SCHOOL OF DIVINITY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY
ACADEMIC SESSION 2013-2014
HI 304S: Scotland: A Sociological History 30 Credits – 12 Weeks
PLEASE NOTE CAREFULLY: The full set of School regulations and procedures is contained in the Undergraduate Student Handbook which is available online at your MyAberdeen page. Students are expected to familiarise themselves not only with the contents of this leaflet but also with the contents of the Handbook. Therefore, ignorance of the contents of the Handbook will not excuse the breach of any school regulation or procedure. You must familiarise yourself with this important information at the earliest opportunity.
COURSE CO-ORDINATOR Professor Andrew Blaikie Contacts: telephone 01224 272765 or email [email protected]. Office hours are by prior appointment.
DISCIPLINE ADMINISTRATION Mrs Barbara McGillivray/Mrs Gillian Brown 50-52 College Bounds Room CB LG01
01224 272199/272454 [email protected]
TIMETABLE Please refer to the portal/MyAberdeen
Students can view the University Calendar at http://www.abdn.ac.uk/students/13027.php
COURSE DESCRIPTION This course provides a thematic interpretation of one country by relating relevant social theories to questions of nationhood, identity and culture and considering the cultural impact of economic and social change from the mid-eighteenth century to the present day. How might we explain the origins of our understanding of contemporary Scotland? The move to devolution and subsequent debates over independence have thrown questions of national identity into high relief - socially, economically and culturally as
1 well as politically, and assessing what Scotland and Scottishness are today inevitably requires recourse to an historical understanding of the processes of identity formation. In developing a structural and thematic interpretation, this course merges perspectives from both history and sociology: while the experience of one country can be used as a case study to test general theories of social change, equally these theories may be applied to the interpretation of historical evidence. In addressing the impact of historical processes from the mid-eighteenth century to the present day we will assess the validity of different concepts of the nation, while gaining an overview of industrial, political and regional transformations. The myths, images and icons constituting ‘Scottishness’ are examined through studies of the meaning of such pervasive historical ideas as community and its attendant egalitarianism, how these relate to education and religion, and how their robustness is challenged by the disruptions of emigration and immigration. While a sense of national distinctiveness has been built upon apparent social and cultural differences from England, these are laid open to question, as is the construction of a selective Scottish heritage somewhat removed from historical realities. Ultimately, the course asks how it is that we have come to know ourselves as Scots and others.
COURSE AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
The course has the following purposes:
to provide a framework for the sociological interpretation of modern Scottish history to raise such fundamental problems in history as:
the nature of a nation; the origins of nationalism and the dynamics of ethnic conflict; the shifting character of social and national identities; the relations between economic, social and cultural change; the relations between social reality, ideologies and images
It also aims:
student participation in seminars opportunities for teamwork in seminars and presentations -management, self-learning and initiative through the allocation of assignments
Practical skills fostered by the course include the ability:
• to demonstrate a detailed appreciation of the recent historical scholarship in connection with a chosen essay topic; • to give an oral presentation on a specific topic; • to retain, recall and apply relevant information in examination conditions
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This course should help to cement and refine important transferable skills including the ability:
• to listen carefully to others; • to speak to a group and lead a discussion; • to read attentively and effectively; • to take effective notes; • to organize your studies to make effective use of library and Internet resources; • to synthesise a range of information; • to evaluate claims by judging the quality of evidence offered in support; • to construct and present coherent arguments, expressing complex ideas concisely and intelligibly, both orally and in writing; • to develop teamwork skills required for effective interaction in a seminar situation; • to motivate oneself to work autonomously and to meet deadlines; • to provide and receive academic criticism in a constructive fashion
The course will encourage the development of analytical skills by introducing you to the use, criticism and comparison of sources.
TEACHING AND LEARNING METHODS
For each topic there will be one weekly lecture with a seminar the following week. Attendance is compulsory and will be monitored. Failure to attend may result in the withdrawal of your Class Certificate.
You will be expected to have read and digested at least two readings for each theme and to demonstrate additional reading beyond this from the bibliography below. You should come to each seminar with sufficient notes to engage in group work and general discussion. The one-hour meeting is a formal lecture presentation by the course co-ordinator. The two-hour seminar incorporates student presentations, discussions in groups of aspects of the week’s theme, and a more general class discussion based on each group presenting a summary of its discussion to the class.
Presentation and Essay Deadlines
In order to spread student demand for library material, the timing and presentation of essays will be structured as follows. At the first meeting of the course a rota will be agreed so that for each seminar members of the group will make brief presentations from notes, of 15-20 minutes each, as preliminary answers to the seminar question. After the seminar, those students have two weeks to write up their formal, 3,000 word essay addressing the same question. In this way, the presenters get a chance to discuss their ideas with the group before writing them up. Please do not write the essay first and then read it out at the seminar. If you do that, you will gain nothing from the discussion and you will bore to death the rest of the group. Students are encouraged to use PowerPoint in their presentations. Each student will make one presentation during the course and thus write one long essay.
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LECTURE AND SEMINAR SCEDULE
Please note that for each theme, the lecture will be on a Thursday, with the relevant related seminar on the following Tuesday. It is essential that you complete your reading and preparation before the seminar.
