The Internal Security Forces (I.S.F) in Lebanon Their Creation – History- Development
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Afghanistan State Structure and Security Forces
European Asylum Support Office Afghanistan State Structure and Security Forces Country of Origin Information Report August 2020 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office Afghanistan State Structure and Security Forces Country of Origin Information Report August 2020 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9485-650-0 doi: 10.2847/115002 BZ-02-20-565-EN-N © European Asylum Support Office (EASO) 2020 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: © Al Jazeera English, Helmand, Afghanistan 3 November 2012, url CC BY-SA 2.0 Taliban On the Doorstep: Afghan soldiers from 215 Corps take aim at Taliban insurgents. 4 — AFGHANISTAN: STATE STRUCTURE AND SECURITY FORCES - EASO COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT Acknowledgements This report was drafted by the European Asylum Support Office COI Sector. The following national asylum and migration department contributed by reviewing this report: The Netherlands, Office for Country Information and Language Analysis, Ministry of Justice It must be noted that the review carried out by the mentioned departments, experts or organisations contributes to the overall quality of the report, it but does not necessarily imply their formal endorsement of the final report, which is the full responsibility of EASO. AFGHANISTAN: STATE STRUCTURE AND SECURITY -
Combating Political Violence Movements with Third-Force Options Doron Zimmermann ∗
Between Minimum Force and Maximum Violence: Combating Political Violence Movements with Third-Force Options Doron Zimmermann ∗ Introduction: Balancing the Tools of Counter-Terrorism In most liberal democratic states it is the responsibility of the police forces to cope with “internal” threats, including terrorism, since in such states terrorism is invariably defined as a criminal act rather than a manifestation of insurgent political violence. In many such instances, the resultant quantitative and qualitative overtaxing of law en- forcement capabilities to keep the peace has led to calls by sections of the public, as well as by the legislative and executive branches of government, to expand both the le- gal and operational means available to combat terrorism, and to boost civilian agen- cies’ capacity to deal with terrorism in proportion to the perceived threat. The deterio- rating situation in Ulster in Northern Ireland between 1968 and 1972 and beyond is an illustrative case in point.1 Although there have been cases of successfully transmogrifying police forces into military-like formations, the best-known and arguably most frequent example of aug- mented state responses to the threat posed by insurgent political violence movements is the use of the military in the fight against terrorism and in the maintenance of internal security. While it is imperative that the threat of a collapse of national cohesion due to the overextension of internal civil security forces be averted, the deployment of all branches of the armed forces against a terrorist threat is not without its own pitfalls. Paul Wilkinson has enunciated some of the problems posed by the use of counter-ter- rorism military task forces, not the least of which is that [a] fully militarized response implies the complete suspension of the civilian legal system and its replacement by martial law, summary punishments, the imposition of curfews, military censorship and extensive infringements of normal civil liberties in the name of the exigencies of war. -
TRAFFICKING in PERSONS 2020 COUNTRY PROFILE North Africa and the Middle East Table of Contents − Algeria −
GLOBAL REPORT ON TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS 2020 COUNTRY PROFILE North Africa and the Middle East Table of Contents − Algeria − ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 − Bahrain − .................................................................................................................................................... 5 − Egypt − ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 − Iraq − ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 − Israel − ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 − Jordan − .................................................................................................................................................... 17 − The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia − ................................................................................................................ 18 − Kuwait − .................................................................................................................................................... 20 − Lebanon − ................................................................................................................................................ -
Internal Security Forces
Lebanese Republic Ministry of Interior and Municipalities Directorate General of the Internal Security Forces Internal Security Forces Code of Conduct All rights reserved – Directorate General of the Internal Security Forces © 2011. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Directorate General of the Internal Security Forces. www.isf.gov.lb Foreword by the Minister of Interior and Municipalities From the moment I assumed my responsibilities as Minister of Interior and Municipalities, and throughout my years of military service within the Internal Security Forces (ISF), my foremost concerns were, and continue to be, the enforcement of the law, the maintenance of public order, the reinforcement of security, the preservation of rights and the protection of freedoms. Creating a safe and stable society with decreasing crime rates is dependent on building certain material and ethical pillars. This will reassure the people that they live in an environment where their citizenship is respected, their rights are safeguarded and their dignity is preserved. In a groundbreaking step forward, the Directorate General of the Internal Security Forces is introducing an exhaustive Code of Conduct for its members, laying out their rights and obligations and the way they should interact with the public, authorities, and institutions. This is a pioneering accomplishment and a worthy model for Lebanon and the world as the Code of Conduct establishes institutional, ethical and professional ground rules observing national legislation and international conventions and standards. -
