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Romano-British Place Names

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Romano-British Place Names Romano-British Place Names ABONE Sea Mills, Avon [ Iter XIV...Abone, RC...ABONA CONCANGIS Chester-le-Street, Durham (referring just to the river Avon ?) ] CONCAVATA Drumburgh, Cumbria AD ANSAM Capel St Mary, Suffolk ?? [ Iter IX...Ad CONOVIUM ?? Caerhun, Gwynnedd [Iter XI...Conovio ] Ansam ] CONDATE Northwich, Cheshire [ Iter II...Condate ] AD PONTEM East Stoke, Notts [ Iter VI...Ad Pontem ] CONDERCUM Benwell, Tyne & Wear ABALLAVA Burgh by Sands, Cumbria CORINIUM DOBUNNORUM Cirencester, Glos AESICA Great Chesters, Northumb CORIOSOPITUM Corbridge, Northumb [ Iter AGELOCO Littleborough [ Iter VIII...Ageloco ] I..Corstopitum] ALABUM Llandovery, Dyfed CROCOCALANA Brough, Notts [ Iter VI...Crocalana ] ALAUNA Maryport, Cumbria CUNETIO Mildenhall, Wilts ALAUNA Ardoch, Tayside DANUM Doncaster, S Yorks [ Iter V...Dano ] ALAUNA Watercrook, Cumbria [ Iter X...Alone ] DELGOVICIA Millington E Yorks [ Iter I...Delgovicia ] ANDERITUM Pevensey, E Sussex DERVENTIO Malton, N Yorks [ Iter I...Derventione ] AQVAE ARNEMETIAE Buxton, Derby DERVENTIO Littlechester, Derby AQUAE SULIS Bath, Avon DERVENTIO Papcastle, Cumbria ARBEIA South Shields, Tyne & Wear DEVA Chester, Cheshire [ Iter II...Deva ] ARDOTALIA Melandra Castle, Derby DUNUM Hod Hill, Dorset ARICONIUM Weston-under-Penyard, H'ford & Worcs DURNOVARIA Dorchester, Dorset BANNA Birdoswald, Cumbria DUROBRIVAE Water Newton, Cambs [ Iter V.Durobrivas ] BANNAVENTA Whilton Lodge, Northants [ Iter DUROBRIVAE Rochester, Kent [ Iter II...Durobrivis ] II...Bannaventa ] DUROCOBRIVIS Dunstable, Beds [ Iter II...Durocobrivis ] BIBRA Beckfoot, Cumbria DUROLEVUM ?? Sittingbourne, Kent [ Iter II...Durolevo ] BLATOBULGIUM Birrens, Dumf and Gall [ Iter II...Blato DUROLIPONTE Cambridge, Cambs [ Iter V...Duroliponte ] Bulgin ] DURILITUM ?? Romford, Essex [ Iter IX ...Durolito ] BOVIO Holt, Cheshire [ Iter II..Bovio ] DUROVERNUM Canterbury, Kent [ Iter II...Durolevo ] BOMIUM ?? (Bridgend). Mid Glam [ Iter XII...Bomio ] DUROVIGUTUM Godmanchester, Cambs BOVIVUM Tilston, Cheshire EBORACUM York, N Yorks [ Iter I...Eburacum ] BRANODUNUM Brancaster, Norfolk EPEACUM Whitley Castle, Northumb BRAVONIACUM Kirkby Thore, Cumbria [ Iter FANUMCOCIUM Bewcastle, Cumbria II...Brovonacis ] GABROSENTUM Moresby, Cumbria BRAVONIUM Leintwardine, H'ford & Worcs [ Iter GALAVA Ambleside, Cumbria [ Iter X...Galava ] XII...Bravonio ] GARIANNUM Burgh Castle, Norfolk BREMENIUM High Rochester, Northumb [ Iter GLANNOVENTA Ravenglass, Cumbria I...Bremenio, RC..Bremenium, Pt..Bremenion ] GLEVUM Gloucester, Glos BREMETENACUM Ribehester, Lancs [ Iter GOBANNEUM Abergavenny, Gwent [ Iter XII...Gobannio ] X...Bremetonaci ] HABITANCUM Risingham, Northumb BREMIA Llanio, Dyfed ISCA Caerleon, Gwent BRIGE ?? [ Iter XII..Brige ] ISCA DUMNONIORUM Exeter, Devon BROCAVUM Brougham, Cumbria ISURIUM BRIGANTUM Aldborough, N Yorks [ Iter BROCOLITIA Carrawburgh, Northumb I,II...Isurium, Iter V...Isubrigantum ] BURRIUM Usk, Gwent [ Iter XII...Burrio ] ISSANAVANTIA ?? [ Iter V...Issanavantia ] CAESAROMAGVS Chelmsford, Essex [ Iter LACTODURUM Towcester, Northants [ Iter II...Lactodoro ] V...Caesaromago ] LAGENTIUM Castleford, W Yorks [ Iter V...Legeolio, Iter CALACUM Burrow in Lonsdale, Lancs [ Iter X...Calcum ] VIII...Lagecio ] CALCARIA Tadcaster, N Yorks [ Iter II...Calcaria ] LAVATRIS Bowes, Durham [ Iter II...Lavatris, Iter CALLEVA ATREBATUM Silchester, Hants [ Iter V...Levatri ] VII...Calleva Atrebatum ] LAUNA Learchild, Northumb CAMBODUNO Cleckheaton ?, W Yorks [ Iter LEMANIS, Lympne, Kent [ Iter IV...Portum Lemanis ] II..Camboduno ] LETOCETUM Wall, Staffs [ Iter II...Etoceto ] CAMBORITUM Lackford, Suffolk [ Iter V...Camborico ] LEUCARUM Loughor, W Glam [ Iter XII...Leucaro ] CAMBOGLANNA Castlefields, Cumbria LEUCOMAGUS East Anton, Hants CAMULODUNUM Colchester, Essex [ Iter V...Colonia, Iter LEVOBRINTA Forden Gear, Powys IX...Camuloduno ] LINDINIS Ilchester, Somerset CANONIUM Kelvedon, Essex [ Iter IX...Canonio ] LINDUM Lincoln, Lincs [ Iter V...Lindo ] CANOVIUM Caerhun, Gwynedd LONDINIUM London, Gtr London [ Iter II...Londinio ] CASTRA EXPLOPATORUM Netherby, Cumbria LONGOVECIUM Lanchester, Durham CASTRA EXPLORATORUM Netherby, Cumbria [ Iter LUENTINUM Pumsaint, Dyfed II...Castra Exploratum ] LUGUVALIUM Carlisle, Cumbria [ Iter II...Luguvallo, Iter CATARACTONIUM Catterick, N Yorks [ Iter I, V...Luguvalio ] II...Cataractoni, Iter V...Caractone ] MAGIOVINIUM Dropshort, Bucks [Iter II...Magiovinto, Iter CAUSENNIS Saltersford, Lincs [ Iter V...Causensis ] VIII...Magiovino ] CECUCMUM Y Gaer, Powys MAGIS Burrow Walls, Cumbria CILURNUM Chesters, Northumb MAGLONA Old Carlisle, Cumbria CLAUSENTIUM Bitterne, Hants [Iter VII...Clausentum ] MAGNIS Kenchester, Notts [ Iter XII...Magnis ] COCCIUM ?? Wigan, Lancs [ Iter X...Coccio ] MAGNIS Carvoran, Northumb COMBRETOVIUM Baylham House, Suffolk [ Iter MAIA Bowness-on-Solway, Cumbria IX...Combretonio ] MAMUCIUM Manchester, Gtr Manchester [ Iter II...Mamucio, Ier X...Mancunio ] SEGONTIUM Caernarfon, Gwynedd MANDUESSEDUM Mancetter, Warwicks [ Iter SITOMAGUS ?? [ Iter IX...Sitomago ] II...Manduesedo ] SORVIODUNUM Old Sarum, Wilts MARGRIDUNUM Castle Hill, Notts [ Iter VI...Margiduno ] SULLON IACI S Brockley Hill, Gtr London [ Iter MEDIOBOGDUM Hardknott, Cumbria II...Sulloniacis ] MEDIOLANUM Whitchurch, Shrops [ Iter II...Mediolano ] TRIMONTIUM Newstead, Borders MORIDUNUM Carmarthen, Dyfed TRIPONTIUM Cave's Inn, Warwicks [ Iter VI...Tripontio ] MORIDUNUM Seaton, Devon ?? UXACONA Redhill, Shrops [ Iter II...Uxacona ] NAVIO Brough, Derby UXELODUNUM Stanwix, Cumbria NIDUM Neath, W Glam [ Iter XII....Nido ] VAGNIACIS Springhead, Kent [ Iter I...Vagniacis ] NOVIOMAGVS REGNORUM Chichester, W Sussex VARIS St. Asaph, Clwyd [ IterXI...Varis ] NOVIOMAGVS Crayford, Gtr London [ Iter II...Noviomago VELUNIATE Carriden, Central ] VENONIS High Cross, Leics [ Iter II...Venonis ] OLENACUM Elslack, N Yorks VENTA BELGARUM Winchester, Hants [ Iter VII...Venta ONNUM Halton, Northumb Belgarum ] OTHONA Bradwell-on-Sea, Essex VENTA ICENORUM Caistor St Edmund, Norfolk [ Iter PENNOCRUCIUM Water Eaton, Staffs [ Iter V...Icinos, Iter VIII...Venta Icinorum ] II..Pennocrucio ] VENTA SILURUM Caerwent, Gwent PETUAREA Brough on Humber, Humbs VERBEIA llkley, W Yorks PONS AELIUS Newcastle, Tyne& Wear VERCOVICIUM Housesteads, Northumb PONTES Staines, Surrey [ Iter VII...Pontibus ] VERLUCIO Sandy Lane, Wilts