Week 1 (12)*: Tues Meeting Introduction to the course; organise rota of presentations; election of class representatives
Thurs L(ecture) Images of Scotland
Week 2: Tues S(eminar) Short film and discussion. What elements of identity have been omitted from conventional portrayals of Scottishness?
Thurs L Nationalism and national identity
Week 3: Tues S What is a nation and what are the origins of nationalism?
Thurs L The Highlands and rural Lowlands
Week 4: Tues S Why have theories of economic development failed to explain or predict occupational and social changes in Northern Scotland?
Thurs L Industrial Scotland
Week 5: Tues S What have been the major changes since 1900 in Scottish industrial capital and labour?
Thurs L Myths of community
Week 6: Tues S How do myths of past community sustain Scottish national identity?
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Thurs L Education and emigration
Week 7: Tues S Reading week: no seminar
Thurs L Reading week: no lecture
Week 8: Tues S Have geographical and social mobility strengthened or weakened claims of Scots egalitarianism?
Thurs L Immigration and religion
Week 9: Tues S Does the history of immigration suggest Scotland has become a more multicultural society?
Thurs L Political identities
Week 10: Tues S Whose identities and interests have the political parties served?
Thurs L Heritage and history
Week 11: Tues S Does it matter that Scotland’s heritage has been selective?
Thurs L Scotland as an understated nation
Week 12: Tues S What elements of nationhood have made Scotland different from Britain?
Thurs Meeting Revision discussion
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SEMINAR READINGS AND SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Each theme has several readings. You will be expected to read two or more these items for each class. Reading is an essential part of any course and will deepen your understanding and enjoyment of the period and the discipline of history. The select bibliography (below) provides points of departure for further reading on the topics covered in the course and is supplemented by the topics covered in essays. The footnotes and bibliographies of these books and articles are two sources of further reading; the search-features of the library catalogue, browsing the open shelves, and consulting the course co-ordinator are other ways forward. A major outcome of a university education should be an ability to find information on any topic within your field. You are encouraged to show initiative in developing this ability.
General texts Several texts cover the broad history or historical sociology of modern Scotland, and particularly the twentieth century. The ones below have been selected for one of two reasons.
First, books that cover a range of material relevant to the course. Sections from these volumes are indicated as readings for particular topics and are noted in the weekly lists provided:
McCrone, David (2001), Understanding Scotland: the Sociology of a Nation. Second Edition. London: Routledge. PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU HAVE THE SECOND EDITION (2001). [Key text since it provides a sociological interpretation linking modern Scottish history to social and cultural understanding of the present day.]
Blaikie, Andrew (2010), The Scots Imagination and Modern Memory. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press [Develops sociological ideas relevant to course themes of nationhood, community, imagery, modernisation and heritage].
Devine, T.M. and Finlay, R., eds (1996), Scotland in the 20th Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. [Each chapter provides an overview of trends in a specific area of Scottish society – e.g. the economy or gender or education - over the past century.]
Devine, T.M. (2006), The Scottish Nation, 1700-2007. London: Penguin. [General conspectus of change over three centuries, divided thematically.]
Macdonald, Catriona (2009), Whaur Extremes Meet: Scotland’s Twentieth Century. Edinburgh: John Donald. [Highly readable overview which, as the title suggests, focuses upon points of tension and diversity.]
Second, recent works that cover the broad sweep of twentieth-century history but in thematically novel ways:
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Cameron, Ewen (2010), Impaled Upon a Thistle: Scotland since 1880. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Finlay, Richard (2004), Modern Scotland, 1914-2000. London: Profile Books.
You may also find these books helpful:
Dickson, A. And Treble, J.H., eds (1992), People and Society in Scotland. Vol. III, 1914-1990. Edinburgh: John Donald [Similar in style and scope to Devine and Finlay above].
Harvie, Christopher (1981), No Gods and Precious Few Heroes: Scotland, 1914-1980. London: Edward Arnold. [Interestingly pessimistic pre-devolution take on Scotland’s national decline.]
Images of Scotland
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 1 and Ch 6.
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, pp. 74-82.
Edensor, Tim (2002), National Identity, Popular Culture and Everyday Life. Oxford: Berg, Ch 5 ‘Representing the nation: Scottishness and Braveheart’.
Gardiner, Michael (2005), Modern Scottish Culture. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Rosie, George (1992), 'Museumry and the Heritage Industry', in I. Donnachie and C. Whatley, eds, The Manufacture of Scottish History. Edinburgh: Polygon, pp. 157- 170.
SEE ALSO: Scottish Cultural Resources Access Network (SCRAN): www.scran.ac.uk - a particularly valuable resource for a wide range of photographic and film images.
Nationalism and national identity
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 2.
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, Ch 1.
McCrone, David (2002), ‘Scotland Small? Making Sense of Nations in the 21st Century’. Access at http://www.institute-of- governance.org/publications/working_papers/scotland_small_making_sense
Anderson, Benedict (1991), Imagined Communities. London: Verso.
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Bell, Duncan (2003), ‘Mythscapes: Memory, Mythology, and National Identity’, British Journal of Sociology, 54 (1), pp. 63-81.
Brown, Alice, McCrone, David and Paterson, Lindsay (1998), 'Ethnicity, Culture and Identity', pp. 189-213 in A. Brown et al, Politics and Society in Scotland. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.
