Gods and Fighting Men
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Irish Children's Literature and the Poetics of Memory, 1892-2016
Irish Children’s Literature and the Poetics of Memory, 1892-2016 A Thesis submitted to the School of English at the University of Dublin, Trinity College, for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. February 2019 Rebecca Ann Long I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the Library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. _________________________________ Rebecca Long February 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………………..i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………....iii INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………....4 CHAPTER ONE: RETRIEVING……………………………………………………………………………29 CHAPTER TWO: RE- TELLING……………………………………………………………………………...…64 CHAPTER THREE: REMEMBERING……………………………………………………………………....106 CHAPTER FOUR: RE- IMAGINING………………………………………………………………………........158 CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..……..210 WORKS CITED………………………….…………………………………………………….....226 Summary This thesis explores the recurring patterns of Irish mythological narratives that influence literature produced for children in Ireland following the Celtic Revival and into the twenty- first century. A selection of children’s books published between 1892 and 2016 are discussed with the aim of demonstrating the development of a pattern of retrieving, re-telling, remembering and re-imagining myths -
Chapter Four Celtic Spirituality
CHAPTER FOUR CELTIC SPIRITUALITY 4.1 Introduction The rediscovery of Celtic spirituality, particularly Celtic prayers and liturgical forms, has led to a popular movement, inter alia, among Anglicans around the world, including those in South Africa. Celtic spirituality has an attraction for both Christian and non-Christian, and often the less formal services are easier for secularized people, who have not been raised in a Christian environment, to accept. A number of alternative Christian communities wit h an accent on recovering Celtic spirituality have been established in recent years in the United Kingdom and in other parts of the world. The Northumbria Community, formed in 1976 (Raine & Skinner 1994: 440) is described as follows: The Community is clearly Christian, but with members from all kinds of Christian tradition, and some with no recognisable church background at all. We are married and single: some are unemployed, most are in secular jobs, some in full-time service which is specifically Christian, others are at home looking after families….Some of the most loyal friends of the Community are not yet committed Christians, but they are encouraged to participate as fully as they feel they can in our life. The Northumbria Community is one of several newly established communities with clear links to Celtic Spirituality. The near-universal appeal and flexibility reflected in the quotation above, is a feature of Celtic spirituality. For many in secularized Europe, the institutional church has lost its meaning, and traditional Christian symbols have no significance. Some of these people are now re-discovering Christianity through the vehicle of Celtic spirituality. -
Diplomarbeit
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „Irish Folklore and Mythology in Irish Young Adult Fantasy Literature: Kate Thompson’s The New Policeman, and O.R. Melling’s The Hunter’s Moon.“ Verfasserin Monika Kraigher angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag.phil.) Wien, im Januar 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 343 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Anglistik und Amerikanistik Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Franz Wöhrer To my grandmother, for her love, guidance and support... I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Wöhrer for his exceptional guidance and patience. Thank you to my mother who has supported and motivated me unconditionally during my studies and in my everyday life. Finally, I would like to thank my friends and colleagues, notably the “gang“ from the Australian literature room, who were a great mental support during the work on this diploma thesis. DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICITY I confirm to have conceived and written this Diploma Thesis in English all by myself: Quotations from other authors are all clearly marked and acknowledged in the bibliographical references, either in the footnotes or within the text. Any ideas borrowed and/or passages paraphrased from the works of other authors are truthfully acknowledged and identified in the footnotes. Table of contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 2. Irish Children’s and Young Adult Literature ........................................................ -
Nostalgia and the Irish Fairy Landscape
The land of heart’s desire: Nostalgia and the Irish fairy landscape Hannah Claire Irwin BA (Media and Cultural Studies), B. Media (Hons 1) Macquarie University This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Media and Cultural Studies. Faculty of Arts, Department of Media, Music, Communication and Cultural Studies, Macquarie University, Sydney August 2017 2 Table of Contents Figures Index 6 Abstract 7 Author Declaration 8 Acknowledgments 9 Introduction: Out of this dull world 1.1 Introduction 11 1.2 The research problem and current research 12 1.3 The current field 13 1.4 Objective and methodology 14 1.5 Defining major terms 15 1.6 Structure of research 17 Chapter One - Literature Review: Hungry thirsty roots 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 Early collections (pre-1880) 21 2.3 The Irish Literary Revival (1880-1920) 24 2.4 Movement from ethnography to analysis (1920-1990) 31 2.5 The ‘new fairylore’ (post-1990) 33 2.6 Conclusion 37 Chapter Two - Theory: In a place apart 3.1 Introduction 38 3.2 Nostalgia 39 3.3 The Irish fairy landscape 43 3 3.4 Space and place 49 3.5 Power 54 3.6 Conclusion 58 Chapter Three - Nationalism: Green jacket, red cap 4.1 Introduction 59 4.2 Nationalism and the power of place 60 4.3 The wearing of the green: Evoking nostalgia for Éire 63 4.4 The National Leprechaun Museum 67 4.5 The Last Leprechauns of Ireland 74 4.6 Critique 81 4.7 Conclusion 89 Chapter Four - Heritage: Up the airy mountain 5.1 Introduction 93 5.2 Heritage and the conservation of place 94 5.3 Discovering Ireland the ‘timeless’: Heritage -
CELTIC MYTHOLOGY Ii
i CELTIC MYTHOLOGY ii OTHER TITLES BY PHILIP FREEMAN The World of Saint Patrick iii ✦ CELTIC MYTHOLOGY Tales of Gods, Goddesses, and Heroes PHILIP FREEMAN 1 iv 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Philip Freeman 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress ISBN 978–0–19–046047–1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America v CONTENTS Introduction: Who Were the Celts? ix Pronunciation Guide xvii 1. The Earliest Celtic Gods 1 2. The Book of Invasions 14 3. The Wooing of Étaín 29 4. Cú Chulainn and the Táin Bó Cuailnge 46 The Discovery of the Táin 47 The Conception of Conchobar 48 The Curse of Macha 50 The Exile of the Sons of Uisliu 52 The Birth of Cú Chulainn 57 The Boyhood Deeds of Cú Chulainn 61 The Wooing of Emer 71 The Death of Aife’s Only Son 75 The Táin Begins 77 Single Combat 82 Cú Chulainn and Ferdia 86 The Final Battle 89 vi vi | Contents 5. -
Fionn: Defence of Ráth Bládhma
Fionn: Defence of Ráth Bládhma Also by Brian O‟Sullivan The Beara Trilogy: Beara: Dark Legends Beara: The Cry of the Banshee (forthcoming) The Fionn mac Cumhal Series: Defence of Ráth Bládhma Short Story Collections The Irish Muse and Other Stories Fionn: Defence of Ráth Bládhma The Fionn mac Cumhal Series - Book One BRIAN O’SULLIVAN IrishImbas Books Copyright © 2013 by Brian O’Sullivan All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced electronically or in print without written permission, except in the case of brief quotation embedded in the review. This is a work of fiction. Names, characters and incidents are products of the author‟s imagination or are used fictitiously and are not to be construed as real. Any resemblance to actual events, organizations or persons, living of dead, is entirely coincidental. ISBN: 978-0-9922545-7-5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks to Marie Elder and Susan Hutchinson-Daniel and to Marija Vilotijevic (cover image designer) Credit and thanks also to Chiaki and Nasrin (Chirinstock) for permission to use their image for the cover design. Many ancient Fenian Cycle texts were essential for the completion of this work. These included Macgnímartha Finn (The Boyhood Deeds of Fionn), Acallam na Senórach (The Colloquy of the Ancients), Tóraigheacht Dhiarmada agus Ghráinne (The Pursuit of Diarmuid and Gráinne) Aided Finn meic Chumail (The Death of Finn Mac Cumaill) and many more. Foreword: This book and its characters are based on oral and written narratives from the Fenian Cycle and in particular from the Macgnímartha Finn (The Boyhood Deeds of Fionn). -
Transactions of the Ossianic Society
m:U;^- ^^ms-jt CÍAmM'i4L I. t.5 f^^ : TRANSACTIONS THE OSSIANIC SOCIETY, FOR THE YEAR 1853. VOL. I. BATTLE OF GABHRA. DUBLIN PRINTED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COUNCIL, FOR THE USK OF THE M KM BKRS. 1854. : BATTLE OF GABHRA: GARRISTOWN IN THE COUNTY OF DUBLIN, FOUGHT A.D. 283. FOE THE FIRST TIME EDITED, FROM AN ORIGINAL IRISH MANUSCRIPT, WITH INTRODDCTION, LITERAl. TRANSLATION, AND NOTES, BY NICHOLAS O'KEARNEY. DUBLIN PRINTED FOR THE OSSIANIC SOCIETY, By JOHN O'DALY, 9, ANGLESEY-STREET. 1853. PUBLICATIONS OF THIS SOCIETY ARE NOT SOLD ; TO MEMBERS. — ; REPORT. On the l"th day of March, 1853, a few individuals, interested in the pre- servation and j)ublication_ofjrish Manuscripts, met at No. 9, Anglesey-street, for the express purpose of forming a Society whose object should be the pub- lication of Fenian poems, tales, and romances, illustrative of the Fenian period of Irish histqrxj_in the Irish language and character, with literal transla- subsequent tionsand notes explanatory of the text, whenpracticable : and at a meeting, held on the 9th of May following, the Society was formed, and named the OssiANic Society, the Council to consist entirely of Irish Scholars ; when the following gentlemen were duly elected as the first Council of the Society, and the undermentioned Fenian Tracts were determined on as its first publi- cations : COUNCIL. Rev. John Clarke, R.C.C., Louth ; Euseby D. Cleaver, Esq., A.B., Del- gany; Professor Connellan, Cork; Rev. James Goodman, A.B., Skibbereen : William Hackett, Esq., ilidleton ; Rev. Patrick Lamb, P.P., Newtownhamil- ton: Professor Mac^eeny, Thurles ; Mr. -
A MAD GOD's DREAM by Donald Smith
1 A MAD GOD’S DREAM By Donald Smith Late afternoon in Edinburgh, the streets ablaze with July sunshine. It was impossible to go straight from a chill rehearsal studio to the shades of Haymarket Station, so Ciaran turned upwards round the Castle Rock. From Johnston Terrace he climbed the precipitous stairs to Castlehill and was rewarded by a panorama of the city undulating towards the Pentland Hills. What had Hugh MacDiarmid called this town - ‘a mad god’s dream’. If so the god had been drunk on nectar, on sun-drenched pleasures, on golden IPA. There was something lofty in Ciaran’s perspective. I’d better descend, he thought, before I’m tumbled. He started down the Royal Mile, sweat runnelling over his brow. This route reminded him of the day, less than a year before when he, Peter, and Madge Drummond, had met at the Scottish Storytelling Centre. Nothing had felt the same since; urged on by Madge, Peter - the Royal Lyceum Theatre’s Director - had upgraded Ciaran’s project to a full company production. Later came the mind-blowing news that it was intended for the Edinburgh International Festival - mainstage! Was that only ten months ago? For the young writer it was a revolution comparable in its effect to Joyce’s Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man or MacDiarmid’s Drunk Man Looks at a Thistle’. Which said something about Ireland and Scotland, though exactly what eluded Ciaran at that euphoric moment. This young artist had a full-scale production before he even had a fully written script. -
Dieux Celtes Pour Les Assimiler Et Cette Assimilation Nous Est Parvenue
MAJ 26/06/2002 Imprimé le jj/12/a LES DIEUX, LA MYTHOLOGIE ET LA RELIGION CELTE (celte, gaulois, irlandais, gallois) Sommaire Mythologie celte________________________ 6 Andarta (gaule) ________________________9 Introduction ____________________________ 6 Andrasta (gaule)________________________9 L'Origine de la mythologie Celte ___________ 6 Andraste (breto-celte)___________________10 Transmission des mythes__________________ 6 Anextiomarus (breto-celte) ______________10 Textes mythologiques Irlandais ________________6 Angus (irlande) _______________________10 Abandinus (romano-celte)________________ 7 Angus of the brugh (irlande)_____________10 Abarta (irlande) ________________________ 7 Annwn (galles) ________________________10 Abelio (gaule)__________________________ 7 Anu (irlande) _________________________10 Abnoba (romano-celte) __________________ 7 Aobh (irlande) ________________________10 Adraste (breto-celte)_____________________ 7 Aoi Mac Ollamain (irlande) _____________10 Adsullata (celte) ________________________ 8 Aoibhell (irlande) ______________________10 Aed (irlande) __________________________ 8 Aonghus (irlande) _____________________10 Aenghus (irlande) ______________________ 8 Aranrhod (galles) ______________________10 Aengus (irlande) _______________________ 8 Arawn (galles) ________________________10 Aericura (romano-celte) _________________ 8 Arduinna (gaule) ______________________10 Aes Sidhe (irlande)______________________ 8 Arianrhod (galles) _____________________10 Afagddu (galles)________________________ 8 Arnemetia -