Human Rights and Structure of Police and Internal Security Forces in Uganda Nagujja Zam Zam
Third World Legal Studies Volume 14 The Governance of Internal Security Forces Article 6 in Sub-Saharan Africa 1-6-1997 Human Rights and Structure of Police and Internal Security Forces in Uganda Nagujja Zam Zam Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/twls Recommended Citation Zam Zam, Nagujja (1997) "Human Rights and Structure of Police and Internal Security Forces in Uganda," Third World Legal Studies: Vol. 14, Article 6. Available at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/twls/vol14/iss1/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Valparaiso University Law School at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Third World Legal Studies by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. HUMAN RIGHTS AND STRUCTURE OF POLICE AND INTERNAL SECURITY FORCES IN UGANDA Nagujja Zam Zam I. BACKGROUND Uganda, like many African countries in the pre-colonial era, was a multiplicity of small kingdoms, chiefdoms and tribal societies. The primary interest of these peoples was subsistence. Criminal justice was maintained by kinship and the ultimate right to seek vengeance through the blood feud. There was a large degree of stability without a central authority, and in the 1870s a rudimentary criminal justice system existed. Punishment of breaches of peace was based on individual action rather than an established authority, except in the kingdoms of Buganda and Bunyoro-Kitara which had a more institutionalised set up. In the Buganda, each kingdom had its "army" for protection and expansion of the kingdom through tribal wars. -
Saudi Internal Security: a Risk Assessment
CSIS_______________________________ Center for Strategic and International Studies 1800 K Street N.W. Washington, DC 20006 (202) 775-3270 Access: Web: CSIS.ORG Contact the Author: [email protected] & [email protected] Saudi Internal Security: A Risk Assessment Terrorism and the Security Services- Challenges & Developments Anthony H. Cordesman and Nawaf Obaid Center for Strategic and International Studies Working Draft: May 30, 2004 Please note that this document is a working draft and will be revised regularly as part of the CSIS Saudi Arabia Enters the 21st Century Project. It is also being used by the authors to develop an analysis for the Geneva Center on Security Policy. To comment, or to provide suggestions and corrections to the authors, please e-mail them at [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected]. Cordesman: The Security Apparatus in Saudi Arabia 6/1/04 Page ii INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 THE SAUDI SECURITY APPARATUS ...................................................................................................................... 2 THE LEADERSHIP OF THE SAUDI SECURITY APPARATUS ............................................................................ 2 THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSENSUS AND CONSULTATION ............................................................................ 3 THE SAUDI PARAMILITARY AND INTERNAL SECURITY APPARATUS ..................................................... -
U.S. Army Special Forces Group (Airborne) (U)
CONFIDENTIAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL U.S. ARMY SPECIAL FORCES GROUP (AIRBORNE) (U) Classified by______DA________ Subject to GDS of EO 11652 Automatically Downgrade at Two Year Intervals Declassified on May 3, 1976. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY AUGUST 1955 CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL *FM 31-20 FIELD MANUAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 31-20 WASHINGTON 25, D.C., 10 August 1955 U.S. ARMY SPECIAL FORCES GROUP (AIRBORNE) (U) Paragraphs Page PART ONE. SPECIAL FORCES GROUP ORGANIZATION AND MISSION CHAPTER 1. GENERAL............................................. 1-8 5 2. SPECIAL FORCES GROUP HEADQUARTERS AND STAFF Section I. The unit staff........................................ 9-14 11 II. The special staff ................................. 15-26 17 CHAPTER 3. SPECIAL FORCES AD- MINISTRATIVE UNITS............................................ 27-30 28 CHAPTER 4. SPECIAL FORCES OPER- TIONAL TEAMS.......................... 31-35 34 PART TWO. SPECIAL FORCES GROUP FUNCTIONS AND OP-ERATIONS CHAPTER 5. THE SPECIAL FORCES BASE Section I. Introduction........................................ 36-39 38 II. Command and staff structure..............40,41 41 III. Base functions.................................... 42-46 42 CHAPTER 6. SPECIAL FORCES AD- MINISTRATION........................... 47-51 45 7. SPECIAL FORCES IN- TELLIGENCE ............................... 52-54 49 8. SPECIAL FORCES TRAINING.................................... 55-57 51 *This manual supersedes FM 31-20, 1 February 1951. CONFIDENTIAL 1 CONFIDENTIAL CHAPTER 9. SPECIAL FORCES -
4. the Challenges of Security Sector Reform
4. The challenges of security sector reform DYLAN HENDRICKSON and ANDRZEJ KARKOSZKA* I. Introduction The end of the cold war gave new impetus to pressures for political and eco- nomic liberalization around the globe. States aspiring to democratic gover- nance and strong economies require capable administrative and political struc- tures. A key element is a well-governed security sector, which comprises the civil, political and security institutions responsible for protecting the state and the communities within it. Reform or transformation of the security sector is now seen as an integral part of the transition from one-party to pluralist politi- cal systems, from centrally planned to market economies, and from armed conflict to peace, and is a growing focus of international assistance.1 International interventions under the auspices of the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or powerful individual states carried out since the early 1990s to resolve violent conflicts and assist these transitions have shown immense limitations. External forces have often supplanted the local security apparatus or, in some cases, explicitly sought to dismantle it where it was considered to be a part of the security problem. However, without adequate efforts to restore a viable national capacity in the security domain, external interventions offer at best temporary solutions to security problems and may, in some cases, aggravate the situation. Security sector reform aims to help states enhance the security of their citi- zens. The shift from state- and military-centric notions of security to a greater emphasis on human security has underscored the importance of governance issues and civilian input into policy making. -
