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JRASC December 2020 Lo-Res The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada PROMOTING ASTRONOMY IN CANADA December/décembre 2020 Volume/volume 114 Le Journal de la Société royale d’astronomie du Canada Number/numéro 6 [805] Inside this issue: 1997 Meteor Spectrum Revisited Impact of the Extent of Lighting Life in the Cosmos Revisited Vulpecula City The Best of Monochrome. Drawings, images in black and white, or narrow-band photography. Accomplished astrophotographer Stacey Downton imaged the North America Nebula from Birmingham, England, with an Altair 72EDF with an Altair hypercam 183M Pro Tec camera on a Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro. This is a single 240-second image through a hydrogen-alpha filter. December / décembre 2020 | Vol. 114, No. 6 | Whole Number 805 contents / table des matières Research Articles / Articles de recherche 282 Binary Universe: Thin Moon Chasing by Blake Nancarrow 249 1997 Meteor Spectrum Revisited by Edward P. Majden and Dr. William Ward 286 CFHT Chronicles: Updates by Mary Beth Laychak Feature Articles / Articles de fond 289 John Percy’s Universe: Reflections by John R. Percy 251 The Biological Basis for the Canadian Guideline for Outdoor Lighting 3 – 291 Second Light: Atomic hydrogen Impact of the Extent of Lighting at a redshift of 1 by Robert Dick by Leslie J. Sage 257 Life in the Cosmos Revisited 292 Dish on the Cosmos: Biosignatures by Klaus Brasch and the Phosphine Mystery by Erik Rosolowsky 266 Starlab and the Beginnings of Space Astronomy in Canada by Christopher Gainor Departments / Départements 268 Pen and Pixel: Perseid meteor / Solar 242 President’s Corner Prominence / Barnard 142 / Moon by Robyn Foret by Debra Ceravolo / Gary Palmer / Ron Brecher / Martin Gisborne 243 News Notes / En manchettes Compiled by Jay Anderson Columns / Rubriques 294 Astrocryptic and October Answers by Curt Nason 276 Astronomical Art & Artifact: Attracting Uncommon Notice: the Society’s 1892 295 Index to 2020 Report on Webb’s Celestial Objects for Compiled by James Edgar Common Telescopes by R.A. Rosenfeld iii Great Images by Michael Gatto 280 Skyward: How to See More than Half the Solar System at Once by David Levy This amazing image of NGC 6822 was captured by Dave Dev from his backyard in the light-polluted area of Woodbridge, Ontario, just north of Toronto. Dave took this narrowband image using the SHO pallette with an ASI 1600 mono camera on an Orion 115-mm APO refractor and Astrodon filters mounted on an EQ6 mount. The image, which was roughly 8 hours per filter, was processed in PixInsight. December / décembre 2020 JRASC | Promoting Astronomy in Canada 241 The Journal is a bi-monthly publication of The Royal President’s Corner Astronomical Society of Canada and is devoted to the advancement of astronomy and allied by Robyn Foret, Calgary sciences. It contains articles on Canadian astronomers and current activities of the RASC and its Centres, research and review papers by professional and amateur astronomers, ([email protected]) and articles of a historical, biographical, or educational nature of general interest to the astronomical community. All contributions are welcome, but the editors reserve the right to edit material prior to publication. Research papers are reviewed prior to publication, In the last issue I introduced to readers the and professional astronomers with institutional affiliations are asked to pay publication structure of the RASC and the roles of our charges of $100 per page. Such charges are waived for RASC members who do not Committees. Here I will focus on our Light- have access to professional funds as well as for solicited articles. Manuscripts and other submitted material may be in English or French, and should be sent to the Editor-in-Chief. Pollution Abatement Committee. Editor-in-Chief Contributing Editors Whether it be the war on climate change, the arguments Nicole Mortillaro Jay Anderson (News Notes) around wearing masks versus freedom to choose, or the Email: [email protected] Chris Beckett (Observing Tips) upcoming predictable outcry against vaccination to suppress Web site: www.rasc.ca Dave Garner (Celestial Review) Telephone: 416-924-7973 Mary Beth Laychak (CFHT Chronicles) COVID-19, science and education play a critical role in Fax: 416-924-2911 David Levy (Skyward) influencing what people “think” or “believe” about these issues. Blair MacDonald (Imager’s Corner) Associate Editor, Research Blake Nancarrow (Binary Universe) A favourite t-shirt of mine says “Science doesn’t care what you Douglas Hube Curt Nason (Astrocryptic) believe!” However, unfortunately, it takes considerable effort Email: [email protected] John R. Percy (John Percy’s Universe) to sway people and common beliefs around over-lighting to Associate Editor, General Randall Rosenfeld (Art & Artifact) enhance security, and the esthetics of urban areas at night are Michael Attas Eric Rosolowsky (Dish on the Cosmos) Email: [email protected] Leslie J. Sage (Second Light) well entrenched. David Turner (Reviews) Assistant Editors Proofreaders When it comes to preserving the night sky, explaining Michael Allen Michael Attas Martin Beech to readers of the Journal the need to address this issue is Margaret Brons Dave Chapman essentially preaching to the choir. But there is a greater need Angelika Hackett Ralph Chou Michelle Johns to educate those outside of our realm and it’s here that the Ralph Croning Barry Jowett RASC’s Light-Pollution Abatement Committee does its work, Dave Garner Alida MacLeod Patrick Kelly and it’s a cause all of you can help with, too. Design/Production Production Manager Michael Gatto, Grant Tomchuk Some of the committee’s greatest work is in the development James Edgar Email: [email protected], and execution of the Dark-Sky Programs and the underlying Email: [email protected] [email protected] Canadian Guidelines for Outdoor Lighting (CGOL). CGOL Advertising Printing Adela Zyfi Cansel addresses Artificial Light At Night (ALAN), making connec- Email: [email protected] www.cansel.ca tions to crime, human activity, human health, environmental health, animal behaviour, shorelines, and cultural impact. You Her Excellency the Right Honourable Julie Payette, C.C., C.M.M., C.O.M., C.Q., C.D., Governor General of Canada, is the Viceregal Patron of the RASC. can find the current version of the CGOL, edited by Robert The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada is published at an annual Dick, here: www.rasc.ca/dark-sky-site-guidelines subscription rate of $125 (plus Canadian tax), $140 USD for US subscriptions, $150 USD for International subscriptions. Membership, which includes the publications (for personal One thing the CGOL does is introduce us to scotobiology, use), is open to anyone interested in astronomy. Applications for subscriptions to the the study of the biological need for periods of darkness. This Journal or membership in the RASC and information on how to acquire back issues of the Journal can be obtained from: is where light-pollution abatement starts to touch the broader population. Robert Dick quotes the Light Research Organi- The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada zation and WebMD where they state that “the proliferation 203 – 4920 Dundas St W Toronto ON M9A 1B7, Canada of outdoor lighting has a significant impact on the health and behaviour of humans,” and “biological clocks control our sleep Email: [email protected] Web site: www.rasc.ca patterns, alertness, mood, physical strength, blood pressure, Telephone: 416-924-7973 and other aspects of our physiology.” In a referenced paper Fax: 416-924-2911 entitled “Lighting for the Human Circadian Clock,” it is noted Canadian Publications Mail Registration No. 09818 that “similar biological clocks are found in plants and animals Canada Post: Send address changes to 203 – 4920 Dundas St W, Toronto ON M9A 1B7 wherein darkness plays a similar role.” Canada Post Publication Agreement No. 40069313 Here are some facts that you can share. © 2020 The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. All rights reserved. ISSN 0035-872X • A recent study of adolescents by the Journal of the American Medical Association, Psychiatry, suggested higher ALAN levels resulted in fewer minutes of sleep and an increase in Cert no. SW-COC-005174 mood disorders and anxiety disorders, including associa- tions with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. 242 JRASC | Promoting Astronomy in Canada December / décembre 2020 • A study conducted by the Journal of Sleep Medicine than 109,000 women over a 22-year period concludes that targeting adults aged 60+ concludes that “Outdoor artifi- exposure to ALAN may contribute to breast cancer risk. cial nighttime light exposure was significantly associated with prescription of hypnotic drugs in older adults. These • The International Dark-Sky Association and the American findings are consistent with the hypothesis that outdoor Medical Association suggest that disrupting circadian artificial nighttime light may cause sleep disturbances.” rhythm increases our risk of obesity, diabetes, mood disorders, reproductive problems, and cancers. • Studies suggest that exposure to ALAN may disrupt circadian patterns and decrease nocturnal secretion of Preserving our nocturnal environment isn’t just about seeing melatonin, which may disturb estrogen regulation, leading the night sky, it’s also about protecting humankind, so that to increased breast cancer risk. A 2017 paper published we’re all physically and mentally healthy enough to see and V in Environmental Health Perspectives that followed more appreciate the night sky. News Notes / En manchette simulations of clusters formed according to existing theories of dark matter. The model simulation used by the study team Compiled by Jay Anderson assumed that dark matter is made up of massive, weakly interacting, collisionless particles, the nature of which is currently unknown. This unexpected discovery of gravitational Galaxy clusters: It’s in the details sub-halos means there is a discrepancy between these observa- tions and theoretical models of how dark matter should be While studying the Coma Galaxy Cluster in 1933, astronomer distributed in galaxy clusters.
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