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Pious and Critical Scholarly Paradigms of the Pentateuch •Fl
Author Biography Spencer is a third year History major from Martinez, California. In addition, he is perusing a minor in Religious Studies. His major research interests involve the study of the Old and New Testament, as well as military history. After graduation, he hopes to take his passion and research to seminary, where he can further his study of the field and history of Biblical criticism. Morgan Pious and Critical Scholarly Paradigms of the Pentateuch — during the 19th & early 20th centuries by Spencer Morgan Abstract This paper examines the antithesis between Christian scholarship and modern higher criticism of the Pentateuch during the 19th and early 20th centuries. During the 19th century, the popularization and eventual hegemony of the Doc- umentary Hypothesis revolutionized the field of Biblical studies. Modern criti- cal scholars claimed that Moses did not write the Pentateuch (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) during the 15th century BC, but rather it was the product of a later redaction of at least four separate documents: J, E, P, and D. Writing hundreds of years apart and long after Moses, their authors reflect not the ancient covenantal religion of Moses, but rather various periods in the evolution of Israel’s religion. The implications of the Documentary Hypothe- sis bring into question the historicity and theological validity of not only the Pen- tateuch, but also the Christian New Testament which presupposes it. The goal of this research is to identify the foundational presuppositions, conclusions, and contextual consciousness that both the modern critics and the Reformed body of Christian scholars opposing them brought to their scholarship. -
Joseph Henry
MEMOIR JOSEPH HENRY. SIMON NEWCOMB. BEAD BEFORE THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OP SCIENCES, APRIL 21, 1880. (1) BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF JOSEPH HENRY. In presenting to the Academy the following notice of its late lamented President the writer feels that an apology is due for the imperfect manner in which he has been obliged to perform the duty assigned him. The very richness of the material has been a source of embarrassment. Few have any conception of the breadth of the field occupied by Professor Henry's researches, or of the number of scientific enterprises of which he was either the originator or the effective supporter. What, under the cir- cumstances, could be said within a brief space to show what the world owes to him has already been so well said by others that it would be impracticable to make a really new presentation without writing a volume. The Philosophical Society of this city has issued two notices which together cover almost the whole ground that the writer feels competent to occupy. The one is a personal biography—the affectionate and eloquent tribute of an old and attached friend; the other an exhaustive analysis of his scientific labors by an honored member of the society well known for his philosophic acumen.* The Regents of the Smithsonian Institution made known their indebtedness to his administration in the memorial services held in his honor in the Halls of Congress. Under these circumstances the onl}*- practicable course has seemed to be to give a condensed resume of Professor Henry's life and works, by which any small occasional gaps in previous notices might be filled. -
Alexander Graham Bell 1847-1922
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS VOLUME XXIII FIRST MEMOIR BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR OF ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 1847-1922 BY HAROLD S. OSBORNE PRESENTED TO THE ACADEMY AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, 1943 It was the intention that this Biographical Memoir would be written jointly by the present author and the late Dr. Bancroft Gherardi. The scope of the memoir and plan of work were laid out in cooperation with him, but Dr. Gherardi's untimely death prevented the proposed collaboration in writing the text. The author expresses his appreciation also of the help of members of the Bell family, particularly Dr. Gilbert Grosvenor, and of Mr. R. T. Barrett and Mr. A. M. Dowling of the American Telephone & Telegraph Company staff. The courtesy of these gentlemen has included, in addition to other help, making available to the author historic documents relating to the life of Alexander Graham Bell in the files of the National Geographic Society and in the Historical Museum of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 1847-1922 BY HAROLD S. OSBORNE Alexander Graham Bell—teacher, scientist, inventor, gentle- man—was one whose life was devoted to the benefit of mankind with unusual success. Known throughout the world as the inventor of the telephone, he made also other inventions and scientific discoveries of first importance, greatly advanced the methods and practices for teaching the deaf and came to be admired and loved throughout the world for his accuracy of thought and expression, his rigid code of honor, punctilious courtesy, and unfailing generosity in helping others. -
