Improvement of access to drinking water and sanitation in schools in the region of Kara - TOGO

Request for co-funding

October 2012

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Contents

List of abbreviations ...... 3

INTRODUCTION ...... 4

A) PRESENTATION OF THE AREA OF INTERVENTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 5 1) Presentation and analysis of the context of the area ...... 5 2) Requirements and problems to be solved ...... 6

B) ORGANISATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 7 1)Implementation methods ...... 7 2)Presentation of the different players ...... 7 3)Purpose of the programme ...... 8 4)Beneficiaries of the project ...... 8 5) Intervention strategy ...... 9

C) DETAILED PRESENTATION OF THE PROJECT ...... 9 1) Aims ...... 9 2) Activities to be implemented ...... 9 3) Resources used ...... 16 4) Monitoring – evaluation ...... 16

D) BUDGET ...... 17 1) Projected expenditure ...... 17 2) Projected resources

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List of abbreviations

DRHV : Regional directorate of village hydraulics GRAAP: Research and backup group for self-promotion of populations IDH : Index of human development OCDI: Charity organisation for integral development PAM: World food programme PEP: Drinking water station PIB: Gross industrial product PNUD: United Nations programme for development UE: European Union and UNICEF: United Nations of International Children's Emergency Fund

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INTRODUCTION

A) Requesting party

Full title : SECOURS CATHOLIQUE- CARITAS France / Réseau Mondial Caritas

Adress : 106 Rue du Bac - 75341 PARIS cedex 07

Contact : Mademoiselle Gilliane SEIFFERT

Function: Responsible for Africa co-funding Co-funding Department International action and advocacy dept

E-mail : [email protected]

Telephone: 01.45.49.75.61

B) Project title and location

Improvement of the access to drinking water and sanitation in schools in the Kara region of- TOGO

C) Budget for the action

Estimated total cost of the action Estimated sum of the subsidy % Of the total cost of requested from the CIF the action 210 000 € 99 126 € 47 % Other financers acquired with total Secours Catholique- 15 900 € amount and dates of availability of Local population and - 3 050 € funding Other financers envisaged and Fonds Suez Environnement Initiatives progress of the approaches made 50 000 € (Request to be submitted) Fondation Caritas France 41 923 € (Agreement in principle if subsidy from 6th WWF And/or Suez Environment)

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A) PRESENTATION OF THE AREA OF INTERVENTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT

1)Presentation and analysis of the context of the area

1.1 Situation of the country

Togo covers an area of an 56785 km 2. It is bordered to the south by the Atlantic Ocean. It is limited by Burkina Faso to the North, Ghana to the West, and Benin to the East. Some 40% of its land is agricultural but only 6.5% is really cultivated. Togo has an intertropical climate wet and hot. Owing to its spread in latitude it has two climatic regimes: to the south the climate is equatorial with two rainy seasons (the major rainy season is from March /April to July and the minor season is from September to November) and 2 dry seasons (the major dry season is from the end of November to March and the minor dry season and from August to September). Annual rainfall is on average 800 to 1,000 mm. In the North in the Sahel area where the project is located, the climate is tropical with a single rainy season (from May to October) and a single dry season (from November to April). In this region problems of access to water are more frequent.

From the economic point of view, Togo is not very industrialised and the population gains its living mainly from agriculture, It benefits from fairly varied Agro ecological conditions which enables a variety of crops to be grown both subsistence crops and income crops. It is strongly oriented towards vegetable crops (64% of sectoral GIP l) : manioc, igname, maize, vegetables meal sorgho as well as palm oil.. Cattle breeding comes second (15%), followed by income crops (10%).. The main export crops (Coton, coffee, and cocoa) represent 27% of export income for the state. Togo globally provides its own food with the exception of rice and wheat which it is obliged to import. .

From the political point of view, the Republic of Togo was governed from 1967 until his death at the start of 2005 by General Eyadema, who installed a single party until the 1990s and who maintained an authoritarian regime under the cover of an apparently pluralistic constitution. His son Faure Gnassingbé, originally self designated, was elected President in April 2005 under highly disputed conditions;. These events generated incidents which were suppressed in a bloody fashion. In August 2005, the political parties and representatives of civilian society signed a « global political agreement « which aimed to put an end to the violence which had been tearing the country apart for more than 10 years. More recently, the re-election of Faure Gnassingbé in March 2010 at the end of an electoral process marked by irregularities continues to be strongly contested by the opposition.

