Brussels Summit Communiqué Issued by the Heads of
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
NATO Enlargement Reloaded
Research Paper Research Division - NATO Defense College, Rome - No. 81 – September 2012 NATO Enlargement Reloaded by Karl-Heinz Kamp 1 The dispute about who will become a new NATO member and when is Contents set to make it back on the transatlantic agenda. Debates in the Alliance have for years been dominated by the operations in Afghanistan or the Two Difficult Membership evolution of NATO’s partnership approach, but now the enlargement Applicants 2 question is coming up again and might lead to strong disagreements The Roots of the Debate 3 among the allies. All NATO nations certainly concur that the door for Russia and Enlargement 4 new members should remain open; the question is which countries Georgia in NATO – Pros and Cons 5 should join the Alliance, and when? How to Deal With the Membership Question? 7 At NATO’s Chicago Summit in May 2012, US Foreign Secretary Hillary Clinton suggested that Chicago should be the last NATO summit not explicitly focusing on enlargement.2 From this statement, which went largely unnoticed by the public, it can be logically inferred that all forthcoming summits should deal with inviting new members to join NATO, showing the degree of emphasis the US government is set to place on the enlargement issue in the coming years. Even if a statement of this kind in Chicago – in the midst of the presidential campaign and at the first NATO summit on US territory since 1999 – is partly directed to a domestic audience, it still shows the current Research Paper mood in US political circles: NATO enlargement is regarded as a ISSN 2076 - 0949 unique benefit, and the United States sees itself as the spearhead of (Res. -
10 Years After Bucharest Why NATO Should Double-Down on Georgian
C - 0; M - 95; Y - 100; K - 2; PANTONE 485 CP C - 0; M - 98; Y - 91; K - 30; PANTONE 7621 CP C - 0; M - 97; Y - 87; K - 60; PANTONE 7624 CP POLICY BRIEF EUROPE IN THE WORLD PROGRAMME 3 JULY 2018 10 years after Bucharest Why NATO should Amanda Paul Senior Policy Analyst, EPC double-down on Ana Andguladze Georgian membership Policy Researcher, ISPED 2018 is a momentous year for Georgia: it marks the interest to strengthen ties with Tbilisi. As a reliable 100th anniversary of the first Democratic Republic of partner that shares common interests and values, the Georgia. It is also the 10th anniversary of the war with country offers the West a strategic foothold in the South Russia (August 2008) and of the Bucharest Summit, Caucasus. The Alliance must reaffirm its membership when Tbilisi was promised a seat at NATO’s table. commitment and reiterate that no third country has a veto on its enlargement. It should further deepen A decade on, NATO-Georgia cooperation has practical cooperation and bolster Georgia’s ability substantially deepened. The country now meets to defend itself. Reaffirming NATO’s support would NATO standards in many areas: it has modernised its reassure Georgian society, boost reform efforts and move armed forces and interoperability between Georgian the country ever closer to the Alliance. troops and the armies of NATO countries has increased. Georgia has contributed more to international NATO missions than many existing members and also meets the Alliance’s defence spending target. Tbilisi has also undertaken reforms to strengthen democracy, eradicate Georgia has contributed more to corruption and ensure civilian control of the military. -
Joint Air Power Following the 2016 Warsaw Summit-Urgent Priorities
NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED ING TH LOW E 20 OL 16 F W R A E R W S O A W P R I S U A M T M N I I T O J URGENT PRIORITIES PRIORITIES URGENT UR ES GENT PRIORITI JOINT AIR POWER FOLLOWING THE 2016 WARSAW SUMMIT URGENT PRIORITIES Joint Air Power Competence Centre JOINT AIR POWER NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED Joint Air Power Following the 2016 Warsaw Summit – Urgent Priorities An Allied Command Transformation Headquarters Study Conducted by the Joint Air Power Competence Centre NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED Joint Air Power Following the 2016 Warsaw Summit Urgent Priorities An Allied Command Transformation Headquarters Study Conducted by the Joint Air Power Competence Centre NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED NATO UNCLASSIFIED – PUBLICLY DISCLOSED © This work is copyrighted. No part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission. Inquiries should be made to: The Editor, Joint Air Power Competence Centre (JAPCC), [email protected] Disclaimer This publication is a Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT) HQ commis- sioned study conducted by the Joint Air Power Competence Centre (JAPCC). All copyright and intellectual property rights reside with HQ ACT, unless otherwise licensed. The views expressed in this work do not necessarily represent the position of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), but are offered to foster dialogue and discussion re- garding urgent priorities in the field of air power capabilities and competencies. Though NATO classified documents may have informed the work of the authors, no clas- sified information has been directly quoted in this study, nor were any parts of classified information re-used in any form without prior sanitization. -