Gustavus A. Hyde, Professor Espy's Volunteers, and the Development Ol
Bruce Sinclair Gustavus A. Hyde, Case Institute of Technology Professor Espy's volunteers, Cleveland, Ohio and the development ol systematic weather observation In December 1842, James P. Espy, meteorologist, some- time professor of mathematics for the U. S. Navy but better known as the "Storm King" for his theories on the cause of storms, issued a public call for volunteer weather observers. Addressed to the "Friends of Science," via the medium of newspapers throughout the country, Espy requested all those interested in weather phenom- ena to record meteorological data in their own localities and send him the information for use in testing his weather theories.1 One of the readers of Professor Espy's circular was Gustavus A. Hyde, a seventeen year old student at the Framingham, Massachusetts Academy. Fired with en- thusiasm for the new project "I wrote to him," Hyde later recalled, "and in return received blank slips on which to take my readings."2 He purchased a ther- mometer and together with a barn weather vane and a home-made rain gauge he began making a record of the weather. Hyde's zeal lasted for well over half a century, a record perhaps unmatched by any of the other volunteers who answered the call for their serv- ices. During the period of Hyde's career, meteorology advanced from the empirical compilation of amateur observations to a science, based on the interpretation of data systematically collected by professional meteor- ologists. Gustavus A. Hyde Espy's call for volunteers came at a time of particular interest in weather. His own theory of storms was in sharp conflict with that of William Redfield, another was triumphantly received in France. -
That Grips Tight Enough, Does It Not? Give Your Servants What You Expect and Need to Get from Christ
THE LIFE .AND WORKS OF HEINRIOH EWALD. 361 to Him to see what a master ought to be, and to try to be masters like that. That is precise enough, is it not? That grips tight enough, does it not? Give your servants what you expect and need to get from Christ. If we try to live that commandment for twenty-four hours, it will probably not be its vagueness of which we complain. "Ye have a Master in heaven," is the great principle on which all Christian duty reposes. Christ's command is my law, His will is supreme, His authority absolute, His example all-sufficient. My soul, my life, my all are His. My will is not my own. My possessions are not my own. My life is not my own. All duty is elevated into obedi ence to Him, and obedience to Him, utter and absolute, is dignity and freedom. We are Christ's slaves, for He has bought us for Himself, by giving Himself for us. Let that great sacrifice win our heart's love and our perfect submis sion. " 0 Lord, truly I am Thy servant, Thou hast loosed my bonds." Then all earthly relationships will be fulfilled by us, and we shall move among men breathing blessing and raying out brightness, when in all, we remember that we have a Master in heaven, and do all our work frqm the soul as to Him and not to men. ALEXANDER MACLAREN. THE LIFE AND WORKS OF HEINRICH EWALD. Il.-Hrs WEAKNESS AND HIS STRENGTH, AS A CRITIC AND AS A MAN. -
Alexander Graham Bell, Joseph Henry, and the “Empty Helix” Experiment
Alexander Graham Bell, Joseph Henry, and the “empty helix” experiment Varderes Barsegyan (Vardo), Gursimran Singh (Gary) Sethi, and Michael Littman Princeton University AAPT Summer Meeting 2015 1 Alexander Graham Bell visits Joseph Henry March 1-2, 1875 Joseph Henry (1797 – 1878) Alexander Bell (1847 – 1922) – First Secretary of Smithsonian (1846 – 1878); – Teacher of the deaf; Professor of Vocal Previously a Professor at Princeton College; Physiology at Boston University. In 1875, he is Early contributor to science of electro- figuring out how to send many telegraph messages magnetism. Contemporary of Ohm, Faraday, and on a single wire. His work follows the 1872 Ampere – electrical units are named after these invention of the duplex telegraph of Stearns. individuals. Alexander Graham Bell visits Joseph Henry March 1-2, 1875 Dear Mama and Papa, (letter of March 18, 1875) … Alexander Graham Bell visits Joseph Henry March 1-2, 1875 The “telephone” mentioned is a telegraphic device using tuned reeds Make and Break transmitter (at the vibration frequency of the iron reed) And matched receiver with a second iron reed resonantly excited by pulses Alexander Graham Bell visits Joseph Henry March 1-2, 1875 Alexander Graham Bell visits Joseph Henry March 1-2, 1875 6 Why does this work? Ampere’s observation that parallel wire with current in same direction attract Therefore when current is flowing in an empty helix, it contracts axially When current is pulsing, the empty helix pulses axially producing sound 7 What do we know about actual helix? In an earlier letter (Thanksgiving 1874) Bell describes the first observation of this effect – the coil consisted of No. -