From a demographic point of view, in 2009, the total population of Togo was estimated by the World Bank at 6.6 million inhabitants 34% of which live in urban areas and 66% of which in rural areas. The capital is Lomé (796.416 inhabitants), and the main towns Sokodé (123 029 inhabitants), Kara (109 287 inhabitants), Kpalimé (101 088 inhabitants), Atakpamé (84 979 inhabitants), estimations made in 2006. Th annual rate of population growth is 2.4% and the density of population is 80 to 100 inhabitants per square kilometre.

From the point of view of primary education, the net percentage of children in full-time education (87% in 2008) is one of the best in the West African sub region. The main indicators of human development identified by the PNUD en 2010 are as follows: - literacy rate of adults : 53,2 % in 2010 - life expectancy : 63 years - Gross percentage of children in full-time education combined for primary and secondary and higher education : 62 % - GIP real adjusted per inhabitant : 1410 $ With respect to these indicators, the human development index places Togo 139th out of 169 countries (i.e. an HDI of 0,428) that is to say among the countries with low human development.

Concerning access to drinking water; according to EU data that is to say non-updated 2009 official figures, 61 % of Togolese do not have access to drinking water, 70% of the population living in rural areas don't have access whereas in urban areas the access rate is 39%. Moreover 69% of Togolese not have access to latrines: in rural areas this figure is 90%

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1.2 The region of Kara

Togo is divided into five economic regions: Maritime to the south, the Plateaux centre, Kara and Savanes. The project intervention area is located in the North in the economic region of Kara which is Soudan Sahel by nature with a single rainy season from June to November.

The population of this region is approximately 650,000 persons composed of several ethnic groups and different religious faiths (Christians, Muslims, animists). This region is the cradle of the dominant ethnic group the Kabyés, which is that of the previous and current head of state. This procures it certain advantages. . The group is known as « the rock farmers » as they're capable of practising agriculture in rocky terrain.

Cotton which was largely cultivated in the region is now abandoned. The farmers were paid for their production two years in arrears and the raw materials reached exorbitant prices. Although the SOTOCO (Togolese Coton Company) is now moribund, the farmers in the region continue nevertheless to use cattle for ploughing which was introduced by the state company 20 years ago. In the place of cotton they grow groundnuts, and sesame and anacardier Market gardening is very widespread around Kara, including for sale in Lomé. The area of Bassar traditionally cultivates yams.

In spite of the general poverty and the vulnerability of part of the population and as elsewhere across the country, many villages have organised a « local initiative » school or college These establishments are often installed in precarious buildings in which teachers, paid for by the families of the schoolchildren reinforce the insufficient number of state teachers. These state teachers receive a salary of the order of 45 000 CFA per month or 68, 60 Euros. The non-state teachers hold Masters Degrees. They receive 20 to 25 000 CFA per month or 30, 5 to 38 Euros per month, paid for by the parents subscriptions. In addition, the schoolchildren provide them with water and wood and hoe their fields Catholic teaching, subsidised by the State, experiences the same difficulties.

Little is known about the water resources of the region of Kara. The only document available on the subject is a map, drawn up by Technic – Eau, the drilling company which works with the OCDI. It is written for specialised technicians capable of interpreting it and has no explanatory notes. The Regional Directorate of Village Hydraulics (DRHV) which has produced nothing similar, is happy to use it. It nevertheless has drilling equipment..

The drilling operations carried out around the town of Kara have yielded only a small flow rate.So the town is supplied with water by gravity flow from a dam located some 15 kilometers away. This dam also serves the towns of Niamtougou, Pagouda and Siou. Kara has been lit by mains electricity for two years. Previously electricity was produced by generators. .

2) Requirements and problems to be solved

The region of Kara is characterised by leached, eroded and very poor soils with a deep water table . The water is obtained by infiltration through a cracked rocky base. In addition with only one rainy season and very high demographic pressure access to drinking water in particular cottages one of the major obstacles to development .. The Kara OCDI a partner association with the Secours Catholique, responsible for the programming and implementation of this project has made a priority of this problem. In order to solve it, it carries out drilling with hand pumps ( more than 80 boreholes over the last 15 years) but this is insufficient with respect to the requirements expressed by the villagers.

