Quotations about hate:

a. “Hate is a bottomless cup, I will pour and pour,” Euripedes, Medea b. “In time we hate that which we often fear,” William Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra c. “[E]njoying and hating the right thing seem the most important factors in virtue of character,” Aristotle, Nichomaceacan Ethics d. “To die hating them, that was freedom,” George Orwell, 1984 e. “Allow enemies their space to hate; they will destroy themselves in the process,” Lisa Du f. “Let’s not hate the existence of hatred,” Toba Beta, Betelgeuse Incident g. “Hate is the father of all evil,” David Gemmel, Fall of Kings h. “Hate is a faith,” Jean-Paul Sartre, Antisemite and Jew i. “Hatred is the coward’s revenge for being intimidated,” George Bernard Shaw. j. “You can safely assume you’ve created God in your own image when it turns out that God hates all the same people you do,” Ann Lamott k. “Unanimous hatred is the greatest medicine for a human community,” Aeschlus, Eumenides l. “Anger is always concerned with individuals, ... whereas hatred is directed also against classes: we all hate any thief and any informer. Moreover, anger can be cured by time; but hatred cannot. The one aims at giving pain to its object, the other at doing him harm; the angry man wants his victim to feel; the hater does not mind whether they feel or not.” Aristotle

Hate Studies is defined as “Inquiries into the human capacity to define, and then dehumanize or demonize, an ‘other,’ and the processes which inform or give expression to, or can curtail, control, or combat, that capacity.”

Some articles about hate to consider, divided by field and then by topic.

Hate Studies as a field:

Kenneth Stern (2003/2004), The Need for an Interdisciplinary Field of Hate Studies, Journal of Hate Studies 3 (1) 7-35 https://jhs.press.gonzaga.edu/articles/abstract/10.33972/jhs.18/

Anthropology

Shane L. Greene, “On misanthropology (art, punk, species-hate) to Between Matter and Method: Encounters” in Anthropology and Art, ed. Gretchen Bakke and Marina Peterson (London, UK: Bloomsbury, 2018), 35-50. https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Greene_Misanthropology-2.pdf

Don Kalb, "Conversations with a Polish Populist: Tracing Hidden Histories of Globalization, Class and Dispossession in Postsocialism (and beyond)," American Ethnologist 36, no. 2 (May 2009): 207-223 https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Conversations-with-a-Polish-Populist.pdf

Yuko Otake, "Suffering of Silenced People in Northern Rwanda," Social Science and Medicine 222 (February 2019) 171-179 https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Suffering-of-silenced-people- in-northern-Rwanda-1.pdf

Evolutionary Psychology

James Waller (2003/2004), Our Ancestral Shadow: Hate and Human Nature in Evolutionary Psychology 121-132 https://jhs.press.gonzaga.edu/articles/abstract/10.33972/jhs.25/

Philosophy and Emotions

Thomas Brudholm, "Hatred as an Attitude," Philosophical Papers 39 (November 30, 2010) 289- 313. https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Hatredasanattitude.pdf

Agneta Fischer et al., "Why We Hate," Emotion Review 10, no. 4 (October 2018): 309-320. https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Why-We-Hate.pdf

Thomas Brudholm and Birgitte Schepelern Johansen, “Pondering Hatred” in Emotions and Mass Atrocity: Philosophical and Theoretical Explorations, ed. Thomas Brudholm and Johannes Lang (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2018) (in two parts): https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Pondering-Hatred-Chapter-part-one.pdf and https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Pondering-Hatred-Chapter-part-two.pdf

Katherine Aumer-Ryan, "Design of Everyday Hate: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis," Interpersona 1, no. 2 (2007) 143-172 https://interpersona.psychopen.eu/article/view/11/pdf

Walter Kaufmann, Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre 274-287 https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/08/Kaufmann.pdf

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Neuroscience

Richard Friedman, “The Neurosciene of Hate Speech,” NY Times, October 31, 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/31/opinion/caravan-hate-speech-bowers-sayoc.html (speaking on campus September 26, 2018)

Semir Zeki and John Paul Romaya, "Neural Correlates of Hate," PLoS ONE 3, no. 10 (October 2008): 1-8. https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Zeik-Romaya-Neural-Correlates-of-hate.pdf

Fareed Zakaria, GPS, "Prof. Robert Sapolsky's GPS interview in full," CNN, with Robert Sapolsky, https://www.cnn.com/videos/tv/2019/03/11/exp-gps-0310-robert-sapolsky-interview- in-full.cnn.

Sentis, "Emotions and the Brain," https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNY0AAUtH3g.

Social Psychology

Alvin Pousssaint, "They Hate. They Kill. Are They Insane?," New York Times, August 26, 1999, http://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/26/opinion/they-hate-they-kill-are-they-insane.html and Emily Eakin, "Bigotry as Mental Illness or Just Another Norm," New York Times, January 15, 2000, http://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/15/arts/bigotry-as-mental-illness-or-just-another- norm.html?ref=alvinfpoussaint

Evan Harrington, "The Social Psychology of Hatred," Journal of Hate Studies 3, no. 1 (2004): 49-82 https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Harrington-Social-Psychology-of-Hate-1.pdf BUT SEE: Brian Resnick, "The Stanford Prison Experiment Was Massively Influential. We Just Learned It Was a Fraud.," vox.com, last modified June 13, 2018, accessed June 9, 2019, https://www.vox.com/2018/6/13/17449118/stanford-prison-experiment-fraud-psychology- replication and David Shariatmadari, "A Real-life Lord of the Flies: The Troubling Legacy of the Robbers Cave Experiment," Guardian, April 16, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/science/2018/apr/16/a-real-life-lord-of-the-flies-the-troubling- legacy-of-the-robbers-cave-experiment.

Marilynn B. Brewer, "The Psychology of Prejudice: Ingroup Love or Outgroup Hate?," Journal of Social Issues 55, no. 3 (1999) https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Brewer-ingroup-love-or- outgroup-hate.pdf.

Mina Cikara, Emile G. Bruneau, and Rebbecca R. Saxe, "Us and Them: Intergroup Failures of Empathy," Association for Psychological Science 20, no. 3 (2011) 149-153 http://static1.squarespace.com/static/54238bf2e4b068090a9b54bb/t/54342509e4b037aa100d897 5/1412703497569/Cikara+et+al.%252C+2011+-+CDPS.pdf?_sm_au_=iVVVPnpjp6sDNq7H

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Moral Psychology

Steven Pinker, "The Moral Instinct," New York Times, January 13, 2008, http://www.uky.edu/AS/PoliSci/Peffley/pdf/PINKER%2008%20The%20Moral%20Instinct%20- %20New%20York%20Times.pdf

Rabbi Irwin Kula, "Homosexuality Redux: Can We Hear Each Other?," HuffPost.com, last modified May 25, 2011, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/homosexuality-redux-can-w_b_578137

David Leonhardt and Alicia Parlapiano, "Why Gun Control and Abortion Are Different from Gay Marriage," New York Times, June 30, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/30/upshot/why-gun-control-and-abortion-are-different-from- gay-marriage.html.

Psychoanalysis

Paola Mieli, Figures of Space: Subject, Body, Place. Jacques Houis, trans. (Agincourt Press: New York, 2017) https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/07/Mieli-Figures-of-Space-2.pdf

Sigmund Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, Chapter 5 (pp. 64-74), The Standard Edition (Norton) https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/07/Freud-Civilization-Ch.5-2.pdf

Sigmund Freud, Thoughts for the Times on War and Death (1915) http://www.columbia.edu/cu/arts/vad/critical_issues_on_art/thoughts_war_and_death.pdf

Jacques Lacan, “The Mirror Stage as Formative of the I function” (2006) (Écrits, pp. 75-81) https://www.sas.upenn.edu/~cavitch/pdf-library/Lacan%20Mirror%20Stage.pdf

Religion

Linda Woolf and Michael Hulsizer, “Intra- and Inter-Religious Hate and Violence: A Psychosocial Model,” Journal of Hate Studies. http://kennethsstern.com/wp- content/uploads/2018/09/woolf-religious-hate.pdf

Steven Leonard Jacobs, "Genocidal Religion," Journal of Hate Studies 9, no. 1 (2011): https://jhs.press.gonzaga.edu/articles/abstract/10.33972/jhs.85/

4 John Pawlikowski, "Religion as Hatred: Antisemitism as a Case Study," Journal of Hate Studies 3, no. 1 (2004) https://jhs.press.gonzaga.edu/articles/abstract/10.33972/jhs.19/ Rene Girard, “Mimesis, Sacrifice and the Bible: A Conversation with Sandor Goodhart” in Ann W. Asteli and Sandor Goodhart, Editors, “Sacrifice, Scripture and Substitution,” Christianity and Judaism in Antiquity Series vol. 18, Notre Dame Press.

