Jung Wien Im Kaffeehaus Young Vienna in the Coffee House

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Jung Wien Im Kaffeehaus Young Vienna in the Coffee House JUNG WIEN IM KAFFEEHAUS YOUNG VIENNA IN THE COFFEE HOUSE 9. 3. – 3. 6. 2018 Ausstellung im Arkadenhof des Café Central Exhibition in the Arcade-Courtyard of Café Central KURZE GESCHICHTE DES WIENER KAFFEEHAUSES 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE VIENNESE COFFEE HOUSE Um die Geschichte des Kaffeehauses in Around the history of the Vienna coffee Wien rankt sich die Legende des Offiziers, house is woven the legend of the officer, Spions und Dolmetschers Georg Franz spy and translator Georg Franz Kolschitzky. Kolschitzky. Nach der Zweiten Wiener After their 2nd siege of the city, the Turks Türkenbelagerung habe man einige Säcke left behind a few sacks of strange looking seltsamer Bohnen vorgefunden, die man beans which were found and thought to für Kamelfutter hielt. Im Wissen um den be camel food. Knowing the value of these wertvollen Inhalt sei Kolschitzky der sacks, Kolschitzky decided not follow Anordnung, sie zu verbrennen, nicht orders to burn the contents but rather open nachgekommen und habe ein Kaffeehaus a coffee house which he named »The Blue mit dem Namen »Zur blauen Flasche« Bottle«. It is historically documented eröffnet. Historisch belegt ist indes, dass however, that in fact an Armenian spice, Johannes Theodat, ein armenischer leather and carpet dealer by the name of Gewürz-, Teppich- und Lederwarenhänd- Johannes Theodot opened the first coffee ler, 1685 das wohl erste Kaffeehaus in house in Vienna in 1685. After 1800 the Wien eröffnet hat. Nach 1800 vermehrten number of coffee houses increased rapidly, sich die Kaffeehäuser sehr schnell – zur much to the displeasure of the Imperial geringen Freude des Kaiserhauses, wel- Court which believed that regime critical ches hinter ihren Türen regimekritische voices hid behind these doors, and which Regungen vermutete und sie sorgfältig be- were then carefully spied upon. However, spitzeln ließ. Das tat der Verbreitung des this didn’t stop the expansion of these Cafés als beliebte Lokalität für Debatten, coffee houses as a popular meeting place Lektüre und Genuss allerdings keinen for debates and pleasure. In 1819 there Abbruch: 1819 soll es bereits etwa 150 were around 150 ›coffee brewers‹ and ›Kaffeesieder‹, um 1900 nicht weniger als around 1900 no fewer than 600. 600 Kaffeehäuser gegeben haben. CAFÉ S. GRIENSTEIDL Der Apotheker Heinrich Griensteidl bezog In 1847 the apothecary Heinrich Grien­ 1847 die Parterrelokalität eines frühba - steidl moved into the ground floor rooms rocken Palais‘ in der Nähe des alten Hof- of an early baroque Palais near to the old burgtheaters. Nach dem Tod Griensteidls Hofburg Theatre. After his death Grien­ übernahm seine Witwe Susanna das steidl’s widow, Susanna, took over the Lokal und führte es bis zur Schließung business and managed it under the name im Jahr 1897 als »Café S. Griensteidl« of Café S. Griensteidl until its closure in weiter. »Es hatte noch den entzückenden 1897. As the journalist and author Stefan Charakter des Altwiener Cafés, es war Großmann wrote; »It still had the char­ ganz ohne Pomp, ohne Marmor, ohne ming character of an old Viennese coffee Plüsch«, hielt der Journalist und Schrift- house, completely without pomp, no steller Stefan Großmann fest. Im Jahr marble, no plush«. In 1848 it played »an 1848 hatte »es eine interessante Rolle als interesting role as rendezvous for all out­ Rendezvousplatz für alle im Freiheits- standing freedom fighting men« – as was kampfe hervorragenden Männer« gespielt, noted in the »Neue Freie Presse« (New wie es in der »Neuen Freien Presse« in Free Press) in a review after the cafes’ einem Rückblick nach der Schließung closure. Twenty years later it became not heißt, und etwa zwanzig Jahre später only the »main meeting point for labour wurde es »zu einem Hauptquartier von leaders« but also for politicians of other Arbeiterführern«, aber auch Politiker colours, such as the later Christian Social anderer Couleurs wie etwa der spätere Mayor of Vienna Karl Lueger, who was christsoziale Bürgermeister Karl Lueger also a regular here. In the final two deca­ unterhielten hier einen Stammtisch. des of the 19th century, Café Griensteidl – Vor allem aber wegen seiner direkten mainly due to its close proximity to the Nachbarschaft zum k.k. Hofburgtheater old Imperial Hofburg Theatre – became bildete das Griensteidl im ausgehenden the main gathering point of the literary and 19.Jahrhundert »einen Hauptsammelplatz artistic world. der Schriftsteller- und Künstlerwelt.« DAS JUNGE WIEN 2 YOUNG VIENNA »Freunde? Freunde sind wir ja eigentlich »Friends? We’re not actually friends, we nicht – wir machen einander nur nicht just don’t get on each other’s nerves.« This nervös.