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A New Species of Derobrachus Audinet-Serville, 1832 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae) from a Cloud Forest in Honduras

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A New Species of Derobrachus Audinet-Serville, 1832 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae) from a Cloud Forest in Honduras Zootaxa 4422 (3): 395–402 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.3.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:066252ED-DE7E-4191-A03C-822F24455280 A new species of Derobrachus Audinet-Serville, 1832 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae) from a cloud forest in Honduras ANTONIO SANTOS-SILVA1, NOËL MAL2, MARTIJN VAN ROIE3, 4 & MERLIJN JOCQUÉ2,3,5,6 1Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil 2 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium 3Biodiversity Inventory for Conservation npo (BINCO), Walmersumstraat 44, 3380 Glabbeek, Belgium 4Department of Biology, Ecosystem Management Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium 5Operation Wallacea, Wallace House, Old Bolingbroke, Lincolnshire, PE23 4EX, UK. 6Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A yearly biodiversity monitoring of longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae) in a Honduran cloud forest revealed a new species of prionine. Derobrachus cusucoensis sp. nov. is a locally relatively common species described from Cusuco National Park in Honduras, becoming the ninth species of this genus recorded for the country. Similar both in morphology and a montane habitat to D. dohrni, there is a possibility that this new species represents a disconnected population from the latter that evolved separately. An adapted insert for an existing identification key to all Derobrachus species is included. Key words: Central America, key, longhorned beetle, taxonomy, Cusuco National Park Introduction The Honduran landscape is characterized by mountains topped by cloud forest. Over the years these montane forest ecosystems have developed a rich diversity of animals and plants uniquely adapted to this habitat. The most northern stretches of cloud forest in Honduras are located in the Merendón mountain range, bordering Guatemala. The tiny forest patches here are partly covered by Cusuco National Park (CNP), ranked in the top 100 most irreplaceable sites worldwide for the conservation of threatened amphibians, birds and mammals (Le Saout et al. 2013). The high degree of isolation of this mountain range has resulted in a high degree of endemicity. Deforestation here is a pressing issue, and the actual protection of CNP limited. To help preserve this unique forest, a yearly biodiversity monitoring is set in place by Operation Wallacea (https://www.opwall.com/). This monitoring program includes light trapping at fixed locations to evaluate selected invertebrate groups such as the Lepidoptera families Sphingidae (hawkmoths) and Saturniidae (emperor moths). The most common longhorned beetles observed at light traps in CNP are Derobrachus species (Cerambycidae: Prioninae: Prionini) and include a new species to science. Recently, Heffern and Santos-Silva (2016) described a new species of this genus from Mexico (Veracruz), elevating the number of known species in Derobrachus (Monné 2017) to 20. Santos-Silva (2007) revised Derobrachus Audinet-Serville, 1832 and divided the genus into three species groups, without nomenclatural value, together encompassing 19 species: “sulcicornis group”, “brevicollis group”, and “apterus group”. Of these, the species that currently have been recorded for Honduras (Monné 2017) are: Derobrachus apterus Bates, 1879, D. dohrni Lameere, 1911; D. granulatus Bates, 1884; D. inaequalis (Bates, 1872); D. longicornis (Bates, 1872); D. megacles Bates, 1884; D. procerus Thomson, 1861 and D. sulcicornis LeConte, 1851. We here describe the new species of Derobrachus from cloud forest in CNP and provide an insert for identification key to species. Accepted by G. Nearns: 23 Mar. 2018; published: 24 May 2018 395 Material and methods Field site. Light trapping took place from June to August 2014-2017 in Cusuco National Park (CNP), situated in the Merendón mountain range in northwestern Honduras. The core zone of the park consists of lower montane tropical rain forest (a mix of primary and secondary), with patches of primary cloud forest and upper montane rain forest. Light trapping is repeated yearly on five fixed locations in CNP; Base Camp (15.497056000 / - 88.211764000), Cantilles (15.513457 / -88.241681), Guanales (15.488512 / -88.234064), Cortecito (15.522111000 / -88.289355000), El Danto (15.528277 / -88.277573), and an occasional location Capuca (15.512366 / - 88.217148). Field collection. The light trap was equipped with a 125 W Philips MV bulb strung in front of a vertical white piece of cloth at about 150 cm above the ground. A white