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In the field of education, the satisfactory level of school attendance has for a long time been the result of the high involvement of families in primary school funding. However, this should not mask a certain number of problems. The lack of infrastructures (classrooms, toilets, water hygiene and school canteens), coupled with the low income of the families, still constitutes a block to school attendance and the capacity of the children to follow the classes. The requirements of the children in school in the region can be listed as follows: - the need for access to a drinking water supply throughout the school year - the improvement of cleanliness within the school - presence of latrines within the school, which will also encourage girls to come to school

The project therefore attempts to respond to the expectations of the teaching establishments in the region which do not yet have drinking water with special attention to questions of hygiene and sanitation. Also the installation of boreholes fitted with pumps in schools will systematically accompany the construction of latrines.

B) ORGANISATION OF THE PROJECT

1) Methods of project implementation

The Togolese Association responsible for the design and implementation of the project is the OCDI (charity organisation for integral development) of Kara created in 1995 in the diocese of Kara for the implementation of social actions and the development of the diocese. In this case it plays the role of project manager. The client for each installation is represented by the benefiting school. The Kara OCDI is an autonomous regional office of the national OCDI which forms part of the Caritas network and whose national secretariat is based in Lomé. . It has the methodological and financial support of Secours Catholique/Caritas France.

2 ) Presentation of the different players

2.1 Kara ’OCDI

The Kara OCDI de Kara, the partner of Secours Catholique since its creation in 1995, implements development programmes in the fields of access to drinking water and reinforcement of the rural environment. It collaborates with other members of NGOs such as Misereor (German association), Secours Catholique, Manos Unidas (Spanish association) for the implementation of programmes designed for rural populations. The Kara OCDI carried out a regional survey in 1998 following which it made access to water its main priority, confirming an orientation which was already part of its concerns.

Its other priorities are health, suppliers, education and micro-credits. ° In the field of health, since the official national body cannot respond the Kara and Dapaong OCDI have their own purchasing centre for generic medicines. Each organisation manages its pharmaceutical depot and sells wholesale to dispensaries. The Kara OCDI de Kara organises the training and recycling of health agents for the 12 dispensaries and five health centres in the diocese which it manages. It also provides training as part of an anti-Aids programme. It has moreover participated in a joint UNICEF and PAM nutritional program which closed in September 2010 The Kara also distributes food from the PAM. It has a four ton lorry. ° In the field of education, the Kara’OCDI builds primary schools for at least 300 children. The salaries of the teachers are provided by the villagers. In each case the agreement of the authorities is obtained. ° Moreover, the Kara OCDI monitors a programme for agricultural workers funded by Misereor (support to producers by improvement of agricultural and marketing techniques ) and supports community initiatives by the granting of credits to 11 groups of women over the last 15 years

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2.2 The Secours Catholique-Caritas France

The Secours Catholique is a solidarity association created in 1946. Its purpose is to “provide wherever required, excluding any national or religious considerations, any help whether direct or indirect moral or material regardless of the philosophical or religious options of the beneficiaries” ». Present on all continents throughout the network of Caritas, le Secours Catholique - Caritas France provides each year support to approximately 500 international operations with support to disadvantaged populations. On the ground, emergency aid programs attempt to provide the human and physical resources (food aid, medical and psychological aid) as a backup to local partners. Following the emergency, mobilisation continues with the implementation of targeted actions designed to involve the beneficiaries who become players in their own developmen. The partnership between Secours Catholique – Caritas France and the KaraOCDI has been in place for over 15 years Apart from financial support it takes the form of: - Methodological backup for the programming and implementation of development projects more particularly oriented towards rural development - Project monitoring missions at least once per year - Involvement with other partners of Secours Catholique to implement hydraulic programs in several sub Saharan African countries , - Advocacy actions in Europe in order to sensitise politicians and public opinion on the political situation of the country.

2.3 The regional directorate of village hydraulics (DRHV)

The Regional Directorate of Village Hydraulics is the authority responsible for water in the region of Kara. It provides authorisations for work on site, formulates technical recommendations and ensures supervision of the work. Since the 1990s when cooperation with Togo was cut off for political reasons the state institutions have had difficulty operating. The structures exist but the financial support is often lacking and do not enable them to fully play their role. The DRHV (regional directorate of village hydraulics) however is a reference point and ensures the role of coordination of hydraulic and sanitation programmes within its geographical perimeter The OCDI has regular exchanges with the Regional director. It also provides him with data concerning the water points which have been installed in the region which are recorded in a register managed by the Regional directorate of hydraulics.