« So soll sich der Dichter und was the ironic comment that the author Dandy Richard Beer-Hofmann einmal and dandy Richard Beer­Hofmann once ironisch über das Junge Wien geäußert wrote about »Das Junge Wien«, the »Young haben, den Schriftstellerkreis, der die Vienna« circle of writers, which decisively literarische Ästhetik der Wiener Moderne influenced the literary aesthetics of the entscheidend mitgeprägt hat. Zur Kern- Vienna contemporary. At the very core of gruppe des Zirkels gehörten neben this group next to Beer­Hofmann, belonged Beer-Hofmann der Arzt und Schriftsteller the doctor and writer Arthur Schnitzler, Arthur Schnitzler, der als literarisches Hugo von Hofmannsthal who was regarded Wunderkind betrachtete Hugo von as a literary child genius, the Feuilleton Hofmannsthal, der Feuilletonist Felix writer Felix Salten and Hermann Bahr, Salten sowie Hermann Bahr, der sich who functioned as the tireless networker als unermüdlicher Netzwerker der of the group. Gruppe betätigte. In 1890 the circle began to casually form – Um 1890 begann sich die Gruppe in at first in Café Griensteidl. Soon however lockerer Runde zu bilden – zunächst im the »Young Viennese« also began to meet Café Griensteidl. Doch bald schon frequently in other coffee houses, mainly begannen die Jung-Wiener, immer öfter in Café Central. The young Vienna circle auch andere Kaffeehäuser aufzusuchen, first drew attention to itself by embracing darunter vor allem das Café Central. the contemporary drifts of Literary Impres­ Literarisch zeichnete sich das Junge Wien sionism, Symbolism and Aestheticism zunächst durch seine Hinwendung zu of the time, but, from the very beginning, seinerzeit »modernen« Strömungen the authors also followed their very own des literarischen Impressionismus, Sym- particular paths. bolismus und Ästhetizismus aus. Doch von Anfang an ging man zugleich auch eigene Wege. ARTHUR SCHNITZLER Zu Beginn des Jahres 1890 notierte der 28-jährige Arthur Schnitzler in sein Tage- buch: »Ansätze zu einem lit. Verein Jung Wien«. Noch ist es ein Kunterbunt von heute längst vergessenen Schriftstellern, doch bereits zwei Jahre später konnte er festhalten: »Daß es solche Leute gibt, ist doch schön.« Aus dem engeren Kreis war eine feste Gruppe geworden, die »bleibt, was dazu kommt, wird wieder abgestreift«. Man verabredete sich gern in Kaffeehäusern: »Ich bin jeden Abend nach 10 im Central, Dienstag, Donnerstag, Samstag sicher«, ließ Schnitzler etwa Hofmannsthal am 18. Februar 1893 wis- sen. Schnitzler selbst wird sich sehr bald schon mit dem Einakter-Zyklus »Anatol« und einige Jahre später mit dem Drama »Liebelei« einen Namen machen. At the beginning of the year 1890 the join will be discarded«. One enjoyed 28 year old Arthur Schnitzler noted in his meeting in coffee houses: On 18th February diary: »First steps towards the formation 1893, Schnitzler let Hofmannsthal know of a Young Vienna Literary Society«. At for example, that: »I’m in Central every this time it was still a colourful collection evening after 10pm. Tuesday, Thursday, of today long forgotten writers, but already and Saturday for sure«. Very soon after­ two years later he was able to note »It is wards he was to make a name for himself pleasant that such people exist«. The inner with his dramatic cycle »Anatol« and circle has become a stable group, which a few years later with the play »Liebelei« will »remain – anyone else who tries to (Flirtation). HUGO VON HOFMANNSTHAL Hugo von Hofmannsthal stieß bereits als Hugo von Hofmannsthal joined the Schüler im Herbst 1890 zu der Tischrunde. circle as a school boy in autumn of 1890. Schnitzler notierte: »Bedeutendes Talent, Schnitzler noted: »outstanding talent, a ein 17j. Junge, Loris (v. Hofmannsthal). 17 year old boy, Loris (v. Hofmannsthal) Wissen, Klarheit und, wie es scheint, knowledge, clarity and, as far as I can see, auch echte Künstlerschaft, es ist uner - real artistry, it’s unheard of at that age«. hört in dem Alter.« Erste Gedichte von Hofmannthal’s first poems appeared Hofmannsthal erschienen in der belletris- in belletristic journal »An der Schönen tisch-musikalischenZeitschrift »An der Blauen Donau«. His most important Schönen Blauen Donau«, sein wichtigstes pseudonym was, at this time »Loris«. Pseudonym war zu dieser Zeit »Loris«. Literary works were not only recited Im Kaffeehaus wurden literarische Pro- and intensively discussed in the coffee duktionen nicht nur vorgetragen und house, but also rehearsed, for example intensiv diskutiert, sondern auch erprobt, Hofmannsthals Dramolett »Gestern« wie etwa Hofmannsthals Dramolett (Yesterday) 1891: Hermann Bahr suggested »Gestern« (1891): »Könnten wirs nicht »Couldn’t we act it out somewhere, there irgendwo spielen«, schlägt Hermann are so many rooms at Griensteidl’s, all we Bahr vor, »im Griensteidl sind so viele need is a skilled painter and decorator – Zimmer, brauchts nur einen geschickten I’ll do the
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