Broun, Dauvit (1998), ‘Defining Scotland and the Scots Before the Wars of Independence’, in D. Broun, R. Finlay and M. Lynch, eds, Image and Identity: the Making and Remaking of Scotland through the Ages. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 4–17.
Edensor, Tim (2002), National Identity, Popular Culture and Everyday Life. Oxford: Berg.
Foster, John (1989), 'Nationality, Social Change and Class: Transformations of National Identity in Scotland', pp. 31-52 in D. McCrone et al, eds, The Making of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press [HD and 3L].
Gellner, Ernest (1983), Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell - see esp. 'Definitions', 'The Transition to Nationalism', 'What is a Nation?' and 'Conclusion'.
Harvie, Christopher (1994), Scotland and Nationalism. London: Routledge (Second edition).
Hobsbawm, Eric (1992), Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kiely, Richard, et al (2005), Birth, Blood and Belonging: Identity Claims in Post- Devolution Scotland’, Sociological Review, 53 (1), pp. 150-71.
Nairn, Tom (1977), The Break-Up of Britain. London: Verso.
Paterson, Lindsay (1994), The Autonomy of Modern Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Renan, Ernest (1990 [1882]), ‘What is a Nation?’, pp. 8-22 in Homi Bhabha, ed., Nation and Narration. New York: Routledge.
A choice of works by Anthony Smith:
Smith, Anthony (1971), Theories of Nationalism. London: Duckworth.
Smith, Anthony (1979), Nationalism in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Martin Robertson.
Smith, Anthony. D. (1991), 'National and Other Identities' and 'The Ethnic Basis of National Identity' in his National Identity. Harmondsworth; Penguin.
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Smith, Anthony (1996), ‘Memory and modernity: reflections on Ernest Gellner's theory of nationalism’, Nations and Nationalism, 2 (3), pp. 371-388.
Smith, Anthony (1999), Myths and Memories of the Nation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Smith, Anthony (1999), ‘History and Modernity: Reflections on the Theory of Nationalism’, in David Boswell and Jessica Evans, eds, Representing the Nation : A Reader, Ch3.
Smith, Anthony (2001) Nationalism: Theory, Ideology, History (Cambridge: Polity).
The Highlands and rural Lowlands
For an explanation of modernization, see: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/387301/modernization
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 3 (pp 54-70).
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, Ch 6.
John A. Burnett (2011), The Making of the Modern Scottish Highlands, 1939-1965. Dublin: Four Courts. See also my review of this book at: http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/1238 Carter, Ian (1971), ‘Economic models and the history of the Highlands’, Scottish Studies, 15, pp. 99-120.
Carter, Ian (1979), Farm Life in North-east Scotland, 1840-1914. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Clark, G. (1983), 'Rural Land Use from c. 1870', pp. 217-38 in G. Whittington and I. D. Whyte, eds, An Historical Geography of Scotland. New York: Academic Press.
Devine, T. M. (1994), Clanship to Crofters’ War: The Social Transformation of the Scottish Highlands. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Hechter, Michael (1975), Internal Colonialism: the Celtic Fringe in British National Development, 1536-1966. London: Routledge.
Jedrej, Charles and Nuttall, Mark (1996), 'The Meanings of Counterstream Migration in Scotland', pp. 9-28 in C. Jedrej and M. Nuttall, White Settlers: the Impact of Rural Repopulation in Scotland. Luxembourg: Harwood Academic Publishers.
Newby, Howard (1979), 'Rural England: Polarization and Eclipse', pp. 271-82 in his Green and Pleasant Land? : Social Change in Rural England. Harmondsworth: Penguin [Written about England, but equally, if not more, relevant to Scotland].
Newlands, D., Danson, M. and McCarthy, J., eds (2004), Divided Scotland? The Nature, Causes and Consequences of Economic Disparities within Scotland. Aldershot: Ashgate.
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Richards, Eric (2007), Debating the Highland Clearances. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Scottish Executive (2005), National Statistics - Rural Scotland: Key Facts 2011: People and Communities, Services and Lifestyle, Economy and Enterprise. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive (Download from http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2011/09/29133747/0)
Crofting
Cameron, Ewen (1996), ‘The Scottish Highlands: from Congested District to Objective One, pp. 153-69 in T.M. Devine and R.J. Finlay, eds, Scotland in the Twentieth Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Ennew, Judith (1980), The Western Isles Today. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hunter, James (1978), The Making of the Crofting Community. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Hunter, James (1991), The Claim of Crofting: the Scottish Highlands and Islands, 1930-1990. Edinburgh: Mainstream.
Jack, Ian (1988), 'The Hebrides', pp. 159-80 in his Before the Oil Ran Out. London: Fontana.
Oil and Shetland
Cohen, Anthony (1978), 'Oil and the Cultural Account: Reflections on a Shetland Community', Scottish Journal of Sociology, 3 (1), pp. 129-42.
Byron, Reginald (1983), 'Oil and Changing Concepts of Community in Burra Isle, Shetland', International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 3 (3), pp. 47-54.
Wills, Jonathan (1991), A Place in the Sun. Edinburgh: Mainstream. Esp. Chs 1, 2, and 7-9.
On the historiography of oil in Scotland more generally, see:
Harvie, Christopher (1994), Fool's Gold: the Story of North Sea Oil. London: Hamish Hamilton.
