Michel BÉROFF (Piano - France)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Michel BÉROFF (Piano - France) Michel BÉROFF (Piano - France) Born in Epinal on 9 May 1950, Michel Béroff was influenced not only by his father, a music lover with a passion for choral singing, but also by the music of Bartok, Prokofiev and Messiaen. From childhood, Michel Béroff tackled pieces by Bartok and Messiaen. He entered the Conservatoire in Nancy and then Paris, following the classes of Yvonne Loriod and Pierre Sancan. While his early career allowed him rapidly to be considered a remarkable interpreter of Messiaen’s works and more generally of French piano music, Michel Béroff also interpreted other composers such as Beethoven, Brahms, Schumann, Mozart or Stravinsky under the direction of the greatest conductors, among whom we should mention Pierre Boulez, Claudio Abbado, Yutaka Sado, Leonard Berstein, Seiji Ozawa... Very active as a soloist in recitals all over the world, he performed chamber music with many partners such as Augustin Dumay, Pierre Amoyal, Barbara Hendricks, Martha Argerich or Marie-Josèphe Jude. A progressive paralysis of the right hand forced the eclectic virtuoso to interrupt his career as a soloist: he subsequently turned to the interpretation of concertos composed for the left hand, but also to conducting. Thanks to four years of re-education, he gradually returned to chamber music and even resumed giving solo recitals. Exclusive artist of EMI for 20 years, Michel Béroff has recorded, among others, the complete works for piano and orchestra of Liszt, Prokofiev and Stravinsky under the direction of Kurt Masur and Seiji Ozawa. His records have been awarded the "Grand Prix du Disque” five times. After a series of recitals of Claude Debussy's piano works in Paris and Japan, Michel Béroff worked as editor-in-chief for the Wiener Urtext publication of Debussy's piano music in 1998. His teaching career began in 1988 with courses at the University of Bloomington in the United States, and since 1989, he has taught piano at the Conservatoire National de Musique de Paris. .
Recommended publications
  • 2005-2006 PPC Recital-Daisuke Sasaki (Double Bass)
    LYNN UNIVERSITY CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC PROGRAM Daisuke Sasaki, double bass Dr. Jon Robertson, Dean PPC Recital Welcome to the 2005-2006 season . This being my first year as dean of the conservatory, I greet the WithYANG SHEN, piano season with unabated enthusiasm and excitement. The talented musicians and extraordinary performing faculty at Lynn represent the future of the performing Tuesday, December 13, 2005 at 7:30p.m. arts, and you, the patrons, pave the road to their Amarnick-Goldstein Concert Hall artistic success through your presence and generosity. This community engagement is in keeping with the Lynn University, Boca Raton Conservatory of Music's mission: to provide high­ quality professional performance education for gifted young musicians and set a superior standard for music performance worldwide. Sonata in A Major, op.17 •.•..•••••••••••.• Ludwig van Beethoven THE ANNUAL FUND A gift to the Annual Fund can be designated for Allegro moderato scholarships, various studios, special concerts or to Poco adagio quasi andante the General Conservatory Fund. Allegro moderato ADOPT-A-STUDENT You may select from the conservatory's promising Suite No. 3 .....•...........•...•....•..............•........... J. S. Bach young musicians and provide for his or her future through the Conservatory Scholarship Fund. You will enjoy the concert even more when your student Bourree performs. A gift of $25,000 adopts a student for Gigue one year. A gift of $100,000 pays for an education. ESTATE GIFT Intermezzo, op.9 ...•.......•........••.....••.........Reinhold Gliere An estate gift will provide for the conservatory in perpetuity. Your estate gift may be made as a gift of appreciated stock, real estate or cash.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014-2015 Philharmonia No. 4