Nato's Future: a Tale of Three Summits1 Hans Binnendijk, Senior Fellow, Center for Transatlantic Relations, Johns Hopkins University Sais November 2016 Summary
NATO'S FUTURE: A TALE OF THREE SUMMITS1 HANS BINNENDIJK, SENIOR FELLOW, CENTER FOR TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONS, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SAIS NOVEMBER 2016 SUMMARY NATO tends to make progress on key policy issues and capability from summit to summit. Major shifts in the orientation of the Alliance can be traced to significant summits like London (1990), Washington (1999), Prague (2002), and Lisbon (2010). During the past two years, NATO has held a summit in Wales (4-5 September 2014) and one in Warsaw (8-9 July 2016). A third mini- summit is planned for Brussels in 2017. These first two summits taken together again significantly shifted the focus of the Alliance in the face of a series of new and dangerous challenges in the East and South. They shifted NATO’s posture in the East from benign neglect to allied reassurance to some degree of deterrence. The proposed force posture is inadequate to defeat a determined Russian short warning attack. Considerable increases in forward deployed forces (perhaps seven brigades) plus strengthened reinforcements would be necessary for NATO to hold its ground. But the Warsaw formula does provide what might be called “deterrence by assured response.” In the South, Allies recognized the complexity of the threats to Europe and sought to define NATO’s role in dealing with them. The third summit next year in Brussels could set the stage for further progress on both fronts. Much more still needs to be done. But with these fairly dramatic changes, NATO is in the process of once again restructuring itself so that it will not be “obsolete” in the effort to provide security for the transatlantic allies. -
NATO's 60Th Anniversary Summit
NATO’s 60th Anniversary Summit Paul Belkin, Coordinator Analyst in European Affairs Carl Ek Specialist in International Relations Lisa Mages Information Research Specialist Derek E. Mix Analyst in European Affairs April 14, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40454 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress NATO’s 60th Anniversary Summit Summary On April 3 and 4, 2009, the heads of state and government of the 26 members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) met in Strasbourg, France, and Kehl, Germany for a summit marking the 60th anniversary of the alliance. The summit was one of three stops on President Obama’s first official visit to Europe as President. Alliance leaders used the anniversary summit to pay tribute to NATO’s past achievements and to reaffirm their commitment to the alliance as the preeminent transatlantic security framework. They also completed a new round of NATO enlargement, sought common positions on the range of challenges currently facing the alliance, and began to set the parameters for NATO’s future direction. The key issue facing the alliance is the ongoing mission in Afghanistan, where allied governments are struggling to reach a strategic consensus on how to stabilize the country. The deteriorating security situation in the country has caused many to question the ability of NATO’s International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) to achieve its objectives and has exposed rifts within the alliance as to ISAF’s mission and the appropriate means to accomplish it. NATO’s strained relations with Russia are a second key issue. -
Reducing Nuclear Risks in Europe a FRAMEWORK for ACTION
Reducing A FrAmework For Action Nuclear Risks e dited by Steve AndreASen in Europe And iSAbelle williAmS Featured essay: “the race between Cooperation and catastrophe” by sam NuNN Reducing Nuclear Risks in Europe a FrameWork For acTIoN Edit eD by STeve aNDreaSeN aND ISabelle WIllIamS Featured essay: “The race between Cooperation and catastrophe” by sam NuNN Nuclear ThreaT INITIaTIve Washington, D.c. t he Nuclear threat INItIatIve NTI is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization with a mission to strengthen global security by reducing the risk of use and preventing the spread of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, and to work to build the trust, transparency, and security that are preconditions to the ultimate fulfillment of the Non-Proliferation Treaty’s goals and ambitions. www.nti.org The views expressed in this publication are the authors’ own and do not reflect those of NTI, its Board of Directors, or other institutions with which the authors are associated. © 2011 the Nuclear Threat Initiative All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sys- tem, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher and copyright holder. c over phoTo oF a u.S. aIr Force F-16 FIghTINg FalcoN aIrcraFT courTeSy oF The u.S. aIr Force. phoTo by maSTer SgT. WIllIam greer/releaSeD. ii T able oF coNTeNTS Acknowledgments v Authors and Reviewers vii summary coNteNt executive summary: Reassembling a More Credible NATO Nuclear Policy and Posture 1 Joan Rohlfing, Isabelle Williams, and Steve Andreasen featured essay: The Race Between Cooperation and Catastrophe 8 Sam Nunn chaPters 1. -