Knox, P.L. and Cottam, M. B. (1981), 'North Sea Oil and the Quality of Life', International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 1 (3), pp. 70-84.
And, as early examples of apprehensiveness about the likely impact of oil see:
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Shapiro, Dan (1978), 'The Industrial Relations of Oil', Scottish Journal of Sociology, 3 (1), pp. 1-20; and a number of other oil-related papers collected in Ron Parsler and Dan Shapiro,eds (1980), The Social Impact of Oil in Scotland. Aldershot: Gower; and Moore, Robert (1982), The Social Impact of Oil. London: RKP.
Industrial Scotland
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Chs 3(pp. 70-77) and 4 (pp. 81-90). See also Ch 1.
Macdonald, Whaur Extremes Meet, Part One: ‘In the Shadow of the Crane – Scotland’s Economy’, pp. 11-97.
Brown, Alice, McCrone, David and Paterson, Lindsay (1998) 'The Scottish Economy', pp. 69-92 in A. Brown et al , Politics and Society in Scotland. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
Butt, John (1985) 'The Changing Character of Urban Employment 1901-1981', pp. 212-235 in G. Gordon, ed., Perspectives of the Scottish City. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press.
Cameron, Ewen (2010) Impaled Upon a Thistle: Scotland since 1880 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press), Ch 10.
Dickson, Tony (1980), Scottish Capitalism. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Firn, John (1975), 'External Control and Regional Policy', pp. 153-69 in Gordon Brown, ed., The Red Paper on Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Students Publication Board.
Gallacher, Roddy (1982), 'The Vale of Leven 1914-75: Changes in Working Class Organization and Action', pp. 186-211 in T. Dickson, ed., Capital and Class in Scotland. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Ianelli, C. and Paterson, L. (2006) ‘Social Mobility in Scotland since the Middle of the Twentieth Century’, Sociological Review, 54 (3), pp. 520-545.
Lee, Clive (1995), Scotland and the United Kingdom: the Economy and the Union in the Twentieth Century. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
MacInnes, John (1995) ‘The De-industrialisation of Glasgow’, Scottish Affairs, 11, pp. 73-95.
Payne, P. L. (1985) ‘The Decline of the Scottish Heavy Industries, 1945-1983, in R. Saville, ed., Economic Development of Modern Scotland. 1950-1980. Edinburgh: John Donald, pp. 163-182.
Payne, P.L. (1996), ‘The Economy’, in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 2.
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Scott, John and M. Hughes (1980), The Anatomy of Scottish Capital. London: Croom Helm.
Dickson, Tony (1989), 'Scotland is Different, OK?', pp. 53-69 in D. McCrone et al (eds), The Making of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Paterson, Lindsay, Bechhofer, Frank and McCrone, David (2004), Living in Scotland: Social and Economic Change since 1980. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Wight, Daniel (1994), Workers not Wasters: Masculine Respectability, Consumption and Unemployment in Central Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Myths of community
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 6.
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, Chs 4 and 7.
Carter, Ian (1976), 'Kailyard: the Literature of Decline in Nineteenth Century Scotland', Scottish Journal of Sociology, 1(1), pp. 1-13.
Carter, Ian (1981), 'The Changing Image of the Scottish Peasantry, 1745-1980', pp. 9-15 in R. Samuel, ed., People's History and Socialist Theory. London: Routledge.
Chapman, D. (1997), ‘Designer Kailyard’, in D. Gifford and D. Macmillan, eds, A History of Scottish Women’s Writing (Edinburgh University Press), pp. 536-48.
Craig, Cairns (1999), The Modern Scottish Novel: Narrative and the National Imagination. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Donaldson, William (1986), 'A Prophet ... and from Galilee: the Novels of William Alexander', pp. 101-144, and 'Swallowed up in London: a View of the Kailyard', pp. 145-50, in his Popular Literature in Victorian Scotland: Language, Fiction and the Press. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press.
Littlejohn, James (1963), 'The Parish and the Town', pp. 138-55 in his Westrigg: the Sociology of a Cheviot Parish. London: RKP.
McCrone, David, Morris, Angela and Kiely, Richard (1995), Scotland - the Brand: the Making of Scottish Heritage. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 61-72.
McIlvanney, William (1991), ‘Where Greta Garbo Wouldn’t Have Been Alone’, in his Surviving the Shipwreck. Edinburgh: Mainstream, pp. 163-84.
Noble, Andrew (1985), ‘Urbane Silence: Scottish Writing and the Nineteenth Century City’, in G. Gordon, ed., Perspectives on the Scottish City. .Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press, pp. 64–90.
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On Tönnies see:
Tönnies, Ferdinand (1887) Community and Society. Accessible at: http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Community_and_Society.html?id=sKcITieRERYC&redir_esc=y and summarized very briefly at: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/228066/Gemeinschaft-and-Gesellschaft
Education and emigration
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 4.
Macdonald, Whaur Extremes Meet, Ch 7.
Devine, The Scottish Nation, pp. 91-100 and 389-412 (Education).
Devine, The Scottish Nation, pp. 468-485 (Emigration).
Devine, The Scottish Nation, pp. 618-630 (Empire).