PORTUS ARDAONI Portchester, Hants VERNEMETUM Willoughby, Notts [ Iter VI...Verometo, PORTUS DUBRIS Dover, Kent [ Iter II...portum Dubris ] Iter VIII...Vernemeto ] PORTUS LEMANIS Lympne, Kent VERTERIS Brough, Cumbria [ Iter II...Verteris ] PRAETORIO Brough on Humber, Humbs [ Iter I...Prateorio VEROMITO ?? [ Iter VI...Verometo ] ] VERULAMIUM St Albans, Herts [ Iter II...Verolamio ] RATAE Leicester, Leics [ Iter VI...Ratas ] VINDOBALA Rudchester, Northumb REGODUNUM Castleshaw, Gtr Manchester VINDOCLADIA Badbury, Dorset REGULBIUM Reculver, Kent VINDOLANDA Chesterholm, Northumb RUTUNIO ?? [ Iter II..Rutunio ] VINDOMA ?? [ Iter XII...Vindomi ] RUTUPIAE Richborough, Kent [ Iter II...Ritupis ] VINDOMORA Ebchester, Durham [ Iter I...Vindomora ] SALINAE Droitwich, H'ford & Worcs VINOVIA Binchester, Durham [ Iter I...Vinovia ] SALINAE Middlewich, Cheshire VIROCONIUM Wroxeter, Shrops [ Iter II...Urioconio ] SALINAE Droitwich, H'ford & Worcs VIROSIDUM Brough-by-Bainbridge, N Yorks SEGEDUNUM Wallsend, Tyne & Wear VOREDA Old Penrith, Cumbria [Iter II ...Voreda ] SEGELOCUM Littleborough, Notts [ Iter V...Segeloci ] Common Welsh Placenames Welsh placenames can reveal much about a town, village, area or mountain. Many placenames are based on local physical or geographic features, such as rivers, hills, bridges, woodlands and so on. Aber, for example, means ‘mouth of’, so Abersoch means ‘The mouth of the River Soch’. Here are a few examples of Welsh you will encounter during your visit: aber confluence, river mouth glyn glen afon river gwaun, waen moor, mountain pasture bach, fach small hendre winter dwelling, permanent home ban, fan peak, crest heol road blaen head, end, .source llan church, enclosure bryn hill llwyn grove, bush bwlch pass llyn lake caer, gaer fort, stronghold llys hall, court carreg stone, rock maen stone castell castle mawr, fawr great, big cefn ridge merthyr martyr clawdd hedge, ditch, dyke moel, foel bare hill coch, goch red mynydd, fynydd mountain craig, graig rock pant hollow, valley crib crest, summit, ridge pen head, top, end cwm valley, cirque pentre village, homestead cymer meeting of rivers plas hall, mansion dinas fort, city pont, bont bridge du, ddu black sarn causeway, old road dyffryn valley tre, tref hamlet, home, town eglwys church uchaf upper, higher, highest ffin boundary ystrad valley floor Welsh Placenames BRECON / ABERHONDDU Brecon – from the Welsh personal name Brychan, a 5th century ruler, and Welsh iog = territory of. The kingdom was later called Brycheiniog which was corrupted by English speakers to Brecknock. Aberhonddu – from Welsh aber = mouth and the river name Honddu, from hawdd = pleasant or quiet and du = dark. BUCKLEY – also a family name From the Old English boc = beech and leah = wood clearing. BUILTH WELLS / LLANFAIR-YM-MAULLT Builth – in the 10th century was Buelt and came from bu = cow and gellt = pasture. The name was originally the cantref name and Wells was added to Builth in the 19th century referring to the chalybeate (containing iron) springs. Llanfair-ym-Maullt (Lanveyr). From llan = church and Mair = Mary. CILYCWM From ci = narrowing river source; y = the; cwm = valley. COITY From Ty = house in the coed = wood. CAERLEON
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