3) Purpose of the programme

The programme for improvement of access to drinking water and sanitation in schools in the region of Kara aims to improve the conditions of entry of children to school by enabling them to consume drinking water throughout the year and to benefit from a healthy environment thanks to the construction of latrines

4) Beneficiaries of the project

Target group: this group is composed of the children in 10 primary schools concerned by the project all located within a radius of 130 km around Kara

Direct beneficiaries: the 2500 pupils in the 10 schools chosen to which must be added the teachers and their families as well as the villages around the school, making approximately 4500 persons

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5) Intervention strategy

As part of an approach which favours the endogenous, participatory and self-promotion development process the OCDI enables those schools which so request to acquire and manage the equipment and infrastructure necessary to provide drinking water and a clean environment within the school. The beneficiaries contribute financially and materially to the project. Each school participates financially by paying 100.000 F CFA to the Kara OCDI for the complete installation (1 borehole and 1 latrine block). It also provides the land for the borehole. The procedures required to constitute a fund for the maintenance of the structure for a total of 50 000 F CFA begin when the programme is in progress. The school, through a management committee, ensures the lifetime of the equipment. The management committee composed of teachers and pupils (6/7 persons per committee), deals with the borehole, the pump and the toilets. Basic hygiene education and training of users concerning the conditions of water use are an integral part of the project.

The strategy conforms to the national water and sanitation policy as it is based on: ‹ a request from the beneficiaries ‹ a participatory approach based on the involvement, take up and autonomisation of the beneficiaries ‹ involvement of the Regional directorate of hydraulics

C) DETAILED PRESENTATION OF THE PROJECT

1) Aims

Overall aim : to improve the living conditions of the pupils, the teachers and the villagers around the schools in the region of Kara .

Specific aim : to improve the sanitation situation of the pupils teachers and villagers by improved access to water within the school and better hygiene around the water point.

These aims will be achieved thanks to the following expected results:

V R1. Access to water and sanitation in 10 schools in the rural area of Kara is improved Objectively verifiable indicators: 10 bore holes (one per school) with hand pumps and 10 latrines (1 latrine block per school) are built in 10 schools in the region of Kara V R2. Basic practices and rules of hygiene are improved around water points and sanitation infrastructures and in the home Objectively verifiable indicators. 60% of the 4500 persons trained in hygiene and sanitation rules put into practice healthy hygiene rules around water points and latrine.

V R3. The hydraulic and sanitation structures are maintained and managed in sustainable fashion by the beneficiary populations V objectively verifiable indicators. 100% of the structures installed are operating and maintained at the end of the project

This project will be carried out over a period of one year (6 six months for the structures and training and six months for follow-up by management committees).

2) Activities to be implemented

The 10 schools concerned by the borehole and latrine operations asked the OCDI to install this equipment but also to look after it. The criteria of choice of schools were as follows: • schools lacking drinking water as they are located in villages without boreholes

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• Schools which accept the following conditions : subscription 100 000 FCFA, constitution of a maintenance fund for the pump and the latrines for a total of 50 000 FCFA, creation of a borehole management committee, maintenance of cleanliness around the borehole.

The maintenance fund will be supplied by part of the costs of schooling paid by the children. For information, these school costs amount to 1.500 F CFA/per child per year in rural areas

List of primary schools benefiting from the programme

N° Nom de l’école Garçons Filles Tota l Forage Bloc de latrines 01 Bohou C 112 106 218 X X 02 Bohou A 168 159 327 X X 03 Défalé 80 81 161 X X 04 Kabou 163 158 321 X X 05 Kawa 108 89 197 X X 06 Bohou haut 67 61 128 X X 07 Soumdina Tchoo 100 88 188 X X 08 Bassar 161 157 318 X X 09 Elimd é 175 154 329 X X 10 Siounda 170 150 320 X X TOTAL 1304 1203 2507 10 10

2.1 Drill 10 boreholes

The project leader (leader – trainer) from OCDI organises visits to the village concerned before the start of work in order to meet the head of the village and the population living around the school. These visits serve to explain to them the role of the OCDI as well as their own role during the installation work and then later for maintenance of the structures once completed. The OCDI identifies the drilling company and one or more bricklayers capable of carrying out the work. Geophysical trials are then carried out in order to determine the location of the water. After this stage the surroundings of the site are prepared and construction materials brought to site: The OCDI purchases the materials that are not available on the spot (cement, pipes etc.) And the beneficiaries supply sand, gravel, water et cetera… They also carry out certain tasks without payment such as transport the site of materials, cleaning around the site preparation and clear up work.