Anderson, Robert D. (1983), Educational Opportunity in Victorian Scotland. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Anderson, Robert D. (1985), 'In Search of the "Lad of Parts": the Mythical History of Scottish Education', History Workshop Journal, 19, pp. 82-104.
Anderson, Robert D. (1995), Education and the Scottish People, 1750-1918. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bueltmann, Tanja (2011), Scottish Ethnicity and the Making of New Zealand Society, 1850-1930. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Brown, Sally, (1990) 'Management of Education and Social Welfare in Scotland: the Place of Women.' Scottish Journal of Adult Education, 9(3), pp. 3-13.
Checkland, Olive and Checkland, Sydney (1989), 'The Outward Impact: the Empire and Beyond', pp. 155-64 in their Industry and Ethos, Scotland 1832-1914. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Corr, Helen, (1998) ‘Where is the Lass o’ Parts?: Gender, Identity and Education in Nineteenth-Century Scotland’, Chapter 11 in D. Brown, R .J. Finlay and M. Lynch, eds., Image and Identity: The Making and Re-making of Scotland through the Ages. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Davie, George Elder (1961) The Democratic Intellect: Scotland and Her Universities in the Nineteenth Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
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Gerver, Elizabeth and Hart, Lesley, (1991) Strategic Women: How do They Manage in Scotland? Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press.
Gray, Malcolm (1990), Scots on the Move: Scots Migrants, 1750-1914. Dundee: Economic and Social History Society of Scotland.
Howson, Alex (1993), ‘No Gods and Precious Few Women’, Scottish Affairs, 2, pp. 37-49.
Hargreaves, J. D. (1982), Aberdeenshire to Africa: Northeast Scots and British Overseas Expansion. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press.
Harper, Marjory (1998), Emigration from Scotland between the Wars: Opportunity or Exile? Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Harper, Marjory (2003), Adventurers and Exiles: the Great Scottish Exodus, 1790- 1914. London: Profile Books.
Harper, Marjory (2012), Scotland No More? The Scots who Left Scotland in the 20th Century. Edinburgh: Luath Press.
Hills, Leslie, (1990), 'The Senga Syndrome: Reflections on Twenty One Years in Scottish Education', pp. 148-66 in F. M. S. Paterson and J. Fewell, Girls in their Prime: Scottish Education Revisited. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press.
Ianelli, C. and Paterson, L. (2006) ‘Social Mobility in Scotland since the Middle of the Twentieth Century’, Sociological Review, 54 (3), pp. 520-45.
Kelly, Ellen (1992), 'The Future of Women in Scottish Local Government', Scottish Affairs 1, pp. 66-77.
Lothian Women in Education Group (1990), 'Promoting Men: Women, Power and Schooling' , pp. 131-47 in F. M. S. Paterson and J. Fewell, Girls in their Prime: Scottish Education Revisited. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press [3L]
Breitenbach, Esther and Wasoff, Fran (2007), A Gender Audit of Statistics: Comparing the Position of Women and Men in Scotland. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive. Ch 3: Education and Training. Accessible at: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/172901/0048232.pdf
MacLaren, A. A. (1976), 'Introduction: An Open Society ?', pp. 1-11 in A. A. MacLaren, ed., Social Class in Scotland: Past and Present. Edinburgh: John Donald.
McIvor , Arthur (1996), ‘Gender Apartheid? Women in Scottish Society’, in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 10.
Paterson , Lindsay (1996), ‘Liberation or Control: What are the Scottish Education Traditions of the Twentieth Century?’, in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 12.
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Women's Claim of Right Group (1991), A Woman's Claim of Right in Scotland: Women, Representation and Politics. Edinburgh: Polygon.
Immigration and religion
Religion and Sectarianism
Bradley, J. M. (2006), ‘Sport and the Contestation of Ethnic Identity: Football and Irishness in Scotland’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 32 (7), pp.1189-1208.
Bradley, J. M. (2004), ‘Orangeism in Scotland: Unionism, Politics, Identity and Football’, Eire – Ireland: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Irish Studies, 39 (1-2), pp. 237-261.
Bruce, Steve (1992), 'Out of the ghetto: the Ironies of Acceptance', Innes Review, XLIII, pp. 146-53.
Bruce, Steve, Glendinning, Tony, Paterson, Iain and Rosie, Michael (2004), Sectarianism in Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Devine, T.M., ed. (2000), Scotland’s Shame? Bigotry and Sectarianism in Modern Scotland. Edinburgh: Mainstream.
Flint, J. And Kelly, J., eds (2013), Bigotry, Football and Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Gallagher, Tom (1987), Glasgow: the Uneasy Peace. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Gallagher, Tom (1991), 'In Search of Identity', pp 19-43 in Tom Devine, ed., Irish Immigrants and Scottish Society in the Nineteenth Century. Edinburgh: John Donald.
Gallagher, Tom (1981), 'Catholics in Scottish Politics', Bulletin of Scottish Politics, Spring, pp. 21-43.
Horne, J. (1995) ‘Racism, Sectarianism and Football in Scotland’, Scottish Affairs, 12
McCaffrey, J .F. (1983). ‘Roman Catholics in Scotland in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries’, Records of The Scottish Church History Society, 21, 2.
McFarland, Elaine (1989), Protestants First. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Maver, Irene (1996) ‘The Catholic Community’, pp. 269-84 in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 14.
