Super Pacs’ and Campaigns
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A for the Period Beginning 01/01/2014 and Ending 03/31/2014
A For the period beginning 01/01/2014 and ending 03/31/2014 B Check applicable box: ✔ Initial report Change of address Amended report Final report 1 Name of organization Employer identification number Republican Governors Association 11 - 3655877 2 Mailing address (P.O. box or number, street, and room or suite number) 1747 Pennsylvania NW Suite 250 City or town, state, and ZIP code Washington, DC 20006 3 E-mail address of organization: 4 Date organization was formed: [email protected] 10/04/2002 5a Name of custodian of records 5b Custodian's address Michael G. Adams 1747 Pennsylvania NW Suite 250 Washington, DC 20006 6a Name of contact person 6b Contact person's address Michael G. Adams 1747 Pennsylvania NW Suite 250 Washington, DC 20006 7 Business address of organization (if different from mailing address shown above). Number, street, and room or suite number 1747 Pennsylvania NW Suite 250 City or town, state, and ZIP code Washington, DC 20006 8 Type of report (check only one box) ✔ First quarterly report Monthly report for the month of: (due by April 15) (due by the 20th day following the month shown above, except the Second quarterly report December report, which is due by January 31) (due by July 15) Pre-election report (due by the 12th or 15th day before the election) Third quarterly report (1) Type of election: (due by October 15) (2) Date of election: Year-end report (3) For the state of: (due by January 31) Post-general election report (due by the 30th day after general election) Mid-year report (Non-election (1) Date of election: year only-due by July 31) (2) For the state of: 9 Total amount of reported contributions (total from all attached Schedules A) .......................................................................... -
Coordination Reconsidered
Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2013 Coordination Reconsidered Richard Briffault Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Richard Briffault, Coordination Reconsidered, 113 COLUM. L. REV. SIDEBAR 88 (2013). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/19 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW SIDEBAR VOL. 113 MAY 2, 2013 PAGES 88-101 COORDINATION RECONSIDERED Richard Briffault* At the heart of American campaign finance law is the distinction drawn by the Supreme Court in Buckley v. Valeo between contributions and expenditures. 1 According to the Court, contributions may be limited because they pose the dangers of corruption and the appearance of corruption, but expenditures pose no such dangers and therefore may not be limited. The distinction between the two types of campaign spending turns not on the form-the fact that contributions proceed from a donor to a candidate, while expenditures involve direct efforts to influence the voters-but on whether the campaign practice implicates the corruption concerns that the Court has held justify campaign finance regulation. As a result, not all expenditures are exempt from restriction. 2 Independent expenditures undertaken by an individual or group in support of a candidate or against her opponent are constitutionally protected from limitation. -
Brief of United States Senatorsenatorssss Sheldon Whitehouse and John Mccain As Amici Curiae in Support of Respondents ______
No. 11-1179 IN THE Supreme Court of the United States _______________ AMERICAN TRADITION PARTNERSHIP , INC ., F.K.A. WESTERN TRADITION PARTNERSHIP , INC ., ET AL ., Petitioners, v. STEVE BULLOCK , ATTORNEY GENERAL OF MONTANA , ET AL ., Respondents . _______________ On Petition For A Writ Of Certiorari To The Supreme Court of Montana _______________ BRIEF OF UNITED STATES SENATORSENATORSSSS SHELDON WHITEHOUSE AND JOHN MCCAIN AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS _______________ NEAL KUMAR KATYAL Counsel of Record JUDITH E. COLEMAN HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP 555 Thirteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20004 (202) 637-5528 [email protected] Counsel for Amici Curiae TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ....................................... ii STATEMENT OF INTEREST .................................... 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ..................................... 2 ARGUMENT ............................................................... 3 I. THE MONTANA SUPREME COURT APPLIED THE CORRECT LEGAL STANDARD TO THE FACTUAL RECORD BEFORE IT. ........................................................... 3 II. THE COURT SHOULD IN ALL EVENTS DECLINE PETITIONERS’ INVITATION TO SUMMARILY REVERSE. ............................... 5 A. Political Spending After Citizens United Demonstrates that Coordination and Disclosure Rules Do Not Impose a Meaningful Check on the System. ................... 8 B. Unlimited, Coordinated and Undisclosed Spending Creates a Strong Potential for Quid Pro Quo Corruption. ........ 17 C. The Appearance of Corruption -
The Impact of Organizational Characteristics on Super PAC
