Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status Maplewood Nature Center Plant List Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status Amorpha canescens leadplant Anemone virginiana alba tall thimbleweed Apocynum androsaemifolium spreading dogbane Aquilegia canadensis columbine Asclepias tuberosa interior butterflyweed Berteroa incana hoary alyssum Campanula rotundifolia harebell Carex conoidea field sedge Carex haydenii Hayden's sedge Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Carex tenera marsh straw sedge Carex tetanica rigid sedge Ceanothus americanus pitcheri American New Jersey tea Chelone glabra white turtlehead Cicuta maculata spotted water hemlock Circaea lutetiana canadensis common enchanter's nightshade Cirsium muticum swamp thistle Comandra umbellata umbellata bastard toadflax Cornus rugosa round-leaved dogwood Dalea purpurea purple prairie clover Desmodium canadense Canada tick trefoil Doellingeria umbellata flat-topped aster Echinochloa muricata microstachya rough barnyard grass Equisetum arvense field horsetail Equisetum laevigatum smooth scouring rush Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane Euphorbia corollata corollata flowering spurge Euthamia graminifolia grass-leaved goldenrod Fragaria virginiana common strawberry Galium aparine cleavers Galium boreale northern bedstraw Gentiana andrewsii bottle gentian Gentianopsis crinita greater fringed gentian Gentianopsis virgata lesser fringed gentian Geranium maculatum wild geranium Helianthus giganteus giant sunflower Helianthus grosseserratus sawtooth sunflower Helianthus occidentalis occidentalis western sunflower Heliopsis helianthoides scabra ox-eye Hesperostipa spartea porcupine grass Heuchera richardsonii alumroot © 2016 MinnesotaSeasons.com. All rights reserved. Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status Hieracium umbellatum rough hawkweed Hypericum perforatum common St. John's-wort Lactuca biennis biennial blue lettuce Lactuca canadensis Canada wild lettuce Lathyrus ochroleucus pale vetchling Lathyrus palustris marsh vetchling Lathyrus venosus intonsus veiny pea Liatris ligulistylis northern plains blazing star Liatris pycnostachya great blazing star Lithospermum canescens hoary puccoon Luzula multiflora many-flowered woodrush Lycopus americanus cut-leaved bugleweed Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower Maianthemum stellatum starry false Solomon's seal Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern Osmunda claytoniana interrupted fern Oxypolis rigidior cowbane W Packera paupercula balsam ragwort Pedicularis canadensis wood betony Persicaria punctata dotted smartweed Phlox pilosa fulgida prairie phlox Platanthera flava herbiola tubercled rein orchid T Polygala sanguinea blood milkwort Populus deltoides monilifera cottonwood Populus tremuloides quaking aspen Prenanthes alba white rattlesnakeroot Prenanthes racemosa smooth rattlesnakeroot Prunus americana wild plum Pteridium aquilinum latiusculum bracken Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia mountain mint Quercus ellipsoidalis northern pin oak Quercus macrocarpa bur oak Rhus glabra smooth sumac Ribes americanum wild black currant Rosa arkansana prairie rose Rosa blanda smooth wild rose Rubus flagellaris northern dewberry Rubus idaeus strigosus red raspberry Rubus occidentalis black raspberry Sanicula marilandica maryland black snakeroot Scirpus cyperinus woolgrass Scutellaria lateriflora mad dog skullcap © 2016 MinnesotaSeasons.com. All rights reserved. Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status Sisyrinchium campestre field blue-eyed grass Solanum dulcamara bittersweet nightshade Solidago altissima altissima late goldenrod Solidago riddellii Riddell's goldenrod Stellaria longifolia long-leaved chickweed Symphyotrichum ericoides heath aster Symphyotrichum firmum glossy-leaf aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum hesperium western panicled aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum lanceolatum eastern panicled aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae New England aster Symphyotrichum oolentangiense skyblue aster Symphyotrichum sericeum silky aster Taenidia integerrima yellow pimpernel SC Thalictrum dasycarpum tall meadow-rue Thalictrum thalictroides rue anemone Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail Verbena hastata blue vervain Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's root Vicia americana American vetch Zizia aurea golden alexanders Source: J. F. Bell Museum of Natural History Herbarium, Vascular plant collection database; Retrieved 07/13/2016 7/13/2016 © 2016 MinnesotaSeasons.com. All rights reserved..