piece of plastic was placed under the bulb. Power was provided by a portable generator. Light trapping was initiated at 20:00 and continued for two hours. Cerambycids were collected and preserved in 70% ethanol. Species description. Photographs related to figures 1–5 were taken with Canon EOS70D DSLR Camera and 105 mm F2.8 Sigma EX DG Macro OS Lens; stacking by Zerene Stacker software (by the second author). Photographs related to figures 6–15 and 17–20 were taken with a Canon EOS Rebel T3i DSLR camera, Canon MP-E 65 mm f/2.8 1-5X macro lens, stacking by Zerene Stacker software (by the first author). Measurements were taken in ‘‘mm’’ using measuring ocular Hensoldt/Wetzlar - Mess 10 in the Leica MZ6 stereomicroscope, also used in the study of the specimens. Measurements. Total length is measured as the distance between the tip of the mandibles and the distal edge of elytra. Prothoracic length is measured along the central line of the prothorax. Anterior prothoracic width is measured as the widest point between the tips of the distal lateral spines. Posterior prothoracic width is the widest point between the tips of the basal lateral spines. The latter two measurements were only recorded if lateral spines were intact. The humeral width is the distance between the shoulders of the elytra. Elytral length is the distance between the humeral callus and the elytral apex measured on a parallel line with the interior edge of the elytra. The collection acronyms used in this study are as follows: RBINS Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; NDPC Norbert Delahaye, Private Collection, Plaisir, France; MZSP Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; ZMPA Polish Academy of Science, Museum of the Institute of Zoology, Warsaw, Poland. Derobrachus cusucoensis, sp. nov. (Figs 1–13, 21–23) Description. Holotype male (Figs 1–5, 7, 9–10, 12). Integument mostly dark brown, more blackish on some areas; palpi reddish brown; antennae dark brown; elytra dark brown basally, brown on remaining surface, except dark brown margins; tarsomeres I–IV dark brown interspersed with irregular dark reddish brown areas; tarsomere V reddish brown, especially metatarsomere V, except basal and distal areas. Head. Area between clypeus and prothoracic margin longitudinally sulcate; coarsely rugose on each side of central sulcus between clypeus and posterior margin of upper eye lobes, interspersed with fine, sparse punctures; area between posterior edge of upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin finely, abundantly rugose-punctate (opaque general appearance); with short, erect, sparse yellowish brown setae, slightly more abundant close to eyes. Ocular carina distinct from anterior margin of upper eye lobes to near posterior ocular edge. Area between clypeus and antennal base, moderately finely, densely punctate; with short, erect, abundant yellowish brown setae, more abundant toward ventral side. Antennal tubercles large, inner side rounded, slightly projected under frons; coarsely, sparsely punctate on basal half, gradually finer, denser toward apex, especially denser in frontal area; with erect, sparse yellowish brown setae, shorter, distinctly more abundant close to apex. Postclypeus (Fig. 5) large; basal area centrally nearly coplanar with frons, distinctly elevated toward sides, with distal margin widely concave; central distal area distinctly inclined; center of basal area sub-triangularly smooth, finely, abundantly punctate in remaining central area, gradually coarser, sparser toward sides; inclined area smoothly, sparsely punctate; with 396 · Zootaxa 4422 (3) © 2018 Magnolia Press SANTOS-SILVA ET AL. long, erect, abundant yellowish brown setae, sparser toward sides of basal area and in inclined area. Anteclypeus transverse, narrow, smooth, glabrous. Labrum narrow, transverse, inclined, with center of distal margin rounded projected; with sparse yellowish brown setae and dense fringe of yellowish brown setae distally, except in rounded projection. Gulamentum finely, moderately sparsely punctate from base to lower eye lobes (this area convex), coarsely vermiculate from this point to distal margin (this area gradually depressed toward distal area of eyes, then distinctly elevated toward mentum); with long, erect, abundant yellowish brown setae. Area behind eyes finely rugose. Maxillary palpi long, about 1.8 times length of labial palpi. Genae finely, moderately abundant punctate, especially toward ventral side; with long, erect yellowish setae, sparser toward dorsal side, more abundant toward ventral side; apex acute, obliquely projected forward. Outer side of mandibles without tooth close to distal curvature. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.20 times length of scape; in ventral view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.25 times length of scape. Antennae 1.27 times elytral length,
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