The Impact of Organizational Characteristics on Super PAC Financing and Independent Expenditures Paul S. Herrnson University of Connecticut [email protected] Presented at the Meeting of the Campaign Finance Task Force, Bipartisan Policy Center, Washington, DC, April 21, 2017 (revised June 2017). 1 Exe cutive Summa ry Super PACs have grown in number, wealth, and influence since the Supreme Court laid the foundation for their formation in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, and the decisions reached by other courts and the FEC clarified the boundaries of their political participation. Their objectives and activities also have evolved. Super PACs are not nearly as monolithic as they have been portrayed by the media. While it is inaccurate to characterize them as representative of American society, it is important to recognize that they vary in wealth, mission, structure, affiliation, political perspective, financial transparency, and how and where they participate in political campaigns. Organizational characteristics influence super PAC financing, including the sums they raise. Organizational characteristics also affect super PAC independent expenditures, including the amounts spent, the elections in which they are made, the candidates targeted, and the tone of the messages delivered. The super PAC community is not static. It is likely to continue to evolve in response to legal challenges; regulatory decisions; the objectives of those who create, administer, and finance them; and changes in the broader political environment. 2 Contents I. Introduction 3 II. Data and Methods 4 III. Emergence and Development 7 IV. Organizational Characteristics 11 A. Finances 11 B. Mission 14 C. Affiliation 17 D. Financial Transparency 19 E. -
The Rise and Impact of Fact-Checking in U.S. Campaigns by Amanda Wintersieck a Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment O
The Rise and Impact of Fact-Checking in U.S. Campaigns by Amanda Wintersieck A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved April 2015 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Kim Fridkin, Chair Mark Ramirez Patrick Kenney ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2015 ABSTRACT Do fact-checks influence individuals' attitudes and evaluations of political candidates and campaign messages? This dissertation examines the influence of fact- checks on citizens' evaluations of political candidates. Using an original content analysis, I determine who conducts fact-checks of candidates for political office, who is being fact- checked, and how fact-checkers rate political candidates' level of truthfulness. Additionally, I employ three experiments to evaluate the impact of fact-checks source and message cues on voters' evaluations of candidates for political office. i DEDICATION To My Husband, Aza ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to express my sincerest thanks to the many individuals who helped me with this dissertation and throughout my graduate career. First, I would like to thank all the members of my committee, Professors Kim L. Fridkin, Patrick Kenney, and Mark D. Ramirez. I am especially grateful to my mentor and committee chair, Dr. Kim L. Fridkin. Your help and encouragement were invaluable during every stage of this dissertation and my graduate career. I would also like to thank my other committee members and mentors, Patrick Kenney and Mark D. Ramirez. Your academic and professional advice has significantly improved my abilities as a scholar. I am grateful to husband, Aza, for his tireless support and love throughout this project. -
Irving Moskowitz, Controversial Backer of Israeli Settlements, Gives $1 Million to Anti- Obama Super PAC
UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Department of State Case No. F-2014-20439 Doc No. C05794264 Date: 11/30/2015 RELEASE IN PART B6 From: H <[email protected]> Sent: Saturday, April 14, 2012 1:12 PM To: '[email protected]' Subject: Fw: Worth reading. From: sbwhoeop [mailto Sent: Thursday, April 12, 2012 10:25 AM Subject: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/04/12/irving-moskowitz-israeli-settlements-anti-obama-super-pac_n_1416041.html 14161 Blumenthal paulblumenthalnhuffincitonpost.com Irving Moskowitz, Controversial Backer Of Israeli Settlements, Gives $1 Million To Anti- Obama Super PAC Posted: 04/12/2012 9:21 am By Paul Blumenthal WASHINGTON -- Even in the era of unbridled campaign contributions, Irving Moskowitz's $1 million donation in February to American Crossroads, the Karl Rove-linked super PAC, is eye-catching. A retired physician who made a fortune purchasing hospitals and running bingo and casino operations in the economically depressed California town of Hawaiian Gardens, Moskowitz is well- known to those who follow the Israel-Palestine conflict. His contributions to far-right Jewish settler groups, questionable archaeological projects and widespread land purchases in East Jerusalem and the West Bank have routinely inflamed the region over the past four decades and, according to many familiar with the conflict, made him a key obstacle to peace in the Middle East. Now, at age 83, Moskowitz has turned his money on the American political realm in a more prominent fashion than ever before, funding "birther" groups that question the legitimacy of President Barack Obama's U.S. citizenship and others that stoke fears about the president's alleged ties to "radical Islam." Although he has funded Republican politicians and organizations in the past, his $1 million donation to American Crossroads is his biggest contribution to U.S. -