Recommended publications
  • Diversity and Evolution of Asterids
    Core Asterids • two well supported lineages of the ‘true’ or core Diversity and Evolution asterids • ‘lamiid’ or Asterid I group lamiids of Asterids • ‘campanulid’ or Asterid II group . gentians, milkweeds, and • appear to have the typical fused corolla derived independently and via two different floral potatoes . developmental pathways campanulids lamiid campanulid Core Asterids Early vs. Late Sympetaly euasterids II - campanulids euasterids I - lamiids • two well supported lineages of the ‘true’ or core asterids lamiids = NOT fused corolla tube • Asterids primitively NOT fused corolla at maturity campanulids • 2 separate origins of fused petals in “core” Asterids (plus several times in Ericales) Calendula, Asteraceae early also in Cornaceae of Anchusa, Boraginaceae late ”basal asterids” 1 Gentianales Gentianales • order within ‘lamiid’ or Asterid I group • 5 families and nearly 17,000 species dominated by Rubiaceae (coffee) and Apocynaceae (milkweed) lamiids • iridoids, opposite leaves, contorted corolla Rubiaceae Apocynaceae campanulids corolla aestivation *Gentianaceae - gentians *Gentianaceae - gentians Cosmopolitan family of 87 genera and nearly 1700 species. Herbs to small • opposite leaves • flowers right contorted trees (in the tropics) or mycotrophs. • glabrous - no hairs! Gentiana Symbolanthus Gentiana Voyria Gentianopsis Blackstonia Gentiana 2 *Gentianaceae - gentians *Gentianaceae - gentians CA (4-5) CO (4-5) A 4-5 G (2) Gentiana is 5 merous, with plaits between each petal lobe • flowers 4 or 5 merous Gentiana • pistil superior
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist Flora of the Former Carden Township, City of Kawartha Lakes, on 2016
    Hairy Beardtongue (Penstemon hirsutus) Checklist Flora of the Former Carden Township, City of Kawartha Lakes, ON 2016 Compiled by Dale Leadbeater and Anne Barbour © 2016 Leadbeater and Barbour All Rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or database, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, without written permission of the authors. Produced with financial assistance from The Couchiching Conservancy. The City of Kawartha Lakes Flora Project is sponsored by the Kawartha Field Naturalists based in Fenelon Falls, Ontario. In 2008, information about plants in CKL was scattered and scarce. At the urging of Michael Oldham, Biologist at the Natural Heritage Information Centre at the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Dale Leadbeater and Anne Barbour formed a committee with goals to: • Generate a list of species found in CKL and their distribution, vouchered by specimens to be housed at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, making them available for future study by the scientific community; • Improve understanding of natural heritage systems in the CKL; • Provide insight into changes in the local plant communities as a result of pressures from introduced species, climate change and population growth; and, • Publish the findings of the project . Over eight years, more than 200 volunteers and landowners collected almost 2000 voucher specimens, with the permission of landowners. Over 10,000 observations and literature records have been databased. The project has documented 150 new species of which 60 are introduced, 90 are native and one species that had never been reported in Ontario to date.
