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Negotiating the Sacred: Spirituality and Reform in the Age of Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice Simonetta Marin University of Miami, [email protected]

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Negotiating the Sacred: Spirituality and Reform in the Age of Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice Simonetta Marin University of Miami, Elegia68@Gmail.Com University of Miami Scholarly Repository Open Access Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2014-04-29 Negotiating the Sacred: Spirituality and Reform in the Age of Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice Simonetta Marin University of Miami, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations Recommended Citation Marin, Simonetta, "Negotiating the Sacred: Spirituality and Reform in the Age of Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice" (2014). Open Access Dissertations. 1190. https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1190 This Embargoed is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Scholarly Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI NEGOTIATING THE SACRED: SPIRITUALITY AND REFORM IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF VENICE By Simonetta Marin A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Miami in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Coral Gables, Florida May 2014 ©2014 Simonetta Marin All Rights Reserved UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy NEGOTIATING THE SACRED: SPIRITUALITY AND REFORM IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF VENICE Simonetta Marin Approved: ________________ _________________ Guido Ruggiero, Ph.D. Mary Lindemann, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Professor of History _________________ _________________ Steve Stein, Ph.D. Hugh Thomas, Ph.D. Professor of History Professor of History _________________ _________________ Laura Giannetti, Ph.D. M. Brian Blake, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Italian Dean of the Graduate School MARIN, SIMONETTA (Ph.D., History) Negotiating the Sacred: Spirituality and Reform in (May 2014) the Age of Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice Abstract of a dissertation at the University of Miami. Dissertation supervised by Professor Guido Ruggiero No. of pages in text. (472) The continuing resilience, significance, and variety of religious culture in the age of the Enlightenment in the Republic of Venice are the overarching themes of this dissertation, which consists of a series of case-studies. Though the stories examined here are diverse and cover several aspects of devotions, practices, and beliefs, they all grew out of negotiations that took place at all levels. Each chapter showcases negotiations of the sacred among secular authorities, the clergy and their flocks, bishops and inquisitors, higher office holders in the Roman Church and in local branches of the Inquisition, and various members of ecclesiastic institutions. Together, these represent a more complicated religious Enlightenment than usually envisioned. Negotiations of the sacred unfold against the background of unapologetic quests for the miraculous and divine manifestations. Hence, the pursuit of modernity, which is still seen as the hallmark of the Age of Reason, actually never was very far removed from the sphere of religion and consciousness of the spiritual world. The examination of so many varied aspects of devotion, practices, beliefs, and the numerous uncertain attempts to constrain them within more rigorous boundaries (or to remove them from popular control) during the eighteenth century ultimately confirms that we – “moderns” – are the children of the Enlightenment in more complex ways than we might imagine. Dedicated to my parents, Egle and Adelmo iii Acknowledgments This dissertation has taken me on a personal and intellectual journey. At times, I must admit, it has seemed more difficult than rewarding. Having reached the conclusion, I wish to thank and acknowledge my indebtedness to those who have helped me along the way. As my friend, Carmelo Romanello, reminded me, my achievement in this journey is no longer mine alone, but belongs also to all the people who have believed in me and supported me. Few words could be more truthful: this thought has pushed me through the final stage of the process. Pursuing a PhD can be a very solipsistic and often unforgiving endeavor, especially the research and writing aspects. However, for those souls who are willing to dwell “in doubtful joy” when immersed in a challenging task, the faith of those who have – in different ways and times – stood by them is the most invaluable of gifts. I wish to thank my advisor and mentor, Guido Ruggiero, for his steady guidance and unwavering confidence in my abilities since our first conversations. This alone would be worthy of gratitude without considering that, back then, our discussions were enormously challenged by my “less than perfect” English. Guido – then as now, what impresses me most is your capacity to see and understand what is still mysterious to the rest of us. I have always loved your