Big Business Ballot Bullies in 2016 State Ballot Initiative Races, Corporate-Backed Groups’ Campaign War Chests Outmatch Their Opposition by an Average of 10-To-1
September 28, 2016 www.citizen.org Big Business Ballot Bullies In 2016 State Ballot Initiative Races, Corporate-Backed Groups’ Campaign War Chests Outmatch Their Opposition by an Average of 10-to-1 Acknowledgments This report was written by Rick Claypool, research director for Public Citizen’s president’s office and edited by Robert Weissman, president of Public Citizen. About Public Citizen Public Citizen is a national nonprofit organization with more than 400,000 members and supporters. We represent consumer interests through lobbying, litigation, administrative advocacy, research, and public education on a broad range of issues including consumer rights in the marketplace, product safety, financial regulation, worker safety, safe and affordable health care, campaign finance reform and government ethics, fair trade, climate change, and corporate and government accountability. Public Citizen 1600 20th St. NW Washington, D.C. 20009 P: 202-588-1000 http://www.citizen.org © 2016 Public Citizen. Public Citizen Big Business Ballot Bullies Table of Contents Key Findings .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Methodology ............................................................................................................................................................................. -
Wimbledon: Second Williams Sister Still in Tourney /B1
Wimbledon: Second Williams sister still in tourney /B1 WEDNESDAY TODAY CITRUS COUNTY & next morning HIGH 85 Very windy; showers LOW likely and a slight chance of storms. 74 PAGE A4 www.chronicleonline.com JUNE 27, 2012 Florida’s Best Community Newspaper Serving Florida’s Best Community 50¢ VOLUME 117 ISSUE 325 NEWS BRIEFS Citrus County Bracing for Debby in state of emergency Due to expected high winds and coastal storm flooding in low-lying areas on the west side of Citrus County, the Board of County Commissioners unanimously voted to de- clare a local State of Emergency for Citrus County. This event declaration will last for seven days. Although no mandatory evacuations have been ordered, emergency man- agement officials are opening a special-needs shelter at the Renais- sance Center in Lecanto at 3630 W. Educational Path, and a pet-friendly/ general population shelter at Lecanto Primary School at 3790 W. Educational Path, Lecanto. Both shelters opened at 7 p.m. Tuesday. More information re- garding shelter openings and evacuations will be activated and distributed through the Citrus County Sheriff’s Office. Citizens may call the Sheriff’s Of- fice Citizen Information Lines at 352-527-2106 or DAVE SIGLER/Chronicle 352-746-5470. Doreen Mylin, owner of Magic Manatee Marina, waits Tuesday night in hopes her husband could move two forklifts away from the rising waters along the Homosassa River. “The ‘no-name’ storm was worst. This will be the second-worst,” Mylin said. —From staff reports Debby’s tropical weather brings flooding to portions of Citrus County INSIDE MIKE WRIGHT The high tide Tuesday night was expected stein said, referring to coastal residents who LOCAL NEWS: Staff Writer to bring 3 to 5 feet additional water to areas have seen water rise steadily since Sunday such as Homosassa and Crystal River that al- when the area was soaked with rain by Debby. -
Back Story: Lessons from the Colbert Super
LESSONS FROM THE COLBERT SUPERPAC BY ERIN BARNETT, ESQ. Federal campaign fi nance laws sure are tricky, and the 2010 Obama, Priorities USA Action, is headed by former Obama press United States Supreme Court decision, Citizens United v. Federal secretary, Bill Burton. Election Commission, has only muddied the waters. So it’s a In addition to having the freedom to accept unlimited good thing sharp legal minds, such as Stephen Colbert, host of amounts of contributions, Super PACs also have the advantage Comedy Central’s “The Colbert Report”, are around to show us of creating the impression of distance between a candidate and how it is all supposed to work. his or her donors. An entertaining Under Citizens United, certain example of this occurred when entities known as political action the famed legal brothel Moonlite committees (PACs) may now raise Bunny Ranch was requested by unlimited amounts of contributions the Ron Paul campaign to donate, received from individuals, not to the campaign directly, corporations and unions for the but to a Ron Paul-supporting purpose of supporting a candidate Super PAC. Donors looking (such as the purchase of TV ad for complete anonymity may space), but are prohibited from consider donating to a 501(c)(4) donating directly to particular organization associated with the campaigns. Such PACs, dubbed Super PAC the donor hopes to “Super PACs,” differ from benefi t; a 501(c)(4) is not required traditional PACs that can donate to meet the donor-disclosure directly to a particular campaign, requirements of Super PACs, but but cannot accept corporate or can nonetheless donate to Super union donations. -