    [Show full text]
  • An Encyclopedia of Shade Perennials This Page Intentionally Left Blank an Encyclopedia of Shade Perennials
    An Encyclopedia of Shade Perennials This page intentionally left blank An Encyclopedia of Shade Perennials W. George Schmid Timber Press Portland • Cambridge All photographs are by the author unless otherwise noted. Copyright © 2002 by W. George Schmid. All rights reserved. Published in 2002 by Timber Press, Inc. Timber Press The Haseltine Building 2 Station Road 133 S.W. Second Avenue, Suite 450 Swavesey Portland, Oregon 97204, U.S.A. Cambridge CB4 5QJ, U.K. ISBN 0-88192-549-7 Printed in Hong Kong Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Schmid, Wolfram George. An encyclopedia of shade perennials / W. George Schmid. p. cm. ISBN 0-88192-549-7 1. Perennials—Encyclopedias. 2. Shade-tolerant plants—Encyclopedias. I. Title. SB434 .S297 2002 635.9′32′03—dc21 2002020456 I dedicate this book to the greatest treasure in my life, my family: Hildegarde, my wife, friend, and supporter for over half a century, and my children, Michael, Henry, Hildegarde, Wilhelmina, and Siegfried, who with their mates have given us ten grandchildren whose eyes not only see but also appreciate nature’s riches. Their combined love and encouragement made this book possible. This page intentionally left blank Contents Foreword by Allan M. Armitage 9 Acknowledgments 10 Part 1. The Shady Garden 11 1. A Personal Outlook 13 2. Fated Shade 17 3. Practical Thoughts 27 4. Plants Assigned 45 Part 2. Perennials for the Shady Garden A–Z 55 Plant Sources 339 U.S. Department of Agriculture Hardiness Zone Map 342 Index of Plant Names 343 Color photographs follow page 176 7 This page intentionally left blank Foreword As I read George Schmid’s book, I am reminded that all gardeners are kindred in spirit and that— regardless of their roots or knowledge—the gardening they do and the gardens they create are always personal.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildflowers and Ferns Along the Acton Arboretum Wildflower Trail and in Other Gardens FERNS (Including Those Occurring Naturally
    Wildflowers and Ferns Along the Acton Arboretum Wildflower Trail and In Other Gardens Updated to June 9, 2018 by Bruce Carley FERNS (including those occurring naturally along the trail and both boardwalks) Royal fern (Osmunda regalis): occasional along south boardwalk, at edge of hosta garden, and elsewhere at Arboretum Cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Interrupted fern (Osmunda claytoniana): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum): several healthy clumps along boardwalk and trail, a few in other Arboretum gardens Common polypody (Polypodium virginianum): 1 small clump near north boardwalk Hayscented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula): aggressive species; naturally occurring along north boardwalk Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum): occasional along wildflower trail; common elsewhere at Arboretum Broad beech fern (Phegopteris hexagonoptera): up to a few near north boardwalk; also in rhododendron and hosta gardens New York fern (Thelypteris noveboracensis): naturally occurring and abundant along wildflower trail * Ostrich fern (Matteuccia pensylvanica): well-established along many parts of wildflower trail; fiddleheads edible Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis): naturally occurring and abundant along south boardwalk Lady fern (Athyrium filix-foemina): moderately present along wildflower trail and south boardwalk Common woodfern (Dryopteris spinulosa): 1 patch of 4 plants along south boardwalk; occasional elsewhere at Arboretum Marginal
    [Show full text]
  • Field Checklist
    14 September 2020 Cystopteridaceae (Bladder Ferns) __ Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern FIELD CHECKLIST OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE KOFFLER SCIENTIFIC __ Cystopteris fragilis Fragile Fern RESERVE AT JOKERS HILL __ Gymnocarpium dryopteris CoMMon Oak Fern King Township, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario (second edition) Aspleniaceae (Spleenworts) __ Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort Tubba Babar, C. Sean Blaney, and Peter M. Kotanen* Onocleaceae (SensitiVe Ferns) 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology 2Atlantic Canada Conservation Data __ Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern University of Toronto Mississauga Centre, P.O. Box 6416, Sackville NB, __ Onoclea sensibilis SensitiVe Fern 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON Canada E4L 1G6 Canada L5L 1C6 Athyriaceae (Lady Ferns) __ Deparia acrostichoides SilVery Spleenwort *Correspondence author. e-mail: [email protected] Thelypteridaceae (Marsh Ferns) The first edition of this list Was compiled by C. Sean Blaney and Was published as an __ Parathelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern appendix to his M.Sc. thesis (Blaney C.S. 1999. Seed bank dynamics of native and exotic __ Phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fern plants in open uplands of southern Ontario. University of Toronto. __ Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/14382/). It subsequently Was formatted for the web by P.M. Kotanen and made available on the Koffler Scientific Reserve Website Dryopteridaceae (Wood Ferns) (http://ksr.utoronto.ca/), Where it Was revised periodically to reflect additions and taxonomic __ Athyrium filix-femina CoMMon Lady Fern changes. This second edition represents a major revision reflecting recent phylogenetic __ Dryopteris ×boottii Boott's Wood Fern and nomenclatural changes and adding additional species; it will be updated periodically.