Alexander Vershbow
EXCLUSIVE THE THREE SWORDS INTERVIEW "Everything we are doing has a 360-degree scope. We do not have the luxury of choosing between different challenges." ALEXANDER VERSHBOW Interview by Inci Kucukaksoy, JWC PAO and Peter Hutson, JWC CCI&E Branch AMBASSADOR ALEXANDER VERSHBOW served in U.S. Government and NATO appointments for almost four decades. In 2012, he became the first American to hold the position of NATO Deputy Secretary General — the Alliance's second most senior international civil servant — a post from which he retired on 17 October 2016, handing over to Ms Rose Gottemoeller of the United States. A long-time student of Russian Affairs and international relations, Ambassador Vershbow received a B.A. in Russian and East European Studies from Yale University and a Master's Degree in International Relations and Certificate of the Russian Institute from Columbia University. During his career, he has held a series of key assignments, including that of U.S. Ambassador to NATO from 1998 to 2001; "one of the most difficult periods on the international arena since the Cold War," Polish President Andrzej Duda said as he honoured Ambassador Vershbow with Poland's highest distinction of its kind, the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland, at Warsaw's Belweder Palace, on the eve of the Warsaw Summit. The Three Swords magazine has quoted Ambassador Vershbow consistently in every issue since 2012 via NATO's online "Newsroom", where one can check out the full rundown of everything about our Alliance. In our fast-changing world it is important to document NATO's unique story; and, unbeknownst to Ambas- sador Vershbow, he has always inspired us in producing this magazine and charting a course; his opinion pieces rank among our most influential ones. -
Burden Sharing New Commitments in a New
DEFENCE AND SECURITY COMMITTEE (DSC) Sub-Committee on Transatlantic Defence and Security Cooperation (DSCTC) BURDEN SHARING: NEW COMMITMENTS IN A NEW ERA Report by Attila MESTERHAZY (Hungary) Rapporteur 170 DSCTC 18 E rev 1 fin| Original: English | 17 November 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. BURDEN SHARING DEFINED AND IN CONTEXT ............................................................... 1 III. BURDEN SHARING AS A PERENNIAL CHALLENGE IN NATO ........................................... 2 A. WHY THEN THE 2% GUIDELINE? .............................................................................. 2 B. TOWARD THE WALES 2014 JOINT 2% COMMITMENT ............................................. 3 IV. THE 2% DEBATE: LIMITATIONS AND BENEFITS ............................................................... 4 A. DEFENCE SPENDING DEFINED AND CRITICISED ................................................... 4 B. IS 2% VALID FOR ALL? ............................................................................................... 4 C. WHAT ABOUT RISK?................................................................................................... 4 D. INPUTS, OUTPUTS OR BOTH? .................................................................................. 5 V. WARSAW DOUBLES DOWN ON ADAPTATION INCREASING PRESSURE ON THE 2% ... 5 A. RECENT US VIEWS ON BURDEN SHARING ............................................................. 6 B. RHETORIC VERSUS REALITY – THE RENEWED US COMMITMENT TO EUROPEAN SECURITY .................................................................................................................. -
The Making of the 2016 White Paper: Incorporating Society As a Whole
The Making of the 2016 White Paper: Incorporating Society as a Whole Sebastian Maier August 1, 2016 The “2016 White Paper on German Security Policy and the Future of the Bundeswehr” is the most imperative recent document to lay out the Germany’s principles and tools in shaping security policy at large. It discusses key elements of security policy, describes the international security environment, identifies strategic priorities, and points out areas of engagement in which Germany has the opportuni- ty to shape policy. On first read, the paper´s most noticeable strength is the depth in which it explores its many concerns, from traditional policy power plays to the topical challenges of mass migration and climate change. The paper also bears testi- mony to the government´s clearly articulated commitment to a strategy that draws from all segments of society: domestic and international pundits, as well as consultants from both inside and outside the government, participated in drafting and shaping the document. This comprehensive approach to poli- cymaking is in keeping with, and a step forward from, the German Federal Foreign Office´s “Review 2014,” a project that used a socially integrated approach to foreign policy strategy and analysis. The timing of the White Paper coincides with the German parliament’s summer break, sheltering the document somewhat from immediate public scrutiny. It was enacted by the government on July 13, 2016, shortly after NATO’s 2016 Warsaw Summit: it is worth remarking that in the days leading up to the summit, General Secretary Jens Stoltenberg was outspoken in his public remarks on NATO’s antipodes. -
NATO Partnerships and the Arab Spring: Achievements and Perspectives for the 2012 Chicago Summit by Isabelle François