Murray, Bill (1984), The Old Firm: Sectarianism, Sport and Society in Scotland. Edinburgh: John Donald [HD].
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Walker, Graham (1996) ‘Varieties of Scottish Protestant Identity’, Ch 13 in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century.
Scotland's Ethnic Minorities
Devine, The Scottish Nation, pp. 486-522.
Abrams, Nathan (2009),Caledonian Jews: A Study of Seven Small Communities in Scotland. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co., Inc.
Braber, Ben (2007), Jews in Glasgow 1879-1939: Immigration and Integration. Edgware: Vallentine Mitchell. Colpi, T. (1986), ‘The Italian migration to Scotland: Fact, fiction and the future’, in M. Dutto, ed., The Italians in Scotland: their Language and Culture. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Findlay, A. M., Hoy, C. and Stockdale, A. (2004), ‘In What Sense English? An Exploration of English Migrant Identities and Identification’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30 (1), pp. 59-79. (Available at http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a713624094~frm=titlelin k) Kiely, R., Bechhofer, F., Stewart, R. and McCrone, D. (2001), ‘The Markers and Rules of Scottish National Identity’, Sociological Review, 49 (1), pp. 33-55.
Handley, J. (1943), The Irish in Scotland, Cork: Cork University Press.
Hopkins, Peter (2007), ‘“Blue Squares”, “Proper” Muslims and Transnational Networks: Narratives of National and Religious Identities Amongst Young Muslim men Living in Scotland’, Ethnicities, 7, pp. 61-81.
Hussain, A. and Miller, W. (2006) ‘Islamophobia and Anglophobia in Post-Devolution Scotland’, in C. Bromley et al, eds, Has Devolution Delivered? Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Hussain, A. and Miller, W. (2004), 'Anglophobia and Islamophobia in Scotland', ESRC Devolution Programme Discussion Papers, 24. (Available at http://www.devolution.ac.uk/Discussion_papers.htm)
Maan, Bashir (1992), The New Scots: the Story of Asians in Scotland. Edinburgh: John Donald.
McIntosh, I., Sim, D. and Robertson, D. (2004) ‘“We Hate the English, Except for You, Cos You’re Our Pal”: Identification of the “English” in Scotland’, Sociology, 38 (1), pp. 43-59.
Saeed, A., Blain, N.and Forbes, D. (1999), ‘New Ethnic and National Questions in Scotland: Post-British Identities among Glasgow Pakistani Teenagers’, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 22, pp. 821-44.
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Watson, Murray (2003), Being English in Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
For statistics see: Equality in Scotland – Ethnic Minorities (2000) Accessible at: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/159168/0043299.pdf
Political identities
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Chs 5 and 7.
Macdonald, Whaur Extremes Meet, Chs 8, 9 and 10.
Bennie, Lynn, Brand, Jack and Mitchell, James (1997), How Scotland Votes. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Bond, Ross (2006) ‘Becoming and Belonging: National Identity and Exclusion’, Sociology, 40 (4), pp. 609-26.
Bond, Ross and Rosie, Michael (2002) ‘National Identities in Post-Devolution Scotland’, Scottish Affairs, 40, pp. 34-53. OR Institute of Governance, University of Edinburgh Working Paper (2008) National Identities in Post Devolution Scotland . (Available at: http://www.institute-of- governance.org/publications/working_papers/national_identities_in_post_devolution_ scotland
Brand, J., Mitchell, J. and Surridge P. (1994) ‘Social Constituency and Ideological Profile: Scottish Nationalism in the 1990s’, Political Studies, Vol. 42, pp. 616-29.
Brown, Alice, McCrone, David and Paterson, Lindsay (1998) ‘Electoral change and Political Attitudes’ pp. 143-163 in A. Brown et al , Politics and Society in Scotland. Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.
Cameron, Ewen (2010), Impaled Upon a Thistle: Scotland since 1880. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Chs 11-14.
Curtice, John and Ormston, Rachel (2011) British Social Attitudes 28th Report, Ch 2 Devolution (pp.21-36). (Available at: http://ir2.flife.de/data/natcen-social- research/igb_html/index.php?bericht_id=1000001&index=&lang=ENG)
Finlay, Richard (1996), ‘Continuity and Change: Scottish Politics, 1900-45’, in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 4.
Harvie, Christopher (1981), No Gods and Precious Few Heroes: Scotland, 1914-1980. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 88-116.
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Kellas, James (1989), The Scottish Political System, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Ch 6.
McCrone, David (2002), ‘National Identity in Scotland’, Institute of Governance Briefing Paper. (Available at http://www.institute-of- governance.org/onlinepub/mccrone/bp_scottish_identity.html)
Miller, W. L. (1981), The End of British Politics? Scots and English Political Behaviour in the Seventies. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Mitchell , James (1996), ‘Scotland in the Union, 1945-95: the Changing Nature of the Union State’, in Devine and Finlay, Scotland in the Twentieth Century, Ch 5.
Mitchell, James and Bennie, Lynn (1996), ‘Thatcherism and the Scottish Question’ in British Parties and Elections Yearbook 1995. London: Frank Cass
Nairn, Tom (2000), After Britain: New Labour and the Return of Scotland. London: Granta.
