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Traditions and Peculiarities of Alisher Navoi in the Uzbek Ghazal of The The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations IMPACT FACTOR – (ISSN 2689-100x) 2020: 5. 525 Published: September 30, 2020 | Pages: 690-693 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume02Issue09-107 Traditions And Peculiarities Of Alisher Navoi In The Uzbek Ghazal Of The Xx Century Haydarova Gulhayo Ahmadaliyevna Lecturer Of Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan Journal Website: http://usajournalshub.c om/index,php/tajssei Copyright: Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the creative commons attributes 4.0 licence. ABSTRACT His real name is Nizomiddin Mir Alisher who wrote poems under the pen-names of Navoi (in his poems which were written in the old Uzbek language) and Foni (in his poems which were written in Persian language). Navoi is a great Uzbek poet, a representative of the Uzbek literature. Alisher Navoi‘s numerous writings, endowments, and his life example have had lasting influence in Central Asia. Navoi's literary output encompasses the broad fields of both prose and poetry. KEYWORDS Navoi, poet, poetry, poems, diwan, Persian language. INTRODUCTION The Uzbek poet Alisher Navoi lived from 1441 a whole book. In his childhood he was given to 1501 mostly in Herat. He is one of the books to read, they were "Guliston" by Sheikh greatest poets of The Great Silk Road. From Sa'diy, "Mantiq uttayr" by Farididdin Attar. his youth he was interested in all subjects at These two books influenced young Alisher so school history, mathematics, mother tongue much that he couldn't stop himself from especially literature. He was known among reading. He was reading day and night his pupils and masters as a talented writer. His parents and tutors worry. His master took talent was shown from his 6th year, when he away the books, because they were stealing started to create poems. His memory his concentration. In spite of this Alisher surprised everybody; he could even memorize already know every word of those books. At The USA Journals Volume 02 Issue 09-2020 690 The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations IMPACT FACTOR – (ISSN 2689-100x) 2020: 5. 525 Published: September 30, 2020 | Pages: 690-693 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume02Issue09-107 that as moment the dream to write the book Badoyi-ul-bidoya (Rarity of Starting) – the first 'Mantiq uttayr" was born. Navoi did not live diwan; 2. Navodir-unnihoya (Peculiar of the long but he left a big treasure for whole End) – the second dewan; 3. Hazoyin-ul- world. He was also a good steward of his high maoniy (The Treasure of Thoughts) – the position and helped establish many needed collection of lyric works; 4. Dewoni Foniy – institutions. "Navai is reputed to have The Collection of Persian poems; 5. Fusuli arba founded, restored and endowed no fewer (Four Seasons of a Year – four rhymes about than 370 mosques, school, libraries, hospitals seasons of the year; 6. Khamsa (The Five and other pious and charitable institution in Poems) – an epic cycle, consisting of five Khurasan alone." Also he wrote many works poems; 7. Lison-ut-tayir – (The Language of where he expressed his own feelings, thinking Birds) – a philosophical poem; 8. Mahbub-ul- and the problems of the Uzbek nation. His qulub(- A Loved Heart) – a philosophy prose lifelong aim was to help and improve the work; 9. Majolis-un-nafois (-The set of Uzbek peoples' life condition. Alisher Navoi fanciers) – The anthology poetry dated XV devoted the latter part of his life to poetry and centuries; 10. Mezon-ul-avzon (The Scales of scholarship, writing first in Persian and then in the sizes) – The treatise about size‘s principles Chagatai; an Eastern Turkish dialect. The of Aruz; 11. Risolai muammo (The treatise language of poetry was Persian, Alisher Navoi about Muamma genre); 12. Muhokamat-ul- was the first poet to write in this dialect. He lughatayin (The Dispute of Two Languages) – used the pen name Navoi for his Chagatai a linguistic treatise; 13. Khamsat- poems and Foni for his Persian poems. His ulmuttahayirin (Five Fanciers) – The treatise mastery of Chagatai was such that is came to about Abdurahman Jamiy; 14. Holoti Sayid be known as the language of Navoi. Hasan Ardasher (Sayid Hasan Ardasher‘s life) 15. Holoti Pahlavan Mahmud (Pahlavan MATERIALS AND METHODS Mahmud‘s life) 16. Munshaot (The Letters); 17. Forsiy munshaot (Persian letters); 18. Vaqfiya Alisher Navoi wrote more than 60000 verses. (Vaqfiya note); 19. Tarikhi muluki Ajam (The He left four Diwans or collections of poetry, history about Persian kings); 20. Nazm-ul- belonging to different phases of his life. His javohir (The threading of the pearls) – The Hamsa includes the following (plays): collection about theology and morality; 21. Hayratulabror, Farhod va Shirin, (his rendition Nasoim-ul-muxabbat (Zephyrs of love) – of the famous legend of Shirin and Farhad in Sufiys‘ life; 22. Tarikhi anbiyo va hukamo (The 12,000 lines), Layli va Majnun, Sab'ai sayyor, history about prophets and sages); 23. Sirodj- Saddi Iskandariy. His main prose works are the ul-muslimin (The Light of Orthodoxies‘); 24. Muhakamat alLugatayn (The Trial of the Two Chikhil Khadis (Forty Legends) and others. Languages), a comparison of Turkish and Navoi‘s -The Fifth became one of the most Persian; the Majalis annafais (Seances of the famous promotion of the poet. That work Exquisite), containing much autobiographical opened the emerging of a new stage at the information and facts about the lives of history of a three hundred – literature Turkish poets; and Mizan alawzan (The tradition. Having achieved the top of the glory Measure of Metres), a treatise on Turkish and brilliant success at a lyric genre, Navoi prosody. Alisher Navoi put forward the global addressed to a great epic canvas and got problems with the sufizm in his poetry. down to establish - The Fifth. A Monumental epic cycle of Navoi - The Fifth is considered The USA Journals Volume 02 Issue 09-2020 691 The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations IMPACT FACTOR – (ISSN 2689-100x) 2020: 5. 525 Published: September 30, 2020 | Pages: 690-693 Doi: https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume02Issue09-107 invaluable sample of Uzbek classic literature Navoi took a seat of honor in the history of an which became a wellknown memorial of oriental literature. And other famous scientist world literature. His name is equal in a one line N.I.Ilminskiy highly appreciated Navoi‘s works with the names of Gomer and Dante, Rudaki and noted that Alisher Navoi was a flaming and Firdousi, Nizami and Rustavelli, Saadi and fighter for development of native language. Jami, Shakespeare and Balzac, Pushkin and An English orientalist Ch.Riyo writes that Mir Tolstoy. He devoted al his activity and a deep Alisher Navoi was a historic personality who humanistic creation to serving in the sake of had stated an irreplaceable contribution in the people, flourishing of the science, art and expansion of a Turkic literature. And a well literature. He was a wise counselor and known scientist A.Brown noted that the mentor who taught a whole plied importance of creation heritage and personalities of culture dated XV-XVI patronage of Alisher Navoi is incomparably centuries. Zahiriddin Babur remembered as: - great in his monograph work. Navoi took one Alisher Navoi was a man to whom anybody of the honest place among classics of world wasn‘t equal. He marvelously wrote so many literature. He is named as their teacher by poems in Turkic that anybody hadn‘t written most poets and admired by his immortal such amount until him. Other contemporary creation. Most classic of Tajic literature highly of the poets also give a high mark to Navoi‘s appreciated Navoi‘s literature, Azerbaijani as – creation. In the past all his books in art and Fuzuli, Kishvari, Mirzo Fatali Axundov, Sabir, science were translated into the Eastern and Turkmen poets Azadi, Makxumtuli and Zelili, Western languages. For instance, -The Set of Kazak writer Abay, Kara-Kalpak wielders a Fanciers‖ was translated into the Persian formidable pen Berdax and Adjiniyaz and language more than three times. The first others who devoted their Nadzira – literature translated work into other languages was the answers to separate works of the poet. As a poem -The Seven Planets issued in the Italian sign of acknowledgement to genius, the most language in 1557. Georgian poet dated back of the streets were called by his name in Alma- from the XVII century Tsitsishili carried out a Ata, Baku, Ashkhabad, Kiev and, etc. A free translation of Navoi‘s dastan ―Sabai monument is set to a famous poet in the cities Sayor. At the end of the such as Moscow, Tokyo, Baku, Osh, bás-relief Mazār-e Sharīf in Afghanistan. The crater in RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Mercury is also named after his name. Navai‘s best-known poems are found in his four Russian scientists made a great contribution in divans, or poetry collections, which total learning Navoi‘s creation heritage. They are roughly 50,000 verses. Each part of the work famous peoples such as Ye.A.Bertels, corresponds to a different period of a A.N.Kononov, A.K.Borokov, A.Boldirev, person's life: N.S.Ivanov and others. French Scientist Katramer issued Muhokamat-ul-lughatayin, Ghara‘ib al-Sighar ("Wonders of Childhood") Tarikhi muluki Ajam, H.Vamberi dated Navadir al-Shabab ("Rarities or Witticisms of Mahbub-ul-qulub and the poem -Farhad and Youth") Bada'i' al-Wasat ("Marvels of Middle Shirin in German. A French orientalist M.Belen Age") Fawa'id al-Kibar ("Advantages of Old also translated and issued. -Majolis-un-nafois Age") To help other Turkic poets he wrote in a French language.
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