Hate and Symbols

F. C. Bartlett, "The Social Function of Symbols," Astralasian Journal of Psychology and Philosophy 3 (1925): http://www.bartlett.psychol.cam.ac.uk/TheSocialFunction.htm

Myside Bias and Hostile Media Phenomenon

Keith E. Stanovich, Richard F. West, and Maggie E. Toplak, "Myside Bias, Rational Thinking, and Intelligence," Association for Psychological Science 22, no. 4 (2013): http://keithstanovich.com/Site/Research_on_Reasoning_files/Stanovich_CDPS_2013.pdf . Robert P. Vallone, Lee Ross, and Mark R. Lepper, "The Hostile Media Phenomenon: Biased Perception and Perceptions of Media Bias in Coverage of Beirut Massacre," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 49, no. 3 (1985): 577-585], https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~jpiliavi/965/hwang.pdf.

Hate and Sacredness

Ginges, Atran, Medi and Shikaki, “Sacred Bounds on Rational Resolution of Violent Political Conflict,” https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/104/18/7357.full.pdf

Dehghami, Gratch, Sachdeva and Sagae, “Analyzing Conservative and Liberal Blogs Related to Construction of the ‘Ground Zero Mosque,” http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Analyzing%20Conservative%20and%20Liberal%20Blogs%20Related%2 0to%20the%20Construction%20of%20the%20Ground%20Zero%20Mosque.pdf

Sacred Values: Interpersonal Effects of Emotions in Morally-charged negotiations. https://mindmodeling.org/cogsci2012/papers/0262/paper0262.pdf

TM Lurhmann, “Faith vs. Facts,” NY Times, April 19, 2015 https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/opinion/sunday/t-m-luhrmann-faith-vs-facts.html

Hate and Politics

5 James Garland and James Treadwell, “The New Politics of Hate? An Assessment of the Appeal of the English Defense League Among Disadvantaged White Working-Class Communities in England. http://kennethsstern.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Gardland-and-Treadwell-22The- New-Politics-of-Hate22.pdf

Davidson, “The Politics of Hate: Ultranationalist and Fundamentalist Tactics and Goals,” http://kennethsstern.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Davidson-the-Politics-of-Hate.pdf

Hate and Opposing One’s Group

Amy C. Lewis and Steven J. Sherman, "Perceived Entitativity and the Black-Sheep Effect: When Will We Denigrate Negative Ingroup Members?," Journal of Social Psychology 150, no. 2 (2010): 211-225, https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Lewis-Black-Sheep.pdf

Some quotes about traitors: https://www.brainyquote.com/topics/traitors

60 Minutes, "Nasty Girl Still At Work," cbsnews.com, April 3, 2000, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nasty-girl-still-at-work/#1994

Hate and Law

Tim Lynch, "Testimony: The Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007," Cato.org, April 17, 2007, https://www.cato.org/publications/congressional-testimony/hate-crimes-prevention-act-2007.

Alan Travis, "Stephen Lawrence: How His Murder Changed the Legal Landscape," Guardian, April 22, 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/apr/22/stephen-lawrence-murder- changed-legal-landscape.

Michael J. Bazyler, "Holocaust Denial Laws and Other Legislation Criminalizing Promotion of Nazism," genocidepreventionnow.org, last modified 2009, http://www.ihgjlm.com/wp- content/uploads/2016/01/Holocaust-Denial-Laws.pdf

Recent Hate Manifesto; white supremacist hate

Earnest, John. Letter, "An Open Letter," April 27, 2019 https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/Earnest-Manifesto-042719.pdf

CNN Special Report, "The State of Hate: The Explosion of White Supremacy," CNN, June 30, 2019, hosted by Fareed Zakaria, available to subscribers on cnn.go.

Combating Hate

6 Martin Luther King, "Letter from a Birmingham Jail," April 16, 1963, https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Articles_Gen/Letter_Birmingham.html

Kenneth S. Stern, "How to Honor MLK Legacy in Whitefish, Montana," cnn.com, January 13, 2017, https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/13/opinions/kkk-plans-march-on-mlk-day-stern/index.html

Bloomberg Speech on Ground Zero Mosque, August 4, 2010 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQsHc1EHgQY

Eli Saslow, “The White Flight of Derek Black,” Washington Post, October 15, 2016, https://bcsh.bard.edu/files/2019/06/The-white-flight-of-Derek-Black-The-Washington-Post-1.pdf

Timothy Egan, "Teaching Tolerance in Workplaces: A Seattle Program Illustrates Limits," New York Times, October 8, 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/08/us/teaching-tolerance-in- workplaces-a-seattle-program-illustrates-limits.html?pagewanted=all&pagewanted=print

Omar G. Encarnación, “The Case for Gay Reparation,” New York Times, June 14, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/14/opinion/gay-reparation- stonewall.html?searchResultPosition=1

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