Paterson, Lindsay et al (2001), New Scotland, New Politics? Edinburgh: Polygon
Paterson, L. (2004) ‘Sources of Support for the SNP’. (Available at: http://www.institute-of- governance.org/publications/working_papers/sources_of_support_for_the_snp)
Heritage and history
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 6.
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, Ch 5.
Basu, Paul (2007), Highland Homecomings: Genealogy and Heritage-Tourism in the Scottish Highland Diaspora. London: Routledge.
Bruce, S. And Yearley, S. (1989), ‘The Social Construction of Tradition: the Restoration Portraits and the Kings of Scotland’, pp. 175-188 in D. McCrone, S. Kendrick and P.Straw, eds, The Making of Scotland: Nation, Culture and Social Change. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Devine, T. M. (1994), ‘The making of Highlandism, 1746-1822’, Ch 6 in his Clanship to Crofters’ War: The Social Transformation of the Scottish Highlands. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp.84-99.
Devine, The Scottish Nation, pp. 231-245.
Durie, Alastair J. (2004) Scotland for the Holidays? Tourism in Scotland c. 1780- 1939. Edinburgh: Tuckwell Press.
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Edensor, Tim (2002), National Identity, Popular Culture and Everyday Life. Oxford: Berg, especially Ch 5: ‘Representing the nation: Scottishness and Braveheart’, pp.139-70. OR Edensor, Tim (1997), ‘Reading Braveheart: Representing and Contesting Scottish Identity’, Scottish Affairs, 21, pp. 135-58].
Gold, John R. and Margaret M. (1995), Imagining Scotland: Tradition, Representation and Promotion in Scottish Tourism since 1750. Aldershot: Scolar Press.
Hardy, Forsyth (1990), Scotland in Film. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Jarvie, Grant (1991), Highland Games: the Making of the Myth . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Kane, Pat (1992), Tinsel Show: Pop, Politics, Scotland. Edinburgh: Polygon ['Scotland' section].
MacDonald, Sharon (1997), Reimagining Culture: Histories, Identities and Gaelic Renaissance. Oxford: Berg.
MacDonald, Sharon (1997), ‘A People’s Story: Heritage, Identity and Authenticity’, in C. Rojek and J. Urry, eds, Touring Cultures: Transformations of Travel and Theory. London: Routledge, pp. 155-75.
MacInnes, John (1992), 'The Press in Scotland', Scottish Affairs, 1, pp. 137-49.
MacInnes, John (1993), 'The Broadcast Media in Scotland', Scottish Affairs, 2, pp. 84-98.
McCrone, David, Morris, Angela and Kiely, Richard (1995), Scotland - the Brand: the Making of Scottish Heritage. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Rosie, George (1992), 'Museumry and the Heritage Industry', in I. Donnachie and C. Whatley, eds., The Manufacture of Scottish History. Edinburgh: Polygon, pp. 157- 170.
Smout, T. C. (1991), 'The Highlands and the Roots of Green Consciousness, 1750- 1990', Proceedings of the British Academy, 76, pp. 237-64.
Trevor-Roper, Hugh (1983), 'The Invention of Tradition: The Highland Tradition of Scotland', pp. 15-41 in E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger, eds, The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Womack, Peter (1989), Improvement and Romance: Constructing the Myth of the Highlands. London: Macmillan.
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Scotland as an understated nation
McCrone, Understanding Scotland, Ch 8.
Blaikie, The Scots Imagination, Ch 8.
Ascherson, Neal (2002), Stone Voices: the Search for Scotland. London: Granta Books.
Bechhofer, F. And McCrone, D., eds (2009), National Identity, Nationalism and Constitutional Change. London: Palgrave – see esp. Chs 4 and 6.
Billig, Michael (1995), Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
Bruce, Steve (1993), ‘A Failure of the Imagination: Ethnicity and Nationalism in Scotland’s History’, Scotia, XVII, pp. 1-16.
Cohen, A.P. (2000), ‘Peripheral Vision: Nationalism, National Identity and the Objective Correlative in Scotland’, in A.P. Cohen, ed., Signifying Identities. London: Routledge, pp.145-61.
Herzfeld, Michael (1997), Cultural Intimacy: Social Poetics in the Nation-State. New York and London: Routledge.
Keating, Michael (2001), Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland. London: Palgrave.
McCrone, David (1992), Understanding Scotland, FIRST EDITION, Ch. 3.
McCrone, David (2002), ‘Scotland, Small? Making Sense of Nations in the 21st Century’ (Available at: www. institute-of-governance.org).
McIntosh, I., Sim, D. and Robertson, D. (2004) ‘“We Hate the English, Except for You, Cos You’re Our Pal”: Identification of the “English” in Scotland’, Sociology, 38 (1), pp. 43-59.
Nairn, Tom (2000), After Britain: New Labour and the Return of Scotland. London: Granta.
Paterson, Lindsay (2000), 'Civil Society: Enlightenment Ideal and Demotic Nationalism', Social Text, 18 (4), pp. 109-116.
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ASSESSMENT
Your overall mark for the course will be calculated as follows:
assessment)
-hour written examination (60%)
Resit: one three-hour written examination (100%)
PLEASE NOTE: In order to pass a course at the first attempt, a student must attain a CAS mark of at least 6 (six) on each element of course assessment. Failure to do so will result in a grade of no greater than CAS 8 (eight) for the course as a whole.