The Fourteen-Billion-Dollar Election Emerging Campaign Finance Trends and Their Impact on the 2020 Presidential Race and Beyond
12 The Fourteen-Billion-Dollar Election Emerging Campaign Finance Trends and their Impact on the 2020 Presidential Race and Beyond Michael E. Toner and Karen E. Trainer The 2020 presidential and congressional election was the most expensive election in American history, shattering previous fundraising and spending records. Total spending on the 2020 election totaled an estimated $14 bil- lion, which was more than double the amount spent during the 2016 cycle and more than any previous election in U.S. history. 1 The historic 2020 spending tally was more than was spent in the previous two election cycles combined.2 Moreover, former Vice President Joseph Biden and Senator Kamala Harris made fundraising history in 2020 as their presidential campaign became the first campaign in history to raise over $1 billion in a single election cycle, with a total of $1.1 billion.3 For their part, President Trump and Vice Presi- dent Pence raised in excess of $700 million for their presidential campaign, more than double the amount that they raised in 2016.4 The record amount of money expended on the 2020 election was also fu- eled by a significant increase in spending by outside groups such as Super PACs as well as enhanced congressional candidate fundraising. Political party expenditures increased in 2020, but constituted a smaller share of total electoral spending. Of the $14 billion total, approximately $6.6 billion was spent in connection with the presidential race and $7.2 billion was expended at the congressional level.5 To put those spending amounts into perspective, the $7.2 billion tally at the congressional level nearly equals the GDP of Monaco.6 More than $1 billion of the $14 billion was spent for online advertising on platforms such as Facebook and Google.7 203 204 Michael E. -
Amicus Briefs
Case: 18-16663, 03/20/2019, ID: 11235601, DktEntry: 39, Page 1 of 46 No. 18-16663 United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ___________________ CITY OF OAKLAND; and CITY AND COUNTY OF SAN FRANCISCO, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. B.P. P.L.C.; CHEVRON CORPORATION; CONOCOPHILLIPS; EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION; ROYAL DUTCH SHELL PLC; and DOES, 1 through 10, Defendants-Appellees. On Appeal from The United States District Court, Northern District of California Case Nos. 3:17-cv-06011-WHA, 3:17-cv-06012-WHA (Hon. William H. Alsup) ___________________ BRIEF OF AMICI CURIAE SENATORS SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, DIANNE FEINSTEIN, RICHARD BLUMENTHAL, MAZIE K. HIRONO, EDWARD J. MARKEY, AND KAMALA D. HARRIS IN SUPPORT OF APPELLEES AND REVERSAL ___________________ Gerson H. Smoger Robert S. Peck SMOGER & ASSOCIATES, P.C. CENTER FOR CONSTITUTIONAL 13250 Branch View Ln. LITIGATION, P.C. Dallas, TX 75234 455 Massachusetts Ave., N.W. (972) 243-5297 Washington, DC 20001 (510) 531-4529 (202) 944-2874 [email protected] [email protected] Attorneys for Amici Curiae Case: 18-16663, 03/20/2019, ID: 11235601, DktEntry: 39, Page 2 of 46 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Pursuant to Fed. R. App. P. 26.1, amici curiae certify that they are individuals and not corporations. i Case: 18-16663, 03/20/2019, ID: 11235601, DktEntry: 39, Page 3 of 46 TABLE OF CONTENTS CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT …………………………………….i TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ..……………………………………………………..iv AMICI CURIAE’S IDENTITY, INTEREST, AND AUTHORITY TO FILE ……1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ……………………………………………………4 ARGUMENT ………………………………………………………………………5 I. THE LOWER COURT’S DECISION WITH RESPECT TO THE SEPARATION OF POWERS DOCTRINE RELIED ON INCOMPLETE INFORMATION AS TO DEFENDANTS’ OWN EFFORTS TO PREVENT POLICIES THAT ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE ………………………...5 A. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Conservative
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Conservative Politics in a Time of “Fake News” and Irrelevant Truths A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Ian Mullins Committee in Charge: Professor Isaac Martin, Chair Professor Richard Biernacki Professor Amy Binder Professor Robert Horwitz Professor Christena Turner 2018 Copyright Ian Mullins, 2018 All Rights Reserved The Dissertation of Ian Mullins is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2018 iii EPIGRAPH "Alas," said the mouse, "the whole world is growing smaller every day. At the beginning it was so big that I was afraid, I kept running and running, and I was glad when I saw walls far away to the right and left, but these long walls have narrowed so quickly that I am in the last chamber already, and there in the corner stands the trap that I must run into." "You only need to change your direction," said the cat, and ate it up. Franz Kafka, A Little Fable iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ............................................................................................................................... iii Epigraph ......................................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ v