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A Guide to the Bedrock Geology and Building Stone of the Dalhousie Campus

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A Guide to the Bedrock Geology and Building Stone of the Dalhousie Campus McNab's Island Point Pleasant Park Purcell's North West Cove Arm a. Life Sciences Centre: Harbour approaches viewed from Milligan Room (8th floor, Earth Sciences) Many buildings on the Studley campus(front) , and the stone d. Nova Scotia - Morocco connection: Halifax from space Goldenville Located in front of the Killam Library, this plaque walls that surround it(below left) , are made ofblack slate of describes the possible Paleozoic link between the Halifax Formation, a Cambrian-Ordovician deep-water Nova Scotia and NW Africa, first proposed by Dr. turbidite succession. South Formation Paul Schenk, former Professor of Earth Sciences. Mountain These slates also form the bedrock underlying the campus Batholith Halifax Formation (details other side) and most of the Halifax Peninsula. Some of Dal Purcell's the stone came from the old Dalhousie (Bluestone) quarry at Cove DAL Purcell's Cove, and some probably also came from the CN railway cut, which was under construction at the same time as some of the older buildings on campus. Many buildings also containquartzite blocks from the Cambrian Goldenville Formation, which underlies the Halifax Formation. Light brown Carboniferoussandstone quarried at Wallace, Nova Scotia, was used for columns and other decorative stonework(front) . Granite blocks used for steps, gateposts, and paving stones came from a second quarry in the hills behind Purcell's Cove. e. Dunn Building: The quarry lies within the Devonian South Mountain Batholith, Oncolites and stylolites add texture to the which intruded the Halifax and Goldenville Formations about polished marble in the foyer and stairwells. 380 million years ago. Heat from the granite caused contact metamorphism of the surrounding rocks (details other side); much of the "slate" on campus is actually cordierite-andalsuite hornfels (left). 10 cm The main foyer is floored by Italian marble containing a guide to the spectacular fossil ammonites(top) and geopetal structures bedrock geology and b. Marion McCain Building: c. Henry Hicks Administration Building: (left). The walls The facing stone contains beautiful examples of Granite paving stones in front of this building feature Roman tufa. building stone of the cross-bedded sandstone. However, geologists (also featured on front) display magma mingling f. Tupper Building: can't help noticing that many blocks were installed structures, formed by incomplete mixing of two The plaza steps and planters include local granite upside down. granitic magmas.(Best viewed on wet days.) and blue-grey anorthosite from Labrador. Dalhousie Campus The Dalhousie campus lies Contact Metamorphism: Intrusion of the Weathering: Rusty stains (3) Geology of Halifax on the south-dipping limb of nearby South Mountain Batholith (visible at the Dingle on and pitted surfaces (4) result from an upright anticline (see map). the other side of the NW Arm) produced a contact aureole oxidation and dissolution of iron Bedding dips moderately to that cuts across the regional folds. slaty o sulphides (pyrite, pyrrhotite). Goldenville Fm the south(left) . Most other T < 450 C bedding cleavage sedimentary structures have under the microscope Biotite (B) 0.25 3 been obscured by the effects in mm 1mm of metamorphism Chlorite (C) and weathering. 0.25 C+M Halifax Fm 1 out mm 1mm "stack" Bedding and Cleavage: chlorite + muscovite Goldenville Fm "stacks" are replaced by cleavage bedding A B+MB +M South under the "stack" biotite + muscovite with Dal microscope increasing temperature Bt Cd Mountain drumlins slaty The upright folds as chlorite disappears, andalusite Cd and cordierite porphyroblasts in cleavage are associated with a steeply become larger and more abundant Batholith dipping slaty cleavage. The T > 500o C cleavage has been variably (see map below) annealed by the contact The biotite-in isograd on the Dalhousie Halifax is underlain by the Cambrian-Ordovician Meguma Group, which campus is defined by the nucleation of biotite in pre- includes the Goldenville Formation(sandstone,slate) and overlying Halifax bedding metamorphism, and is better existing chlorite-muscovite stacks. Andalusite and FormationHalifax(slate, from siltstone) space . During the Devonian Acadian Orogeny, these preserved at the east end of 2 cordierite porphyroblasts are present across campus. rocks were folded and intruded by the 380 Ma South Mountain Batholith. the campus than the west. 4 Pleistocene glaciation was largely responsible for the formation of Halifax Harbour, Citadel Hill, and many other prominent city landmarks. Visit the Earth Sciences department (Life Sciences Centre) COOLER to see the campus through a microscope!!!! Summer Street Coburg Road Minerals Present: School of C+M+P+Q+Cd Chlorite (C) Dunn Howe Hall Management Muscovite (M) treet Building 70 +G+Py+R Kings College e Andalusite N Plagioclase (P) 60 Quartz (Q) C+M+P+Q+Cd+A C+M+P+Q+Cd in Cordierite (Cd) 75 Seismic +A+G+Py+R Health f Andalusite (A) Oxford S +B+G+Py+Ror I hut Professions Tupper 52 Biotite (B) Building NRC Killam 3 Marion Graphite (G) 77 Robie Street Dentistry Marine Library McCain Arts Weldon Pyrite (Py) Chemistry Centre Law Biotechnology Earth 60 Building 2 Building Building Pyrrhotite (Po) Sciences Henry MacDonald d b 74 Building Rutile (R) a Hicks University Avenue Ilmenite (I) Life c 50 Oceanography 70 Computer Sciences Admin University Grad NS bedrock (outcrop) 1 and Earth Building 74 Sciences Sciences Centre Club House Ken Rowe Archives bedrock (buried) Management 65 SUB Building colour indicates minerals present 4 Chlorite (under construction) 57 53 Dal Physical IWK - Grace bedding Shirreff Hall Arena Biotite out Risley Plant Ilmenite Hospitals slaty cleavage M+P+Q+Cd+A+B Hall in building stone features +G+I+Pyor Po in (details on other side) WARMER South Street Department of 0 metres 200 Bedrock Geology of Dalhousie Campus Earth Sciences Prepared by R.A. Jamieson and students.
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