The OCDI users a local company, Technic-Eau, which specialise in the field of drilling. It is the only one in Togo to accept not to be paid for unsuccessful bore holes and to use the hydro-fracturing technique which enables the rock around the borehole to be fractured in order to increase the flowrate. In general the drilling also includes installation last for one day and the whole of the works do not take more than one week.

A day worker will construct the rim wall of a diameter of 2.7 m and then the protection wall around the l borehole in accordance with the standards laid down by the Village hydraulics directorate. . This brick work also includes installation of a visibility panel installed on each borehole. Finally a team of planners will install the pump..

Technical characteristics of the borehole Most boreholes are between 60 and 85 m deep. The installation comprises a German-made hand pump (Pumpenboese pb-mark II) at the foot of

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which is a concrete slab with a drain for overflow water. This water is sent by canal to a drinking trough. The pump is generally installed at between 15 and 40 m depending on the depth of the water table but depending on its technical characteristics it can be installed at up to 52 m depth

It's flow rate is around 0,8 to 1,2 m 3 / hour, which covers the water requirements of the school. This equipment does not require any particular technical expertise and is suited to local conditions.

Cross section of a borehole Breakdown of the surface equipment and it's pump2.2 La constr

2.2 Building 10 School latrines

Each latrine block is composed of 8 cabins. The company makes 8 holes before constructing the toilet cabins. The holes are cemented and rendered and then covered by a slab with a hole in it. Then the walls of the cabins are erected. The latrine construction work lasts more than eight weeks

4 holes are in use and the others remain closed. When the first 4 are full they are hermetically sealed for a period of between 18 and 24 months. During this time the dry waste becomes powdery . Once the closure period is over the holes are opened and the dry waste is taken out to be used as fertiliser in the fields. After having been cleaned the 4 holes are used again and the 4 others are closed.

Maintenance of the latrines forms part of the normal regular activities of schools in which latrines are installed. The schools use part of the maintenance fund for this activity.

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2.3 train 2500 pupils, their families and teachers in the practice of basic hygiene rules

Awareness programs are provided by the OCDI. Team leaders accompanied by a team leader from the la DRHV cover several sessions. The sessions deal with pollution factors and the rules of hygiene to be adopted. The aim is to insist on the following points:: ° the protection of water during his collection it's conservation and its use ° the washing of hands after having been to the toilets before eating and handling food ° the evacuation of faecal matter by the proper use and maintenance of the latrines

The documents used by the team leaders are based on images of the GRAAP method (research and backup group for self-promotion of populations based in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso). This is a participatory method which aims to: - Set up a dialogue with a group which is part of a village community on a theme concerning development, environment, agricultural, health, etc... ; - make the participants aware of a set of themes linked to development - encourage their expression for the identification and analysis of the problems raised - Facilitate the proposal of solutions and decision-making on the actions to be taken as well as the commitment of participants to the programming of activities.

This method involves the use of illustrated charts adapted to the context of the surroundings and the recourse to trainers trained in the methodology and the animation of groups of children and adults .

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The themes discussed in the classes are as follows: the importance of drinking water, the reasons for the extraction of borehole water, how to manage a borehole, how to keep the pump house in a proper state, how to maintain cleanliness around the borehole, the illnesses linked to dirty water, the use of a sump device and storage of water enabling reduction of infection around the drinking water station. This equipment is fitted with a tap which enables a water to be drawn off directly for consumption without any contact with hands or dirty recipients which may soil the water tank. During this training session, images and drawings of the drinking water station illustrate the importance of this equipment.

2.4 Backup for the management committees created in each school in order to ensure the lifetime of the structures

So as to ensure the lifetime of the structures, the OCDI team leader provides backup to the school for the creation and operation of a management committee. This committee is responsible for maintenance of the surroundings of the pump and the carrying out of minor repair works if necessary.. Maintenance of the pump consists essentially of ensuring its lubrication and the cleaning of the cemented area around it as well as ensuring the regular cleaning and weeding of the surroundings of the pump. Training sessions are given on the role of the committee in the field of cleanliness and use of the structure, on the efficiency of the method for collecting subscriptions and maintenance of the pump. The sums intended for maintenance of the pump (maintenance fund) are placed in a savings account when possible otherwise they are kept by the management committee. They are used to cover the expenses of maintenance and repair which, if they are carried out regularly considerably extend the lifetime of the installations. Training also includes the keeping of a subscriptions book. In fact there are two books in each school, one for the subscriptions and the other for the expenditures and income.

Backup to the management committees is also based on the constitution of small stocks of spare parts and information concerning collaboration with repair firms. Therefore the repair procedure in the event of an incident involving the pump is quite considerable The OCDI explains the steps to be taken if the pump breaks down

In the event of failure of the pump the management committee calls in a repair company. The address of the nearest repair company is given by the OCDI and the DRHV team leaders with the tariffs for the

13 different types of repair. A list of an these companies was drawn up 10 years ago by the Department of hydraulic services and is given to members of the management committees concerning the fees of repair companies and including indications as to costs of their services and callout fees

The DRHV have trained maintenance agents distributed throughout the region of Kara and has supplied them with toolboxes.. They also have a small stock of spare parts. These agents are Private and should respond as appropriate to the requests made by villagers. They are generally mechanics.

If a pump fails the recommended procedure is as follows: the repair firm is contacted immediately and establishes a diagnosis. In order to do this the beneficiaries help him to extract the body of the pump and the agent then identifies the faulty part. He gives an estimate of the cost of the new part and the amount charged for his services. Then a member of the committee accompanies the repairer to the supplier to purchase a new part. There is a large spare parts warehouse in Kara. On his return the faulty part is replaced by the repairer. The beneficiaries helping to replace the pump The cost of the operation varies between 1 000 and 10 000Fr CFA.

In order to reinforce the new management committees created in the schools the project provides for exchanges of experience between these committees and management committees formed for previous projects so they can exchange their experience and talk about their successes and the difficulties. There are many subjects and themes which can provide material for these exchanges such as the practices of water hygiene, methods for providing funds, the recovery of subscriptions, repairs, the use of water as part of revenue generating activities, the basis of bylaws and recourse to a savings bank…

2.5 Follow-up of work carried out and management committees

During the year which follows the installation and equipping of the boreholes, the OCDI organises follow-up activities every quarter (four times per year ) by visiting the benefiting school. It does the same thing for follow-up of latrines. During these visits the team leader meets the management committee and the director of the school. These monitoring visits last for one year only in order to encourage the autonomy of the committees.

In the event of a serious problem with the school the secretary general of the OCDI goes to the site to analyse the situation and find a solution

The monitoring tool used is a register which identifies the following elements: - Constitution of the management committee with the names of the members - Number of families and beneficiaries - System of subscription for the initial contribution and the maintenance fund

In addition, a descriptive note is also drawn up for each site by the drilling company so as to conserve all the technical characteristics for any future intervention (see technical specification sheet below).

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This project has the advantage of presenting few risks because the Kara OCDI has acquired real expertise in the field of drilling, team leadership training and monitoring of management committees as well as the awareness promotion of beneficiaries given its previous programs. An external evaluation carried out in October 2008 on its latest programme moreover confirmed these points and was very positive.

The methods used, which comply with those described in the initial project, adapted to the actions to be taken and to their context were shown to be pertinent. Among other results we would quote: response to requests from village leaders, the organisation and training of management committees the accountability of beneficiaries and their participation both financial and in the form of locally available materials technical work given to contractors and competent tradesmen which were carried out strictly according to plan; a system of management for the installations under the responsibility of the users in which procedures allow for local initiatives ; awareness creation tools, project leadership, training and monitoring, compliant with the socio-economic situation and the environment… These 15 methods, which have been tried and tested in previous programs implemented by the OCDI, have achieved the results expected without any waste of resources.

3) Resources used

The OCDI subcontracts the execution of the work to different companies and tradesmen

3.1 Human resources

- Project management : the secretary general of the OCDI - Geophysical study: 4 persons from the company Technic eau, 1 from OCDI (1 day per borehole). - Drilling team Foreuse : 1 from the OCDI and 7 from the company Technic eau (work on drilling represents one day per structure ) - Team leaders : 1 from OCDI, 1 from the village hydraulics paid for by OCDI - Rim wall : 4 persons from the company Agbeko (4 days for construction of the rim wall per borehole ) - Installation of the pump: A team of 8 persons (6 persons from the plumbing company + SG from OCDI+ 1 team leader from OCDI). 2 installations per day (which represents five days in all for the 10 boreholes )

