry. Type of archival materials - This field describes what type of records the series includes. Arrangement - This field provides you with information on how the records have been arranged and organized. This may help you understand what kind of information is needed to pull the records. Finding aid - If there is another finding that we can provide you to help locate specific folders, boxes or individual records, it will be listed here. All of these finding aids will be available as a paper copy and/or as a digital file in our research room. Access and use restrictions - If there are any access or use restrictions on the records, they will be listed and explained here. Extent - This notes how many items or folders are included in the series. Digitized - This field will tell you if any of the records in the series are digitized and available in our catalog. Any digitized records are available at catalog.arhcives.gov by entering the provided NAID in the search bar. Selection note: The selected series were chosen to be included based on their research value pertaining to World War II and the particular time period of 1939 - 1945. -
Military History Anniversaries 16 Thru 31 January
Military History Anniversaries 16 thru 31 January Events in History over the next 15 day period that had U.S. military involvement or impacted in some way on U.S military operations or American interests JAN 16 1776 – Amrican Revolutionary War: African-American Soldiers » It was an uncomfortable fact for many in the colonies that at the same time they were fighting the British for their liberty and freedom they were depriving slaves of that same opportunity. African-American soldiers, in fact, had participated in major Revolutionary War battles from its very start: around 5% of American forces at the battle of Bunker Hill were black. New England units were completely integrated with soldiers receiving the same pay regardless of color. Still, fears of a rebellion of armed slaves tempered official American recognition of the contribution of blacks. On this date General George Washington allowed for the first time for free blacks with military experience to enlist in the revolutionary army. A year later, as the American need for manpower increased, Washington dropped the military experience requirement, allowing any free black who so wishes to enlist. The Continental Congress tried to recruit more African-Americans by offering to purchase them from the Southern slaveholders. Unsurprisingly, few agreed. But enterprising states like Rhode Island made an end run around the slaveholders, announcing any slave who enlisted would immediately be freed. (Rhode Island compensated the slaveholder for the market value of their slave.) The “1st Rhode Island Regiment” was comprised mostly of those freed slaves, becoming the only Continental Army unit to have segregated units for blacks. -
XII Corps History & Personnel
2020 www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk Author: Robert PALMER, M.A. A CONCISE HISTORY OF: XII CORPS (HISTORY & PERSONNEL) A concise history of XII Corps, a higher level formation of the British Army in existence from 1940 until 1945. It saw operational service in North West Europe in 1944 and 1945. In addition, known details of the key appointments held during that period are included. Copyright ©www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk (2020) 15 June 2020 [XII CORPS HISTORY & PERSONNEL] A Concise History of XII Corps (History & Personnel) Version: 1_1 This edition dated: 15 June 2020 ISBN: Not yet allocated. All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means including; electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, scanning without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Author: Robert PALMER, M.A. (copyright held by author) Assisted by: Stephen HEAL Published privately by: The Author – Publishing as: www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk © www.BritishMilitaryH istory.co.uk Page 1 15 June 2020 [XII CORPS HISTORY & PERSONNEL] XII Corps The XII Corps was formed in the United Kingdom circa June 1940. The first commanding officer of the Corps was Lieutenant General Andrew THORNE. XII Corps was stationed in the south east of England in the counties of Kent and Sussex, and had its headquarters located at 10, Broadwater Down in Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent. The first formations it had under command were: • 45th Infantry Division, • 1st London Infantry Division. The 1st London Division was renamed as the 56th (1st London) Infantry Division on 18 November 1940. -
Catalogue Download
Catalogue 168 pages of colour rich information with an introduction by writer Charles Singleton, this supplement for Pike & Shotte describes the history, armies, personalities and battles of the English Civil War. Included are detailed scenarios based on some of the most famous battles, complete with maps and orders of battle £22.50 SEASON OF BATTLE CARD FIELD OF BATTLE etc - One 54 card deck of wargames style battlefield maps. The FOB campaign System BUT USEFUL for ANY wargamer as a random Terrain Generator . £22.50 AMERICAN CIVIL WAR SMOOTHBORE ARTILLERY (SMOOTHBORE ORDNANCE JOURNAL VOLUME 10) Summerfield, Dr S 143pp., 4to, fully illus., large format pbk 38 scale plans, 107 tables, 135 photos. of contemporary & surviving ordnance covers graphically & in detail every aspect of the vital smoothbore elements of ACW artillery. £20.00 AMERICAN REVOLUTION : THE FRENCH - COMMAND & COLOURS TRICORNE - COMPASS GAMES - - £82.50 Armies of the Medieval Italian Wars 1125-1325 - Ospery MAA 523- £10.99 ARMY OF THE DUTCH REPUBLIC, 1713-1772, PART I: INFANTRY FOR ORANGE AND THE STATES. THE - £17.50 BY FORCE OF ARMS - AUSTRIAN ARMY IN THE SEVEN YEARS WAR 2) Duffy Mint hardback £65.00 HANDBOOK OF THE BELGIAN ARMY 1914 Mint hbk facsimile of British General staff study £29.50 HUSSAR SERGEANT IN THE KING'S GERMAN LEGION: The Memoirs of Cavalry Sergeant Ebbecke, 2nd Hussar Regiment, King's German Legion 1803-15 - This short memoir of Sergeant Ludwig Ebbecke was published in German in 1851, but has never before been translated into English. He served at Stralsund, the Siege of Copenhagen in 1807, and was nearly shipwrecked on the passage back to Britain. -
World War II Museum, Inc
DEATH AND VALOR ON TARAWA EXCLUSIVE! MY PANZERS BROKE THE FRENCH LINE UNDERCOVER CODE BREAKERS IN DAYTON, OHIO Major General Truscott in Italy, wearing 3rd Infantry Division insignia. “ Wars aren’t SECRETS OF A GREAT won by gentlemen. LEADER They’re won by FIRST-CLASSmen who can be SONSOFBITCHES when they want to be.” —LUCIAN K. TRUSCOTT JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2016 HISTORYNET.COM An Exclusive National WWII Museum Tour Led by Author & Historian Donald L. Miller May 6 – 12, 2016 Experience England through the Airfields, Towns, and Hangouts of America’s Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany. “First class exexperienceperience ooff a lilifetimefetime ffromrom start ttoo ““ThisThis was a susuperbperb tour tthathat pprovidedrovided increincredibledible fifinish.nish. The extras arranged by Donald MilleMillerr opportunities not available in any other fformat.ormat. Every mamadede tthehe tour very speciaspecial.”l.” event and location was ffascinating.”ascinating.” - John and Janet, Bluffton, South CarolCarolinaina -Mary, AtAtherton,herton, CCAA CALL 877-813-3329 x 257 OR VISIT WW2MUSEUMTOURS.ORG TO LEARN MORE. NEW from Da Capo Press “Anyone who enjoyed Laura Hillenbrand’s Unbroken will love this work of history * that reads like a thriller.” “In engrossing and well-researched prose, Harding tells the story of Tony Marchione, a youngster who was determined to fi ght for his country, only to die after peace had supposedly come. A fi ve-star military read.” Y Washington Times “Harding has woven together letters, interviews with family and friends, and both Japanese and American military records to provide an intense, quietly moving, and, of course, sad chronicle of a young life cut short.” Y Booklist “[A] meticulously researched account of the days following Japan’s surrender... -
De Frontperiode in Herkenbosch; 1944 - 1945 Door Dwayne Beckers
De frontperiode in Herkenbosch; 1944 - 1945 door Dwayne Beckers Tijdens de 70-jarige herdenking van de bevrijding van Roerdalen, 1 maart jongstleden, viel het op dat er dit jaar erg veel aandacht is voor de gebeurtenissen die zich tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog hebben afgespeeld in onze regio. Ook in Herkenbosch is deze viering niet zonder de nodige activiteiten voorbijgegaan. De viering van 70 jaar bevrijding van het dorp is een goed moment om een globaal overzicht te geven van de gevechten en voorvallen die zich tijdens de frontperiode hebben voorgedaan. Ook hier is de vrijheid tenslotte zwaar bevochten. Het front komt naar Herkenbosch In oktober 1944, nadat de Duitsers in hoog tempo teruggeslagen zijn uit Frankrijk en de geallieerde operatie Market Garden is mislukt, wordt begonnen met de aanleg van een serie verdedigingswerken langs en achter de Roer en de Maas om de geallieerde opmars een halt toe te roepen. De bouw van deze verdedigingswerken valt onder de verantwoordelijkheid van het zogenaamde Korps Feldt, dat hiervoor bevel heeft gekregen vanuit het Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.1 Voor het uitvoeren van deze haast megalomane operatie worden duizenden Oost-Europese dwangarbeiders, deels vallend onder Organisation Todt, getransporteerd naar de noordelijke Roerstreek. Ook in Herkenbosch worden grote aantallen dwangarbeiders ondergebracht in schuren en stallen. Zij moeten, samen met veel inwoners die ook gedwon- gen aan het werk gezet worden, in een tijdsbestek van krap twee maanden het volledige systeem van loopgraven, tankgrachten, bunkers en geschutopstellingen aanleggen waarmee de Duitsers hun positie vóór het Ruhrgebied proberen te consolideren. Ook rond het dorp zelf wordt veel gegraven.