Jonglei State, South Sudan April-June 2018
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Situation Overview: Jonglei State, South Sudan April-June 2018 Introduction Map 1: REACH assessment coverage Map 3: REACH assessment coverage had recent contact with those in relevant of Jonglei State, April 2018 of Jonglei State, June 2018 Ongoing conflict in Jonglei continued to settlements including: a) five FGDs for Nyirol negatively affect humanitarian needs in the and Ayod in Akobo Town, b) two FGDs for Duk second quarter of 2018. The onset of the peak County and one FGDs for Twic East County in lean season saw deteriorating food security Bor Town, c) four FGDs for Ayod and Greater conditions in many locations across the state. Akobo in Bor PoC, d) one FGD for Bor South Clashes between armed actors and pervasive in Mingkaman. All this information is included insecurity, particularly in the Greater Akobo in the data used for this Situation Overview. area caused displacement among affected This Situation Overview provides an update to communities, negatively impacting the ability key findings from the January - March 2018 Map 2: REACH assessment coverage of populations to meet their primary needs. Situation Overview.1 The first section analyses of Jonglei State, May 2018 REACH has been assessing the situation in displacement and population movement in hard-to-reach areas in South Sudan since Jonglei during the second quarter of 2018, December 2015, to inform the response and the second section evaluates access to of humanitarian actors working outside of food and basic services for both IDP and non- formal settlement sites. This settlement data Assessed settlements displaced communities. is collected across South Sudan on a monthly Settlement Population Movement and basis. Between 4 April and 22 June, REACH Cover ercentage of aee ettlement relative to the OCHA CO total ataet Displacement interviewed 1,473 Key Informants (KIs) with knowledge of humanitarian needs in 649 Levels of depopulation and displacement settlements in 8 of the 11 counties in Jonglei remained high but stable in Jonglei in Overview. understand humanitarian needs in locations State. across the state, REACH conducted three the second quarter of 2018. Showing no In the second quarter of 2018, displacement considerable change from March, 38% of In order to ensure an understanding of Gap Analysis FGDs with new arrivals and data from KI interviews was triangulated with assessed settlements reported that half current displacement trends and humanitarian people who had recent contact with those in three Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), which or more of the population had left in April. conditions in settlements from which relevant settlements including a) one FGD for involved participatory mapping exercises to Akobo and Nyirol Counties reported the displacement took place, new arrivals in data Bor South in Bor Town b) one FGD for Akobo understand the routes that internally displaced highest proportion of assessed settlements collection sites, representing 36% of KIs, were in Akobo Town c) one FGD for Fangak in Bor persons (IDPs) took. These included: a) two with presence of IDPs in June: 52% and 30% specifically targeted. The remainder of the KIs PoC. FGDs with new arrivals from Greater Akobo respectively. The higher rate of displacement interviewed (64%) reported having been in (Nyirol, Uror and Akobo Counties) and Ulang To inform further analysis on food security was likely driven by intercommunal violence the settlement or having had regular contact County in Akobo Town, b) one with new trends across the state, REACH also conducted and conflict between armed groups in with someone from the settlement within the arrivals from Bor South County in Mingkaman, thirteen Food Security and Livelihood (FSL) Greater Akobo in April and May, in addition last month. For more information, please FGDs with new arrivals and people who Awerial County, Lakes State. To better : see the methodology section in this Situation 1 REACH, Jonglei State Situation Overview, January - March 2018 . Map 4: Displacement Overview Jonglei State METHODOLOGY between armed groups in south eastern Upper To provide an overview of the situation in Nile during the first quarter of 2018. Those UNTY UPPER Displacement to Jonglei displaced reported moving from locations largely inaccessible areas of Jonglei State, Phom NLE REACH uses primary data provided by key Displacement within Jonglei near Ulang town passing through Jikmir town, Canal Chuil Fangak County informants who have recently arrived, or County Displacement out of South before following the River Sobat south towards Nyirol lang received regular information, from their pre- County Sudan Akobo town. displacement location or “Area of Knowledge”. Lankien Jikmir Ayod However, recent escalations in intercommunal County Waat Information for this report was provided by key Ayod Yuai violence on the border between Greater informants in the Mingkaman Spontaneous ETHOPA Akobo and Ulang County may have increased Duk Duk Padiet Akobo Akobo Settlement, Bor and Juba PoC sites, Bor Town, County ror the risk of travel on this key transit route. County County Akobo Town, as well as in Nyal, throughout the Pochalla Given that routes tracing the river Sobat, either Twic East County second quarter of 2018. County from Upper Nile to Akobo, or from Akobo to LAES Bor South Ethiopia, are used by populations fleeing both The first phase of the assessment methodology County comprised a participatory mapping exercise to food insecurity and conflict, the increased Pibor map the relevant settlements in Jonglei State. Pibor intercommunal violence therefore may have Bor County JONGLE In-depth interviews were then conducted with limited the capacity of vulnerable populations selected participants, using a standardised to flee areas where they are unsafe or are 2 survey tool comprising questions on WESTERN unable to meet their needs. In each month during the second quarter, West area reported fleeing these locations displacement trends, population needs and EATORA EASTERN Akobo County reported the highest proportion due to insecurity and fear of being attacked Displacement within Nyirol County access to basic services. EATORA of assessed settlementsJuba hosting IDPs of by armed groups. Intercommunal cattle While displacement from Nyirol to locations in After data collection was completed, all all assessed counties in Jonglei State. This raiding in Chuil, Nyirol County in May also the Greater Akobo area continued in the second data was examined at the settlement level, is indicative CENTRALof sustained displacement,Torit led to displacement to Akobo Town, with FGD quarter of 2018, intercommunal violence also Yei EATORA and settlements were assigned the modal predominantly from locations within the participants reportedly travelling via Lankien gave rise to internal displacement within the response. Descriptive statistics and geospatial Greater Akobo area. This displacement was and Akobo West, beforeENYA reaching Akobo county to areas such as Lankien. Reports analysis were then used to analyse the data. driven by conflict, with clashes betweenGANDA armed Town. Reports from FGD participants indicate from humanitarian actors on the ground Due to access/operational constraints which groups breaking out in locations in Greater secondary displacement of IDPs originally indicated a large influx of IDPs into Lankien in may impact on coverage in each month, Akobo in April, including an outbreak of fighting displaced following a cattle raid in Puokbor May following an outbreak of intercommunal some changes over time reported in the between armed groups in Akobo town itself. village in February, who were then forced to violence in Chuil Payam, increasing the IDP situation overview might be due to variations flee again following the cattle raid in Yakuach However, worsening food security conditions population in areas surrounding Lankien in coverage. village, Nyirol County. were also a contributing factor for the following previous displacements from displacement, with newly arrived FGD The overwhelming majority of IDPs in Akobo Puokbor and conflict affected locations in Uror, to worsening food security conditions with the participants from Nyirol County interviewed County are from the Greater Akobo area, with a rapid assessment in March reporting an 3 onset of the peak lean season. in Akobo town citing lack of food among with all assessed settlements hosting IDPs IDP presence of over 18,000 IDPs. However, it should be noted that a headcount in Lankien Displacement within Jonglei the primary reasons for their displacement. in Akobo reporting that the majority of most Reflective of persistent insecurity in locations recently arrived IDPs were from Jonglei in in June found the distribution caseload in Displacement within Greater Akobo to surrounding Waat town in Nyirol County, FGD June. A smaller number of IDPs from Upper Lankien to have decreased since the previous Akobo Town participants from Waat Payam and the Akobo Nile were displaced to Akobo following clashes registration in 2016, indicative of sustained 2 REACH, Situation Overview: Displacement Wanding and Kier, Ulang, Upper Nile State, January 2017. 2 3 Initial Rapid Needs Assessment, Lankien, Nyirol County, 3rd March 2018. displacement out of Nyirol County, even as outbreak of intercommunal conflict in the Figure 2: Most reported reasons for leaving Akobo food assistance presents a concern as the for locations in Ethiopia in June 2018: IDPs continued to arrive in Lankien during the first quarter with sporadic incidents of