A Companion to Roman Rhetoric
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Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_1_pretoc Final Proof page iii 30.9.2006 5:16pm A COMPANION TO ROMAN RHETORIC Edited by William Dominik and Jon Hall Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_1_pretoc Final Proof page i 30.9.2006 5:16pm A COMPANION TO ROMAN RHETORIC Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_1_pretoc Final Proof page ii 30.9.2006 5:16pm BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. ANCIENT HISTORY LITERATURE AND CULTURE Published Published A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to Classical Tradition Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Edited by Craig W. Kallendorf Robert Morstein-Marx A Companion to Ancient Epic A Companion to the Roman Empire Edited by John Miles Foley Edited by David S. Potter A Companion to Roman Rhetoric A Companion to the Classical Greek World Edited by William Dominik and Jon Hall Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl A Companion to Greek Rhetoric A Companion to the Ancient Near East Edited by Ian Worthington Edited by Daniel C. Snell A Companion to Greek Tragedy A Companion to the Hellenistic World Edited by Justina Gregory Edited by Andrew Erskine A Companion to Latin Literature Edited by Stephen Harrison In preparation In preparation A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Classical Receptions Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Lorna Hardwick A Companion to the Archaic Greek World A Companion to Ancient Political Thought Edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees Edited by Ryan K. Balot A Companion to Julius Caesar A Companion to Classical Studies Edited by Miriam Griffin Edited by Kai Brodersen A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to Classical Mythology Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Ken Dowden and Niall Livingstone A Companion to Late Antiquity A Companion to Greek and Roman Historiography Edited by Philip Rousseau Edited by John Marincola A Companion to Byzantium A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language Edited by Elizabeth James Edited by Egbert Bakker A Companion to Greek Religion Edited by Daniel Ogden A Companion to Hellenistic Literature Edited by Martine Cuypers and James J. Clauss A Companion to Roman Religion Edited by Jo¨rg Ru¨pke A Companion to Ovid Edited by Peter Knox A Companion to Catullus Edited by Marilyn Skinner A Companion to Horace Edited by N. Gregson Davis Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_1_pretoc Final Proof page iii 30.9.2006 5:16pm A COMPANION TO ROMAN RHETORIC Edited by William Dominik and Jon Hall Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_1_pretoc Final Proof page iv 30.9.2006 5:16pm ß 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of William Dominik and Jon Hall to be identified as the Authors of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A companion to Roman rhetoric / edited by William Dominik and Jon Hall. p. cm. — (Blackwell companions to the ancient world. Ancient history) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-2091-3 (hardback : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-4051-2091-6 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Rhetoric, Ancient. 2. Latin language—Rhetoric. I. Dominik, William J. II. Hall, Jon (Jon C. R.) III. Series. PA2311.C66 2007 808’.04710937—dc22 2006009419 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10/12pt Galliard by SPi Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed and bound in Singapore by Markono Print Media Pte Ltd The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: www.blackwellpublishing.com Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_2_toc Final Proof page v 29.9.2006 8:50pm Contents Notes on Contributors viii Preface xii Texts and Abbreviations xiv Part I Approaching Rhetoric 1 1 Confronting Roman Rhetoric 3 William Dominik and Jon Hall 2 Modern Critical Approaches to Roman Rhetoric 9 John Dugan 3 Greek Rhetoric Meets Rome: Expansion, Resistance, and Acculturation 23 Sarah Culpepper Stroup 4 Native Roman Rhetoric: Plautus and Terence 38 John Barsby 5 Roman Oratory Before Cicero: The Elder Cato and Gaius Gracchus 54 Enrica Sciarrino Part II Rhetoric and Its Social Context 67 6 Rhetorical Education and Social Reproduction in the Republic and Early Empire 69 Anthony Corbeill Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_2_toc Final Proof page vi 29.9.2006 8:50pm vi Contents 7 Virile Tongues: Rhetoric and Masculinity 83 Joy Connolly 8 Oratory, Rhetoric, and Politics in the Republic 98 Michael C. Alexander 9 Oratory and Politics in the Empire 109 Steven H. Rutledge 10 Roman Senatorial Oratory 122 John T. Ramsey 11 Panegyric 136 Roger Rees 12 Roman Oratorical Invective 149 Valentina Arena Part III Systematizing Rhetoric 161 13 Roman Rhetorical Handbooks 163 Robert N. Gaines 14 Elocutio: Latin Prose Style 181 Roderich Kirchner 15 Memory and the Roman Orator 195 Jocelyn Penny Small 16 Wit and Humor in Roman Rhetoric 207 Edwin Rabbie 17 Oratorical Delivery and the Emotions: Theory and Practice 218 Jon Hall Part IV Rhetoricians and Orators 235 18 Lost Orators of Rome 237 Catherine Steel 19 Cicero as Rhetorician 250 James M. May 20 Cicero as Orator 264 Christopher P. Craig 21 Grammarians and Rhetoricians 285 Charles McNelis 22 Roman Declamation: The Elder Seneca and Quintilian 297 W. Martin Bloomer 23 Quintilian as Rhetorician and Teacher 307 Jorge Ferna´ndez Lo´pez Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_2_toc Final Proof page vii 29.9.2006 8:50pm Contents vii 24 Tacitus and Pliny on Oratory 323 William Dominik 25 Rhetoric and the Second Sophistic 339 Graham Anderson 26 Roman Rhetoric and Its Afterlife 354 John O. Ward Part V Rhetoric and Roman Literature 367 27 Rhetoric and Literature at Rome 369 Matthew Fox 28 Rhetoric and Epic: Vergil’s Aeneid and Lucan’s Bellum Civile 382 Emanuele Narducci 29 Rhetoric and Satire: Horace, Persius, and Juvenal 396 Dan Hooley 30 Rhetoric and Ovid 413 Ulrike Auhagen 31 Rhetoric and the Younger Seneca 425 Marcus Wilson 32 Rhetoric and Historiography 439 Cynthia Damon Bibliography 451 Glossary of Technical Terms 487 Index Locorum 495 General Index 502 Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_3_posttoc Final Proof page viii 28.9.2006 8:34pm Notes on Contributors Michael C. Alexander is Professor in the Ulrike Auhagen teaches Classics in the Department of History at the University Department of Classical Philology at the of Illinois, Chicago, USA. His research University of Freiburg, Germany. Her has focused on the history of the late publications include Der Monolog bei Roman republic, particularly criminal Ovid (1999) as well as various articles trials. He is the author of Trials in the on Greek and Roman comedy, Roman Late Roman Republic, 149 BC to 50 BC republican tragedy, Roman epic and (1990) and The Case for the Prosecution elegy, and neo-Latin literature. She is in the Ciceronian Era (2002). the editor of Studien zu Plautus’ Epidi- cus (2001) and (with Eckart Scha¨fer) Graham Anderson is Professor of Lotichius und die ro¨mische Elegie (2001). Classics at the University of Kent, England. He has written several studies John Barsby is Emeritus Professor of on later Greek rhetoric, including Philos- Classics at the University of Otago, tratus (1986), The Pepaideumenos in New Zealand. He has published widely Action (1989), and The Second Sophistic on Latin literature, including articles on (1993). He is currently preparing a study Catullus, Propertius, and Ovid as well as of kingship legends in antiquity. on Plautus and Terence. He has pub- lished Ovid (1978), Ovid, Amores I Valentina Arena is Lecturer in Roman (1973), Plautus, Bacchides (1986), Ter- History at University College, London, ence, Eunuchus (1999), Terence 1–2 England. Her main fields of research are (2001), and Greek and Roman Drama: the use of ideas in the political arena and Translation and Performance (2002). the practice of politics in the first century BCE. She is currently working on a book W. Martin Bloomer is Associate Profes- on the concept of libertas and its exploit- sor of Classics at the University of Notre ation in the late Roman republic. Dame, USA. His publications include Dominik / Companion to Roman Rhetoric 1405120916_3_posttoc Final Proof page ix 28.9.2006 8:34pm Notes on Contributors ix Valerius Maximus and the Rhetoric of the patronage, and Latin prose style. Histori- New Nobility (1992), Latinity and Liter- ography and rhetoric figure prominently ary Society at Rome (1997), and The School in her commentary on Tacitus, Histories 1 of Rome: Latin Studies and the Origins of (2002) and in her monograph (with Wil- Liberal Education (forthcoming).