Online-Rezensionen Des Jahrbuchs Zur Liberalismus-Forschung 2/2014
Online-Rezensionen des Jahrbuchs zur Liberalismus-Forschung 2/2014 Wilhelm Bleek/Bernhard Lauer (Hrsg): Protestation des Gewissens. Die Rechtfertigungsschriften der Göttinger Sieben. Kassel: Brüder Grimm-Gesellschaft, 2012, 208 S., ISBN: 978-3-940614-29-2 Bis zum Erscheinen dieses Buches stammte die letzte grundlegende „zitierwürdige“ Edition der Texte der „Göttinger Sieben“ aus dem Jahre 1934, die immerhin 1965 und 1987 jeweils nachgedruckt wurde. So ist es dankenswert, dass nun eine kritische Neuausgabe vorgelegt worden ist, die auch den aktuel- len Forschungsstand berücksichtigt. Mit Wilhelm Bleek „an Bord“ gelingt dieses. Er ist ein exzellenter Kenner der Epoche und hat über den schillerndsten der Göttinger Protestler von 1837, Friedrich Chris- toph Dahlmann, im Jahre 2010 eine umfangreiche und hoch gelobte Biografie vorgelegt. Die Göttinger Sieben stehen bis in unsere Zeit „pars pro toto“ für den Typus des unabhängigen und politisch enga- gierten Professors im deutschen Vormärz, wenn nicht sogar im 19. Jahrhundert, die auf der Suche nach einer „guten Verfassung“ waren. Ihr besonderes Verhältnis auch zur eigenen „Verfassungstreue“ stellten sie schon bei der Eingabe ihres Protestes am 18. November 1837 in den Mittelpunkt: Sie ver- wahrten sich nur gegen die einseitige Entbindung vom Verfassungseid durch den Monarchen, der da- mit seinen Willen über die Konstitution gestellt hatte – ein im Wortsinne willkürlicher Akt“ (S. 25). Die Brüder Grimm-Gesellschaft e.V. hat den Editionsband der Rechtfertigungsschriften der sieben Göt- tinger Professoren herausgegeben. Es sind die Schriften von Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht, Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, Heinrich Ewald und Georg Gottfried Gervinus. Der sieben- te Göttinger, Wilhelm Weber, publizierte keine Protestschrift; und die von Gervinus übrigens erschien als Vorrede zum dritten Band seiner deutschen Literaturgeschichte. -
Historical Perspective of Electricity
B - Circuit Lab rev.1.04 - December 19 SO Practice - 12-19-2020 Just remember, this test is supposed to be hard because everyone taking this test is really smart. Historical Perspective of Electricity 1. (1.00 pts) The first evidence of electricity in recorded human history was… A) in 1752 when Ben Franklin flew his kite in a lightning storm. B) in 1600 when William Gilbert published his book on magnetism. C) in 1708 when Charles-Augustin de Coulomb held a lecture stating that two bodies electrified of the same kind of Electricity exert force on each other. D) in 1799 when Alessandro Volta invented the voltaic pile which proved that electricity could be generated chemically. E) in 1776 when André-Marie Ampère invented the electric telegraph. F) about 2500 years ago when Thales of Miletus noticed that a piece of amber attracted straw or feathers when he rubbed it with cloth. 2. (3.00 pts) The word electric… (Mark ALL correct answers) A) was first used in printed text when it was published in William Gilber’s book on magnetism. B) comes from the Greek word ήλεκτρο (aka “electron”) meaning amber. C) adapted the meaning “charged with electricity” in the 1670s. D) was first used by Nicholas Callen in 1799 to describe mail transmitted over telegraph wires, “electric-mail” or “email”. E) was cast in stone by Greek emperor Julius Caesar when he knighted Archimedes for inventing the electric turning lathe. F) was first used by Michael Faraday when he described electromagnetic induction in 1791. 3. (5.00 pts) Which five people, who made scientific discoveries related to electricity, were alive at the same time? (Mark ALL correct answers) A) Charles-Augustin de Coulomb B) Alessandro Volta C) André-Marie Ampère D) Georg Simon Ohm E) Michael Faraday F) Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 4. -
Origin of the Electric Motor
Origin of the Electric Motor JOSEPH C. MIGHALOWICZ MEMBER AIEE HE DAY that man Had it not been for the efforts of men like 1821—Michael Faraday dem- T molded the first wheel Davenport, De Jacobi, and Page, the benefits onstrated for the first time the from the sledlike skids of his of the electric motor would not be enjoyed possibility of motion by electro- magnetic means with the move- primitive wagon should be today. It is the purpose of this article to trace ment of a magnetic needle in a one of great commemoration, briefly the early history of the science of electro- field of force. had not its identity been lost motion and, in particular, to bring to light and 1829—-Joseph Henry, a teacher in the passing of time. Not to honor the inventor of the electric motor. of physics at the Albany Academy unlike the wheel and prob- in New York, constructed an elec- ably second only to the wheel, tromagnetic oscillating motor but considered it only a "philosophical the electric motor has been a toy." great benefactor to man and its history, too, slowly is 1833—Joseph Saxton, an American inventor, exhibited a magneto- being forgotten. Today, we hear very little, if anything, about Thomas Figure 1. Thomas Davenport, the blacksmith who invented the electric Davenport, inven- motor; or about De Jacobi, who propelled the first boat tor of the electric by means of an electric motor; or of Charles Page who motor successfully carried passengers on the first practical electric railway. Had it not been for the efforts of these men and others like them, the benefits of the electric motor probably would not be enjoyed today. -