The assessment regime has been designed to encourage a combination of breadth, depth and reflection. The seminar allows you to summarize and debate different approaches and interpretations. The essay will require a focused analysis of one aspect of the course. The exam will require a broad understanding of the module as a whole; being an expert on two or three topics will not be enough to secure a good grade.
Essay Writing and Style
Serious deviation from departmental formatting style in end/footnotes or bibliography (see below) will have a negative impact on the mark given to the essay. Students should note that they will be penalized for work that is either too long or two short. Evidence of inadequate proof-reading (such as repeated typographical errors, incomplete sentences, the use of contractions) will have a negative impact on the mark given to the essay.
Footnotes/Endnotes These should be used not only for direct quotations but also to show where specific bits of information (not widely known) have originated as well as ideas, analysis and ways of considering an issue unique to a given author (when you are paraphrasing someone else’s thoughts and ideas). Failure to make adequate use of end/footnotes will have a negative impact on the mark given to the essay.
The first time you reference a source in a footnote/endnote all details should be included. In subsequent references to the same source, you can use a short version including just the author surname, short title, and page number.
Book Robert A. Nye, Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993), 120.
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Short version for subsequent references: Nye, Masculinity, 120.
Edited book Sylvia Paletschek and Bianka Pietrow-Ennker (eds), Women’s Emancipation Movements in the Nineteenth Century: A European Perspective (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004).
Short version: Paletschek and Pietrow-Ennker, Women’s Emancipation Movements, 5.
Chapter in an edited book Michelle Perrot, ‘The Three Ages of Industrial Discipline in Nineteenth-Century France’, in John M. Merriman (ed.), Consciousness and Class Experience in Nineteenth-Century Europe (New York: Holmes and Meier, 1979), 149–68.
Short version: Perrot, ‘The Three Ages’, 161.
Article Karen Offen, ‘The Second Sex and the Baccalauréat in Republican France, 1880– 1924’, French Historical Studies 13 (1983), 252–86.
Short version: Offen, ‘The Second Sex’, 274.
Bibliography Bibliographic entries are listed alphabetically by author/editor surname. Primary sources should appear at the top of your bibliography; these are documents or artefacts from the period under study which historians use as historical evidence (e.g. letters, pamphlets, paintings, philosophical essays, speeches, parliamentary papers, plays...). Underneath the primary sources, create another list for secondary sources; these are works by historians about the period. There is no need to separate books and journal articles that are secondary sources, keep them all in one list. For book entries use full stops rather than brackets around publication details.
Primary sources ‘The Proclamation of the Paris Commune’ (28 March 1871) in William Fortescue, The Third Republic in France, 1870–1940: Conflicts and Continuities. London: Routledge, 2000, 12–13.
Secondary sources Nye, Robert A, Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Offen, Karen, ‘The Second Sex and the Baccalauréat in Republican France, 1880– 1924’, French Historical Studies 13 (1983), 252–86. Paletschek, Sylvia and Bianka Pietrow-Ennker (eds), Women’s Emancipation Movements in the Nineteenth Century: A European Perspective. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.
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Perrot, Michelle, ‘The Three Ages of Industrial Discipline in Nineteenth-Century France’ in John M. Merriman (ed.), Consciousness and Class Experience in Nineteenth-Century Europe. New York: Holmes and Meier, 1979, 149–68.
Websites Full citations should also be given when material has been accessed via the internet. As much of the following information as possible should be provided: Author, ‘Title of Article’,
Research Start research early so that you have plenty of time to consult a wide range of sources, and think deeply about those sources before you commence writing.
•Do use JStor to find articles. •Do spend time browsing the shelves and when you find one particular book you are looking for, see what other books are nearby because they may also be relevant to your research. •Do look closely at the bibliographies in books to see what other sources may be helpful to you. •Do make a record of relevant books and articles as you go along, noting all details for the bibliography of your essay. •Do take notes to help you absorb the material you are reading. Just photocopying pages will eat into your student budget and is not the way to learn.
Checklist before you print the final version of your essay for submission • Have you proofread carefully with attention to paragraphing, spelling, and punctuation? • Do your footnotes/endnotes include all details? (Don’t leave out page numbers!) • Are your bibliographic entries listed alphabetically by author surname? • Have you double-spaced your essay? • Is the font easy to read? (e.g. Arial, Times) • Does your essay look polished and professional? If not, what needs tidying up?
ASSESSMENT DEADLINES
Essays are to be handed in two weeks after the presentation.
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SUBMISSION ARRANGEMENTS
The Department requires ONE hard and ONE electronic copy of all assignments, as follows:
COPY 1: One hard copy together with an Assessment cover sheet, typed and double spaced – this copy should only have your ID number CLEARLY written on the cover sheet, with NO name and NO signature – and should be delivered to the History Department [Drop-off boxes located in CB008, 50-52 College Bounds].
COPY 2: One copy submitted through Turnitin via MyAberdeen.
EXAMINATION
General exam guidance is given in the Student Handbook. The written examination will consist of nine to twelve questions, covering all areas of the course, from which you will be required to answer three. Past exam papers can be viewed at http://www.abdn.ac.uk/library/learning-and- teaching/for-students/exam-papers/
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