3.2 Material resources

1. A truck from the drilling company for the geophysical trials. The two sets of equipment for the geophysical study, the posts, a GPS appliance, electrical wire Société Technic eau 2. A truck mounted drilling machine a second tanker truck, a van, a measurement chronometer a notebook a decametre et cetera Société Technic eau 3. For the rim wall: a truck carrying sand, gravel and cement, a truck for the transport of workers . Entreprise Agbéko. 4. Installation of the pump: 1 fixing frame, 10 galvanised pipes 3mx33/42, 10 frames, adhesive, sealant thread. The complete pump, plumbers equipment a six seater van for transporting the workers, another car for transporting material. Entirely provided by the OCDI except for the plumbers equipment which belongs to the company GAULE 5. Office equipment from OCDI : computer, Internet, paper, ink cartridge, camera , 6. Other material resources from OCDI: 2 motorbikes for the team leaders (1 motorbike from OCDI and the other motorbike for the team leader of the Village hydraulics from the OCDI), team leader material, notebooks for the drilling management committees etc. The secretary general uses the OCDI car at all times during execution of the programme in order to monitor the work.

3.3Financial resources

See budget below

4) Monitoring – evaluation

Apart from the proximity monitoring carried out by teams from the OCDI and the team leader from the Regional village hydraulics directorate the following activities are scheduled: - a final external audit - a Secours Catholique monitoring mission - Evaluation with a local expert at the end of the project.

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D) BUDGET

1) Projected expenditure

Total expenditure on the project amounts to 210 000 €

2) Projected resources

The projected resources can be broken down as follows:

% Secours Catholique - Caritas France 15 900 € 8% Obtained Local population 3 050 € 1% Obtained IC of the 6th World Water Forum 99 126 € 47% Requested Fonds Suez Environnement Initiatives 50 000 € 24% Request to be submitted Agreement in principle if subsidy from 6th WWF Fondation Caritas France 41 923 € 20% And/or Suez Environment TOTAL 210 000 € 100%

See total projected budget presented on the following page

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Total projected budget

expenditure (Euros) resources (Euros) local Suez Fondation local Secours headings sub headings Unit PU (CFA) PU (€) quantity Total (€) financial CIF Environneme caritas Total (€) iunput Catholique N° input nt France 1 Infrastructures 1.1 real estate investment tooling 1.2 technical investment LP pumps 1 225 000 1 868 10 18 675 9 338 9 337 18 675 spare parts 1.3 supplies other construction of boreholes 4 700 000 7 165 10 71 651 762 2 288 34 301 34 301 71 651 construction of rim walls 750 000 1 143 10 11 434 5 717 5 717 11 434 notice boards (site) 50 000 76 10 762 762 762 1,4 works construction of school latrine blocks 5 500 000 8 385 10 83 847 41 923 41 923 83 847 sub total 1 186 369 762 2 288 762 91 279 49 354 41 923 186 369 2 accompaniment of the infrastructures training and awareness 10 003 15,25 40 610 610 610 4 visits per school = 40 visits 2.1 training training of management committees 10 003 15,25 20 305 305 305 2 visits per school 2.2 Teaching equipment 2.3 books, documentation etc.. 2.4 ancillary accompanying measures exchange visits between management committees 50 000 76,22 10 762 762 762 sub total 2 1 677 1 677 1 677 3 Project implementation 3.1 vehicles user costs (fuel) 179 20 3 580 3 580 3 580 3.2 project management by OCDI communication costs, office equipment 1 296 1 296 1 296 3.3 technical monitoring of works monitoring by Regional hydraulics directorate 50 000 76,2 10 762 762 762 staff salaries (OCDI tealm leader) 3.4 local staff half time DRHV contractual team leader 600 000 915 915 915 project manager 3.5 short duratioin missions by the requestor Secours Catholique monitoring mission 1 2000 1 2 000 2 000 2 000 annual external audit 1 2500 1 2 500 2 500 2 500 3.6 other short duration missions final evaluation (last year) 1 5 000 5 000 5 000 sub total 3 16 053 15 138 915 16 053 TOTAL A 204 099 204 099 4 other costs 4.1 administrative costs 3 % of direct costs 1 5 901 5 255 646 5 901 TOTAL 210 000 762 2 288 15 900 99 126 50 000 41 923 210 000

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