History of Magnetism and Electricity History of Magnetism and Electricity
History of Magnetism and Electricity History of Magnetism and Electricity ● As the result of successfully completing this unit, the students will – Discuss the historical background of electricity, electromagnetism, and circuits – Compare and Contrast the time frame needed to discover the basic laws of electromagnetism and the time frame this course is taking to introduce those same concepts to the students Static Electricity – Thales from Milet ● Ca 600 BC ● Amber rubbed will attract light objects sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thales.jpg Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity Static Electricity – Thales from Milet ● Ca 600 BC ● Amber rubbed will attract light objects sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thales.jpg Static Electricity – Thales from Milet ● Ca 600 BC ● Amber rubbed will attract light objects ● ηλεκτρον (greek for amber) sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thales.jpg Static Electricity η λ ε κ τ ρ ο ν η = Eta λ = Lambda ε = Epsilon κ = Kappa τ = Tau ρ = Rho ο = Omega ν = Nu Static Electricity η λ ε κ τ ρ ο ν η = E E L E K T R O N λ = L ε = E κ = K τ = T ρ = R ο = O ν = N Static Electricity – Thales from Milet ● Ca 600 BC ● Amber rubbed will attract light objects ● ηλεκτρον (greek for amber) → electron sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Thales.jpg William Gilbert - Magnetism ● 1600 sources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:William_Gilbert.jpg http://www.solarnavigator.net/compass.htm http://www.physics.ubc.ca/~outreach/phys420/p420_01/shaun/shaun/why_it_works.htm -
Applied Electromagnetics
Dan Sievenpiper - UCSD, 858-822-6678,[email protected] Applied Electromagnetics Dan Sievenpiper, 2018-10-29 1 Dan Sievenpiper - UCSD, 858-822-6678,[email protected] History: A Few of the Early Pioneers in Electromagnetics Andre-Marie Ampere Michael Faraday James C. Maxwell Heinrich Hertz Invented telegraph Invented electric motor Unified electricity, magnetism Proved existence of (among many other things) (among many other things) and light into one theory electromagnetic waves Guglielmo Many, many others: Nicola Tesla Marconi • Alessandro Volta • James Prescott Joule • Georg Simon Ohm • Charles William Siemens • Charles-Augustin Coulomb • Joseph Henry • Wilhelm Eduard Weber • Hans Christian Orsted Invented AC, wireless Invented radio • … communication 2 power transfer Dan Sievenpiper - UCSD, 858-822-6678,[email protected] Courses in Applied Electromagnetics • Undergrad Courses – ECE107 – Electromagnetism – ECE123 – Antenna Systems Engineering – ECE166 – Microwave Systems and Circuits – ECE182 – Electromagnetic Optics, Guided-wave and Fiber Optics • Graduate Courses – ECE221 – Magnetic Materials Principles and Applications – ECE222A – Antennas and their System Applications – ECE222B – Electromagnetic Theory – ECE222C – Computational Methods for Electromagnetics – ECE222D – Advanced Antenna Design 3 Dan Sievenpiper - UCSD, 858-822-6678,[email protected] ECE107 Electromagnetism • Electrostatics, magnetostatics • Vector analysis • Maxwell’s equations • Plane waves, reflection, refraction • Electromagnetic -
Isaiah 53: a Study of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer
Durham E-Theses Theological Interpretation and Isaiah 53: A Study of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer SHEPHERD, CHARLES,EARL How to cite: SHEPHERD, CHARLES,EARL (2012) Theological Interpretation and Isaiah 53: A Study of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5935/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Theological Interpretation and Isaiah 53: A Study of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer Charles E. Shepherd Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Theology and Religion Durham University 2012 ABSTRACT Theological Interpretation and Isa 53: A Study of Bernhard Duhm, Brevard Childs, and Alec Motyer Charles E. Shepherd Ph.D. Dissertation Submitted to Durham University, 2012 This dissertation brings together the hermeneutical approaches of three Old Testament scholars, specifically as they pertain to the interpretation of Isaiah 52.13-53.12 in the framework of Christian theology.