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Bicentenario De La Independencia, En Recuerdo De La Nproclamación Libertaria Que Hiciera El General Don José De San Martín Aquel Histórico 28 De Julio De 1821

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Bicentenario De La Independencia, En Recuerdo De La Nproclamación Libertaria Que Hiciera El General Don José De San Martín Aquel Histórico 28 De Julio De 1821 Año I, número 2. Segundo semestre del 2018 En Líneas Generales Revista digital del Programa de Estudios Generales Año I, número 2, segundo semestre del 2018 ISSN 2616-6658 Juan Carlos García Vargas Director del Programa de Estudios Generales EQUIPO EDITORIAL DEL SEGUNDO NÚMERO Director Alonso Rabí do Carmo Editores Luis Bustamante Otero Francisco Núñez Díaz Ramiro Velaochaga Sacio Juan Luis Orrego Penagos Imagen de portada: Por ShustrikS/Shutterstock.com COMITÉ EDITORIAL HONORARIO COMITÉ EDITOR Prof. Pedro Luis Barcia (Academia Argentina de Letras) Prof. Cristina Belaunde Matossian Prof. Enrique Bruce Marticorena (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú) Prof. Luis Bustamante Otero Prof. Matthew Bush (Lehigh University) Prof. Liliana Gonzales del Riego Prof. Manuel Chuts (Universidad Jaume I) Prof. José Carlos León Ríos Prof. Carlos Contreras (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú) Prof. Martín Mac Kay Fulle Prof. Juan Carlos Galdo (Texas A&M University) Prof. Francisco Núñez Díaz Prof. Luis Hernán Castañeda (Middlebury College) Prof. Juan Luis Orrego Penagos Prof. Peter Elmore (University of Colorado at Boulder) Prof. Alicia Pinzás Stoll Prof. Roberto Forns (Metro State Denver College) Prof. Julio Ramos Ramírez Prof. Leila Gómez (University of Colorado at Boulder) Prof. José Ignacio López Soria Prof. María Emma Mannarelli (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos) Prof. Nelson Manrique (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú) Prof. José Antonio Mazzotti (Tufts University) Prof. Wladimir Márquez Jiménez (Regis University) Prof. Eva Márquez Velandria (Denver School District) Prof. José Castro Urioste (Purdue University) © Universidad de Lima Fondo Editorial Av. Javier Prado Este 4600, Urb. Fundo Monterrico Chico, Lima 33 Apartado postal 852, Lima 100, Perú Teléfono: 437-6767, anexo 30131 [email protected] www.ulima.edu.pe Pág. 2 uestro país se apresta a celebrar, en el 2021, uno de los acontecimientos más importantes del siglo: el bicentenario de la Independencia, en recuerdo de la Nproclamación libertaria que hiciera el general don José de San Martín aquel histórico 28 de julio de 1821. Es cierto que este trascendente suceso es un proceso que se remonta a mediados del siglo XVIII e inicios del XIX, tiempo de la actuación de varias figuras que fueron inscritas en la historia como próceres de la libertad y de varios movimientos insurgentes que le hicieron frente a la corona española. Además, es también canónica la fecha en que se sella la Independencia: 6 de diciembre de 1824, día de la batalla de Ayacucho, que definió sin atenuantes la conquista de la libertad en el continente americano. Quedando muy poco para conmemorar doscientos años de vida republicana, y sin esquivar sus vaivenes, sus picos de progreso y bienestar ni sus altibajos, En Líneas Generales dedica la presente edición a examinar el tema del bicentenario desde diver- sas aristas históricas, políticas y sociales. En los diversos estudios y ensayos seleccionados para este número, el lector encontrará varios caminos para aproximarse a una circunstancia histórica de tanta importancia como esta. Lecturas de varias épocas, análisis de aspectos materiales concretos de la experiencia histórica y la aguda mirada sobre contextos específicos convierten esta edición en una herramienta de reflexión y de diálogo académico. Alonso Rabí do Carmo Director Pág. 3 ÍNDICE DE CONTENIDOS HISTORIA La (norte) “occidentalización” historiográfica Honor, injurias y “La Pepa” / Honor, insults de la revolución… e ¿(Hispano) América? and “La Pepa” / The (North) “western” historiographic Adolfo Tantaleán Valiente 98 of the revolution ... and (Hispanic) America? Manuel Chust Calero 6 La rebelión de Huánuco, 1812: rumores, fiestas y espacio cotidiano / The Huánuco rebellion Conmemoraciones e historiografía of 1812: rumors, parties and daily space / Commemorations and historiography Marissa Bazán Díaz 115 Francisco Quiroz Chueca 17 La concepción del Estado conservador: Bartolomé Lima en la década de 1870, una ciudad para el Herrera y su proyecto constitucional de 1860 cincuentenario de la Independencia / The conception of the Conservative State: / Lima in the 1870s: a city for the fiftieth anniversary Bartolomé Herrera and his constitutional of independence of Peru project of 1860 Juan Luis Orrego Penagos 30 José Carlos Jiyagón Villanueva 122 Bosque, fotografía y exposición. La construcción La universidad como campo de batalla: el receso visual de la Amazonía a través de los clichés de la Universidad de San Marcos, 1921-1922 de Charles Kroehle y el álbum República / The university as a battlefield: the recess peruana 1900 / Forest, photography and exhibition: of the San Marcos University, 1921-1922 visual construction of the Amazon through Charles Martín Guadalupe Inga 131 Kroehle’s negative photographic images and the album República Peruana 1900 La gestión pública en el Perú en perspectiva Juan Carlos La Serna Salcedo 41 histórica (siglos XIX-XXI) / A historical perspective of public management in Peru (19th-21st centuries) Indios, soldados sin patria: la conscripción Javier Iván Saravia Salazar 143 militar en el Perú durante el siglo XIX / Indians, soldiers without homeland: military conscription César Vallejo frente a José María Eguren: th in Peru during the 19 century Los heraldos negros y Simbólicas. Un ensayo David Víctor Velásquez Silva 56 de retórica comparada / César Vallejo versus José María Eguren: Los Heraldos Negros Hibridación republicana. El bicentenario and Simbólicas. An essay of comparative y la cultura política peruana en los siglos XIX y XIX rhetoric / Republican hybridization: the bicentennial Camilo Fernández Cozman 162 and Peruvian political culture in the 19th and 21st centuries Anotaciones para la agenda del bicentenario: Daniel Parodi Revoredo 73 desigualdad y mujer / Annotations for the bicentennial agenda: inequality and women Una relación furtiva. Honor y violencia conyugal Carolina Mirian Lovón-Cueva 168 en Lima en la coyuntura de la Independencia (1795-1820) / A furtive relationship. Honor Generación Z: los universitarios del bicentenario and conjugal violence in Lima at the juncture / Generation Z: the university students of Independence (1795-1820) of the bicentennial Luis Bustamante Otero 83 Mónica Soto del Águila 180 Pág. 4 Foucault y las prisiones en movimiento: sobre el Pedro Pablo Alayza 208 enclaustramiento en los buses de Lima / Foucault Elena Benavides 210 and moving prisons: about the confinement José Quezada Macchiavello 211 in the buses of Lima César Guadalupe Mendizábal 212 Christopher Rojas Quispe 188 David Mutal Vermeulen 213 Perú y Colombia: violencia política y prospectos Enrique Bonilla Di Tolla 215 de democracia / Peru and Colombia: political violence and prospects of democracy José Martín Muñoz 194 RESEÑAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS 217 ENTREVISTAS COLABORADORES 224 Lima, rumbo al bicentenario. Jorge Muñoz Wells 204 José de la Puente Brunke 207 Pág. 5 Año I // Número 2 // Segundo semestre del 2018 EN LÍNEAS GENERALES La (norte) “occidentalización” historiográfica de la revolución… e ¿(Hispano)América? The (North) “western” historiographic of the revolution ... and (Hispanic) America? Manuel Chust Calero Universidad Jaume I de Castellón RESUMEN ABSTRACT l triunfo del primer liberalismo —el revolucionario— The triumph of the first liberalism —the revolutionary— frente al Antiguo Régimen francés, desde el último against the french Old Regime, from the last third of the Etercio del siglo XVIII hasta 1848, inventó las historias 18th century until 1848, invented national histories. nacionales. La historia del siglo XIX comenzó a ser The history of the 19th century began to be rewritten, reescrita, se pasó de la crónica al relato heroico con and went from the chronicles to the heroic stories with dimensiones nacionales y gestas románticas. La historia national dimensions and romantic deeds. National nacional triunfó. history triumphed. Already in the 20th century, a central part of the interpretations of contemporary history Ya en el siglo XX, una parte central de las interpretacio- became universal, especially because the cohesive nes de la historia contemporánea se volvió universal, en vehicle of this contemporary universalism was the especial porque el vehículo cohesionador de este univer- origin, growth, expansion, development and, also, crisis salismo contemporáneo fue el origen, el crecimiento, la of the capitalist system and its diverse manifestations. expansión, el desarrollo y, también, la crisis del sistema Since the fifties, and especially since the sixties of the capitalista y de sus diversas manifestaciones. Desde los 20th century, in the context of the Cold War and in the años cincuenta y, en especial, desde la década de los process of the European decolonization in Asia and sesenta del siglo xx, en el contexto de la Guerra Fría y Africa, there was an intense criticism of this universalist en pleno proceso de descolonización europea en Asia y conception of contemporary history for having a África, se produjo una intensa crítica a esta concepción eurocentric approach. The present research will address universalista de la historia contemporánea por tener un and question this vision, and point out a great omission: enfoque eurocentrista. En el presente estudio se aborda the history of the revolutionary processes of Hispanic y cuestiona esta visión, y se señala una gran omisión: American independence in most of the contemporary la historia de los procesos revolucionarios hispanoa- universal histories. mericanos de independencia en
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