dialectical Socratic approach because it has encouraged me throughout these years to delve into the complexities of historical discourses and to unfold the multiple layers hidden beyond even the most apparent conclusions. I wish to thank Mary Lindemann for her consistent support and for helping me to conceptualize this project in its early stages. My work has benefitted from her pointed iv comments, sharp questions, and bright mind. Her pragmatism, her discipline, and her work ethic have been deeply inspiring and formative. I give my heartfelt thanks to Steven Stein, for his support and his thoughtful, instructive comments. From our talks in his office about my project to his advice at the café, as we sipped our favorite espresso in the last months of the writing process, he suffused the call of duty with warmth and kindness. Hugh Thomas was a latecomer to the committee, but I benefitted greatly from his incisive questions and comments during the one-year period in which we were both fellows at the Center for the Humanities. His knowledge as a medievalist scholar and his perspectives have been particularly helpful for my own study and topics. Laura Giannetti has been part of my journey and undertaking since day one. To her, I am especially grateful for having provided me suggestions, advice, and support during these long years. Her help was particularly precious to me, as I came from another country, another culture, and another system altogether. I always enjoyed our exchanges about Italian literature, comedies, facetious novelle, and art, which enabled me to share my undisguised passions. Richard Godbeer read chapters of this dissertation in the critical early stages of the writing process and has been incredibly generous with his time and knowledge. His intelligent and intuitive comments did not fall on deaf ears. Maria Galli Stampino has also been very involved in this project since the very beginning. Her enthusiasm contagiously affected me in times of self-indulging doubt. I have benefitted from her mental acuity during our many conversations over coffee and lunch. Her commitment and her interest in both my work and the kaleidoscopic worlds of the eighteenth century in Italy never faltered. I am also deeply grateful to David Fletcher, who helped me to navigate the v troubled waters of the last months, during my crazy writing moods. His wisdom, his strength, and his kindness helped me to stay strong, lift my spirits, and keep my focus. I give my thanks to Kathy, Lenny, and Marie, the History Department staff. A very, very special thanks goes to Lenny, who has been a maternal figure to me since I set foot in the department. My words cannot describe the affection and gratitude I hold for her. From reminding me about the small or big bureaucratic things that, as she likes to put it, my “all over the place brain” and “typical up-in-the-air intellectual mind” could not retain to her warm support and prayers, she never failed to devote her time to help me. My gratitude is immense. During the year 2009-2010, I had the good fortune to be a member of The Center for the Humanities Dissertation Fellowship at the University of Miami and enjoyed the pleasure of stimulating conversations in crucial moments of my journey. During that time, I had just returned to Miami after spending one and a half years in Italy, conducting my research. Being able to discuss my project in such an intellectual environment was immensely important to me, both personally and intellectually. The Humanities Fellows read chapter 1 and a rough draft of chapter 5 of the dissertation, and I am very grateful for their kindness, and for their comments and insightful questions which enriched and widened my research and perspective. I am particularly grateful to the Director of the Center, Mihoko Suzuki – who combines gentility with intellectual rigor, for her interest in my work, and her insights and suggestions. I have benefitted from her literary sensibilities, which deeply resonate with my narrative approach to history. vi The University of Miami has been instrumental in providing financial support. Their grant of a three-year-Fellowship, and then of three History Department Summer Research Grants and a generous College of Arts and Sciences Summer Research Grant allowed me to conduct much of my research. An intense and fruitful year of research was also made possible thanks to the support I received from a CLIR Mellon Dissertation Fellowship in the Humanities in Original Sources. I wish to express my special thanks to Amy Lucko, Director of Program Data and Statistics of CLIR, for her kindness and graciousness. She arranged for all the fellows to have the best time in Washington DC, organized the meetings and visits at the Library of Congress, and helped to make it a terrific and memorable experience. I give my special thanks also to the staff of the Library of Congress, who took us for a very special tour into the labyrinths of the institution and showed us some of its incomparable treasures, and to Christa Williford, Director of Research and Assessment, for providing useful insights and guidance regarding the post- doctoral stage.
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