TRANSATLANTIC PERSPECTIVES 1 NATO Partnerships and the Arab Spring: Achievements and Perspectives for the 2012 Chicago Summit by Isabelle François Center for Transatlantic Security Studies Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Center for Transatlantic Security Studies Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Center for Transatlantic Security Studies (CTSS) serves as a national and international focal point and resource center for multi- disciplinary research on issues relating to transatlantic security. The Center provides recommendations to senior U.S. and inter- national government and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) officials, publishes its research, and conducts a broad range of out- reach activities to inform the broader U.S. national and transatlantic security community. CTSS develops and conducts education and orientation programs for U.S. and allied military officers, government civilians, and interna- tional partners on issues relating to NATO and transatlantic security and defense. In partnership with both U.S. and international govern- ments and with academic and private sector institutions engaged in transatlantic security issues, the Center builds robust and mutually beneficial relationships. Cover: Chicago Skyline from Lake Michigan Photo by Esben Ehrenskjold NATO Partnerships and the Arab Spring: Achievements and Perspectives for the 2012 Chicago Summit NATO Partnerships and the Arab Spring: Achievements and Perspectives for the 2012 Chicago Summit By Isabelle François Center for Transatlantic Security Studies Institute for National Strategic Studies Transatlantic Perspectives, No. 1 National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. December 2011 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government. -
Info Document on Nato Summit
214 SESA 18 E Original: English Annual Session KEY OUTCOMES OF THE SUMMIT OF NATO HEADS OF STATE AND GOVERNMENT HELD IN BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, ON 11-12 JULY 2018 Information document www.nato-pa.int October 2018 214 SESA 18 E TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1 II. NATO’S MISSION & VALUES .............................................................................. 2 III. THREAT ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................... 3 IV. PRIORITIES ......................................................................................................... 3 A. BURDEN SHARING ............................................................................................. 3 B. DETERRENCE AND COLLECTIVE DEFENCE, AND RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA ................................................................................................................ 7 1. Relations with Russia ........................................................................................... 7 2. Collective Defence and Deterrence ...................................................................... 7 C. PROJECTING STABILITY AND COMBATTING TERRORISM .......................... 10 D. MODERNISING THE ALLIANCE ....................................................................... 11 E. NATO-EU COOPERATION ................................................................................ 12 V. 70TH ANNIVERSARY AND 2019 ....................................................................... -
NATO and Trump the Case for a New Transatlantic Bargain
NATO and Trump The Case for a New Transatlantic Bargain By Fabrice Pothier and Alexander Vershbow NATO and Trump The Case for a New Transatlantic Bargain By Fabrice Pothier and Alexander Vershbow ISBN: 978-1-61977-400-1 Cover photo: Staff Sgt. Keith Anderson/Wikimedia. Closing Ceremonies for NATO Exercise Iron Sword in Lithuania on November 13, 2014, involving more than 2,500 troops from nine NATO countries. This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The authors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. June 2017 – Second edition CONTENTS NATO’s Enduring Relevance .................................................... 3 The 2 Percent Ticket to Ride .................................................... 4 European Security Reloaded .................................................... 8 For a More Operational Role in the Middle East ...............12 The Art of Continuous Reform ...............................................14 Conclusion ......................................................................................15 NATO and Trump: The Case for a New Transatlantic Bargain ven before his inauguration, President Donald Trump shook the foundations of NATO more than any of his predecessors. Then candidate Trump’s state- Ements about the unfair fiscal burden carried by the United States compared with its European allies were nothing fundamentally new in NATO’s nearly sev- en-decade history. However, his argument that NATO was “obsolete”1 because it was not doing enough to fight terrorism caused puzzlement in European capitals, given NATO’s fifteen-year involvement in Afghanistan. Of even greater concern, however, was his apparent readiness to make conditional the holiest of holies, the US commitment under Article 5 of NATO’s founding treaty to come to the defense of any ally that comes under attack.