    [Show full text]
  • W I L D F L O W E R S a N D F E R N S a L O N G T H E a C T O N a R B O R E T U M W I L D F L O W E R T R a I L a N D I N O
    Wil dfl owers and Ferns Al ong t he Act on Arboret u m Wil dfl ower Trail and I n Ot her Gardens Updat ed t o Jul y 12, 2017 by Bruce Carl ey FERNS (including those occurring naturally along the trail and both boardwalks) Royal fern (Osmunda regalis): occasional along south boardwalk, at edge of hosta garden, and elsewhere at Arboretum Cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Interrupted fern (Osmunda claytoniana): naturally occurring in quantity along south boardwalk Maidenhair fern (Adiantum pedatum): several healthy clumps near north boardwalk, a few in other Arboretum gardens Common polypody (Polypodium virginianum): 1 small clump near north boardwalk Hayscented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula): aggressive species; naturally occurring along north boardwalk Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum): occasional along wildflower trail; common elsewhere at Arboretum Broad beech fern (Phegopteris hexagonoptera): up to a few near north boardwalk; also in rhododendron and hosta gardens New York fern (Thelypteris noveboracensis): naturally occurring and abundant along wildflower trail * Ostrich fern (Matteuccia pensylvanica): well-established along many parts of wildflower trail; fiddleheads edible Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis): naturally occurring and abundant along south boardwalk Lady fern (Athyrium filix-foemina): moderately present along the trail and south boardwalk Common woodfern (Dryopteris spinulosa): 1 patch of 4 plants along south boardwalk; occasional elsewhere at Arboretum Marginal
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Vascular Plants
    NATURAL HERITAGE RESOURCES OF VIRGINIA: RARE PLANTS APRIL 2009 VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND RECREATION DIVISION OF NATURAL HERITAGE 217 GOVERNOR STREET, THIRD FLOOR RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 23219 (804) 786-7951 List Compiled by: John F. Townsend Staff Botanist Cover illustrations (l. to r.) of Swamp Pink (Helonias bullata), dwarf burhead (Echinodorus tenellus), and small whorled pogonia (Isotria medeoloides) by Megan Rollins This report should be cited as: Townsend, John F. 2009. Natural Heritage Resources of Virginia: Rare Plants. Natural Heritage Technical Report 09-07. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, Virginia. Unpublished report. April 2009. 62 pages plus appendices. INTRODUCTION The Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation's Division of Natural Heritage (DCR-DNH) was established to protect Virginia's Natural Heritage Resources. These Resources are defined in the Virginia Natural Area Preserves Act of 1989 (Section 10.1-209 through 217, Code of Virginia), as the habitat of rare, threatened, and endangered plant and animal species; exemplary natural communities, habitats, and ecosystems; and other natural features of the Commonwealth. DCR-DNH is the state's only comprehensive program for conservation of our natural heritage and includes an intensive statewide biological inventory, field surveys, electronic and manual database management, environmental review capabilities, and natural area protection and stewardship. Through such a comprehensive operation, the Division identifies Natural Heritage Resources which are in need of conservation attention while creating an efficient means of evaluating the impacts of economic growth. To achieve this protection, DCR-DNH maintains lists of the most significant elements of our natural diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota Biodiversity Atlas Plant List
    Regal Meadow Plant List Herbarium Scientific Name Minnesota DNR Common Name Status Agalinis tenuifolia slender-leaved false foxglove Agoseris glauca glauca glaucous false dandelion Agrostis gigantea redtop Alisma subcordatum heart-leaved water plantain Allium stellatum prairie wild onion Ambrosia trifida great ragweed Andropogon gerardii big bluestem Anemone canadensis canada anemone Asclepias incarnata incarnata swamp milkweed Asclepias speciosa showy milkweed Bromus kalmii Kalm's brome Calamagrostis canadensis canadensis bluejoint Caltha palustris common marsh marigold Campanula aparinoides grandiflora marsh bellflower Carex aquatilis aquatic sedge Carex crawei Crawe's sedge Carex lacustris lake sedge Carex pellita woolly sedge Carex stricta tussock sedge Carex tetanica rigid sedge Carex utriculata beaked sedge Castilleja coccinea Indian paintbrush Cicuta maculata spotted water hemlock Cirsium arvense Canada thistle Cirsium muticum swamp thistle Comandra umbellata umbellata bastard toadflax Cornus sericea red-osier dogwood Crepis runcinata runcinata incised hawk's beard Cypripedium candidum small white lady's slipper SC Dalea purpurea purple prairie clover Eleocharis compressa compressa flattened spikerush Elymus canadensis nodding wild rye Equisetum fluviatile water horsetail Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane Erigeron strigosus daisy fleabane Euthamia graminifolia grass-leaved goldenrod Fragaria vesca americana wood strawberry Fragaria virginiana common strawberry Galium boreale northern bedstraw Galium labradoricum labrador
    [Show full text]
  • Victorin's Gentian (Gentianopsis Procera Macounii Var. Victorinii)
    COSEWIC Assessment and Update Status Report on the Victorin’s Gentian Gentianopsis procera macounii var. victorinii in Canada THREATENED 2004 COSEWIC COSEPAC COMMITTEE ON THE STATUS OF COMITÉ SUR LA SITUATION ENDANGERED WILDLIFE DES ESPÈCES EN PÉRIL IN CANADA AU CANADA COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC 2004. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Victorin’s gentian Gentianopsis procera macounii var. victorinii in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 24 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous report: Legault, A. 1987. COSEWIC status report on the Victorin’s gentian Gentiana victorinii in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 22 pp. Production note: COSEWIC acknowledges Frédéric Coursol for writing the update status report on Victorin’s gentian Gentianopsis procera macounii var. victorinii in Canada. The report was overseen and edited by Erich Haber, COSEWIC Co-chair (Vascular Plants) Plants and Lichens Species Specialist Subcommittee. Formerly listed by COSEWIC as Victorin’s gentian Gentiana victorinii. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: (819) 997-4991 / (819) 953-3215 Fax: (819) 994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Ếgalement disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur la gentiane de Victorin (Gentianopsis procera macounii var. victorinii) au Canada – Mise à jour. Cover illustration: Victorin’s gentian — Provided by the author.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants of Vermont Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department 09 August 2018
    Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants of Vermont Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department 09 August 2018 The Vermont Rare and Uncommon Native Vascular Plants List is produced by the Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department's Natural Heritage Inventory with assistance from the Scientific Advisory Group on Flora of the VT Endangered Species Committee. The Vermont Natural Heritage Inventory is the state’s official repository for records of rare, threatened, and endangered species. Information in the Natural Heritage Database is the result of work of botanists, natural resource professionals and interested amateurs. This list is intended to inform naturalists, biologists, planners, developers and the general public about our rare native flora. It contains a listing of the rare and uncommon, native, vascular plants of Vermont. These species may be rare because they have very particular habitat requirements, are subject to habitat loss, are at the edge of their range, are vulnerable to disturbance or collection, or have difficulty reproducing for unknown reasons. Some taxa on this list are rare varieties of otherwise common or exotic species, and are noted as such. Unless noted, varieties/subspecies on this list can be assumed to be the only varieties/subspecies of the species in Vermont. Species with a state status of Threatened or Endangered (T or E) are protected by Vermont’s Endangered Species Law (10 V.S.A. Chap. 123). Those with a federal status of Threatened or Endangered (LT or LE) are protected by the Federal Endangered Species Act (P.L. 93-205). The state and global ranks are informational categories regarding the rarity and extirpation/extinction risk of the species.
    [Show full text]
  • Vascular Plant Survey
    VVaassccuullaarr PPllaanntt SSuurrvveeyy VVooyyaaggeeuurrss NNaattiioonnaall PPaarrkk Prepared for: The Great Lakes Network Inventory and Monitoring Program Prepared by: Allan Harris Robert Foster November 2003 Potential Flora of Voyageurs National Park ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract In 2003 we conducted surveys for vascular plant species in Voyageurs National Park. Twenty new plant species were discovered for the park and the status for two others was revised. We estimate that 72% to 81% of the “potential flora” (plant species known to occur in the park plus those expected to occur) is known from the park. This is a slight increase from the 71% – 79% previous estimated. Georeferenced locations of new and significant species are provided, as is a revised checklist of the vascular plants of Voyageurs National Park. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Northern Bioscience Page 1 October 2003 Potential Flora of Voyageurs National Park ________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Harris and Foster (2003) estimated the “potential flora” (plant species known to occur in the park plus those expected to occur) of Voyageurs National Park at 934 to 1045 species, of which 740 were satisfactory reported from the park. The National Park Service’s goal is to verify >90% of all plants expected to occur in the park area. In 2003, the Great Lakes Network Inventory and Monitoring Program funded fieldwork to increase the proportion of known species. Methods We checked fens, cliffs, prairie-like openings, shorelines and roadsides for plant species expected to occur in Voyageurs National Park based on Harris and Foster (2003). Fieldwork was completed June 23 – 25, July 22 – 24 and August 13 – 15 2003. A map of sampling locations is shown in Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Botanist Interior 43.1
    118 THE MICHIGAN BOTANIST Vol. 46 NOMENCLATURE OF GENTIANOPSIS CRINITA (GENTIANACEAE) James S. Pringle Royal Botanical Gardens P.O. Box 399, Hamilton, ON Canada L8N 3H8 [email protected] ABSTRACT The name Gentiana crinita Froel. and its homotypic synonyms are neotypified by a specimen of the greater or wide-leaved fringed gentian of eastern North America, consistent with the long-estab- lished use of the specific epithet. The greater or wide-leaved fringed gentian, which is native from Georgia north to Maine and Manitoba, was known historically as Gentiana crinita Froel. and is now called Gentianopsis crinita (Froel.) Ma. From a study by Fernald (1923; recently noted by Jarvis 2007), however, it has sometimes been suspected that the epithet crinita might correctly be applicable, instead, to Victorin’s gen- tian, which was originally described as Gentiana victorinii Fernald and is now called Gentianopsis virgata subsp. victorinii (Fernald) Lammers. The latter is endemic to the intertidal flats of the St. Lawrence estuary near Québec City. With research on typification having been stimulated by the Linnaean Plant Names Typification Project, the Flora of North America North of Mexico, and the compilation of databases on type specimens at major herbaria, uncertainty as to the correct name of G. crinita should be resolved, lest the nomenclature of this well-known and much-admired species be disrupted unnecessarily. Gentianopsis crinita, as Gentiana crinita, was the first North American species of the fringed gentians to be recognized taxonomically. Froelich (1796) distinguished this species from the European Gentiana ciliata L. [Gentianopsis ciliata (L.) Ma] by its greater plant size, basally clasping, lanceolate rather than linear leaves, larger and more numerous flowers, dimorphic calyx lobes, and corolla lobes fringed all around rather than only proximally.
    [Show full text]