    Lynn Philharmonia No. 4 2014-2015 Season Lynn Philharmonia Roster VIOLIN CELLO FRENCH HORN JunHeng Chen Patricia Cova Mileidy Gonzalez Erin David Akmal Irmatov Mateusz Jagiello Franz Felkl Trace Johnson Daniel Leon Wynton Grant Yuliya Kim Shaun Murray Herongia Han Elizabeth Lee Raul Rodriguez Xiaonan Huang Clarissa Vieira Clinton Soisson Julia Jakkel Hugo Valverde Villalobos Nora Lastre Shuyu Yao Jennifer Lee DOUBLE BASS Lilliana Marrero August Berger Cassidy Moore Evan Musgrave TRUMPET Yaroslava Poletaeva Jordan Nashman Zachary Brown Vijeta Sathyaraj Amy Nickler Ricardo Chinchilla Yalyen Savignon Isac Ryu Marianela Cordoba Kristen Seto Kevin Karabell Delcho Tenev FLUTE Mark Poljak Yordan Tenev Mark Huskey Natalie Smith Marija Trajkovska Jihee Kim Anna Tsukervanik Alla Sorokoletova TROMBONE Mozhu Yan Anastasia Tonina Mariana Cisneros Zongxi Li VIOLA OBOE Derek Mitchell Felicia Besan Paul Chinen Emily Nichols Brenton Caldwell Asako Furuoya Patricio Pinto Hao Chang Kelsey Maiorano Jordan Robison Josiah Coe Trevor Mansell Sean Colbert TUBA Zefang Fang CLARINET Joseph Guimaraes Roberto Henriquez Anna Brumbaugh Josue Jimenez Morales Miguel Fernandez Sonnak Jacqueline Gillette Nicole Kukieza Jesse Yukimura Amalia Wyrick-Flax Alberto Zilberstein PERCUSSION BASSOON Kirk Etheridge Hyunwook Bae Isaac Fernandez Hernandez Sebastian Castellanos Parker Lee Joshua Luty Jesse Monkman Ruth Santos 2 Lynn Philharmonia No. 4 Guillermo Figueroa, music director and conductor Saturday, February 7 – 7:30 p.m. Sunday, February 8 – 4 p.m. Keith C. and Elaine Johnson Wold Performing Arts Center Märchen von der schönen Melusine, Op. 32 Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847) Concerto for Flute and Orchestra (2013) Behzad Ranjbaran (b. 1955) Jeffrey Khaner, flute INTERMISSION Harold en Italie, H 68 (1834) Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) Harold aux montagnes.
    [Show full text]
  • Acclaimed Pianist Angela Hewitt Joins the Vienna Tonkünstler Orchestra for Beethoven's Heroic 'Emperor Concerto'
    PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE USE Acclaimed pianist Angela Hewitt joins the Vienna Tonkünstler Orchestra for Beethoven’s heroic ‘Emperor Concerto’ Vienna Tonkünstler Orchestra with Angela Hewitt Sunday 28 Oct 2018, 7.30pm Usher Hall, Lothian Road, Edinburgh Bernstein: Three Dance Episodes from On the Town Beethoven: Piano Concerto No. 5 Sibelius: Symphony No. 5 Images available to download here Sibelius’s visionary Fifth Symphony, plus the musical heroism of Beethoven’s Emperor Concerto Following the opening concert from the Russian State Symphony Orchestra, the second concert in the Sunday Classics 2018-19 season sees the Vienna Tonkünstler Orchestra bring an evening of wonderfully varied music to the Usher Hall. Japanese conductor Yutaka Sado and his Orchestra open with musical heroes not often referenced in the Usher Hall: the three wide-eyed sailors on shore leave in Bernstein’s foot-tapping musical On the Town. His feel-good Three Dance Episodes blend jazz, big band and classical to electrifying effect – and feature Bernstein’s hit tune ‘New York, New York’. The remarkable Canadian pianist Angela Hewitt joins Orchestra and conductor for one of the most heroic piano concertos of them all. Beethoven’s noble Emperor Concerto was the composer’s last for the piano, and is cast on a grand scale, but its brilliant, breathtaking virtuosity melds effortlessly with tenderness and exquisite beauty. The piece is an ideal match for Hewitt’s fresh, elegant, powerful playing. Born into a musical family, Hewitt started her piano education at the age of three and has gone on to win awards and fans across the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Spring/Summer 2010 a Quiet Place at New York City Opera
    PRELUDE, FUGUE News for Friends of Leonard Bernstein RIFFS Spring/Summer 2010 A Quiet Place at New York City Opera by George Steel eonard Bernstein himself Lsaid that all of his works - symphonies, piano pieces, songs, all of it - were theatrical. But his works for the stage have a special place in the history of American music. So I am overjoyed to say that New York City Opera will open its 2010-11 season with A Quiet Place, Bernstein's final completed stage work, with a libretto by Stephen Wadsworth. It is undoubtedly one of Bernstein's greatest musical achievements. As a composer, LB always sought "undiscovered country." It is so typical of him that a late work like A Quiet Place would be full of struggle and experimenta­ tion. Every note he wrote "cost," as he would say: he paid in sweat and blood (or really cigarettes and Tums) for music that seems inevitable and even, paradoxically, effortless. He completed A Quiet Place through Herculean effort and self-sacrifice. It is an amazing work - and one that we need more than ever. It is not afraid to challenge and to break new ground - and it reaches in some ways further than other Bernstein Music by Libretto by works to integrate his many Leonard Bernstein Stephen Wadsworth musical languages. Bernstein had an uncanny Pro,lwud l1y Houston Grand Opera, The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts and 1eatro al/a Scala understanding of the theatrical power of music, and all his talent and experience are on display in (continued on page 2) Poster from the Houston Grand Opera premiere production 3 Mass in Virginia 5 Artful Learning Spring 8 In the News Inside ..
    [Show full text]
  • The Concert of the Year 2016 the Best Concert in 2016 Chosen by Each Orchestra 〔1/4/2016-31/3/2017〕 最も印象に残ったコンサート 最も印象に残ったコンサート Full Members
    The Concert of the Year 2016 The best concert in 2016 chosen by each orchestra 〔1/4/2016-31/3/2017〕 最も印象に残ったコンサート 最も印象に残ったコンサート Full Members Sapporo Symphony Orchestra Tokyo Symphony Orchestra The 594th Subscription Concert Tokyo Symphony Subscription Concert No.645 Conducted by Radomil Eliška Conducted by Jonathan Nott Smetana: “Wallenstein's Camp” vn: Isabelle Faust Dvořák: Scherzo capriccioso Beethoven: Violin Concerto Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 5 Shostakovich: Symphony No.10 14 & 15 October 2016 Sapporo Concert Hall; Kitara 15 October 2016 Suntory Hall Sendai Philharmonic Orchestra Tokyo City Philharmonic Orchestra The 300th Subscription Concert The 300th Subscription Concert Conducted by Pascal Verrot Conducted by Ken Takaseki Berlioz: Symphonie fantastique Satoshi Nishimura, Faust Berlioz: “Lelio”(monodrama) 14b Akiya Fukushima, Méphistophélès 15 & 16 April 2016 Hitachi Systems Hall Sendai Michiko Hayashi, Marguerite Concert Hall Tatsuhiko Kitagawa, Brander Chorus: TCPO Chor/ Chorusmaster: Takahiro Fujimaru, Yamagata Symphony Orchestra Children's chorus: KOTO Boys & Girls Chor, The 256th Subscription Concert Berlioz: “La damnation de Faust”, Légende dramatique Conducted by Radek Baborak 10 September 2016 Tokyo Opera City Concert Hall hrn: Radek Baborak Na'ama Tamir: “Spring Illusions” Tokyo Metropolitan Symphony Orchestra Mendelssohn: Lieder ohne Worte (arr.Paul Angerer) Beethoven: Symphony No.4 TMSO Special / Subscription Concert No.812 B Series 15 & 16 October 2016 Yamagata Terrsa Hall Conducted by Alan Gilbert Mozart: Symphony
    [Show full text]
  • Ünstler Symphonie Yutaka Sado Anton
    YUTAKA SADO TONKÜNSTLER ORCHESTER ANTON BRUCKNER 8. SYMPHONIE Recorded LIVE at the Wiener Musikverein ORCHESTER ANTON BRUCKNER (1824–1896) アントン・ブルックナー Symphonie Nr. 8 c-Moll | Symphony No. 8 in C minor | 交響曲第8番 ハ短調 Gesamtlänge 85’03 Total Length | 演奏時間合計 Fassung/Edition: Robert Haas | Version/Edition by Robert Haas | ロベルト・ハース版 YUTAKA SADO COMPACT DISC 1 佐渡裕 1 Dirigent | Conductor | Allegro moderato 15’36 指揮 ア レ グ ロ・モ デ ラ ート TONKÜNSTLER-ORCHESTER Tonkunstler Orchestra 2 Scherzo. Allegro moderato; Trio. Langsam 15’17 トーンキュンストラー管弦楽団 Scherzo. Allegro moderato; Trio. Slow. スケルツォ。アレグロ・モデラート – トリオ。ゆっくりと 3 Adagio. Feierlich langsam, doch nicht schleppend 27’26 Werkbeschreibung P 06 Adagio. Solemnly slow, but not dragging Description of the Work P 18 アダージョ。荘重にゆっくりと、しかしひきずらないように 作品解説 P 30 COMPACT DISC 2 Biografien P 12 Biographies P 26 1 Finale. Feierlich, nicht schnell 26’40 バ イオグ ラフィー P 38 Finale. Solemn, not fast フィナーレ。荘重に、急がず P 2 P 3 ANTON BRUCKNER de, sondern auch von Verwerfungen, Zweifeln und Umarbeitungen schon während Konzeption Symphonie Nr. 8 c-Moll und erster Reinschrift gekennzeichnet war: Zunächst war das Adagio wie üblich an zweiter Stelle vorgesehen, später stellte Bruckner jedoch nach dem Vorbild von Beethovens Neunter die Mittelsätze um, wie er es seinerzeit schon in der Zweiten erprobt hatte. Das veranlasste «Tagelang habe ich studiert, aber ich kann mir das Werk nicht zu eigen machen. Fern sei es von ihn, die Gestalt des Adagios abzuändern – durchaus möglich, dass gerade der völlig unge - mir, ein Urteil aussprechen zu wollen [...] aber ich finde die Instrumentation unmöglich und was wohnte Jubel für die Siebte, der sozusagen immer wieder in Bruckners Arbeitszimmer schall - mich besonders erschreckt hat, ist die große Ähnlichkeit mit der 7ten, das fast Schablonenmäßige te, den bis dahin überwiegend recht flüssigen Fortschritt seiner Kompositionen beeinflusste.
    [Show full text]
  • Ken Hsieh Biography (2019-09)
    Ken Hsieh Biography (2019-09) A Charming, Passionate and Compelling presence on the podium, Award Winning Conductor Kenneth Hsieh, has gained widespread attention for his vibrant performances, making him one of the most exciting and versatile young conductors on the international stage today. The 2019-2020 season marks his 17th year as Music Director of the Vancouver Metropolitan Orchestra in addition to his many international guest conducting engagements. This season highlights include: Ken returning multiple times to Chengdu, China to open the 2019-2020 season opening concert as well as several subscription concerts with the Sichuan Philharmonic Orchestra, additional appearances with the Tokyo Ballet through Le Cosaire, Tokyo City Philharmonic Orchestra, Kansai Philharmonic Orchestra, Suzhou Symphony Orchestra, GuanXi Symphony Orchestra, and Nippon Century Orchestra in Osaka. In recent years he has made his debuts with Boston Ballet, Edmonton Symphony Orchestra, Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra, Sendai Philharmonic Orchestra, only to name a few. In his ninth year, he continues his regular summer performances with the Toronto Festival Orchestra at HarbourFront Center. Born in Edmonton, Canada, Ken is the winner of several prestigious conducting prizes including: the Heinz Unger Award in Conducting, and the Jean-Marie Beaudet Award in Orchestral Conducting. His conducting teachers and coaches have included: Kurt Masur, Kazuyoshi Akiyama, Morihiro Okabe, Yuji Yuasa, Ronald Zollman, and Jorma Panula. A graduate of both the Royal Conservatory of Music and the University of British Columbia, he completed his post-graduate studies in orchestral conducting in Japan at the prestigious Toho Gakuen School of Music, and Senzoku College of Music on full scholarship.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottaviano Cristofoli (Trumpet / Italy)
    Ottaviano Cristofoli (Trumpet / Italy) BIOGRAPHY Born in Udine on 29/08/1986 , he began studying trumpet with the Prof. Fabiano Cudiz and in 2004 he graduated from the Conservatory of Udine J.Tomadini under the guidance of Prof. Marco Tampieri . In 2004 he joined the ” Italian Youth Orchestra ” following the orchestra courses of ” Music School of Fiesole ” until 2006. For the next two years he studies with Prof. Davide Simoncini and regularly visits Chicago,as private student, with Clavenger Dale , Rex Martin , Tage Larsen and Chris Martin , members of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. During this period he was able to collaborate as first trumpet with several Italian orchestras , Orchestra Sinfonica di Milano ” la Verdi ” Orchestra of the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa ” Orchestra of ” Teatro di San Carlo “in Naples , Orchestra del Teatro ” La Fenice in Venice ” Haydn Orchestra of Bolzano and Trento, Orchestra of the ” Treatro Verd ” the Trieste Orchestra of ” Teatro dell ` Opera di Roma .” From 2006 to 2008 he`s member of the ” Schleswig -Holstein Musik Festival Orchestra ” in Germany, SHMF , conducted by Christoph Eschenbach . In 2007 after audition became “Associate Member” of the Chicago Civic Orchestra, and Associate Member of the ” New World Symphony Orchestra in Miami (USA). Also in 2007, after audition is eligible for ” Substitute Principal Trumpet ” and “Extra trumpet Member” in the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. In 2008 he won, again in Chicago audition for “co -principal trumpet” of the “Hyogo Performing Art Center Orchestra” ( HPAC ) in Kobe, Japan , with artistic director Yutaka Sado. He moved to Japan and spent a few months from the start of the activities with the HPAC was invited as a guest to the “Japan Philharmonic Orchestra ” in Tokyo .
    [Show full text]
  • Yutaka Sado Chef D’Orchestre
    Yutaka Sado Chef d’orchestre Né à Kyoto, Directeur Musical du Tonkünstler- Orchester depuis le début de la saison 2015- 2016, Yutaka Sado est considéré comme un des chefs d’orchestre japonais majeurs de notre temps. L’orchestre a annoncé l’extension de son contrat jusqu’à l’été 2022, lors l’ouverture de la dixième édition du Festival de Grafenegg en août 2016. Après avoir été l’assistant de Leonard Bernstein et Seiji Ozawa, Yutaka Sado remporte des Prix importants : Grand Prix du 39ème Concours International des jeunes chefs d’orchestre de Besançon en 1989 et le Grand Prix à la Leonard Bernstein Jerusalem International Music Competition en 1995. Ses liens étroits avec son mentor l’amène à prendre le poste de Chef d’orchestre en résidence du Pacific Music Festival de Sapporo, créé par Leonard Bernstein. En décembre 1990, lors du concert en mémoire de ce dernier, à la cathédrale Saint John the Divine à NeW York, Yutaka Sado est sollicité pour diriger une partie du concert. Depuis 2005, Yutaka Sado est Directeur Artistique du Hyogo Performing Arts Center (PAC) et de son orchestre. Cette maison de concert et de théâtre est devenue avec les années une institution culturelle de référence au Japon, avec quelque 60 000 abonnés annuels. Au Japon, Yutaka Sado jouit d’une énorme popularité, notamment grâce au programme TV auquel il participe de 2008 à 2015, faisant ainsi rentrer la musique classique dans les foyers japonais. Depuis 20 ans, il dirige chaque année, au stade d’Osaka, la représentation de la Neuvième Symphonie de Beethoven, avec 10 000 choristes.
    [Show full text]
  • Leonard Bernstein at 100” Will Honor the Life and Career of the Legendary Conductor and Composer
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 9, 2017 Craig Urquhart // [email protected] // (646) 354-0250 Howard Bragman // [email protected] // (323) 556-9700 Matt Ross // [email protected] // (212) 756-1248 leonardbernstein.com/resources/press-room “LEONARD BERNSTEIN AT 100” WILL HONOR THE LIFE AND CAREER OF THE LEGENDARY CONDUCTOR AND COMPOSER Two-Year Centennial Celebration Kicks off at The John F. Kennedy Center on September 22, 2017, Followed By More Than 1,000 Events on Six Continents The Leonard Bernstein Office today announced “Leonard Bernstein at 100,” a two-year global celebration of the life and career of the 20th century cultural giant, featuring more than 1,000 events on six continents. A kickoff at The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts on Friday, September 22, 2017 will officially launch the celebrations which continue worldwide through the end of August 2019. The announcement at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York was hosted by film and television actor Alec Baldwin, who is also the radio broadcast host of the New York Philharmonic, Bernstein’s orchestra for many years. Jamie Bernstein, Alexander Bernstein and Nina Bernstein Simmons spoke about their father’s legacy. Joining them to celebrate Bernstein’s contributions were Yannick Nézet-Séguin, Principal Conductor of The Philadelphia Orchestra and Music Director Designate of The Metropolitan Opera; celebrated actress Whoopi Goldberg, who spoke of Bernstein’s humanitarian work and social activism; and rising soprano Julia Bullock, who paid tribute to Bernstein the composer with a performance of Bernstein songs, accompanied on the piano by Michael Barrett.
    [Show full text]
  • Yutaka Sado Conductor
    Yutaka Sado conductor Yutaka Sado is one of the most important Japanese conductors of our time. Since the season 2015- 16 he is Chief Conductor of the Tonkünstler-Orchester in Austria, where his contract has been extended already until including the season 2024-25. After several years of assisting Leonard Bernstein and Seiji Ozawa, Yutaka Sado won such prestigious conducting prizes as the Grand Prix of the 39th «Concours international de jeunes chefs d'orchestre» in Besançon, France in 1989, and in 1995 the Grand Prix of the «Leonard Bernstein Jerusalem International Music Competition». His close ties with his mentor led to his appointment as Conductor in Residence at the Pacific Music Festival in Sapporo, which had been founded by Bernstein. At the «Leonard Bernstein Memorial Concert» in the cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York in December 1990, Yutaka Sado conducted alongside other Bernstein protégés. Sado, born in Kyoto, has been Artistic Director of the Hyogo Performing Arts Center (PAC) and Chief Conductor of the PAC Orchestra since 2005. With around 60,000 subscribers and over half-a-million visitors per year, this concert house and theatre has become one of Japan's leading artistic venues. Yutaka Sado's popularity in Japan is enormous, not least thanks to the weekly TV program «Untitled Concert» that he presented from 2008 to 2015 and in which he brought the world of classical music closer to Japanese music enthusiasts. For almost 20 years now, he has been directing the annual performance of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony with 10,000 choir singers at a stadium in Osaka.
    [Show full text]
  • “Leonard Bernstein at 100” Will Honor the Life and Career of the Legendary Conductor and Composer
    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE May 9, 2017 Craig Urquhart // [email protected] // (646) 354-0250 Howard Bragman // [email protected] // (323) 556-9700 Matt Ross // [email protected] // (212) 756-1248 leonardbernstein.com/resources/press-room “LEONARD BERNSTEIN AT 100” WILL HONOR THE LIFE AND CAREER OF THE LEGENDARY CONDUCTOR AND COMPOSER Two-Year Centennial Celebration Kicks off at The John F. Kennedy Center on September 22, 2017, Followed By More Than 1,000 Events on Six Continents The Leonard Bernstein Office today announced “Leonard Bernstein at 100,” a two-year global celebration of the life and career of the 20th century cultural giant, featuring more than 1,000 events on six continents. A kickoff at The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts on Friday, September 22, 2017 will officially launch the celebrations which continue worldwide through the end of August 2019. The announcement at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York was hosted by film and television actor Alec Baldwin, who is also the radio broadcast host of the New York Philharmonic, Bernstein’s orchestra for many years. Jamie Bernstein, Alexander Bernstein and Nina Bernstein Simmons spoke about their father’s legacy. Joining them to celebrate Bernstein’s contributions were Yannick Nézet-Séguin, Principal Conductor of The Philadelphia Orchestra and Music Director Designate of The Metropolitan Opera; celebrated actress Whoopi Goldberg, who spoke of Bernstein’s humanitarian work and social activism; and rising soprano Julia Bullock, who paid tribute to Bernstein the composer with a performance of Bernstein songs, accompanied on the piano by Michael Barrett.
    [Show full text]