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Copyrighted Material 39_570404 bindex.qxp 11/3/05 12:10 AM Page 391 Index Antarctica, 289 •A • anti-clericalism, 156 anti-papalism, 156 Abbey Theatre, 305–306 Aoife (wife of Strongbow), 90, 97 Abominable Snowman (mythic creature), 374 Aonach Tailteann festival, 83, 330–331 accuracy, historical, 1, 2 apparition, 262, 382 Act of Supremacy (1534), 152 Apprentice Boys parade, 345, 381 Act of Union (1800), 225–230, 250–252 archaeology Adams, Gerry (Sinn Fein leader), 350, 355 burial mounds, 25 advanced nationalist. See also nationalism hunting-gathering people, 22 Easter rebellion, 318–320 Roman Empire, 37 First World War, 318 time before Irish kings, 38 funding sources, 315 Archbishop of Canterbury, 93 types, 314–315 architecture, 215, 228–229 Agricola (Roman leader), 36 Armagh church agriculture Boru’s attack on Ulster, 73–74 eighteenth century innovations, 214, 219 early king–Church connection, 59 Great Famine problems, 257–264 growth, 85 importance of land ownership, 16 Armagh county, 185, 187 nineteenth century problems, 235–237, 239 Army Comrades Association, 337 nineteenth century reforms, 273 art, 302–303, 307–310 plantation system, 183–188 Arthurian legend, 42 Stone Age developments, 23–24 artificial island, 32 Aillen (fairy), 40–41 Asquith (Liberal leader), 292–293 Ainchenn, Eochaid (Leinster King), 39 Aston, Arthur (royalist leader), 203 alcohol. See also specific types Australia, 254, 270–271 Irish Rebellion of 1641, 197 James I’s rule, 182 America •B • exiled reformers, 254, 256 famine memorial, 261 Barrington, George (pickpocket), 388 Gaelic Athletic Association, 301 Battle of Bosworth, 140 Irish presidents, 375 Battle of Pilltown, 132–133 nineteenth century immigration,COPYRIGHTED 237, Battle MATERIALof Stoke Field, 142 265–270 Battle of Tara, 74 reaction to IRA bombings, 354 Battle of the Boyne, 210, 288, 366 revolution, 222 Battle of Towton, 129 St Patrick’s Day holiday, 269 Battle of Wakefield, 129 American Federation of Labour, 267 battles American Trade Union movement, 267 eighth century, 60 American wake, 267 fake heir to throne, 142 Amláib (Olaf the White; Dublin king), 66 Hiberno-Norse versus Brian Boru, 74 Anglicisation process, 297–298 Richard III’s death, 140 animal cruelty, 376 Richard Plantagenet versus Henry VI, Anne of Cleves (wife of Henry VIII), 151 129–130 39_570404 bindex.qxp 11/3/05 12:10 AM Page 392 392 Irish History For Dummies battles (continued) establishment as king, 71 Shane O Neill’s troubles, 168, 169 High King title, 73 technological advances, 142 legend, 70 Ulster rebellion against Elizabeth, 174 military achievements, 71–72 Wars of the Roses, 132–133 overview, 18 Williamite Wars, 209–210 Boston (American city), 261 Beaufort, Francis (inventor), 374–375 boycott, 274–275 Beckett, Samuel (writer), 302 Boycott, Charles (landlord), 274 beer, 216–217, 269 Braveheart (film), 106 Belfast Agreement (peace document), Breffny (province), 76–83 357–358, 368 brehon law, 170 Belfast (city), 228, 289–290 Brí (power), 46 Bellingham, Edward (British leader), 162 brick house, 191 bias, 2 Britain. See England Bible society, 235 British people. See English people Big Bertha (cow), 386 Bronze Age, 25–27 Big Wind (storm), 239 Bua (power), 46 bike tyre, 374 Bunreacht na hÉireann (constitution), bishopric, establishment of, 53 338, 371 Black and Tans (military force), 322 Burgh, Thomas (architect), 215 Black Death (plague), 113 burial mound, 24–25 Black ’47 (famine year), 258–260 Burke, Edmund (philosopher), 216 black rent, 134 Burntollet Bridge, 345 Blair, Tony (British Prime Minister), 356 The Butcher (John Tiptoft; Earl of Blasket Islands, 380 Worcester), 135–136 Blessed Virgin apparition, 262 Butler, Edmund mac Richard (military Bloody Sunday (riot), 347, 381 leader), 133 Blount, Elizabeth (mistress of Henry VIII), 150 Butler family Blueshirts (political group), 337–338 Battle of Pilltown, 132–133 boat travel, 238 Edward Poynings leadership, 144–145 Bodhmall (druid priestess), 40 Geraldine’s authority after Pilltown battle, Boleyn, Anne (wife of Henry VIII), 150–151 133–139 Boleyn, Mary (mistress of Henry VIII), 150 overview, 132 Bolgic people, 28, 29 plot against Henry VII, 141–144 bombings, 349–350, 353 rejection of Richard III, 140–141 Bonaparte, Napoleon (French leader), Butler, James (Earl of Ormond), 128 230, 247 Butler, John (military leader), 132–133 Bonfire Night celebration, 182 Butt, Isaac (party leader), 278 Book of Armagh (illuminated manuscript), 57 Book of Durrow (illuminated manuscript), 56 Book of Kells (illuminated manuscript), •C • 56–57, 65, 369 cabbage patch revolution, 255–256 booleying, 23 Cain (son of Mael Muad), 71 Boru, Brian (Irish king) Caine, Michael (actor), 216 attack on Ulster, 73–74 Cairenn (Niall Noigíallach’s mother), 41 challenges to throne, 73, 74 Canada, 237, 266 childhood, 71 cannibalism, 113 clash with Mael Sechnaill, 71–73 Carew, George (British leader), 176 death, 74 Caribbean islands, 205 39_570404 bindex.qxp 11/3/05 12:10 AM Page 393 Index 393 Carson, Edward (unionist leader), 315 ceasefire, 355 cartographer, 185 Celtic people Cassels, Richard (architect), 215 arrival in Ireland, 27–30 castle building, 125 overview, 12 castle clergy, 246 Roman invasion, 33 Catherine of Aragon (wife of Henry VIII), types, 27 150–151 Cenn Cruaich (stone idol), 53 Catholic Association, 243, 247–251 Central Protestant Defence Association, Catholic Church 286–287 Act of Union, 226–227, 250–252 Chambers, William (architect), 215 Charles I’s rule, 189–193 Charles I (British king) Charles II’s rule, 207 appeasement of Old English, 189–190 civil rights movement, 344, 347 death, 202 connection to Irish kings, 59 Irish Rebellion of 1641, 196–202 Cromwell’s campaign, 204–206 overview, 179 divorce, 149–152 Thomas Wentworth’s leadership, 190–192 emancipation movement, 245–249 Charles II (British king), 206–207 Emmet’s rebellion, 230–234 Chartist movement, 272 evangelical mission, 234–235 Chicago (American city), 270 excommunication of Henry VIII, 152 Chichester, Arthur (British leader), 185, 186 Henry Sidney’s reforms, 170–171 cholera, 260 Irish Rebellion of 1641, 196–202 Christianity (religion) James I’s rule, 180, 181–183 effect on government, 60 James II’s rule, 207–210 importance, 365 legislative independence, 221 influence of monasteries, 55–56 nineteenth century loyalties, 233–234 St Patrick’s importance, 53–54 Northern Ireland after partition, 326–327 church problems in Australia, 270 Cromwell’s campaign, 205 Reformation, 152–157, 162–167 Gerald fitz Maurice’s leadership, 140 secret societies, 234 king–Church connection, 59 1798 rebellion, 222–224 looting by Vikings, 65 social classes, 247–248 St Patrick’s accomplishments, 53 support of immigrants, 268, 273 Church of England, 86, 156 tithe system, 242–243 Churchill, Winston (British Prime Minister), tricolour flag, 255 341 unionist views, 287–290 Cille, Colum (monk), 57–58 Catholicism (religion) civil rights movement, 348 effect on government, 60 cause, 34 importance, 16 marches, 345, 347 influence of Henry II, 96–99 people’s demands, 344–345 influence of monasteries, 55–56 violence, 345–351 number of followers, 20 Claen, Congal (disposed prince), 60 shift of power to Vatican, 85–87 Clarke, Harry (artist), 309 St Patrick’s importance, 53–54 Clinton, Bill (U.S. president), 354, 356 cattle Clonard monastery, 55 de Valera’s leadership, 336–337 Clonfert monastery, 55 Eochaid’s tribute to Tuathal, 39 Clonmacnois monastery, 55 Stone Age settlers, 23 Clonmel (town), 204 Cavan county, 185, 187 Cobh (city), 379 39_570404 bindex.qxp 11/3/05 12:10 AM Page 394 394 Irish History For Dummies coffee, 373 crop rotation, 219 Coffey, Aeneas (inventor), 215 Cultural Revival (social movement) Collins, Michael (IRB leader), 321–322, 324 effects, 310–311 Columbanus (monk), 59 fairies, 303–304 common law, 116, 170 importance, 367 confederation, 201, 202, 204 leading preservation organisations, 299–302 confession, 156 overview, 5, 298 Confession of St Patrick (St Patrick), 369 promotion of arts, 302–310 Connacht (province) rationale, 299 High King rivals after Boru, 76–83 culture origin, 29 Anglicisation process, 297–298 plantation system, 188 counter-Reformation, 164–165 Connachta people, 31 Earl of Desmond’s leadership, 134–135 conscription, 318, 320 English assimilation, 115–116 constitution, 329, 338–339 Gerald fitz Maurice’s leadership, 139–140 convert roll, 219 influence of Henry II, 96–99 Coote, Charles (British leader), 198 Irish rationale for English ways, 174 copper, 26 Irish Rebellion of 1641, 196 Corrigan, Dominic (doctor), 257 overview, 18 Corrigan, Mairead (Nobel Prize winner), 358 parliament’s first laws, 102 corruption, 221, 268 preference for old ways, 168 Cosgrave, W.T. (party leader), 329 Reformation enforcement, 157 cotton, 214 Statutes of Kilkenny, 116 Council in Ireland (government body), 251 Stone Age, 23–24 Council of Cashel (Church committee), 86 surrender and re-grant scheme, 158–159 counter-Reformation (social movement), Viking assimilation, 66–67, 69–70 163–165 Cumann na mBan (nationalist organisation), Court Tombs (burial mounds), 25 315 Craig, James (unionist leader), 315 Cumann na nGaedhal (government party), Cramner, Thomas (Archbishop of 328–329, 333–335 Canterbury), 151 Cumhail, Fionn mac (Irish king), 40–41 crannog, 32 currency, 20, 330 Crean, Tom (explorer), 289 Cusack, Michael (Gaelic Athletic Association cricket, 300 founder), 301 crime exiled criminals in Australia, 270 nineteenth century problems, 242 •D • Richard Plantagenet’s army, 127 Dail Eireann (Free State parliament), 324, 326 Statutes of Kilkenny, 118 dairy industry, 23 Croagh
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