Encyclopedia of CELTIC MYTHOLOGY and FOLKLORE
the encyclopedia of CELTIC MYTHOLOGY AND FOLKLORE Patricia Monaghan The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore Copyright © 2004 by Patricia Monaghan All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Monaghan, Patricia. The encyclopedia of Celtic mythology and folklore / Patricia Monaghan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-4524-0 (alk. paper) 1. Mythology, Celtic—Encyclopedias. 2. Celts—Folklore—Encyclopedias. 3. Legends—Europe—Encyclopedias. I. Title. BL900.M66 2003 299'.16—dc21 2003044944 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Text design by Erika K. Arroyo Cover design by Cathy Rincon Printed in the United States of America VB Hermitage 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS 6 INTRODUCTION iv A TO Z ENTRIES 1 BIBLIOGRAPHY 479 INDEX 486 INTRODUCTION 6 Who Were the Celts? tribal names, used by other Europeans as a The terms Celt and Celtic seem familiar today— generic term for the whole people. -
IRISH FAIRY TALES MACMILLAN and CO., Limited
0>^ 30«t IRISH FAIRY TALES MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited LONDON • BOMBAY • CALCUTTA • MADRAS MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK • BOSTON • CHICAGO DALLAS • SAN FRANCISCO THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd. TORONTO night-fall he was surrounded hy In a forked glen into which he slipped at giant toads (page 250). Frontispiece. COPYRIGHT TO SEUMAS AND IRIS AND TO HELEN FRASER CONTENTS The Story of Tuan mac Cairill I The Boyhood of Fionn 33 The Birth of Bran 91 Oisin's Mother 109 The Wooing of Becfola . 133 The Little Brawl at Allen The Carl of the Drab Coat 173 The Enchanted Cave of Cesh Corran 201 Becuma of the White Skin 219 Mongan's Frenzy . 257 ILLUSTRATIONS IN COLOUR FACE PAGE In a forked glen into which he slipped at night-fall he was surrounded by giant toads (page 250) ..... Frontispiece "Wild and shy and monstrous creatures ranged in her plains and forests " . 12 " My life became a ceaseless scurry and wound and escape, a burden and anguish of watchfulness " . , . .28 He might think, as he stared on a staring horse, " a boy cannot wag his tail to keep the flies oiF" . .40 How he strained and panted to catch on that pursuing person and pursue her and get his own switch into action . .46 A man who did not like dogs. In fact, he hated them. When he saw one he used to go black in the face, and he threw rocks at it until it got out of sight ........ 94 Then they went hand in hand in the country that smells of apple-blossom and honey ....... -
The World of Irish Imbas So, Er
Was Fionn mac Cumhaill a real person? Where are the key Irish sites of access to the Otherworld? Where was the Salmon of Knowledge located? Did Saint Patrick really convert the Irish? How true is the legend of the Children of Lir? Welcome to the world of Irish Imbas These are the kind of questions we encounter and contemplate on an everyday basis. It’s something of a rare and abstract approach but it’s one we really can’t imagine doing any other way. We produce stories based on ancient concepts and genuine elements of Irish mythology and folklore. We also make this information accessible in a way that’s exciting and entertaining but which also respects its cultural origins. In that regard, we’re more “Gaelic fiction” than “Celtic Fantasy”, more ‘Irish’ than ‘Oirish.’ So, er … Why? We have three main motivations for doing what we do. First, we love telling stories. It’s what we enjoy most and what we think we do best. Secondly, from a personal perspective, we‘re completely and utterly passionate about Irish/Gaelic culture and language – both ancient and contemporary (we could quite happily spend the rest of our lives browsing through arcane, dust-covered books on Irish/Gaelic culture and improving our Gaeilge!) Thirdly, there’s an appalling amount of misinformation about Irish and Gaelic culture out there. We’re hoping to rectify that through our products and the work we do. What does ‘Imbas’ mean? Imbas’ is a very old Celtic word meaning ‘knowledge’. Unlike the modern Irish equivalent (eolas), the word ‘imbas’ has always had the connotation of ‘restricted knowledge’.