Mapping Study on the Security Sector of Turkmenistan
Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance 20TH ANNIVERSARY Mapping Study on the Security Sector of Turkmenistan Dr. Grazvydas JASUTIS, Richard STEYNE, and Elizaveta CHMYKH Daşoguz ASHGABAT Türkmenabat Mapping Study on the Security Sector of Turkmenistan MAPPING STUDY ON THE SECURITY SECTOR OF TURKMENISTAN Dr. Grazvydas JASUTIS, Richard STEYNE, and Elizaveta CHMYKH, experts from the Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance (DCAF) © Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance, 2020 Cover Design: DTP Studio Copyeditor: Jeanine Beck ISBN: 92-9222-518-9 Foreword This study maps key security actors in Turkmenistan, determines their competences and examines over- sight powers and the role of oversight bodies in the broader national security system. It analyses security sector reforms across the intelligence, defence and law-enforcement spheres. Turkmenistan’s presidential system and status of permanent neutrality make its security system unique, even within the context of Central Asia. Surrounded by Afghanistan, Iran, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, the country deals with significant geopolitical and security challenges that determine their foreign and security policy. The study aims to contribute to a better understanding of their security system, particularly in light of the recent developments and changes that have occurred in the security sector. Written and edited by DCAF experts, the study relies on primary and secondary data sources, and con- cludes with recommendations on the areas of the Turkmen security sector which could benefit from re- form. To this end, the study aims to provide guidance and stimulate debate on how national authorities and international actors might better promote human rights and good governance principles in the secu- rity sector of Turkmenistan. -
SCENARIOS Possible Developments in the Profile of the Displaced Population and Humanitarian Access Over the Next 18 Months June 2019
DISPLACEMENT AND ACCESS IN AFGHANISTAN: SCENARIOS Possible developments in the profile of the displaced population and humanitarian access over the next 18 months June 2019 Any questions? Please contact [email protected] Scenario 1 Central government strengthens; reduced violence Scenario 3 Central government weakens; regions strengthen President elected in September receives broad support from all Afghans, a Following inconclusive elections, none of the parties have the power to extend substantive US-Taliban peace deal is reached, and GoA and Taliban agree to negotiate territorial control significantly but seek to consolidate their positions by exerting a form of shared governance. International forces begin a phased withdrawal. Splinter increasing control over the population, including in major urban areas. The GoA is elements of the Taliban, the ISK, and others disrupt security, but this is localised. largely symbolic and provides only specific, limited support to the regions. Conflict International support for state building and counterterrorism increases as part of a intensifies in many areas, predominantly the north, east, and southeast, as faction post-peace economic package while overall humanitarian funding decreases. China leaders seek to maximise areas under their control. Foreign funding reduces. and India begin large-scale investment. Scenario 4 Ineffective central governance; widespread conflict Scenario 2 Limited central governance; increased non-state actor influence A major shock renders the central government ineffective and unable to govern beyond Kabul. With central government focused almost entirely internally and on re- establishing security in Kabul, provincial power brokers seize the opportunity to establish de facto control over the provinces. The balance of power moves from Kabul GoA continues to exert limited political control beyond major urban centres. -
Afghanistan Security Forces Fund (Asff)
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE BUDGET FISCAL YEAR (FY) 2021 February 2020 Justification for FY 2021 Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) Afghanistan Security Forces Fund (ASFF) FISCAL YEAR 2021 OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS (OCO) REQUEST AFGHANISTAN SECURITY FORCES FUND (ASFF) The estimated cost of this report or study for the Department of Defense is approximately $282,000 in Fiscal Years 2019 - 2020. This includes $2,080 in expenses and $280,000 in DoD labor. Generated on 2020Feb04 RefID: C-C447346 FISCAL YEAR 2021 OVERSEAS CONTINGENCY OPERATIONS (OCO) REQUEST AFGHANISTAN SECURITY FORCES FUND (ASFF) (Dollars in Thousands) Table of Contents I. O-1 Exhibit, Funding by Budget Activity Group and Sub-Activity Group ....................................................................................................................... 5 II. The Importance of the Afghanistan Security Forces Fund in the U.S. South Asia Strategy ........................................................................................... 6 A. Budget Activity Groups ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 B. Women in the ANDSF ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 C. Sources of ANDSF Funding ........................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Liam O'shea Phd Thesis
POLICE REFORM AND STATE-BUILDING IN GEORGIA, KYRGYZSTAN AND RUSSIA Liam O’Shea A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2014 Full metadata for this item is available in Research@StAndrews:FullText at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5165 This item is protected by original copyright POLICE REFORM AND STATE-BUILDING IN GEORGIA, KYRGYZSTAN AND RUSSIA Liam O’Shea This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of PhD at the University oF St Andrews Date of Submission – 24th January 2014 1. Candidate’s declarations: I Liam O'Shea hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 83,500 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in October 2008 and as a candidate for the degree of PhD International Relations in November 2009; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2008 and 2014. Date …… signature of candidate ……… 2. Supervisor’s declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD International Relations in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree.