CSC Annual Report Csc ANNUAL REPORT 2011

CSC annual report csc ANNUAL REPORT 2011

CSC – IT CENTER FOR SCIENCE LTD.

Application Services Application Services serves high-level research by maintaining a wide selection of scientific software and databases and by providing the related expert support and training in different fields of science. Applica- tion Services also maintains and develops CSC’s own software products that support research.

Funet Network CSC maintains and develops the Funet network that serves Finnish research and higher education. Funet is connected to the global research network community through the Nordic NORDUnet network. The broad-scale expertise of the Funet specialists is made available to the entire Finnish research community and to national government. The network has approximately 375,000 users and more than 80 member organizations.

Data Services for Science and Culture Data Services for Science and Culture develops and maintains services that support storage and usability of data. The services include about 60 scientific databases, a MySQL-based database service, PaITuli geospatial data, and the services offered for university libraries and the National Audiovisual Archive. Collaborating with other national stakeholders, CSC develops the operational practices and tools on data availability and long-term preservation.

Computing Services Computing Services maintains and develops a top-level computing environment to meet research needs. Researchers and higher education institutions benefit from Computing Services’ expertise in scientific computing and IT consulting, including algorithm design, code opti- mization, and parallelization, computing projects, and acquisition of server hardware.

Information Management Services Information Management Services supports the national science and education policy and academic management and administration by providing IT consulting and planning and cost-effective hosting services for shared and centralized information systems. table of contents

CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011

40 great years behind us, many even greater ahead...... 5 CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION...... 31 A year of challenges and success...... 5 Hippu and Murska had the highest number of users...... 31 Cost-effective services of high quality...... 5 The heaviest use in nanoscience and physics projects...... 31 Promoting competitiveness for Finnish research...... 5 The most used was Gromacs application program...... 32 Pioneer in sustainable development...... 6 Academy of Finland projects use almost half of A future full of opportunities...... 6 the computing time...... 32 Thank you for the successful cooperation...... 6 Customer communication...... 32 20 biggest computing projects...... 33

SOCIETAL IMPACT...... 8 Customer training and other events at CSC...... 34 Objectives for societal impact...... 8 CSC’s clientele is turning Global...... 34 High-quality information for management...... 8 Increased collaboration in EU-funded projects...... 35 Creating sustainable partnerships through customer orientation....8 ORGANIZATION...... 37

APPLICATION SERVICES ...... 11 Personnel ...... 37 Maintenance of scientific software and databases...... 11 Recruiting...... 37 Management of licenses and consortia...... 11 The specialist career path model was taken into use...... 37 Specialist services...... 11 Indicator values ...... 37 Software engineering...... 11 2011 personnel representation in management ...... 37 Scientist’s User Interface...... 11 Elmer...... 12 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE...... 38 Chipster...... 12 General Meeting of Shareholders ...... 38 The most significant projects...... 12 Board of Directors...... 38 New achievements...... 15 Duties of the Board...... 38 Managing Director...... 39

FUNET SERVICES...... 17 Deputy Managing Director...... 39 Network availability of top quality...... 17 Management Group...... 39 New member organization and new services...... 17 Compensation...... 39 Collaboration...... 18 Internal control, risk management, and internal auditing...... 40 Funet member organizations...... 18 Audit of the accounts...... 40 CSC organization December 31, 2011...... 41

DATA SERVICES FOR SCIENCE AND CULTURE...... 21 Collaborations and results...... 21 MANAGEMENT GROUP AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS PERSONAL INFORMATION WITH RESPONSIBILITIES AND OUTSIDE INTERESTS Services usage...... 21 (CORPORATE GOVERNANCE)...... 43 Management Group 31.12.2011...... 43 COMPUTING SERVICES...... 23 Directors of CSC Service Areas 31.12.2011...... 45 Usage and development of the services...... 23 Members of the Board of Directors 31.12.2011...... 46 Procurement of the new supercomputer and data storage platform...... 23 Balance Sheet...... 49 Distributed computing services...... 23 Support for science and Grand Challenge projects...... 24 Audit Report...... 59 Cloud services development...... 24 ELIXIR...... 25 STATISTICS...... 60 CSC’s role as a member of ELIXIR...... 25

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES...... 27 Usage and development of the services...... 27 KOTA and AMKOTA...... 27 Haka and Virtu...... 27 SALAMA and Eduuni...... 28 IT General Secretary services for higher education institutions..28 Oodi...... 28 Joo consortium...... 28 Avoinyliopisto.fi...... 28 Use-related services...... 28 RAKETTI...... 28 RAKETTI Steering Group...... 29

CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 3 ??????? MANAGING DIRECTOR´S REVIEW

40 great years behind us, many even greater ahead

An eventful year for CSC, 2011 is now over. Our workload was heavy, increased by 25 percent, which means that the total usage of comput- but we achieved a lot, too. Examples worth mentioning are the Kajaani ing time per year is almost a hundred million CPU hours. The Academy Datacenter agreement, considerable responsibilities in research data of Finland Centres of Excellence are using half of CSC’s computing ca- projects, advancement in the calls for tenders on high-performance pacity and their needs for computing resources have increased year computing and data management equipment, the internationally after year. Demand for application programs has clearly increased as extensive EUDAT project, and a number of other important projects well, because almost half of last year’s computing time was used by on data communication, data management, and software develop- application programs maintained by CSC. In February CSC provided its ment. We have improved our services but in addition to that, we have customers with a completely renewed Scientist’s User Interface (SUI) strengthened and developed CSC’s support functions and operative service. The new web-based service was well received and the num- procedures. In recognition of our environmentally friendly operations, ber of users on the portal tripled compared to user figures for the old in November CSC was awarded the right to use the Green Office label. extranet service. In 2011, almost 3,000 customers used the new SUI Hence, we have every reason to be satisfied with the achievements of either for accessing CSC’s services or updating their customer infor- last year. mation. International Funet traffic showed, again, a clear increase of 40 percent. The number of Funet member organizations increased with four A YEAR OF CHALLENGES AND SUCCESS new members joining, so the Funet network now consists of more than 80 member organizations and 375,000 end users. The usage The past year was a celebratory year at CSC. The 40 years old CSC is a of the Haka Federation at higher education institutions also showed Finnish success story, in which a unit of a few people has grown into an strong growth. In 2011 the number of logins was 9.4 million, where- internationally significant IT center for science. The centralized model as the corresponding figure in 2010 was 7.8 million. The most active used in Finland, with high-performance computing, software services, months were in the last quarter, so it seems likely that the growth of data infrastructures, the research network, and data management ser- the Haka service will continue. Several new partner contracts with services all brought together under the same roof, is able to serve on a vice providers were signed for Haka in 2011, and at the year end the broad scale and remain competitive both in quality and cost-efficiency Haka Federation provided access to 124 registered services. in the European research environment. Previously we have mainly fol- CSC’s anniversary year was also an active year of training and lowed in the footsteps of our large partners, but today we are, our- events. New records were set in the numbers of events and partici- selves, being taken as the model that others try to learn from. Our arrival pants. The number of training days was 150 touching a total of 2,760 at today’s situation is due to the far-sighted IT and science policies and stakeholders’ representatives. wise decisions that have been successfully implemented by the many people and interest groups that have influenced our operations. PROMOTING COMPETITIVENESS FOR FINNISH RESEARCH

COST-EFFECTIVE SERVICES OF HIGH QUALITY CSC is striving to produce high-quality IT services for the Finnish research community. While we support increasingly international state- The year 2011 was a year of rapid growth and this development is likely of-the-art research in Finland, our company has become well known to continue. The turnover is likely to increase significantly, as will staff in international spheres. We have participated in several EU projects, numbers. In particular, externally funded project work will increase. Our 20 of which are currently ongoing, and chaired in important European rapid growth during a time of financial restraint will place CSC in the committees and strategic bodies. People count on CSC’s expertise spotlight, which means that we have to produce cost-effective services and know-how and place great expectations on us. Most recently this of high quality and proactively sense the needs of our customers. Both was evidenced by the EUDAT project that CSC is coordinating. EUDAT, government and higher education funding is scarce and CSC will have initiated in October, is the most significant EU project relating to data to be able to provide services that are better than ever but at less costs infrastructure, focusing on research collaboration, and involving 25 than before – this is not easy but it can be done. partners and 13 countries. The number of users of many of our services increased during However, we do not aspire to international activities per se but to 2011. The amount of computing resources used by CSC’s customers improving the operational infrastructure in Finland. By participating

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actively we can not only adjust the European system to make it more education institutions and research institutions, and within the state suitable for small countries but also bring world-class resources for administration but also elsewhere will produce considerable advan- use by our researchers through collaboration. Our successful collabo- tages in the long term. Do we have the will to set out, open-mindedly ration and influence are well evidenced through applications in the and collaboratively, to build a new kind of data management service fields of, for example, high-performance computing, grid infrastruc- environment? It is a challenge, but the reward will be worth the ef- tures, and data networks. forts.

Images from top to bottom:

PIONEER IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THANK YOU FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COOPERATION Univac 1108 located in VTKK's computer room. CSC's vision is to be the pioneer in sustainable ICT services by the year The past 40 years have been a time of success. The good results are 2015. This is associated with the idea that activities relating to research due, above all, to skillful people, i.e. CSC's employees, customers, Univac 1108 was introduced in year 1971. infrastructures and the related IT services will increasingly be trans- decision-makers, and collaboration partners. We could not have man- Univac's theoretical peak performance was 93 000 floating point operations per second. ferred to Finland from other countries. We are quickly progressing aged without the consistent support from decision-makers and their towards the realization of this vision. Ecoefficient solutions regarding commitment to CSC's development – nor without our skillful and Supercomputer Cray X-MP/EA was installed the datacenter facilities, investments in green information technol- research-committed customers. During these years we have had the in autumn 1989. Photo: University of Helsinki, ogy, a good training system, and a wide selection of services will help good fortune to enjoy both of these privileges. Atte Rusanen. us to achieve our goals. The most important element of this entity is, My sincerest thanks for excellent cooperation during 2011 belong however, the specialized and motivated collection of people working to CSC’s staff, customers, the Ministry of Education and Culture, and in skillful and innovative groups. other stakeholders. Let us make 2012 just as successful.

Kimmo Koski A FUTURE FULL OF OPPORTUNITIES Managing Director CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. The conditions we face for the next years ahead are good, though we have a number of challenges. The tight economic situation requires prioritization and places pressures on us to succeed. To maintain competitiveness with the same investments we have to attain even better results than before. CSC must hold on to its customer-oriented services and our humble approach emphasizing national collaboration to guarantee success also in the future. Challenges generate new possibilities: Finnish holistic IT service for science. Thanks to the centralized model we have the critical mass and being a limited company we have the ability to act rapidly in changing situations. By increasing the cross-disciplinary collaboration on research and IT services we can still improve the operating environment we provide for Finnish research. The new computing and data equipment that will be installed from autumn 2012 onwards will provide Finnish research with internationally competitive resources. The role of training skills will be emphasized in the increasingly complex world. Data centers and eco-efficient information technology. Finland’s geographical location and climate provide us with excellent possibilities for operating high-end data centers. In the future, data centers will be significantly larger, but there will be fewer of them – for example, in the United States they plan to remove from use almost 1,000 data centers within the next few years. Can we turn this field into a new national spearhead for Finland? The Finnish government has almost 200 data centers housing thousands of servers. There is clear demand for collaboration! When building data centers, equipment is not the only thing that needs emphasizing; it is essential to ensure that the data centers will create active and innovative activities, such as research, education and training, product development, and services. Collaboration in data management. By removing overlap, utilizing synergy benefits, and harmonizing procedures not only at higher

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SOCIETAL IMPACT

OBJECTIVES FOR SOCIETAL IMPACT Culture Publications 2011:4) the working group, coordinated by CSC, listed the activities to strengthen political volition, to create a national At the beginning of 2011 CSC defined three objectives for its operations information policy, and to build the data infrastructure for research. to perform our societal service duties. The first objective,CSC – enabling The intent stated in the roadmap was recorded in Prime Minister Jyrki management by knowledge strives to advance sustainable planning Katainen’s Government Programme in summer 2011. To ensure ex- and decision-making. It responds to the challenge set in Prime Minister ecution of the proposals for measures, the Ministry of Education and Jyrki Katainen’s Government Programme (June 22, 2011) on improv- Culture appointed CSC to coordinate the Data for Research project being the use of information and interoperability of data systems. Our tween higher education institutions, research institutions, state offic- second objective, Creating sustainable partnerships through customer es, and ministries. The project will be implemented from 2011 to 2013 orientation captures our volition to understand the reality of the cus- and the aim is to improve the accessibility of electronic research data. tomer and enhance continuous dialogue. From society’s point of view, important results are often created as a result of long-term cooperation between several parties. Through our third objective, Providing CREATING SUSTAINABLE PARTNERSHIPS THROUGH integrated solutions through cloud services, we want to build success CUSTOMER ORIENTATION into the Finnish research system. CSC is responsible for maintaining the state-owned centralized IT As a state-owned special assignment company, CSC does not operate infrastructure and, through this, provide and develop national IT ser- in competitive markets. Our activities are fuelled by a desire to obtain vices for research, teaching, and administrative functions. CSC does a deeper understanding of our customers’ needs so that we can work not strive to make a financial profit, but the state investment in CSC is together to build solutions that serve research, teaching, culture, and directed to yielding earnings in the form of Finnish competitiveness Finnish society. and enhanced wellbeing. The nature of our operations is well reflected in our collaboration with the National Digital Library. Preserving the digital data of libraries, archives, and museums is an important task as part of fostering our HIGH-QUALITY INFORMATION FOR MANAGEMENT national cultural heritage. In 2011 CSC completed a detailed plan for the implementation of long-term preservation (LTP) of the National In 2011 CSC implemented its first objective by continuing the coordina- Digital Library data (Pitkäaikaissäilytyksen toteuttamissuunnitelma). tion of the RAKETTI project. The aim of RAKETTI is to achieve improve- CSC will supply the infrastructure for the digital LTP system. The sys- ments in the quality and availability of the information needed in the tem is scheduled for implementation in 2016. The LTP system is being steering, impact monitoring, and internal management of higher educa- planned so that the system can later also be utilized for preserving infrastructure as a service form. ELIXIR is a central infrastructure project attention both in local and national media. The new data center was tion institutions. The common concept model produced in the project future electronic research data. to advance Finnish bio- and medicinal research. The project is directed planned by taking environmental values into account and the ecologi- is a precondition to guarantee functional and interoperable communi- towards improving knowledge and skills, and to multifaceted utilization cally sustainable production phase is scheduled to be started during cation between different organizations. The project surveyed also the Efficient research infrastructures boosting growth of research data. 2012. prerequisites for building a shared national publication register and cre- By building on a fortified foundation of knowledge and skills and de- The infrastructure for computational science provided by CSC ated an enterprise architecture model for shared research and research veloping research infrastructures we can pave the way for sustained will significantly increase during the next few years. The competitive Reporting on social responsibility administration at higher education institutions. The work on enterprise economic growth. In July 2011, the Ministry of Education and Culture tendering process that was initiated at the end of 2010 on the pro- CSC’s social responsibility is crystallized in our values: Quality through architecture implements the obligations set in the Act of Information signed an important Memorandum of Understanding through which curement of the new supercomputer, cluster capacity, and storage cooperation, Passionate about expertise, Responsibility and openness, management Governance in Public Administration (634/2011) that Finland joined a project to construct a pan-European distributed re- systems proceeded in 2011 to the point that the acquisitions will be fi- People are key. Responsible thinking guides our daily decisions and our came into force in 2011. It enhances interoperability between higher search infrastructure for bioinformatics. An integrated Finnish service nalized at the beginning of 2012. The investments make it possible to way to work with society around us. In reporting on social responsibility education institutions, authorities, and stakeholders by developing node for the European bioinformatics research infrastructure is being raise research goals to a new level and they will place Finland amongst CSC follows the Government Resolution on State Ownership Policy (doc. collaboration structures and information structures. planned by the Biomedinfra consortium, the partners of which are CSC, the leading countries in Europe with regard to its computational sci- no. 14/030/2011). The reporting is based on the G3 guideline of the In February 2011 the cross-sectoral working group, nominated by the National Institute for Health and Welfare, and the Institute of Mo- ence infrastructure. Global Reporting Initiative and the general guideline on reporting issued the Ministry of Education and Culture, submitted the final report of lecular Medicine for Finland (FIMM). CSC is the national representative The new supercomputer will be placed in the data center being by the Accountancy Board. We approach social responsibility according the Tutkimuksen tietoaineistot (Data for research) project to Minis- in the ELIXIR project that strives to compile biological data produced by built in Kajaani. In November 11, 2011 CSC signed a contract with to the tripartite model, from economic, social, and environmental re- ter Henna Virkkunen. In the report Information into use – Roadmap the entire European research community and to maintain the related IT UPM on building a data center in the Renforsin Ranta business park sponsibility perspectives. CSC’s social responsibility indicators and other to utilizing electronic research materials (Ministry of Education and services. During the project’s preparative phase CSC developed cloud in Kajaani. The venture is regionally important and it created positive related material are presented in an appendix of the Annual Report.

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APPLICATION SERVICES

Application Services serves high-level research by maintaining a wide we are active in visiting research groups to show them how to use CSC’s selection of scientific software and databases and by providing the re- services efficiently. lated expert support and training in different fields of science. Applica- tion Services also maintains and develops CSC’s own software products that support research. SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

Scientist's User Interface MAINTENANCE OF SCIENTIFIC SOFTWARE AND DATABASES The Scientist’s User Interface, SUI portal is an eService portal for all CSC’s customers. It provides seamless access to several services maintained CSC maintains about 200 scientific software solutions and databases. by CSC, such as computing and data services. Most of the software applications are installed on CSC's centralized com- The development work on the SUI portal was actively continued puting servers. Software and databases are available for many differ- in 2011. Several new services were added to the portal and new func- ent disciplines, such as biosciences, physics, earth sciences, chemistry, tions were added to the existing services. The new services published language research, drug design, mathematics, nanoscience, structural on the portal include Host Monitor to keep track of the load and jobs analysis, statistics, computational fluid dynamics, and visualization. on computing servers, Language Bank rights for electronic application for downloading linguistics resources, and a video viewing service. The development work on the portal’s user interface was focused MANAGEMENT OF LICENSES AND CONSORTIA especially on improving the visual look and overall usability. For example, the My Projects service now includes graphic presentations of For a number of applications, CSC maintains a licensing service that al- the resource consumption in CSC's customer projects. During 2011 in- lows customers to download the software onto their own computers, or terface was developed to the upcoming Scientist’s Ida storage service, the software can be used on third party servers through a web interface. which means that SUI now integrates the central CSC data services for CSC’s software collection included a national academic license for about use through one and the same interface. 30 commercial applications. Some of the commercial licenses have been A completely renewed Liferay-based service was published on Feb- acquired in collaboration with customers, as consortia. Currently CSC ruary 21,Application 2011. software usage according coordinates seven such software consortia. In these, the licensing costs to processor time 2011 are divided between users, while CSC negotiates the contract with the 3 % 2 % 1 % software vendors and maintains the license service. 3 % 3 % Gromacs At the national level, the acquisition of scientific application soft- 3 % ware, centralized maintenance and user support bring cost-effective- VASP 9 % 29 % ness and added value for researchers. By attaining centrally managed GPAW shared licenses the price is usually more favorable per user. The man- NAMD agement of centrally run software saves resources within researcher Gaussian groups so that the scientists are free to concentrate on research. Turbomole Amber SPECIALIST SERVICES Octopus 22 % Matlab Application Services supports end-users in the use of software, guides Other them in problem situations, and helps customers to choose the most powerful tools and methods to solve their computing problems. The service is supplemented with high-level method support in various 25 % disciplines and expertise in numerical methods and visualization. We also offer our customers numerous courses and training events, and The usage of application software by processor time in 2011.

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Elmer by funding short-term visits to research groups that participate in the Of CSC’s own software, Elmer is the oldest program still being devel- project. At the same time, visiting researchers are granted access to oped. Its development was started in 1995 as part of the computational some of the most powerful supercomputers in Europe such as CSC’s fluid dynamics technology program of the Finnish Funding Agency for computing environment. Thanks to CSC’s participation, research groups Technology and Innovation (Tekes). The high-level of abstraction cho- in all Finnish universities can host a HPC-Europa2 visitor. In 2011 the sen during the early years and the continuous work carried out in many project accepted 24 visits to Finland, which exceeded the goal by 60 of the application fields are amongst the reasons why Elmer is the glob- percent. ally leading open source software in its segment. The majority of Elmer’s ENVRI (Common Operations of Environmental Research Infrastruc- development is carried out with external funding. Currently Elmer is tures) is an EU-funded project that develops e-Infrastructure services being used in nine different projects, many of which are international. for environmental sciences within the ESFRI (European Strategy Fo- Elmer is also much used for teaching in Finnish higher education institu- rum on Research Infrastructures) projects. The participants in the tions with numerous theses being involved. project are research partners from the different ESFRI projects and IT expert organizations that develop the services. The project was initi- Chipster ated in November 2011. Chipster is user-friendly analysis software developed by CSC. It offers a The EGI-InSPIRE (Integrated Sustainable Pan-European Infrastruc- wide-range selection of analysis and visualization tools for bioinformat- ture for Researchers in Europe) project is a four-year EU project involv- ics. Chipster was taken into use in 2008 and it has gained a large group ing about 50 organizations and supporting and developing the imple- of users in Finland and abroad. The aim in Chipster’s development is to mentation of the EGI (European Grid Infrastructure). Application Ser- make leading-edge analysis methods available to researchers of biosci- vices participates, for example, in the further development of SOMA2 ence and medicine. by integrating Grid features to the program. Chipster is installed on a CSC server and researchers in Finnish ELIXIR (European Life-science Infrastructure for Biological Informa- universities can use it without charge, and CSC provides guidance tion) is a project coordinated by the EMBL (European Molecular Biology and training on the use of Chipster and its analysis methods. Training Laboratory) EBI (European Bioinformatics Institute) to build a distrib- courses have been very popular and indeed, bioscientists are CSC’s uted infrastructure for bioinformatics, with special emphasis on the biggest, continuously growing user group when measured by the availability and open access of large data. Application Services is de- number of users. Due to its easy usability, Chipster has also attained a veloping, for example, cloud computing and storage services for the CSC’s Elmer is an open source software having users around the world. The most active users in 2011 were in the USA, Germany, and Finland. lot of international interest, and many institutes abroad have installed ELIXIR project. Despite its popularity and wide distribution, CSC’s support is dedicated to Finnish researchers only. In 2011 Elmer Software was downloaded their own Chipster server. CSC is collaborating with several method TIVIT Cloud Software is a Tekes-funded research program for de- from the CSC web service 9407 times. developers in, for example, the European SeqAhead project. veloping operational models of cloud services, infrastructure, and software services. Application Services participates in the research program by, for example, developing Chipster’s data-intensive analy- THE MOST SIGNIFICANT PROJECTS sis tools. MMM@HPC (Multiscale Materials Modeling on High-Performance The HPC-Europa2 (Pan-European Research Infrastructure for High Per- Computer Architectures) is a three-year EU project to find new ways to ing several programs into work flows to be run in the UNICORE grid formance Computing) is financing researchers who utilize computation solve multiscale problems. The project’s main emphasis is on combin- environment utilizing GridBeans technology. ProAD is part of a project coordinated by Nokia; CSC’s role is to develop solvers to challenging problems in acoustics, such as those No. of visits relating to dissipative cavities in mobile phones. 3 500 No. of jobs Number of jobs at Chipster service 2008–2011 SeqAhead is an EU-funded COST project building a network between leading European bioinformatics stakeholders to collaborate 6 000 3 000 5 387 in developing analysis methods for next generation sequencing data. CSC is in charge of the project’s Software working group and coordi- 5 000 2 500 nates method integration into Chipster software. AllBio (Broadening the Bioinformatics Infrastructure to unicellular, 2 000 4 000 animal, and plant science) is an EU-funded project coordinating the development of tools for bioinformatics by 10 European partners. 1 500 3 000 Based on customer feedback, CSC is utilizing the tools built by other partners to develop Chipster and organizes training relating to bioin- 1 000 formatics. 2 000 In the field of glacier modeling CSC participated in four different 500 projects where each had their own funding sources: AkAntarct (Acad- 1 000 emy of Finland), Ice2Sea (EU), Svali (Nordic Center for Excellence), 0 GEUS (commercial). In this application area the power of CSC’s Elmer Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 Software has been proven in numerous projects. 2010 2011 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Application Services participated also in PRACE (Partnership for Ad- In 2011 the Scientist’s User Interface, SUI portal was used vanced Computing in Europe) and Simlter projects, and a significant 2008 2009 2010 2011 by 2,943 different users, of whom 958 used a user ID issued by part of the work performed in these projects boosts also our own soft- NumberCSC and of 1985 visits users to logged the in new by using Scientist's their Haka User ID issued Interface 2010–2011 The Chipster service was opened for customers in March 2008. The chart shows the jobs run on Chipster over the period 2008–2011. ware development. by their home organization.

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NEW ACHIEVEMENTS

CSC participated in the preparative phase of the CLARIN (Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure) project that was completed and closed on June 30, 2011. CLARIN is an ESFRI (European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures) project for language research aiming to integrate international language data and materials. Images from top to bottom: Preparations for the agreement on CLARIN ERIC (European Research Infrastructure Consortium) were initiated immediately after the pre- Turbulence is a challenging problem in computational fluid dynamics. A turbulent flow consists of eddies that have a wide range of scales for parative phase, and CSC will serve as the national technical center in this fluctuating velocities. Small eddies also affect the structures of large European infrastructure. The Ministry of Education and Culture granted eddies. In a direct simulation of turbulence, all eddies affecting the an appropriation for the development of Language Bank services, which flow must be solved, which makes the computation very tedious. enabled CSC to allocate greater resources than before on language in- Thanks to increased computing capacity, scientists are in some cases frastructure development. To meet the needs of language research, able to simulate turbulence in a truly time-dependent and three-di- mensional case. However, often a specific turbulence model, such as several new services were published in 2011, such as a user authoriza- large eddy simulation, LES, is more appropriate. The picture shows a tion system for Language Bank corpora, and LAT (Language Archiving momentary flow field in a large eddy simulation. The flow coming Technology) software for management and research of audiovisual and from the pipe is mixed vertically into the main flow, just like smoke textual language materials. from a chimney in windy weather. The same flow pattern is caused The production version of the Scientist User Interface, SUI portal when oxygen is added into a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Data Petri Majander, HUT. Visualization Jarmo Pirhonen, CSC. 2003. was published in February 2011. The version contained several correc- tions and improvements to the beta portal version published in the previous year. The portal contains new services such as Host Monitor A conceptual image of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, creat- to keep track of the activities on computing servers, Language Bank ed by CSC’s visualization team. These single-cell organisms reproduce rights for downloading an electronic application form for linguistics by budding. The picture is from the YeastBASE database produced in 2005 in CSC's bioinformatics project called SyMBOLIC. resources, and a video viewing service. Visualization Jyrki Hokkanen, CSC, 2005. The software licensing service was renewed in 2011. The renewal facilitates service maintenance, increases usability, and improves data security. For the customer, increased usability will be seen as fewer Visualized with a streamline technique, a vortex generated by a lead- software service breaks. At the same time virtualized license servers ing edge extension on the wing of an F-18 Hornet, which helps maintain the aircraft’s maneuverability at a high angle of attack. The term were taken into use, which enables quick recovery from severe error "angle of attack" refers to an aircraft's deviation from the ideal direc- situations. tion of its motion. The aircraft's surface color depicts the density of Chipster Software was originally developed for analyzing micro- compressed air. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a discipline chip data, and according to an international benchmark comparison that requires massive computing power. Data Timo Siikonen, HUT, published in 2011 it is the most comprehensive open source software 1999. in this field. In addition to gene activity analyses, Chipster can be used to analyze data on genetic alteration and genomic changes resulting from radiation. Chipster also provides tools for integrating the different data, serving as a comprehensive set of analyses. Many laboratories are changing over their measuring methods from microchips to Next Generation Sequencing, NGS. During 2011, a wideNGS analysis functionality was added to Chipster. Now Chipster can be used to analyze gene expression, regulation, and changes in copy number through a graphic user interface. Like microchip functionality, NGS functionality also includes the work steps from pre-processing and quality control to statistical analyses and monitoring signal paths and regulatory regions. The data and results can be visualized in their genome context using Chipster’s built-in genome browser. Elmer continued its international triumph. The program is being used all over the world and the number of users has grown to thousands. The international visibility allows CSC to utilize more EU-funded work for further development of Elmer, as was the case in the PRACE and MMM@HPC projects. Elmer’s development took big steps forward especially in solving large-scale linear problems. New technologies, such as FETI (Finite Element Tear and Interconnect) and block preconditioning, allow efficient use of massively parallel computing capacity. This is essential when the number of computing cores in supercomputers is constantly increasing. Most of the development work was carried out in externally funded projects, in which the results can rapidly be employed.

14 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 15 FUNET SERVICES

FUNET SERVICES

CSC maintains and develops the Funet network that serves Finnish NEW MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS AND NEW SERVICES research and higher education. Funet is connected to the global research network community through the Nordic NORDUnet network. Four new member organizations joined Funet in 2011. The broad-scale expertise of the Funet specialists is made available to The national government’s administrative data communication the entire Finnish research community and to national government. The network (VY-verkko in Finnish) was the focus of attention when Fu- network has approximately 375,000 users and more than 80 member net Services delivered a gateway solution between Funet and the ad- organizations. ministrative VY network. The solution was taken into use by five Funet member organizations. Demand for light paths remained strong and altogether 20 of them NETWORK AVAILABILITY OF TOP QUALITY were supplied. Light paths are used in the background of data administration systems in, for example, connecting operating points or sci- The network availability in 2011 was 99.98%, which corresponds to one entific projects to enhance high-performance data transmission in a interruption of 1.5 hours duration per year. The availability of most ser- total of 27 organizations. vices remained at 100%, which means that no unpredictable interrup- The Funet certificate service has proven itself popular. CSC sup- tions were visible to users of our services. All this is due to thorough plies the server, grid and user ID certificates that TERENA (Trans-Euro- planning, monitoring and backing up in the manner of implementation pean Research and Education Networking Association) has purchased of the services. centrally. The service is utilized in Finland by 48 organizations. A total of 927 certificates were supplied in 2011.

Mbps International Funet traffic 2002–2011

4500 Outbound Inbound 4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

02 04 08 03 05 06 07 09 10 11 04 02 03 05 06 07 09 10 11 08 03 02 05 09 06 07 10 11 12 08 04 ------May May May May May May May May May May January January January January January January January January January January January September September September September September September September September September September

International Funet traffic 2002–2011. The year 2011 showed 40% growth.

16 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 17 FUNET SERVICES FUNET SERVICES

The Eduroam roaming service enables secure use of wireless LAN between the Baltic countries. The project was carried out in collabora- networks with the home organization’s credentials. The usage of the tion with NORDUnet and the national research network organizations service increased and three new organizations joined the service. In of the Baltic countries. The project was completed during the autumn 2011 the number of logins was 561,672, while in 2010 the correspond- and the results were reported to the ministries in November. ing figure was 169,757. Currently the service is used at half of the Finn- ish higher education institutions. The Funet Kompassi program works to develop data communica- COLLABORATION tions and new web-based services by activating the entire member community. In 2011 Best Practices documents on several different Funet specialists are involved in the Future Internet program of Tivit topics were published and made available to the members. The pro- plc., one of the Finnish Strategic Centres for Science, Technology and gram received financing from the European Commission-funded GN3 Innovation (SHOK). Future Internet strives to combine and systematize project and its sub-project called Campus Best Practices. development and to accelerate productization of research results. Two new services were initiated in 2011. The video conference CSC’s specialists participate in the Nordic research network, NOR- bridge service enables centrally arranged high-level video confer- DUnet as members of its working groups INTER-NREN Forum, Opera- ences without on-site bridge hardware. At the end of the year the tional Forum, and CTO Forum, and in the following working groups of service was used by four organizations. A router service is a solution TERENA: TF-MSP, TF-MOBILITY, TF-MEDIA. to forward downlink data between Funet member organizations’ LAN One example of the collaboration projects in Finland is the working networks and the Funet backbone network. The service was launched group set up by the Finnish Communications Regulatory Authority. during the last quarter and by the year end two Funet member organi- CSC’s project assignment is to deliver the national top-level domain zations had subscribed to the service. server (A.FI). Another example is CSC’s participation in the Internet En- The Baltic Ring survey project was set forth by the Nordic Council gineering Task Force. of Ministers to develop international research network connections

Funet member organizations: •• North Karelia University of Applied •• Research Institute for the Languages of Sciences Finland Higher education institutions •• Rovaniemi University of Applied •• Domestic Network Association •• Aalto University Sciences •• Kuopio University Hospital •• Arcada University of Applied Sciences •• Saimaa University of Applied Sciences •• Lappeenranta Student Housing Foundation •• Diaconia University of Applied Sciences •• Satakunta University of Applied Sciences •• Finnish Medicines Agency •• HAAGA-HELIA University of Applied •• Savonia University of Applied Sciences •• Finnish Centre for Media Education and Sciences •• Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences Audiovisual Media •• Hanken School of Economics •• Sibelius Academy •• The Finnish Forest Research Institute •• University of Helsinki •• Tampere University of Applied Sciences •• National Board of Antiquities •• HUMAK University of Applied Sciences •• Tampere University of Technology •• Finnish National Board of Education •• HAMK University of Applied Sciences •• University of Tampere •• Ministry of Education and Culture •• University of Eastern Finland •• Theatre Academy Helsinki •• Otaverkko Oy •• JAMK University of Applied Sciences •• Turku University of Applied Sciences •• Finnish Literature Society •• University of Jyväskylä •• University of Turku •• Academy of Finland •• Kajaani University of Applied Sciences •• Vaasa University of Applied Sciences •• Bank of Finland •• Kemi-Tornio University of Applied •• University of Vaasa •• Finnish Environment Institute Sciences •• Yrkeshögskolan Novia •• The Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety •• Central Ostrobothnia University of •• Åbo Akademi Authority Applied Sciences •• Tampere Student Housing Foundation Other member organizations •• Academy of Fine Arts •• Tampere University Hospital •• Aalto University Student Union •• Kymenlaakso University of Applied •• The Finnish Funding Agency for •• Certia Sciences Technology and Innovation •• CIMO •• Lahti University of Applied Sciences •• National Institute for Health and Welfare •• CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. •• University of Lapland •• Statistics Finland •• The Finnish Parliament •• Lappeenranta University of Technology •• Finnish National Gallery •• Geological Survey of Finland •• Laurea University of Applied Sciences •• VTT Technical Research Centre of •• Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa •• National Defence University Finland •• Finnish Meteorological Institute •• Metropolia University of Applied •• National Repository Library •• National Audiovisual Archive Sciences •• Institute for Russia and Eastern Europe •• The National Archives •• Mikkeli University of Applied Sciences •• Finnish Communications Regulatory (National Archives Service of Finland) •• Novia University of Applied Sciences Authority •• The Foundation for Finnish Inventions •• OAMK University of Applied Sciences •• Finnish Student Health Service •• University of Oulu •• Kiinteistö Oy Opintanner Funet connections 2011.

18 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 19 DATA SERVICES FOR SCIENCE AND CULTURE

DATA SERVICES FOR SCIENCE AND CULTURE

Data Services for Science and Culture develops and maintains services over 2012–2013 and preservation of the understandability in 2014 in that support storage and usability of data. The services include about 60 two different locations. scientific databases, a MySQL-based database service, PaITuli geospatial In October 2011 CSC started to coordinate the EUDAT (European data, and the services offered for university libraries and the National Data Infrastructure) project funded by the European Commission. EU- Audiovisual Archive. Collaborating with other national stakeholders, CSC DAT strives to respond to the challenge caused by data masses that develops the operational practices and tools on data availability and are rapidly accumulating within European research communities. The long-term preservation. aim is to produce a Collaborative Data Infrastructure, CDI to meet the researchers’ needs. Twenty-five European collaboration partners from 13 countries participate in EUDAT. COLLABORATION AND RESULTS

In February 2011 the cross-disciplinary working group, coordinated by SERVICES USAGE CSC, submitted the final report of the Tutkimuksen tietoaineistot (Data for research) project to government minister Henna Virkkunen. In In- CSC’s Ida storage service was published for trial use during autumn. formation into use – Roadmap to utilizing electronic research materials Ida is a centralized storage service suitable for saving digital material (Ministry of Education and Culture Publications 2011:4) the working and for management and shared use of data. The Ida service is based group listed the activities recommended to strengthen political voli- on the open iRODS (Integrated Rule-Oriented Data System) technology tion, to create a national information policy, and to build the research supporting data storage, management, and reporting. Ida is browser- infrastructure. The intent stated in the roadmap was recorded in the based and the login takes place through the Haka service. government’s agenda in summer 2011, and in order to implement the During last year, the ticket service handled 316 service requests proposed measures, the Ministry of Education and Culture appointed sent through the library consortia and 23 through the VAPA service. CSC to coordinate the Data for Research project scheduled for execution During working days, more than 5,000 database connections were si- over the period 2011–2013. multaneously active in the library consortia systems. CSC participated in several working groups concerning data avail- The MySQL-based database service was utilized by seven projects ability and usability (Ministry of Transport and Communication, Min- that performed approximately 2.5 billion database operations during istry of Finance, Ministry of Education and Culture). As a result of this the year. The archiving service, Nic.funet.fi contains 12 terabytes of work, the Council of State made a decision in principle to support im- data, and roughly 2,500,000 file or page requests were received per proving availability of digital data and enhancing its reuse. CSC also day. improved interoperability of information systems and their seman- tic commensurability by participating in the JHS working group that works to harmonize procedures in public administration. In April, 2011 CSC, together with its collaboration partner, the Finn- ish Centre for Register Research (RetKi), published the final report on the MIDRAS project on remote use of records. MIDRAS, MicroData Remote Access investigated what kind of infrastructure and services would best support the research use of register data and solve the problems that currently hamper register research. CSC chaired the working group that brought together the remote access services of Statistics Finland and the MIDRAS project. It is essential for our national heritage to secure the preservation of digital data. In the National Digital Library project CSC worked on the infrastructure of long-term preservation. The implementation plan on long-term preservation was completed in 2011. The plan proposal is to proceed in two phases: preservation on the bit scale should be started

20 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 21 COMPUTING SERVICES

COMPUTING SERVICES

Computing Services maintains and develops a top-level computing Distributed computing services environment to meet research needs. Researchers and higher educa- In 2011 the work for the European Grid Infrastructure (EGI) was carried tion institutions benefit from Computing Services’ expertise in scientific out mainly through the Nordic DataGrid Facility (NDGF), because the computing and IT consulting, including algorithm design, code opti- new national infrastructure for Finland was still at the planning phase. mization, and parallelization, computing projects, and acquisition of In conjunction with the major organizational changes implemented at server hardware. NDGF, Vera Hansper from CSC was named as the Technical Manager, in charge of services and operations. Amongst the most important tasks of Computing Services was USAGE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICES the procurement of the new Finnish Grid Infrastructure (FGI). FGI is a consortium formed by CSC and nine universities. CSC was respon- Procurement of the new supercomputer and sible for the procurement process and will coordinate the operation data storage platform of FGI. CSC’s responsibilities include installing grid middleware, sup- The Super11 procurement project was started at the end of 2010. Dur- plying identification services, providing support, and monitoring the ing 2011 the project was extended to include the modular solutions for use of FGI. The combined theoretical peak performance of FGI will be the Kajaani Datacenter. The procurement covers the new supercom- approximately 154 TFlop/s, of which 51 TFlop/s will be produced by puter systems, a fast storage system, and choosing the supplier for conventional CPUs and 103 TFlop/s by GPGPUs. The systems will be the modular data center solutions. The Super11 project’s purchases will available for researchers during the first quarter of 2012. be officially concluded in March 2012. Parallel to Super11, the Data 11 In order to enhance the use of grid environments in biosciences, procurement project for a data storage platform was started in spring grid interfaces have been developed for promising tools for bioinfor- 2011 and completed in early 2012. matics. Some of the tools have been piloted by a few customers. Grid The role of Computing Services has been significant in the procure- interfaces help make FGI resources available efficiently for our cus- ment project for the supercomputer and the data storage platform, tomers working in the field of biosciences. from project coordination to designing and implementation of bench- marks and defining technical details. Availability of CSC's computing and application servers in 2011 % (sisältää huolto- ja käyttökatkot) 100

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Availability ofHippu the computing and applicationLouhi servers in 2011 (includingMurska service breaks and systemVuori outages). The availability and utilization rates of the computing servers were good. For example, the annual availability of all supercomputers was over 99% and Louhi's usage level in 2011 was 74% (24/7).

22 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 23 COMPUTING SERVICES COMPUTING SERVICES

Grid-klustereiden käyttö Cpuh (2010: M-grid ja 2011: M-grid, LHC, FGI) that provides resources for the development of important scientific 350 000 applications within academia. The six-year European DEISA (Distributed European Infrastructure 300 000 for Supercomputing Applications) project was completed in 2011. DEISA’s activities were transferred to the PRACE project. In the PRACE 250 000 2IP (PRACE second implementation phase) project CSC leads the work package related to resource exchange. CSC is also actively participat- 200 000 ing in the dissemination and training for the PRACE project. CSC submitted a proposal for a high-performance computing (HPC) training 150 000 center, and funding was granted for the proposal. The training center will increase the high-quality HPC training offered by CSC. 100 000 In the call for tenders on prototypes, CSC made a successful proposal on future technology. With the help of the prototype, CSC and 50 000 its customers will be able to study and evaluate new HPC technologies. The first Finnish Tier-0 project was accepted and 10 million cpu 0 hours of computing time was granted to the research group focusing Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec on nanotechnology research. The project received computing time 2010 2011 on the CURIE supercomputer in France, one of the most powerful, so The usage of CSC’s grid-based resources in 2010 (M-grid) and 2011 called Tier-0, supercomputers in Europe. (M-grid, LHC, FGI). The number of job runs was 1,763,739 and there was a 36% increase from the previous year. CLOUD SERVICES DEVELOPMENT

Support for science and Grand Challenge projects CSC’s role in the Cloud Software project (TIVIT SHOK) is to develop and offer open source cloud services. CSC is responsible for disseminating Grand Challenge projects are demanding computing projects that re- information on the Cloud Software project. quire considerable computing or data storage capacity. CSC provides Developing the cloud concept is a prerequisite also for the Bio- the Grand Challenge projects with a support group and other specialist medinfra project preparing for the Finnish service node for the Euro- services the projects may need. pean bioinformatics research infrastructure (ELIXIR). CSC, the Institute One Computational Grand Challenge call was arranged during last of Molecular Medicine for Finland (FIMM), and the National Institute for year, and eight proposals were received. In 2011, Grand Challenge Health and Welfare collaborate as partners in Biomedinfra. In 2011 CSC projects that had been accepted previously also consumed the com- purchased and took into use the Biomedinfra/ELIXIR cluster, which puting time allocated to them. CSC supported the Grand Challenge will be extended during 2012. Resources are supplied as pilot services projects by producing, for example, visualizations of the results. to seven biomedicine projects in Finland, Denmark, and Germany. EU-funded Exascale software project CRESTA (Collaborative Re- The pilots define the specifications required in biomedical computing search into Exascale Systemware, Tools & Applications) was initiated. from the computing service suppliers. CSC is leading the biggest work package (applications development), Processor time usage of the Academy of Finland's Centres of Excellence on CSC's servers 2006–2011 100 000 000

90 000 000 ELIXIR CSC’s role as a member of ELIXIR CSC and other participants in the Biomedinfra.fi venture, In- 80 000 000

CSC is an ELIXIR (http://www.elixir-europe.org) partner in Fin- stitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) and the National 70 000 000 land. The mission of ELIXIR is to build and operate sustainable Institute for Health and Welfare are collaborating in planning infrastructure for biological information for use by European bio- an integrated Finnish service node for the European bioinfor- 60 000 000 sciences research. This is to support research and applications in matics research infrastructure. The ELIXIR node that CSC is re-

50 000 000 medicine and environmental sciences, bioindustries, and society. sponsible for will specialize in the computational infrastructure 49,77 % Through ELIXIR the leading biosciences institutions in Europe for biomedicine and the related collaboration projects, BBMRI, 40 000 000 can collaborate in handling and securing the enormous masses Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure 30 000 000 44,52 % of data generated daily by publicly-funded research. ELIXIR is and EATRIS, European Advanced Translational Infrastructure in Normalized processor hours a pan-European research infrastructure for biological informa- Medicine as part of the ESFRI activities. Together we have made 20 000 000 32,13 % tion. ELIXIR will provide the facilities necessary for life science huge progress in delivering computing infrastructure for life CoE's share 10 000 000 researchers – from bench biologists to chemi-informaticians – sciences. The Ministry of Education and Culture is supporting 29,85 % 29,45 % 38,52 % to make the most of our rapidly growing store of information the measures agreed through the Academy of Finland, and the 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 about living systems, which is the foundation upon which our idea is to strengthen the funding framework to the EU frame understanding of life is built. contracts and other international sources. Academy of Finland's CoEs Other academic processor time usage

Processor time usage of the Academy of Finland’s Centres of Excellence on CSC’s servers for the years 2006–2011.

24 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 25 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Information Management Services supports the national science and A total of 124 services are registered in the Haka identity federation. In education policy and academic management and administration by pro- 2011 there were 9.41 million logins to the Haka services. This is a growth viding IT consulting and planning and cost-effective hosting services of 20.8 percent from the previous year. From September to November for shared and centralized information systems. there were more than a million logins per month, and a new record was again set in November with 1,257,596 logins to the Haka services. Based on login numbers, the most popular Haka services were the USAGE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICES Moodle learning management system of the University of Helsinki (1.65 million logins), the Nelli portal of the Finnish National Electronic Library KOTA and AMKOTA (FinELib, 1.55 million logins), and the Optima learning management sys- Replacing the KOTA and AMKOTA systems with the new Vipunen infor- tem of JAMK University of Applied Sciences (1.15 million logins). mation repository was commenced during 2011. Specialists from CSC, The emphasis in the Haka services shifted to acquiring new part- the Ministry of Education and Culture, and the National Board of Educa- ners. The Haka identity federation has currently 48 members and 22 tion worked in collaboration to plan the structure, layout, and content partners. of the new information repository and educational administration Eight new partnership contracts were signed in 2011. All 26 uni- reporting portal. The portal was published in August at vipunen.csc.fi versities of applied sciences and 15 universities have already signed and the AMKOTA system was removed from use in October. KOTA-online a Haka service contract. The services are now available for more than will continue until all of the contents have been transferred to Vipunen. 300,000 higher education students, so 96 percent of all higher education students are covered by Haka authentication. Haka and Virtu The knowhow relating to Haka authentication has been utilized in The Haka and Virtu authentication services for academia and state CSC’s own and international projects, such as the Biomedinfra/ELIXIR administration, respectively, continued growth in service volume and project in which CSC provides consultation on user identification and utilization rate. authentication to the Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM) and the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI).

Haka logins by services 2011

Other 852 110

Aditro Personec 146 999

Savonia space bookings 149 461

Univ. Helsinki Wiki 154 034

Rondo 356 879

Univ. Jyväskylä Optima 704 382

Savonia Moodle 808 719

Univ. Oulu Optima 907 165

TUT Moodle 972 767

Polyt. Jyväskylä Optima 1 151 404

FinELib Nelli portal 1 553 292

Univ. Helsinki Moodle 1 657 212

Haka logins by service in 2011.

26 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 27 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SERVICES

SALAMA and Eduuni Joo consortium CSC provides the Ministry of Education and Culture with consultative The Joo Mobility consortium was organized in 2011. The consortium services on information management. In 2011 CSC participated in sever- buys coordinating services and services relating to system maintenance RAKETTI al public administration working groups relating to data security (VAHTI, and development from CSC. Students can use the Joopas portal to apply Cert-fi) and public administration’s shared services (ValtIT, VIP). CSC also for enrollment rights at other higher education institutions. In 2011 a RAKETTI is a joint project to develop information management of research administration, a classification proposal of disci- coordinated information management cooperation with administrative plan was created for replacing the old Joopas servers with new ones at higher education institutions and the Ministry of Education plines, a survey report to implement a national publication reg- offices (VirIT) and participated in the OpIT management group. CSC is and transferring the servers to CSC. and Culture. CSC coordinates the project. The aim is to produce ister, a classification proposal of arts publications, and a speci- also responsible for providing basic ICT services and support for the a sufficiently up-to-date, comprehensive, and reliable research fication of publications for a publication register. For student ministry, the Arts Council of Finland as well as the regional Arts Councils. Avoinyliopisto.fi and teaching knowledge base that updates itself automatically administration a proposal was made for the total architecture In spring 2011, CSC’s group within the ministry implemented the Information about open university education available at Finnish uni- to serve the management and the entire guidance and monitor- of the desired state of higher education’s support functions. basic functionalities of the SALAMA electronic item management sys- versities is collected into what is called the Open University information ing system of higher education institutions. To support the de- The total architecture was developed, for example, by publish- tem for shared use by public administration offices. The Eduuni Work- service. The Avoinyliopisto.fi consortium also organized itself as a user velopment of higher education activities, the project produces ing a production version of the information model compiled spaces service developed for the entire educational sphere was pub- of CSC services. CSC attends to service maintenance and support for national information systems for specified fields (student admin- for higher education institutions, and applying the model to a lished in September. It provides electronic workspaces for networks, system administrators. istration, research administration, management) to support the pilot-tested information repository. With special appropriation ventures, projects, or organizations. By the end of the year the service The Avoinyliopisto.fi portal application was updated in autumn processes of higher education. granted by the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Na- had 13 customers (universities, universities of applied sciences, public 2011. During the year there were 644,000 individual visits to the portal. During the project, decisions will be made regarding the tional Board of Education, the Raketti project purchased soft- offices, and networks) and 500 registered users. rules to be applied after project completion, organization and ware to implement the Vipunen reporting service. Use-related services exchange economy models for higher education institutions The “Pelisääntö” (Rule) group initiated by the Raketti steer- IT General Secretary services for higher education institutions CSC provides Certia, the shared finance and personnel administration on shared information management services of student and ing group created a proposal for the higher education manage- In 2011, CSC supported the strategic collaboration between the IT man- Service Center of Universities, with specialist and use-related services. research administration. This provides higher education insti- ment on development of commensurability of information and agers’ network at universities of applied sciences (AAPA) and the chief IT Depending on customer needs, smaller additional services were also tutions with flexible change opportunities, allowing them to system interoperability and models on service organization officers’ network at universities (FUCIO) by offering IT General Secretary included in the services provided to Certia during 2011. Additionally, become users of the new modular services at the phase when after project completion. Eleven higher education institutions services to the networks based on a service contract. Collaboration be- the oph.fi web services for the National Board of Education and the their currently used systems become outdated. The volume of participated in the KA pilot which was also completed in 2011. tween the AAPA and FUCIO networks was intensified through meetings, host server services for the Academy of Finland were also established shared services will increase depending on demand while the The results included “Kartturi2” total architecture model and with the IT General Secretaries playing a major role in the preparations. in 2011. number of the existing information systems is essentially re- examples of institution-specific architectures and other best The Total-Architectural Technology Level (KATe) project, organized duced. At the same time the quality and interoperability of the practices. Kartturi 2.2 was published as a book. by the AAPA network, investigated shared IT services for universities RAKETTI project existing IT solutions is improved. of applied sciences. CSC was involved in the KATe project’s first phase In 2011 CSC continued coordinating the RAKETTI project and produced, The following reports and memoranda on research adminis- negotiating license agreements for universities of applied sciences among other things, a proposal by the Pelisääntö (Rule) group. The pro- tration were completed in the 2011 Raketti project (in Finnish (e.g. SPSS) and also in specifying the kind of services the universities of posal sets out rules as to where and how higher education institutions only): Key indicators and information needs, Total architecture applied sciences should jointly acquire. can collaborate after the project reaches completion. The group final- CSC founded a group called Opintohallinnon palvelut (IT services ized the proposal sooner than expected in the plan, so in addition to for academic administration) in April 2011. In addition to coordinat- the requested content an implementation plan was included through RAKETTI Steering Group ing academic administration systems and projects, the group is also Universities Finland UNIFI and the Rectors’ Conference of Finnish Uni- preparing a common infrastructure for development for use by higher versities of Applied Sciences (ARENE). RAKETTI-PELISÄÄNTÖ RAKETTI-OPI RAKETTI-TUTKI education institutions. The aim is to ensure national interoperability, The RAKETTI-TUTKI sub-project produced a total of eight different Group of Specialists Student Administration Research Administration availability, and usability of project outputs. Development work in the working group memoranda during the year. The memoranda describe Information Management Information Management higher education field is also supported by developing common tools, the things that should be noted when building a national publication RAKETTI-KOKOA Steering Group Steering Group communication platforms, and working methods, and by coordinat- register (JURE project) and also the total architecture of research and Enterprise Architecture Coordination Group ing specialist working groups at higher education institutions. research administration between higher education institutions (TUTKI Synergy Group TUTKI Steering Group steering group). IT-benchmarking Group of Specialists Oodi In February 2011, the RAKETTI-KOKOA sub-project published Kart- Development Projects JURE Oodi is a student information system used by more than 100,000 turi 2.0 version, an architectural model guideline of higher education and Affiliate Projects Joint Publication Register students and 20,000 staff members at ten Finnish universities. Oodi total architecture. The Kartturi model’s version 2.2 was published in Kartturi Data Warehouse Service for Higher Education aims to facilitate the work of students and academic staff at all phases December. Steering Group relating to the planning, organizing and registering of studies. CSC is Data Warehouse National Consept Model ARKKI JURE Team responsible for the coordination of the consortium relating to the ser- (Official Reports) and Maintenance vice, as well as system maintenance and development according to the Metadata for Publications consortium's operational plan. In 2011 two new versions of Oodi were published with the agreed new functionalities and changes. CSC supported the Oodi-linked service integrations at, for example, Aalto University and the University of Oulu. CSC also arranged training for the universities. To support the system administrators at the Oodi universities, CSC arranged a separate system administrator service that produced IT support for the University of Eastern Finland during 2011.

28 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 29 CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION

CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION

New projects by discipline 2011

Biosciences In 2011, 644 computing projects were active in the CSC server environ- 25 Language ment, with 1,386 users. During the year, 255 new projects were opened 5 80 6 research embracing 21 different fields of science, and new user names were reg- Physics istered for 824 new customers. At the year end, the total number of 8 Grid usage registered customers was 3,863. The extranet, Scientist’s User Interface, 8 SUI was used by 2,950 customers either for accessing CSC’s services or Structural 11 updating their customer information. analysis Chemistry In addition to computation users, CSC’s clientele contains an increasing number of customers who receive their services through 19 Nanoscience licenses that CSC administrates, either as local installations or from Computational servers maintained by a third party. These services include several fluid dynamics chemistry, geosciences and biosciences database services, and struc- 26 Engineering tural analysis programs. At the end of 2011 the estimated total num- 35 Astrophysics ber of these users was approximately 3,400. Significant increase was particularly evident in the number of users of spatial information (SI) 32 Other database services. New projects by discipline in 2011.

Hippu and Murska had the highest number of users Materials sciences 1 During the first part of the year, CSC’s computing servers were in ac- Social sciences 24 tive use and the monthly number of logins onto CSC servers averaged General usage 39 143,000. No new records in logins were set in 2011, so the record in Language research 1 309 logins dating from September 2010 (436,453) is still valid. The most Medical sciences 1 972 active computing took place in July with approximately 242,000 re- Electromagnetics 6 847 corded logins. The highest number of logins was recorded for the Louhi Engineering supercomputer and Murska computing cluster; over the whole year 28 861 there were about 700,000 logins onto each of them. The most popular Computer science 83 817 computing servers with the highest numbers of customers were the Industry 99 560 Hippu application server (373), Murska computing cluster (315), and Economics 119 423 Louhi supercomputer (291). Correspondingly, the Vuori cluster had 145 Structural analysis 142 586 active users. Environmental sciences 212 457 Earth sciences 268 350 The heaviest use in nanoscience and Mathematics 401 755 physics projects Statistics 605 805 Comp. fluid dynamics 825 168 Looking at the figures by discipline, nanoscience and physics projects Grid usage 828 026 have used the most computing time, their shares being 38 and 35 Comp. drug design 1 950 481 percent, respectively. The next heaviest users were chemistry (8%), Biosciences 6 345 298 astrophysics (7%), and biosciences (6%). Nanoscience and physics Astrophysics 7 001 053 projects have shown the strongest growth in their processor time use, Chemistry 8 115 421 and both disciplines are annually consuming roughly 35 million CPU Physics 33 858 140 hours. Regarding their processor time usage in 2011, nanoscience and physics were of the same order as in 2010, and chemistry regained its Nanoscience 36 815 426 position as number three, after a break of one year. These traditional Computing resources usage by discipline. natural sciences have also increased their combined share to as much UsageIn 2011 of processor the total usage time was 97by 711 discipline 819 CPUh. 2011

30 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 31 CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION

Images from top to bottom:

In 40 years CSC has reshaped itself from KT2, a State Computer Center's unit founded to operate the Univac 1108 mainframe computer, into the present extended and international IT center for science. Paavo Ahonen, science writer, wrote CSC’s history and the book was published in October 2011.

Honorable service of Univac 1108 ended in year 1982.

Supercomputer project leadergroup representatives signed cooperation agreement considering supercomputer services. From left to right, leadergroup's chairman Markku Linna, OPM, Markku Manner- koski, VTT, Erkki Jatila, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Juhani Ryhänen, VTKK. Photo E. Puheloinen, FIM 1989.

as 81 percent of the total usage. Looking at the number of computing were Abaqus (structural analysis, 254 different users), Chipster (bio- customers, bioscience is the biggest discipline with 338 active users in sciences/NGS analysis, 253), Matlab (mathematics, 144), EMBOSS (bio- 20 biggest computing projects its computing projects. sciences/sequence analysis, 107), Gaussian (quantum chemistry, 96), The total volume of computing usage in 2011 was 97.7 million CPU and Gromacs chemistry/molecular dynamics, 93). Looking at the organizational level, two universities were at the A separate usage class has been opened for international hours, and compared with the previous year, the increase in comput- top of the list. Aalto University and the University of Helsinki were use. This class covers use by researchers and collaboration er resources used was 25 percent. In 2011 no additional computing the biggest users of computing resources, with 24% and 20% of partners abroad using CSC’s computing servers. A Finnish capacity was added, which means that the growth in volume can be Academy of Finland projects use almost usage, respectively. The next were the Grand Challenge projects research group can authorize such use. In 2011, usage from explained by increased utilization of the current computing servers. half of the computing time selected through separate calls (14 %), the University of Jyväskylä abroad amounted to 1.9 million CPU hours. Computing projects have grown in size year after year, and cur- (12 %), Tampere University of Technology (8 %), Lappeenranta rently the biggest individual computing projects use several millions The customer projects run by the Academy of Finland Centres of Excel- University of Technology (5 %), and the University of Oulu (5 %). of CPU hours per year. In 2011, the biggest individual computing proj- lence have been separately monitored since the beginning of 2006. In Other higher education institutions used a total of 10 percent of ect was the Grand Challenge project on particle physics led by Profes- 2011 the Academy of Finland Centers of Excellence used a total of 49.8 the computing time. sor Kari Rummukainen (University of Helsinki). This project spent percent of CSC's computing resources, which is a new record at the 4.7 million CPU hours on computations. All computing projects in the annual level. Most of this usage (over 98%) was the computing carried •• CSC Grand Challenge, Kari Rummukainen, Conformal window on the lattice, Physics Top-20 class consume more than a million CPU hours per year. out by the Centres of Excellence nominated for the period 2006–2011. •• University of Jyväskylä, Hannu Häkkinen, Electronic, magnetic, optical and chemical properties of nanoparticles, Nanoscience Usage by the Centres of Excellence has shown a generally rising trend, •• University of Helsinki, Arkady Krasheninnikov, Modification of carbon nanotubes, Nanoscience with previous years’ figures 29.9% (2006), 38.5% (2007), 29.5% (2008), •• CSC Grand Challenge, Ilpo Vattulainen, EGFR simulations in lipid rafts (EGFR), Nanoscience 32.1 % (2009), and 44.5 % (2010). The most used was Gromacs application program •• Lappeenranta University of Tech., Matti Alatalo, Multi scale modeling of surfaces and surface reactions, Nanoscience •• University of Helsinki, Petri Käpylä, Differential rotation and dynamos in convective stellar envelopes, Astrophysics The most popular application programs in 2011 were Gromacs for mo- •• University of Helsinki, Kai Nordlund, Ion radiation physics on materials , Nanoscience lecular dynamics, and VASP and GPAW for density functional theory with Customer communication •• Aalto University, Ilpo Vattulainen, Physics of biological systems , Nanoscience the following proportions of usage: Gromacs 29%, VASP 25%, and GPAW •• University of Helsinki, Flyura Djurabekova, Radiation damage in particle accelerator materials, Physics 22%. These three programs used more than 10 million CPU hours a year CSC became 40 years old in 2011 and published a history work called •• Aalto University, Rainer Salomaa, Numeric modeling of plasma and fusion physics, Physics each. CSC’s own GPAW open source software has retained its position “Tiedettä laskemalla – 40 vuotta tieteen tietotekniikkaa” (Science •• University of Jyväskylä, Karoliina Honkala, Nano catalysis on metal surfaces, Nanoscience among the top three and has found an active user group of its own. Next through computation – 40 years of scientific computing) written by came NAMD software for biosciences and Gaussian and Turbomole for Paavo Ahonen. To mark its celebratory year, CSC arranged a party in •• Tampere University of Tech., Ilpo Vattulainen, Molecular dynamics at the atomistic level using the OPLS-AA force field MEMPEPT, quantum chemistry. Eight of the most popular programs use more than October at its office facilities in Keilaniemi, Espoo. The history was in- Nanoscience a million CPU hours per year. troduced and copies were given to the 170 invited guests who attended •• Aalto University, Risto Nieminen, Chalcopyrite compounds for photovoltaic applications, Physics The total usage of the programs that are being monitored has in- the occasion and to the entire staff of CSC. In addition to the party, the •• University of Helsinki, Tommy Ahlgren, Properties of hydrogen and helium in fusion reactor materials, Nanoscience creased by almost 23 percent from the previous year, amounting to celebrations also included a series of seminars held at five university •• University of Helsinki, Kari Rummukainen, Relativistic theories of simulation in lattice, Physics 46.4 million CPU hours. This represents 47.5 percent of all computing locations, and ”CSC 1971–2011”, a photographic exhibition on CSC’s •• University of Oulu, Juha Vaara, Computational study of NMR and EPR parameters, Physics usage. Most of application software use is carried out on Louhi. history at the Espoo facility. •• CSC Grand Challenge, Olli Pentikäinen, Simulations that study the role of extracellular ligand binding core movements, Biosciences Based on the number of users, the most popular service was PaIT- During 2011 CSC published 38 tidings and 40 bulletins or news- •• CSC Grand Challenge, Maarit Mantere, Dynamo action in supernova-drive interstellar flows, Astrophysics uli downloading service for geospatial data (1,575 different users) letters. Based on press monitoring, the most interesting CSC-related •• University of Jyväskylä, Esa Räsänen, Quantum efects and their control in electronical nano structures, Nanoscience and ArcGIS geospatial software for which 838 users were registered topic discussed in the other media in 2011 was the building of the Ka- •• Aalto University, Päivi Törmä, Numerical modeling of ultra cold Fermi gases, Physics in November. Other popular programs based on the number of users jaani Datacenter.

32 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 33 CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION CUSTOMERS AND COLLABORATION

The newsletter for Finnish-speaking customers, Tieteen tietotek- putingForeign customers. user accounts Customers at rated CSC's CSC’s computing training to be of rather high niikka, and the one published in English, CSC News were both pub- qualityenvironment throughout. 2011 lished three times, and one of the issues was a jubilee-year double Germany publication. Italy

223 © Hannu Mourujärvi France Customer training and other events at CSC 141 United CSC is an active organizer of science and technology-related training 26 Kingdom China and other events for customers. One of the main motives for CSC's 34 course activities is introducing the state-of-the-art and mainstream India methods in different disciplines and technologies for the Finnish re- 37 Russia searcher community. In 2011 CSC organized 87 courses and events, INCREASED COLLABORATION IN EU-FUNDED PROJECTS to compile pan-European distributed biological data infrastructure for The totaling 150 days. These activities touched 2,760 representatives of 93 use in a global environment to supply data services of life sciences. 42 Netherlands interest groups. This was, again, a new record and the fourth year in a Poland CSC continued its active participation in the EU's Seventh Framework The project is coordinated by the European Molecular Biology Labora- row when the total number of participants was above 2000. 42 Programme (FP7) initiatives. The program period started in 2007 and tory’s European Bioinformatics Institute. Having signed a Memoran- Spain The training year was intensive; it consisted of both workshops in will continue until 2013, after which the new program, Horizon2020, dum of Understanding, Finland is pursuing a central role relating to 43 71 narrow fields of expertise and seminars relating to national and inter- USA will be started for the period of 2014–2020. Horizon2020 contains a services on processing of the biological data compiled by ELIXIR. The 51 59 national projects. The 2011 summer schools were the highest profile funding framework of approximately EUR 80 billion, and the main fo- Biomedinfra project has been awarded more than EUR 10 million from Other (56 events. The one held in August within the framework of the pan-Eu- countries) cus is to improve European competitiveness, generate new jobs, and the Academy of Finland infrastructure programs over 2010–2013. Ad- ropean PRACE project presented the use of the biggest supercomput- increase innovation. ditionally, the partners in the consortium, CSC, the National Institute ers. Two summer schools, each lasting a fortnight, were held simulta- Foreign user accounts at CSC’s server environment 2011 In 2011 CSC participated in 20 EU-funded projects with a total la- for Health and Welfare, and the Institute of Molecular Medicine for Fin- (862 users from 67 countries). neously at Nuuksio, Espoo; these were CSC’s own summer school on bor input of more than 200 person months. The massive computing- land (FIMM) have each allocated significant resources to the project. scientific computing and one on ice sheet modeling arranged by the capacity infrastructure DEISA (Distributed European Infrastructure for To strengthen and integrate European and national collaboration SVALI (Stability and Variations of Arctic Land Ice) research consortium. CSC’S CLIENTELE IS TURNING GLOBAL Supercomputing Applications) was completed. CSC carried out a survey on the current state of Finnish research infra- With regard to events, CSC’s anniversary year was visible in the form of The DEISA pan-European distributed supercomputer environment, structures and their ICT needs. The coordinators of 25 research infra- a series of seminars held at different universities. The operating environment for sciences as a whole is becoming in- built by combining the computing capacity of eleven supercomputing structures were interviewed for this purpose. According to the survey, Courses and events 2003–2011 creasingly global, and this is also reflected in CSC’s clientele. In 2011 centers, became part of the PRACE (Partnership for Advanced Com- the current ICT needs include computing capacity, data services (data Count more than 20 percent of CSC’s user ID’s were issued to people whose puting in Europe) infrastructure. The DEISA project made it possible to storage and data analysis), scalable ICT environment, and identifica- nationality was other than Finnish. Foreign customers totaled 862 rep- exchange knowledge and best practices between the different high- tion/authentication and backup solutions. Two thirds of the research 160 resenting 67 different countries. The highest number of foreign users performance computing centers. In addition, the project worked to infrastructures would like to commence collaboration with CSC or to represented the many countries of the DEISA and PRACE projects, for improve the services produced for customers by providing faster con- intensify currently ongoing collaboration in order to attain a solution 140 example, Germany, Italy, France, the UK, and the Netherlands, and the nections and user training. The DEISA resources were available for 18 to these ICT needs. countries that send many post-graduate and post-doctoral researchers Finnish research groups in major projects in biosciences, cosmology, As a result of the survey, a new collaboration project was initiated 120 to Finland. climate modeling, fusion research, and material sciences. The project at CSC on services for distributed research infrastructures. Professor High-profile research groups actively utilize networking, and many not only improved the visibility of Finnish research at the European Elina Ikonen’s research group at the University of Helsinki is conduct- 100 groups participate in international research projects. A year ago CSC level but also increased collaboration with national stakeholders. ing biological imaging research and developing services in the BIU – made it possible for Finnish research groups to apply for user rights In October 2011 CSC was awarded a significant role as the coordina- Biological Imaging Unit. The unit is piloting CSC's cloud services as part 80 to CSC’s computing and data resources for an overseas collaboration tor of the EUDAT (European Data Infrastructure) project, which has a of imaging services. Cloud services development is part of the Finnish partner. The prerequisite for the resources is that the international value of approximately EUR 16 million. The objective of the EUDAT is to service node, ELIXIR in the Biomedinfra project. 60 collaboration brings benefits to Finnish research groups in the form create a data infrastructure for research collaboration, the properties HPC of shared publications and exchange of information and experienc- and performance of which will meet researchers’ increasing needs. A survey study on industrial enterprises’ possible interest on CSC's 40 3 % 1 % es. The researcher working overseas for whom the international user The idea is that the first services will be in use already in 2012. This services was carried3 % out during the spring and early autumn 2011. Fif- 3 % Data rights are being applied must work for a corresponding university or sustainable infrastructure will work across geographical boundaries teen companies received information about the possibilities available 20 43 % polytechnic as the applying organization. The research groups also and include 15 user environments from different fields of sciences. In through the high-performance computing and European e-Infrastruc- 9 % Grid had an opportunity to accept visiting researchers from abroad. Inter- addition to CSC, it embraces 25 collaboration partners from thirteen ture (PRACE), Elmer Software, and the Kajaani Datacenter. The survey 0 national collaboration is also implemented through several collabora- different countries. study was targeted to significant industrial concerns that have their 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Applications tion projects (DEISA, PRACE, EGEE, EGI, ELIXIR). In addition to the ongoing EU projects, by the end of November research and development operations in Finland, and to ones with No. of courses and events Course days The HPC-Europa2 project continued to pave the way for visiting 2011 seven new funding applications had been filed in which CSC will which CSC has had previous collaboration. The discussions led to eight 15 % Network researchers to come to Finland. CSC coordinated the visits and offered participate either as a partner, coordinator, or subcontractor. meetings and concrete collaboration negotiations, some of which are Courses and events 2003–2011. computing and data resources to the visitors. In 2011 the number of European and national collaboration are combined in the opera- still ongoing. Policy work visiting researchers was higher than earlier, 24 altogether. To partici- tional sphere of many projects. The aim of the national Biomedinfra is The training package on high-performance computing was ar- pate in the visiting program, the participants had to be at least at the to build an entity for analyzing and utilizing the genetic data attained Environmental ranged for the third time, this time in the autumn and as a more inten- post-graduate researcher level, and be doing academic research us- from biobanks. Biomedinfra is involved with Finland’s participation in 23 % sive training session than in previous years. ing high-performance computing. The visitors worked as members of the ESFRI, the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures Bio medical Customer satisfaction concerning the training events was actively Finnish research groups at Finnish higher education institutions. and the related collaboration projects on biobanking (BBMRI), biologi- monitored through questionnaires; a feedback form was used on 25 cal information (ELIXIR), and translational medicine (EATRIS). Distribution of workloads by service field in courses and it was supplemented with questionnaires among com- CSC is the national representative in the ELIXIR project that strives FP7-funded projects in 2011.

34 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 35 Project areas of EU's 7. framework programmes 2011

ORGANIZATION

Personnel development model, and a personal development plan was created for at least the next six-month period. CSC’s advanced working environment provides IT specialists with ex- In maintaining the level of expertise and increasing knowledge tremely multifarious and many-sided work. Opportunities for career the 70–20–10 model is applied. Accordingly, most of the process is development help create a foundation for professional success and a learning by working, 20% is learning from peers, and the smallest pro- meaningful working experience. Balancing the demands of work and portion is formal learning from courses. The aim of career paths is to personal life is facilitated by providing flexible family leaves, working encourage employees to participate in internal job circulation, and to hours, and possibilities for remote work. ensure that CSC will have skilled personnel of the right size. Hopefully During the year we continued the development and maintenance it will also encourage and provide alternatives for planning own work. of well-being at work. The input on well-being at work is supported by, for example, diversified and employer-subsidized physical exercise and broad-scale occupational health services. In addition to the oc- INDICATOR VALUES cupational health service, the staff is covered by an “Extended health coverage” group insurance which is valid during working and free- In 2011, twenty-five new permanent employees started and ten per- time hours. manent ones resigned. The transfer rate (4.8%) was very modest and during the last five years it has constantly remained below 5%. The total number of staff on December 31, 2011 was 231. The av- RECRUITING erage number of staff was 219, and the number of person years was 206 on average. The age distribution is good, the average age being 40 In developing its services, CSC has needed to recruit new employees years. The average time of employment was seven years. with additional skills. In certain fields, competition for experienced pro- fessionals is tough and it is a challenge to find potential employees. Number of employees: Gender distribution: Therefore, the recruiting methods were extended to cover different ••Permanent: 209 (90%) ••Men: 72% media and for example, recruiting announcements were posted in the ••Fixed-term: 22 (10%) ••Women: 28% new electronic media. In addition to the social media communities and electronic recruiting channels, CSC also participated in the more tradi- Age distribution: Education distribution: tional recruiting events, such as academic recruiting fairs. ••< 30: 11% ••Basic and vocational 17% CSC is able to offer its staff a developing, active, and equal work- ••30–39: 44% ••University of applied sciences 14% ing environment. Vacancies are also posted for internal recruiting to ••40–49: 30% ••University 48% pave the way for career path possibilities. Furthermore, the staff is ••≥ 50: 15% ••Post-graduate degrees 21% also active in disseminating information on vacancies to their own ••Average age: 40 y networks, so they spread the word about CSC’s reputation as a good employer. 2011 PERSONNEL REPRESENTATION IN MANAGEMENT

THE SPECIALIST CAREER PATH MODEL WAS TAKEN INTO USE Since autumn 2010, Atte Sillanpää has been the personnel representative participating in management group work as a fully authorized The most important change that CSC has implemented has been to member of the management group, having the same rights and re- adopt the specialist career path model that had long been planned. sponsibilities as the other members of the group. To secure development of abilities and sensible career paths for the The task of the personnel representative is to promote the views personnel, the career path model was created together with staff and items that the employees find important. In 2011 among the most representatives. In a lean organization of the size of CSC, horizontal important issues were planning and implementation of career paths career development possibilities are more emphasized compared with and planning of the staff well-being program. a vertical career. As part of the performance discussions of the summer, the title of every employee was agreed according to the new personal

36 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 37 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The governance of CSC is based on the Finnish Limited Liability Compa- The Board of Directors held ten meetings during 2011. CSC has no nies Act and the CSC Articles of Association. As a non-listed company, committees. CSC has decided to comply with, as appropriate, the Finnish Corporate The Board members’ personal information with responsibilities Governance Code (October 1, 2010) for listed companies issued by and outside interests is presented later in this Annual Report. the Securities Market Association. In addition, CSC governance is also guided by the Government Resolution on Ownership Policy issued on November 3, 2011. Duties of the Board CSC’s statutory administrative bodies consist of the General Meeting of Shareholders, the Board of Directors and the Managing In accordance with the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, the Director. The operative management of the company is under the Board of Directors attends to the administration and due organization of © Sini Pennanen, Sininen Kuva © Sini Pennanen, responsibility of the Managing Director together with the Manage- operations. The Board of Directors is also responsible for the appropri- ment Group. ate arrangement of the control of the company accounts and finances. CSC’s Board of Directors December 31, 2011. From left to right: Anna-Mari Walls, Jussi Nuorteva, Johanna Björkroth, The Board of Directors promotes the interests of the company and Heikki Mannila, Kari-Pekka Estola, Erja Heikkinen, Kimmo Koski, and Jouko Paaso. all shareholders. In performing its duties the Board of Directors may General Meeting of Shareholders • Convene the General Meeting Managing Director on key activities and significant operational issues, and monitors the • Control and monitor the current management implementation of the decisions made. During 2011 the Management The Annual General Meeting (AGM) is the highest decision-making organ • Appoint and dismiss the Managing Director of the company The Board of Directors appoints the Managing Director for the company. Group assembled 19 times. The Management Group members’ personal of CSC. The AGM must be held by the end of June, and the meeting is • Approve the Managing Director's contract and other benefits The Managing Director’s terms of office are defined in a written contract information with responsibilities and outside interests is presented later convened by the Board of Directors. The General Meeting of Sharehold- • Approve possible incentive bonuses for the company, allocation approved by the Board of Directors. The Managing Director attends to in this Annual Report. ers addresses the items assigned to it according to the Finnish Limited rationale for incentive bonuses, and an incentive bonus for the the day-to-day administration of the company in compliance with the Liability Companies Act and the CSC Articles of Association. Managing Director instructions and orders given by the Board of Directors. The Managing Notice of a General Meeting must be given to shareholders in writ- • Monitor the working environment and its development in the Director has no additional financial expectation on retirement other Compensation ing, delivered in a verifiable way, no earlier than four weeks and no company than the statutory pension scheme. later than eight days before the meeting. • Approve the company’s risk management principles and conduct According to the decision made by the AGM 2011 the remuneration annual reviews of the essential risks related to the company’s paid to the Board Chair is EUR 800 per month, while the Vice Board operations and the management of the risks Deputy Managing Director Chair receives EUR 550 per month and regular members EUR 450 per Board of Directors • Consolidate the company’s long-term strategic and financial month. In addition, the Board Chair, Vice Chair, and members receive objectives and continuously monitor their realization The Board of Directors may appoint a deputy to the Managing Director. EUR 250 per meeting as remuneration for attending a Board meeting. CSC’s Board of Directors includes 4–7 regular members. The AGM elects • Assemble at least once a year without the current management The company does not have a Deputy Managing Director at the end of Auditors’ fees are paid as invoiced. the members of the Board of Directors. In compliance with the CSC being present the fiscal year 2011. The Board of Directors decides on the management compensation Articles of Association, the Board members’ terms of office expire at • Approve the budget policy. The Board of Directors decides on incentive bonuses additional the end of the AGM following their election. • Approve the financial statements and the report of the Board to salary to be paid for the Managing Director, members of the Board, A Board meeting constitutes a quorum when over half of the regu- of Directors Management Group and other staff; the bonus is paid depending on how well the company lar members, one being the Chair or, if the Chair is prevented from • Confirm an agenda for itself, to be updated annually mission, vision, core values, and strategic goals have been adhered to. attending, the Vice Chair, are present. • Assess, at least once a year, the implementation and validity of The Management Group is chaired by the Managing Director. The The company has not issued option loans or offered stock options. The AGM elects the Chair and the Vice Chair for the Board of Direc- the administration and control systems (corporate governance) Management Group creates plans for the company’s strategic policies, tors. The Managing Director is not a member of the Board but he acts All members the Board of Directors are obliged to hold all company prepares annual operational plans and the budget, plans investment as reporting official and secretary in the meetings. The Board of Direc- information disclosed to them in their capacities as Board members schemes and follows their implementation, allocates resources, decides tors meetings follow the procedure approved on March 2, 2011. as confidential.

38 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 39 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

Internal control, risk management, Audit of the accounts CSC ORGANIZATION December 31, 2011 and internal auditing MANAGING DIRECTOR Kimmo Koski The company has one regular auditor, which is an authorized public The Board of Directors attends to the administration and due organiza- accountancy firm. The auditor’s term of office expires at the end of the Internal STRATEGY SERVICE QUALITY tion of operations. The Managing Director, together with the Manage- AGM following the auditor’s election. Financial Services HR Services Communications ADMINISTRATION SUPPORT Kimmo Niittuaho Jari Rajala and Office Services ment Group, is responsible for the reliability and legality of accounting, The auditor reviews financial statements, accounting, and gover- Tiina Kupila-Rantala Johanna Blomqvist financial affairs, and routine operations. nance. Anne Björklund Management control and monitoring and the related approval and For the fiscal period 2011 the AGM elected Moore Stephens Rewinet monitoring processes are defined in CSC’s policy guidance on man- Oy Ab, Authorized Public Accountants as the auditor, with Jari Palo- agement and governance. niemi, APA as the principal auditor. BUSINESS PROJECT MANAGEMENT PARTNERSHIP Public DEVELOPMENT OFFICE MANAGEMENT Relations The financial development of the company is followed on a Marjut Andler Saara Värttö Marita Pajulahti Kirsi Hepolehto monthly basis through a company-wide financial accounting control system. The system covers the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow, forecast for the current fiscal period, as well as other significant Common ICT Services business transactions. Manne Miettinen The realization of the company’s annual operational plan is moni- Information SERVICES FOR HIGHER EDUCATION tored and compared monthly with the actual financial performance. A Management ADMINISTRATION unit-specific financial reporting system is applied at CSC. It is used, for Services Tuija Raaska Klaus Lindberg example, to monitor how the profit centers deliver their annual opera- STUDENT Administration tional plans. SERVICES There is no separate organization for internal auditing; responsi- Kristiina Uolia bility is divided according to the business function structure. The fi- Cultural and Research nancial management function conducts internal audits in cooperation Data Services with the other managers and the auditor. The requirements set for Kimmo Koivunen internal audits are taken into consideration in the audits of accounts Data services for Data Services, Prod uction ICT SOLUTIONS performed by the auditor. science and culture Systems Juha Haataja The Financial Director is responsible for the cash management and Pirjo-Leena Forsström Totti Mäkelä investments following the specific instructions set by the Board of Di- Data INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES rectors. Panu Kalliokoski The auditor meets with the Board of Directors at least once a year and reports on the status of significant financial items to the Board. Funet Network Additionally, the auditor and the company management meet at least Juha Oinonen twice a year. The auditor meets the financial management at least four Funet Services times per year. Janne Kanner Network Services No significant risks were realized for CSC during 2011. Due to a Harri Kuusisto good cooperation agreement and advanced control and installation solutions, underground excavations connected with the building of Software and Data Solutions the West Metro subway line below CSC’s facilities in Espoo have not Ville Savolainen caused any damages to CSC's systems. CSC’s risk management was

conducted according to the updated Risk Management Plan. CSC’s risk Software Engineering Application Services management covers strategic, operative and damage-related risks, Jussi Tella Antti Pursula and it is part of regular continuity planning at CSC. CSC’s core processes and part of the services are carried out in Mathematics and Statistics Solutions accordance with the higher-level safeguarding requirements set for RESEARCH Peter Råback information security in public administration. The security and qual- ENVIRONMENTS ity of CSC’s services and internal activities have been improved by im- Per Öster Computing Environments proving technical monitoring, response time to faults, and monitoring Vera Hansper of availability. CSC has a special role in the national critical infrastructure to secure critical activities in case of disorders and emergencies. Computing Services HPC Support Janne Ignatius Jussi Heikonen

ICT PLATFORMS Tero Tuononen Computing Solutions Pekka Lehtovuori

Internal Ministry of Core Computing and Service Production Storage Platforms Information Education and Culture Datacenter Services Platforms Christopher Ariyo Management Consulting Dan Still Janne Niemi Sami Salonen Sami Saarikoski

40 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 41 ORGANIZATION

MANAGEMENT GROUP AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS PERSONAL INFORMATION WITH RESPONSIBILITIES AND OUTSIDE INTERESTS (CORPORATE GOVERNANCE)

Management Group 31.12.2011 Director, ICT Solutions, CSC Juha Haataja (born 1965) Managing Director, CSC Lic. Sc. (Tech.) Kimmo Koski (born 1964) Employment history summary: D.Sc. (Tech.) •• CSC, Director, ICT solutions 2010 – Employment history summary: •• CSC, Director of Customer Services, 2007– •• CSC, Managing Director, 2004– •• CSC, Director of Scientific Services, 2005–2007 •• Nokia Technology Platform Engineering Environment, Strategy and •• CSC, Development Manager, 1997–2004 Roadmaps Manager, 2004 •• CSC, Application Specialist, 1990–1997 •• Nokia Research Center, IT Manager, 2000–2003 •• Helsinki University of Technology, Application Specialist, •• CERN, Switzerland, Scientific Associate, 1996–1997 1988–1990 •• CSC, positions as Manager and Specialist, 1989–2000 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: Board member: •• Follow-up/executive group for KDK (National Digital Library), 2010– •• Secretary of the CSC Board of Directors 8/2004- •• Steering group for RAKETTI-TUTKI, 2010–2011 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Steering group for the classification of academic publication •• European Data Infrastructure (EUDAT), coordinator channels in Finland (Julkaisufoorumin ohjausryhmä), 2010– •• PRACE-Council, Vice-Chair Vice Managing Director, CSC Director, Business Development, CSC Tiina Kupila-Rantala (born 1963) Marjut Andler (born 1955) Ph.D., Master of Business Administration M.Sc., Engineering (Industrial Engineering and Management) Employment history summary: Helsinki University of Technology (Aalto) •• CSC, Vice Managing Director, 07/2011- Employment history summary: •• CSC, Director, Business and Operational Development, 2010– •• CSC, Director, business development 2011- 06/2011 •• Vaisala Oyj, Director, Systems Architecture and Integration •• CSC, Development Manager, 2002–2010 Technology, 2006–2010 •• Nokia Networks, Project Manager, 2001 •• TietoEnator, Vice president, Corporate ICT, 2003–2006 •• CSC, Systems Specialist, 1996–2001 •• TietoEnator, Processing and Networks, Competence center, •• University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Assistant, Department manager, 2000–2003 Scholarship Researcher (Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, •• Carelcomp GmbH (Tieto GmbH), Germany, EU-project coordinator, Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation), 1992–1996 1997–2000 •• Nokia Telecommunications, System Analyst, 1990–1991 •• TT Tieto Oyj, new business development, development manager, Summary of concurrent confidential posts: 1996–1997 •• Chrysopoeia Oy, Board member •• Finnish State Computer Centre, various managerial positions (training/product development/business development), 1982–1995 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Ursa Astronomical Association, Board member, 2012–2014

42 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 43 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

Director, CSC Director, Research Environments, CSC Directors of CSC Service Areas 31.12.2011 Director, Funet Services, CSC Leif Laaksonen (born 1954) Per Öster (born 1959) Janne Kanner (born 1973) D.Sc. (Tech.), Åbo Akademi University Ph.D. Director, Data Services for Science and Culture, CSC M.Sc. Employment history summary: Employment history summary: Pirjo-Leena Forsström (born 1959) Employment history summary: •• CSC, Director, 2010– •• CSC, Director, Research Environments 2010– Ph.D. •• CSC, Director, Funet Services, 2007– •• CSC, Director, Collaboration, 2007– •• CSC, Director, Application Services 2007–2010 Employment history summary: •• CSC, Technology Director, 2004–2007 •• CSC, Development Director, 2005–2007 •• KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, •• CSC, Director, Data Services for Science and Culture, 2007- •• CSC, Development Manager, 2002-2004 •• CSC, Development Manager, 1994-2005 Parallelldatorcentrum (PDC), Associate Director, 2001–2007 •• CSC, positions as Manager and Specialist, 1987–2007 •• CSC, Specialist, 1999–2002 •• Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching, Germany, Visiting •• KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, Parallellda- •• University of Helsinki, Research Assistant, Assistant, Amanuensis, •• University of Jyväskylä, 1998–1999 Researcher, 1993, 1994, 1995, and 1996 torcentrum (PDC), Associate Director, Research and Customer Rela- 1981–1987 •• Vapo Oy (part-time), 1992–1998 •• Academy of Finland, Researcher, 1989–1992 tions, 1996–2001 •• Research Grant (Academy of Finland, Vaisala), 2005–2007 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Academy of Finland, Senior Research Fellow, 1988–1989 •• KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• TERENA (The Trans-European Research and Education Networking •• University of Oxford, Research Assistant, 1984 Parallelldatorcentrum (PDC), Project Manager, Industrial •• The National Digital Library, steering and management group Association), Chair of the Board, 2009–2011 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: Applications, 1994–1996 member 2010– •• NORDUnet A/S, Board member (2004-) and Chair (2008-2010) •• e-IRG, ESFRI Implementation Group (IG), working group, •• Volvo Data AB, Gothenburg, Sweden, Consultant, Applied •• Ministry of Finance, work group for availability and usability of •• Otaverkko Oy, Board member, 2009– representative, 2011– Mathematics, 1992–1994 Public Information, member, 2010-2102 •• Tivit Oy, Board member, 2010- •• e-Infrastructure Policy Forum, working group, representative, •• Volvo Data AB, Gothenburg, Sweden, System Analyst and Product •• JHS Geographic Information Systems, steering group member, 2011– Manager, Technical Computing, 1990–1992 2010- Director, Information Management Services, CSC •• Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg, •• Statistics Finland and MIDRAS- project, remote usage of register Klaus Lindberg (born 1958) Financial Director, CSC PhD grant and PhD research position, 1984–1990 data, work group Chair, 2010–2011 M.Sc. (Tech.) Kimmo Niittuaho (born 1966) Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• A preparatory project on register research, steering group member, Employment history summary: M.Sc. (Econ.) European Grid Initiative (EGI) Council, chairman, 2009– 2009–2011 •• CSC, positions as Director, 2002– Employment history summary: •• EGI.eu Foundation Executive Board, chairman, 2010– •• Ministry of Transport and Communications, Access to public •• CSC, positions as Manager and Specialist, 1989–2002 •• CSC, Financial Director 2011– •• Finnish Graduate School in Computational Sciences (FICS) Strategic information, Group member, 2010–2011 •• Helsinki University of Technology, Research Assistant, 1984–1989 •• CSC, Financial Manager, 2003–2011 Committee, member, 2010– •• Ministry of Education, Electronic data for research project, steering Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Pirelli Oy, Controller, 2001–2003 group member, chair for the expert group 2009–2011 •• RAKETTI steering group nominated by the MoE, member •• LM Ericsson Oy, Business Controller, 2000–2001 •• Neartherlands eScience Center Advisory Board, member, 2011– •• Member of the SADe project ”Oppijan palvelukokonaisuus” cluster •• AKB Services, Controller, 1995–2000 •• OpIT working group nominated by the MoE, member Director, Computing Services, CSC •• CSC representative in ESR-project TIPTOP steering group HR Director, CSC Janne Ignatius (born 1965) •• CSC representative in Haka-federation steering group Jari Rajala (born 1971) Ph.D., Adjunct Professor M.A. (Education) Employment history summary: Director, Application services, CSC Employment history summary: •• CSC, Director, Computing Services, 2007– Antti Pursula ( born 1974) •• CSC, HR Director, 2011- •• CSC, Development Manager, 2002–2007 M.Sc. (Tech.) •• CSC, HR Manager, 2007–2011 •• CSC, Specialist in Computational Physics, 2001–2002 Employment history summary: •• CSC, Administrative Director, 2004–2007 •• Academy of Finland (University of Helsinki), Junior Researcher and •• CSC, Director, Application Services 2010– •• CSC, positions as Manager and Specialist, 1997–2004 Responsible Leader of Project, 1998–2000 •• CSC, Development manager, 2007– 2010 •• NORDITA (Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics), Copenhagen, •• CSC, Specialist, 2001–2007 Application Specialist, CSC Denmark, Postdoc Researcher, 1997–1998 •• Helsinki University of Technology, 1997–2000 Atte Sillanpää (born 1972) •• Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany, Summary of concurrent confidential posts: PhD Postdoc Researcher, 1994–1996 •• HPC-Europa2 Project Management Board, member 2010 Employment history summary: •• University of Helsinki, Departments of Physics (Dept. and Division •• FIN-CLARIN, steering board member 2010- •• CSC, Application Specialist 2005–, of Theoretical Physics, Accelerator Laboratory, Research Institute of •• CEID (Centre of Computational Engineering and Integrated Design) •• University of Naples Federico II, Researcher 2004–2005 Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Dept. of High Energy Board, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Vice-Chairman, •• University of Oulu, Researcher 1997–2004 Physics); Senior Researcher, Researcher, Junior Researcher, Re- 2011–2012 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: search Assistant, Intern, Teaching Assistant, 1987–1994, 1996, •• CSC, Personnel representative in administration 10/2010– 2000 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: CSC, Director (ICT platforms) •• PRACE Project Management Boards, member, 2009− Tero Tuononen (born 1971) •• DEISA Executive Committee, member, 2008−2011 M.Sc. (Computer science) •• National Steering Committee for fusion energy research (Associa- Employment history summary: tion Euratom-Tekes): Topical Advisory Group for physics and diag- CSC, Director (ICT platforms), 2010– nostics, member, 2007− ; joint meetings of Topical Advisory CSC, Chief Information Officer, 2010– Groups, chair, 2011 CSC, IT Manager, 2009–2010 •• Evaluation of Physics Research in Finland (Academy of Finland), CSC, Development manager, 2006–2008 member of steering group, 2011–2012 Nokia Oyj, IT Manager, 1996–2006 •• Canon Professional Network, 2008− •• University of Helsinki, Adjunct Professor (Theoretical Physics), 2001−

44 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 45 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION

Members of the Board of Directors 31.12.2011 Counsellor of Education, Ministry of Education and Culture Rector, Oulu University of Applied Sciences (OAMK) Erja Heikkinen (born 1964) Docent, University of Vaasa Vice President (Academic Affairs), Aalto University Ph.D., Docent Jouko Paaso (born 1956) Ph.D. (Tech.), eMBA Heikki Mannila (born 1960) Employment history summary: Employment history summary: Chair 05/2010– •• Ministry of Education and Culture, Counsellor of Education, 2005− •• Oulu University of Applied Sciences (OAMK), Rector, 2009 PhD •• Tekes, Technology Specialist, 2001−2005 •• Vaasa University of Applied Sciences (VAMK), Rector, 2004–2009 Employment history summary: •• University of Helsinki, Adjunct Professor, 2001− •• Pehr Brahe Software Laboratory, Head of Laboratory, 2001–2004 •• Aalto University, Vice President, 2009– •• CSC – Scientific Computing Ltd., Biosciences Specialist, 1997−2001 •• University of Oulu, Raahe Unit (OAMK University of Applied Scienc- •• TKK / Aalto University, Professor, Computer Science, 1999– •• Academy of Finland, Junior Research Fellow at the University of es, within the Raahe unit), Unit Director, Acting Professor, 1 •• Academy of Finland, Academy Professor 2004–2008 Tübingen (Germany) and the University of California at Davis (USA), 994–2004 •• HIIT (Helsinki Institute for Information Technology), Research Di- 1992−1995 •• Fraunhofer–Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung, Darmstadt, rector 2002–2004, Director 2009 •• Biocenter Oulu, Coordinator, 1995−1997 Germany, Visiting Researcher, 1993–1994 •• Helsinki University, Associate Professor, Computer Science Board member since: 2008 •• Raahe School of Engineering and Business, Information Technolo- 1987–1988; Professor 1989–1999 gy, Senior Lecturer in Information Technology, 1990–1993 •• University of Tampere, Associate Professor 1987 Director General, National Archivist •• VTT Electronics Laboratory, Oulu, CAE Division, Researcher, Board member since: 05/2010 Jussi Nuorteva (born 1954) 1982–1990 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: D.Theol., Phil.Lic., Docent •• LM Ericsson, Software Design Division, Software Designer, •• Unify Board Member 2010 Employment history summary: 1981–1982 •• National Archives Service of Finland, Director General, 2003– Board member since: 2008 Vice–Rector, University of Helsinki •• University of Helsinki, Docent, 1998– Summary of concurrent confidential posts: Katri Johanna Björkroth (born1964) •• Finnish Literature Society, Secretary General, 2000–2003 •• RAKETTI information management project, Steering group mem- Professor of Food Hygiene •• Academy of Finland, Secretary General of the Research Council for ber Employment history summary: Culture and Society, 1998–2000 •• Virtual University of Applied Sciences, Chair of Management Group •• University of Helsinki, Professor of Food Hygiene, 2002– Board member since: 2007 (Deputy member), 2008 (member) •• POEM Foundation, Board member •• University of Helsinki, Department of Food Hygiene and Environ- Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Oulu Innovation Alliance (OIA), Management Group member mental Health, 1991–2012 •• University of Turku, Board member •• Oulu City brand group, member •• Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Karlsruhe, Germany, •• National Board of Heraldry, Chair •• Barents Advisory Board Finland, member 1998–1999 •• University of Helsinki, Scientific Advisory Board at the Centre for •• The Association of Entrepreneurs,Oulu Region, •• Ludvig Maximiliams Universitet (Guest Professor), Germany, 2009 European Studies, Chair Education Committee member Board member since: 05/2010 •• Alliance for Permanent Access, Chair of Executive Board •• Coordination group of Education and Research, the Council of Oulu Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Finnish National Commission for UNESCO, member Region, member •• Vice-Rector, University of Helsinki •• Nordea Bank, Oulu, Controller

Private investor Director, Professor, Finnish Environment Institute, Kari-Pekka Estola (born 1956) Marine Research Centre D.Sc. (Tech.), Tampere University of Technology Anna-Mari Walls (born 1961) Employment history summary: Ph.D. (Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of •• Nokia Research Center (NRC), Vice President and Head of Turku, Finland) 1989, Docent Technology Exploration, 1998–2007 Employment history summary: •• NRC, Electronics Laboratory, 1993–1997 •• Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Research Centre, Director •• VTT, Professor, Head of Electronics Laboratory, 1992–1993 and Board Member 2009– •• VTT, Research Professor in Signal Processing, 1990–1992 •• MTT Agrifood Research, Research Director, 2008–2009 Board member since: 2000 •• MTT Agrifood Research, Environmental Research, Programme Summary of concurrent confidential posts: Director, 200 –2007 •• Eureka Advisory Board, Chair, 2006– •• University of Turku, Department of Biology, Professor in Biodiver- •• VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Board member, sity and Environmental Research (acting), 2004–2005 2001– 2009 •• University of Turku and Academy of Finland, Finnish Biodiversity •• MidInvest Fund Oy, Board member, 2000– Research Programme FIBRE, Programme Director, 1997–2003 •• VTT Memsfab Oy, Chair 2006– •• Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation, Head of Research, 1995–1997 Board member since: 05/2010 Summary of concurrent confidential posts: •• Research Council for Biosciences and Environment at the Academy of Finland, Member 2010–2012 •• WWF Finland, Board Member 2010– •• Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Board Member 2012–2014

46 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 47 BALANCE SHEET

BOARD OF DIRECTORS’ REPORT JANUARY 1 – DECEMBER 31, 2011

CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. Fiscal year 2011 Risks and uncertainties

CSC provides and develops information technology services for re- No significant risks were realized for CSC during 2011. Due to a good search, teaching, and administrative functions. The clientele comprises cooperation agreement and advanced control and installation solutions, higher education institutions, research institutes, and companies. CSC is underground excavations connected with the building of the West part of the national research system. CSC implements the information Metro subway line below CSC’s facilities in Espoo have not caused any strategy of the Ministry of Education and Culture by providing those IT damages to CSC's systems. CSC’s risk management was conducted ac- services for science that it is most practical to handle centrally. The most cording to the updated Risk Management Plan. CSC’s risk management important tasks of CSC consist of providing specialist, software and covers strategic, operative and damage-related risks, and it is part of information services for science and information technology, national regular continuity planning at CSC. and international data communications connections, as well as offering CSC’s core processes and part of the services are carried out in computing resources for high-performance computing and large-scale accordance with the higher-level safeguarding requirements set data storage. In accordance with the CSC Articles of Association, CSC for information security in public administration. The security and performs its services to academic communities on a non-profit basis. quality of CSC’s services and internal activities have been improved Financially the fiscal year 2011 was extremely good. The objectives by improving technical monitoring, response time to faults, and set for the fiscal period were met better than expected. Significant monitoring of availability. CSC has a special role in the national criti- growth was attained in new fields of business. Business was also remu- cal infrastructure to secure critical activities in case of disorders and nerative; the operational costs were in control along with increasing emergencies. activities. The turnover increased approximately 6.2% compared with 2010. The growth in volumes is seen also in cost accumulation and the proportional cost level was somewhat lower than in the previous Main events during the fiscal period years. CSC’s operations were extremely cost-efficient, as in previous years. The operating profit of the fiscal year was at the forecast level. In spite of the challenging economic situation, CSC strengthened its po- The turnover in 2011 was EUR 27,256,783.96 (25,671,346.08). The sition as a service organization providing research, teaching and culture operating profit after financial items was EUR 111,169.13 (48,296.99) with IT support and resources. The success was based on CSC’s readi- and the net profit for the fiscal period amounted to EUR 77,053.14 ness to react to changes in the operational sphere and stakeholders’ (34,835.68). needs, and the synergy benefits achieved due to the updated strategy The company’s research and development costs in 2011 were ap- and organization matrix. proximately 14.0% (6.0%) of the turnover. In spring 2011 CSC set ambitious strategic goals for the development of national e-Infrastructure, for delivering an excellent customer experience, and for flexibility in the ICT services provided for science. Key financial indicators during the fiscal year An important milestone was reached on February 8, 2011, when the cross-disciplinary working group, coordinated by CSC, submitted the CSC’s financial result, solvency, and liquidity were good. final report of the Tutkimuksen tietoaineistot (Data for Research) project to government minister Henna Virkkunen. The aim of the project Key indicators 2011 2010 2009 2008 was to create an overall perception of the situation in Finland and to Operating profit (%) 0.21 % 0.09 % 0.12 % 0.49 % create a national roadmap for developing the availability and storage Return on equity 4.84 % 2.45 % 3.10 % 18.00 % of electronic research data. The intent stated in the roadmap was re- Return on invested capital 8.49 % 3.61 % 4.57 % 24.85 % corded in the government’s agenda in summer 2011. Quick ratio 3.0 2.6 2.6 1.9 During the autumn, CSC was also assigned the task of coordinating Equity ratio 25.42 % 24.95 % 24.60 % 22.78 % the three-year Data for Research project that aims to improve the usability of electronic research data. CSC also created an implementation plan of long-term preservation for the National Digital Library, and on April 27, 2011, together with its collaboration partner, the Finnish Cen-

48 CSC VUOSIKERTOMUS 2010 © Hannu Mourujärvi CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 49 BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEET

tre for Register Research (RetKi), CSC published the final report on the Year 2012 In recruiting CSC continued to utilize versatile methods. Due to the In March 2011 CSC joined the WWF’s Green Office program and was MIDRAS project on remote use of records. increasing volume of services, CSC still needs to recruit new employ- awarded the right to use the Green Office label based on the audit con- On November 11, 2011 CSC took a leap towards the vision “CSC At the beginning of 2012 economic growth in Finland is overshadowed ees with additional skills. As the most important change, CSC adopted ducted in the office facilities in November 2011. In August 2011 CSC’s – Forerunner of sustainable ICT services” by signing a contract with by uncertainties in the international economy. The Council of State is the specialist career path that had long been planned. To ensure de- Management Group approved an environmental policy for CSC, the UPM on building a data center in the Renforsin Ranta business park preparing several economic and structural adaptive measures that aim velopment of abilities and sensible career paths for the personnel, the aim of which is to improve energy efficiency of data centers, exploit in Kajaani. CSC’s next supercomputer will be the first to be installed to balance public spending and prevent it from external disturbances. career path model was created together with staff representatives. renewable energy sources, consider environmental load in procure- in Kajaani. From CSC’s perspective, the most significant measures concern the re- The aim of career paths is to encourage employees to participate in ment, and expect the staff to commit themselves to procedures that The computing capacity available for Finnish researchers was newal of the funding and structures of higher education institutions, internal job circulation, and to ensure that CSC will have skilled per- help to save the environment. An environmental guide for CSC staff significantly increased in December 2011, when the Finnish Grid In- development of research infrastructures, and organization of public sonnel of the right size. It is to be hoped that it will also provide alter- was published to help the staff to advance sustainable development frastructure (FGI) consortium acquired national computing capacity administration ICT activities. natives for planning own work. in their daily work. from Hewlett-Packard Oy. The distributed computing capacity con- CSC’s business activities are expected to continue on the positive The total number of staff on December 31, 2011 was 231 and the sists of ten different devices, the combined theoretical maximum growth track also in 2011. The expected growth of business volume average number of employees was 219. capacity of which is approximately 154 TFlop/s. The use of CSC re- is approximately 10%. The growth is mostly based on the increasing The Board of Directors’ proposal for the sources was facilitated by the renewed Scientist’s User Interface, volume of CSC’s contracts and new funding sources. However, eco- Key indicators 2011 2010 2009 2008 distribution of the fiscal profit SUI that was opened in February 2011. The SUI is a versatile extranet nomic challenges are caused by the uncertain euro zone, scarce basic Number of staff 231 210 191 166 service for use by all CSC customers; it provides a uniform and funding, and CSC’s operations being spread to Kajaani. The idea is to Permanent 209 191 175 150 The Board of Directors proposes that the profit of the fiscal period 2011, seamless web-based interface to several CSC services via the Haka face these challenges by cost-effective actions and careful planning. Fixed-term 22 19 16 16 EUR 77,053.14, be carried forward to retained earnings from the previ- authentication. The essential goals of 2012 include the implementation of the data Men 72 % 74 % 77 % 78 % ous fiscal periods and that no dividends be paid. In September 2011 Finland signed a Memorandum of Under- park being completed in Kajaani, the new supercomputer and new Women 28 % 26 % 23 % 22 % standing on ELIXIR (European life science infrastructure for biologi- data storage environment. Complying with the principles of sustain- Age distribution cal information) that is striving to form a pan-European distributed able development, the infrastructure being created will pave the way < 30 11 % 11 % 12 % 16 % biological data infrastructure. In addition to Finland, the MoU has for internationally state-of-the-art research. 30-39 44 % 44 % 44 % 36 % been signed by Denmark, Sweden, the UK, the Netherlands, and the The aim in the Programme of the Finnish Government, published 40-49 30 % 32 % 32 % 36 % European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). in June 2011, is to increase productivity in the public sector by utilizing > 50 15 % 13 % 12 % 12 % A major part of the work at Information Management Services knowledge management and interoperable information systems, and Average age 40 years 40 years 39 years 39 years was focused on the RAKETTI project. The project aims to achieve na- by increasing shared use of information. CSC supports the develop- Education tional-level improvements in the quality, inter-operability, and avail- ment of national e-infrastructure in the fields of research, teaching, Basic and vocational 17 % 21 % ability of the information and IT solutions needed in the guidance, and culture. In 2012, together with other essential IT stakeholders we University of applied sciences 14 % 11 % impact monitoring, and internal management of higher education will initiate the Data for Research project to advance usability of re- University 48 % 45 % institutions. search data. Additionally, as authorized by the Ministry of Education Post-graduate degrees 21 % 23 % CSC participates in international collaboration networks to help and Culture, CSC will initiate the implementation phase of the National Finnish research gain support on international forums and strength- Digital Library’s long-term preservation system. en Finland's competitive edge. In 2011 CSC participated in 23 Euro- In international operations CSC's emphasis has shifted from de- Environment pean and Nordic e-Infrastructure projects. Seven Finnish research velopment projects on research infrastructures to projects based on groups received a total of 18 million CPU hours of computing re- research community initiatives. The aim of this change in approach is CSC's environmental load consists mostly of the power consumption sources on the most powerful European supercomputers that are to provide better support to allow Finnish research to become inter- of the data centers. Of the power consumption in 2011, 97% was used part of the PRACE (the Partnership for Advanced Computing in Eu- national. As for European collaboration in 2012, CSC will participate in data centers and 3% in office facilities. In 2011 CSC’s total electricity rope) high-performance computing infrastructure. The most sig- in the PRACE and EUDAT projects that support computational science consumption in the Espoo data centers and offices was 9946 MWh, of nificant new collaboration venture in 2011 was the European Data and the usability of research data. which 302 MWh was in office use. Electricity consumption in data cen- Infrastructure project, EUDAT. It strives to respond to the challenge CSC has chosen environmental responsibility to be the theme ters increased by 484 MWh and declined in offices by 22 MWh compared caused by data masses that are rapidly accumulating within Euro- for 2012, and this is reflected as ethically sustainable choices in all with the figures of 2010. CSC was granted a 2011 Certificate of Origin pean research communities. EUDAT’s aim is to produce a Collabora- of our operations. As our essential internal development, we will de- on 10,000 MWh which guaranteed that the electricity was produced tive Data Infrastructure, CDI to meet the researchers’ needs. CSC velop indicators that depict our economic, social, and environmental without carbon dioxide. coordinates the EUDAT project involving 25 European collaboration responsibilities based on the G3 guideline of the Global Reporting CSC’s data centers' eco-efficiency is extremely good in internation- partners from 13 countries. Initiative. al comparison. Eco-energy efficiency is measured by the Power Usage CSC celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2011. To highlight the cel- Effectiveness (PUE) factor, which refers to the total power divided by ebratory year, CSC arranged a jubilee on October 20th, 2011 in its the power consumed by the servers, and for CSC data centers these office facilities in Keilaniemi, Espoo in the presence of 170 invited Personnel factors were 1.38 and 1.80. In 2011 a survey study on improving the guests. Speakers at the occasion were Kimmo Koski, Managing Di- energy efficiency of one of the two data centers in Espoo, and a deci- rector, CSC; Jukka Gustafsson, Minister of Education; Markku Matti- During the year CSC continued the in-depth work to maintain our staff's sion in principle was made on signing an Energy Efficiency Agreement. la, Director General, Academy of Finland; Heikki Mannila, chairman wellbeing. A wide range of training opportunities are available for the The Energy Efficiency Agreement system is part of the implementa- of the CSC Board of Directors, Vice Rector, Aalto University; Risto Nie- different stages of career, and flexible working time arrangements tion of Finland’s long-term climate and energy strategy and the deci- minen, Professor, Aalto University; Matti Ihamuotila, former Man- facilitate balancing the demands of work and personal life. Wellbeing sion in principle on energy efficiency measures issued by the Council aging Director of CSC; and Paavo Ahonen, science writer. A 40-year is looked after through the extensive occupational health and health of State in February 2010. history volume was also published to celebrate the jubilee year. insurance services provided. After the energy consumption by data centers and office facilities, Twenty-five new permanent employees started and ten perma- business flights represent the next biggest source of carbon dioxide nent ones resigned. The transfer rate (4.8%) was very modest and dur- emissions related to CSC’s operations. The amount of flight kilometers ing the last five years it has constantly remained below 5%. reduced slightly in 2011 compared with the level of 2010.

50 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 51 BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEET

INCOME STATEMENT FUNDS

Jan. 1 – Dec. 31, 2011 Jan. 1 – Dec. 31, 2010 2011 2010 Euros Euros

Turnover 27 256 783.96 25 671 346.08 Cash flow from operating activities Cash generated from operations 30 619 115.76 25 545 908.14 Staff costs 13 967 928.10 12 419 147.04 Expenses from operations -26 698 073.57 -25 816 883.67 Depreciation 116 179.47 126 671.76 Net cash flow before financing and taxes 3 921 042.19 -270 975.53 Other operating expenses 13 115 879.18 13 103 315.28 Interests and expenses paid on financing costs of operations -24 572.76 -3 515.03 Operating profit/loss 56 797.21 22 212.00 Cash flow generated from interests of operations 78 944.68 29 600.02 Taxes paid -33 636.29 -12 981.61 Financial income and expenses 54 371.92 26 084.99 Cash flow from operating activities 3 941 777.82 -257 872.15

Profit before extraordinary items 111 169.13 48 296.99 Cash flow from investing activities Investing in tangible and intangible assets -172 929.65 -160 039.05 Profit before appropriations and taxes 111 169.13 48 296.99 Cash flow from investing activities -172 929.65 -160 039.05

Taxes -34 115.99 -13 461.31 Change in liquid funds 3 768 848.17 -417 911.20 Liquid funds at start of period 7 033 594.93 7 451 506.13 Net profit/loss for the period 77 053.14 34 835.68 Liquid funds at end of period 10 802 443.10 7 033 594.93

BALANCE SHEET

Assets Dec. 31, 2011 Dec. 31, 2010 Euros

Fixed assets Intangible assets 15 875.76 6 159.88 Tangible assets 375 236.06 328 201.76 Investments 255 522.82 255 522.82 646 634.64 589 884.46

Current assets Short-term receivables 3 774 615.46 5 084 972.30 Cash and bank balance 10 802 443.10 7 033 594.93 14 577 058.56 12 118 567.23 15 223 693.20 12 708 451.69

Liabilities Dec. 31, 2011 Dec. 31, 2010 Euros

Capital and reserves Share capital 600 000.00 600 000.00 Reserve fund 0.00 0.00 SVOP 200 000.00 200 000.00 Retained earnings from previous periods 755 122.55 720 286.87 Net loss/profit for the period 77 053.14 34 835.68 Total capital and reserves 1 632 175.69 1 555 122.55

Liabilities Current liabilities 13 591 517.51 11 153 329.14 13 591 517.51 11 153 329.14 15 223 693.20 12 708 451.69

52 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 53 BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEET

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, DECEMBER 31, 2011

Financial reporting principles Notes to the income statement

Comparability Euros The financial statements 2010 and 2011 are comparable. Turnover 2011 2010 Domestic turnover 27 256 783.96 25 671 346.08 Fixed assets and planned depreciations Fixed assets have been capitalized for unreserved acquisitions. Planned depreciations are calculated Notes to staff 2011 2010 based on the foreseeable time of use for the fixed asset items. The following planned depreciations are presented in the financial statement December 31, 2011. Total number of employees Machinery and furniture 25% of the net expenditure, from the date of acquisition. during the fiscal period ending Dec. 31 231 210 Average number of employees 219 197 Pensions The company’s pension scheme is insured with an insurance company. The Managing Director’s Staff costs 2011 2010 pension scheme is no different from that of the other staff. Salaries 11 451 574.34 10 217 757.02 Pension costs 1 946 480.39 1 702 144.44 Tax write-offs Other statutory staff expenses 569 873.37 499 245.58 Tax receivables are calculated as interim differences between taxation and the financial statement Total 13 967 928.10 12 419 147.04 using the tax rate confirmed for the subsequent fiscal years on the date of the financial statement. The balance sheet contains the calculated tax receivables in the amount of estimated foreseeable Salaries and remunerations to the management 2011 2010 receivables. Board of Directors and Managing Director 247 297.88 221 316.65

Financial assets Remunerations to the Auditor 2011 2010 Financial assets are assessed at acquisition cost or the fair market value where this is lower. Auditing of the accounts 6 400.00 5 500.00 Other statements 2 900.00 5 900.00 9 300.00 11 400.00

Other operating expenses 2011 2010

Telecommunications, equipment and software costs 7 547 984.83 6 665 715.89 Other expenses 5 567 894.35 6 437 599.39 13 115 879.18 13 103 315.28

Financial income and expenses 2011 2010

Income from interests and financing from others 78 944.68 29 600.02 Expenses from interests and financing to others -24 572.76 -3 515.03 Total financial income and expenses 54 371.92 26 084.99

Breakdown of taxes 2011 2010

Income taxes from actual operations -33 636.29 -12 981.61 Change of calculated tax receivables -479.70 -479.70 Total -34 115.99 -13 461.31

54 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 55 BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEET

Notes to the balance sheet Capital and reserves 2011 2010

Fixed assets Intangible assets Tangible assets Share capital Jan. 1, 2011 600 000.00 200 000.00 Intangible rights Machinery and furniture Total Change 0.00 400 000.00 Purchase cost Jan. 1, 2011 65 195.57 1 302 808.45 1 368 004.02 Share capital Dec. 31, 2011 600 000.00 600 000.00 Additions 15 995.00 1 457 669.62 1 473 664.62 Reductions 1 300 734.97 1 300 734.97 Reserve fund Jan. 1, 2011 0.00 136 375.86 Purchase cost Dec. 31, 2011 81 190.57 1 459 743.10 1 540 933.67 Change 0.00 -136 375.86 Reserve fund Dec. 31, 2011 0.00 0.00 Accrued depreciations Jan. 1, 2011 59 035.69 974 606.69 1 033 642.38 Depreciations during the period 6 279.12 109 900.35 116 179.47 SVOP Jan. 1, 2011 200 000.00 0.00 Accrued depreciations Dec. 31, 2011 65 314.81 1 084 507.04 1 149 821.85 Change 0.00 200 000.00 SVOP Dec. 31, 2011 200 000.00 200 000.00 Book value Dec. 31, 2010 6 159.88 328 201.76 334 361.64 Book value Dec. 31, 2011 15 875.76 375 236.06 391 111.82 Profit from previous periods Jan. 1, 2011 755 122.55 950 911.01 Profit from previous periods Dec. 31, 2011 755 122.55 720 286.87 Ownerships in other companies 2011 2010 Shares owned by the company Net profit/loss for the period 77 053.14 34 835.68

Otaverkko Oy euros Ownership % per Ownership % per Total capital and reserves 1 632 175.69 1 555 122.55 number of shares number of shares Purchase cost Jan. 1, 2011 2 522.82 5.3 / 75 5.3 / 75 Distributable assets Dec. 31, 2011 2011 2010 Purchase cost Dec. 31, 2011 2 522.82 5.3 / 75 5.3 / 75 Profit from previous periods 755 122.55 720 286.87 Book value Dec. 31, 2011 2 522.82 5.3 / 75 5.3 / 75 Profit from the fiscal period 77 053.14 34 835.68 Total 832 175.69 755 122.55 Tivit Oy/ ICT SHOK Ownership % per Ownership % per number of shares number of shares Distribution of capital funds by share types 2011 2010 Purchase cost Jan. 1, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 number of shares number of shares Purchase cost Dec. 31, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 The shares are entitled to one vote per share 10 000 10 000 Book value Dec. 31, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 Current liabilities 2011 2010 Tivit Oy/ T&K SHOK Ownership % per Ownership % per Advances received 8 803 907.81 6 476 102.69 number of shares number of shares Accounts payable 1 214 937.91 954 666.27 Purchase cost Jan. 1, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 Other current liabilities 898 373.44 1 261 490.41 Purchase cost Dec. 31, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 Adjusting entries for liabilities 2 674 298.35 2 461 069.77 Book value Dec. 31, 2011 10 000.00 0.9 / 100 0.9 / 100 13 591 517.51 11 153 329.14

NORDUnet Oy Ownership % per Ownership % per Off-balance sheet commitments number of shares number of shares Purchase cost Jan. 1, 2011 Leasing liabilities Purchase cost Dec. 31, 2011 233 000.00 17.9 / 2000 17.9 / 2000 Payable in the next fiscal period 506 847.94 Book value Dec. 31, 2011 233 000.00 17.9 / 2000 17.9 / 2000 Payable in future fiscal periods 1 155 371.79

Short-term receivables 2011 2010 Key figure 2011 2010 2009 2008 - Operating profit (%) 0.21 % 0.09 % 0.12 % 0.49 % Sales receivables 1 062 377.82 2 513 234.42 - Return on equity 4.84 % 2.45 % 3.10 % 18.00 % Receivables carried forward 2 683 596.57 2 542 617.11 - Return on invested capital 8.49 % 3.61 % 4.57 % 24.85 % Calculated tax receivables 28 641.07 29 120.77 - Quick ratio 3.0 2.6 2.6 1.9 Total 3 774 615.46 5 084 972.30 - Equity ratio 25.42 % 24.95 % 24.60 % 22.78 %

56 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 57 BALANCE SHEET BALANCE SHEET

CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. AUDIT REPORT Opinion on the financial statements and the Board of Directors' report In Espoo, February 27, 2012 to the Annual General Meeting of In our opinion, the financial statements give a true and fair view of the CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. financial performance and financial position of the company in accordance with the laws and regulations governing the preparation of the fi- We have audited the accounting records, the financial statements, the nancial statements in Finland. The information in the Board of Directors' Heikki Mannila Johanna Björkroth Kari-Pekka Estola Board of Directors' report, and the administration of CSC – IT Center for report is consistent with the information in the financial statements. Science Ltd. for the financial period January 1 – December 31, 2011. The financial statements include balance sheet, income and funds statements, and notes to the financial statements. Opinion based on the decision made by the Annual General Meeting

Responsibility of the Board of Directors and The Board of Directors’ proposal for the distribution of the fiscal profit Erja Heikkinen Jussi Nuorteva Jouko Paaso the Managing Director complies with the rules of the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act. We support that the Members of the Board of Directors and the Manag- The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for ing Director should be discharged from liability for the financial period the preparation of the financial statements and the report of the Board audited. of Directors, as well as for the true and fair presentation of them in accordance with laws and regulations governing the preparation of Espoo, March 8, 2012 financial statements and the Board of Directors' report in Finland. The Mari Walls Kimmo Koski Board of Directors is responsible for the appropriate arrangement of Moore Stephens Rewinet Oy Ab Managing Director the control of the company’s accounts and finances, and the Managing Director shall see to it that the accounts of the company are in compliance with the law and that its financial affairs have been arranged in a reliable manner. Auditor’s Report to the Financial Statements Jari Paloniemi, KHT

As a result of the conducted audit of the accounts the Auditor’s Report was submitted today. Auditor’s responsibility

In Espoo, March 8, 2012 Our responsibility is to perform an audit and express an opinion on the financial statements and the Board of Directors' report based on MOORE STEPHENS REWINET OY AB our audit. The Auditing Act requires that we comply with the principles of professional ethics. We have performed this audit observing good auditing practice in Finland. Good auditing practice requires that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance that the financial statements and the Board of Directors' report are free from material misstatement and that the members of the Board of Directors Jari Paloniemi and the Managing Director are not guilty of an act or negligence that APA may make the company liable for damages or that they have not vio- lated the Limited Liability Companies Act or CSC Articles of Association. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence A list of the ledgers during the fiscal period January 1, 2011– December 31, 2011 about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and the Board of Directors' Report. The procedures selected depend on the Cash book auditor's judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material Journal misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk as- General ledger sessments, the auditor considers internal control significant in pre- Accounts receivable ledger senting a true and adequate picture for the preparation of the financial Accounts payable ledger statements and Board of Directors' Report. By assessing internal con- Invoice ledger trol the auditor can design audit procedures that are appropriate in Purchase invoice ledger the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion Postdated receipts on the effectiveness of the company's internal control. An audit also Salary summary includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used Salary payment receipts and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by manage- Payment receipts ment, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial VAT payment receipts statements and the Board of Directors' Report. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

58 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 59 Statistics Statistics

STATISTICS

University of Vaasa 1 Materials sciences 1 University of Vaasa 1 Savonia Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 Materials sciences 1 Social sciences 24 Savonia Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 Metropolia Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 Social sciences 4 General usage 39 Swedish School of Economics 1 Mikkeli Univ. of Appl. Sci. 4 Environmental sciences 5 Rovaniemi Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 Language research 1 309 Swedish School of Economics 8 Electromagnetics 6 Metropolia Univ. of Appl. Sci. 2 Tampere Univ. of Appl. Sci. 67 Medical sciences 1 972 Mikkeli Univ. of Appl. Sci. 2 General usage 6 Turku Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 203 Electromagnetics 6 847 Tampere Univ. of Appl. Sci. 2 Rovaniemi Univ. of Appl. Sci. 1 459 Medical sciences 7 Engineering 28 861 Turku Univ. of Appl. Sci. 2 University of Lapland 8 898 Economics 8 University of Lapland 3 Computer science 83 817 Finnish Meteorological Institute 28 456 Finnish Meteorological Institute 4 Astrophysics 17 CSC (EGEE) 33 166 Industry 99 560 CSC (EGEE) 7 Statistics 18 CSC (M-grid) 51 537 International Usage 10 Economics 119 423 Industry 110 495 Mathematics 19 CSC (M-grid) 11 Structural analysis 142 586 CSC (Projects) 443 340 Industry 21 Industry 21 University of Tampere 576 755 Environmental sciences 212 457 Lappeenranta Univ. of Appl. Sci. 21 Computer science 22 CSC (DEISA) 743 136 Earth sciences 268 350 University of Tampere 22 Engineering 33 Åbo Akademi 1 059 364 Åbo Akademi 24 Mathematics 401 755 CSC (HPC-Europa2) 1 067 149 Earth sciences 34 CSC (HPC-Europa2) 24 Statistics 605 805 CSC (PRACE) Computational drug design 35 CSC (Grand Challenge) 26 1 415 963 University of Eastern Finland 1 704 862 Structural analysis 37 Comp. fluid dynamics 825 168 CSC (Projects) 42 Tampere University of Tech. 44 University of Turku 1 902 333 Computational fluid dynamics 42 Grid usage 828 026 CSC (PRACE) 49 International Usage 1 907 312 Comp. drug design 1 950 481 Grid usage 95 CSC (DEISA) 53 University of Oulu 4 897 097 Chemistry 124 Biosciences 6 345 298 University of Oulu 63 Lappeenranta Univ. of Tech. 5 417 808 Language research 141 Astrophysics 7 001 053 University of Eastern Finland 65 Tampere Univ. of Tech. 7 465 128 University of Turku 74 University of Jyväskylä 11 438 928 Nanoscience 146 Chemistry 8 115 421 University of Jyväskylä 93 CSC (Grand Challenge) 13 690 052 Physics Physics 33 858 140 227 Aalto University 221 Aalto University 19 910 410 Biosciences 338 Nanoscience 36 815 426 University of Helsinki 497 University of Helsinki 23 836 886

Users of computing resources by discipline. Usage of prosessor time by discipline. Users of computing servers by organization in year 2011. Usage of prosessor time by organization in year 2011. 1386Users users of in computing total year 2011. resources by disciplineUsage 2011Total ofusage processor 97 711 819 cputime hours by indiscipline year 2011. 2011 Tietokoneresurssien käyttäjät organisaatioittain 2011 Usage of processor time by organization 2011

Processor time usage of major disciplines Number of loading visits to PaITuli geographic information service in 2009–2011 on CSC's computing servers 2007–2011 100 000 000 Count

90 000 000 2500 80 000 000 1 926 70 000 000 2000 60 000 000 50 000 000 1500 40 000 000 30 000 000 Normalized processor hours 20 000 000 1000 10 000 000 0 500 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Nanoscience Physics Chemistry Astrophysics 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Biosciences Grid usage Other academic usage 2009 2010 2011

Processor time usage of major disciplines on CSC's computing servers 2007–2011. The PaITuli service was opened to customers in April 2009. The picture shows the numbers of downloading visits to the PaITuli geospatial data service over 2009-2011. In 2011 the service had a total of 1,575 customers.

60 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 61 Statistics

Logins and batch jobs at CSC's servers 2006–2011 Count 500 000

450 000

400 000

350 000

300 000

250 000

200 000

150 000

100 000

50 000

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Logins and batch jobs at CSC's servers 2006–2011.

Monthly logins to Haka services 2007–2011 Count (total 9,4 million logins in 2011) 1 400 000 1 257 596 1 200 000

1 000 000

800 000

600 000

400 000

200 000 annual report 2011

0 Editors: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Kirsi Hepolehto 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Eeva Vierros Logins to HakaDivision services 2007–2011of computing (total 9.4 million time logins between in 2011). Statistics of CSC: CSC's computing servers 2011 Sirpa Kotila layout: Cpu hours Up-to-Point Oy Translations:

Hippu 201 158 Pirkko Huuskonen Print: Murska 11 976 594 Tammerprint Ltd. Photographs (portraits): Vuori 15 336 610 Eeva Vierros (unless marked otherwise) Louhi 68 138 849

Division of computing time between CSC's computing servers 2011.

441 878 Printed matter 62 CSC ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Life Science Center Keilaranta 14, P.O. BOX 405 CSC – IT CENTER FOR SCIENCE LTD. FI – 02101 Espoo, FINLAND