Mapping Armillaria species and genet distribution in the inland northwestern United States J.W. HANNA (1,2), N.B. Klopfenstein (1), M.-S. Kim (1), G.I. McDonald (1), J.A. Moore (2) (1)USDA Forest Service-RMRS, Moscow, ID 83843; (2) Dept. of Forest Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
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D plot corners Huckleberry Creek - Study Site D plot centers ´ Intermountain Forest Tree Nutrition Co-op (! Genet 1 NABS I A.ostoyae (! Genet 2 NABS X (! Genet 3 NABS III,V,VII complex (! Abies Grandis / Clintonia uniflora - Physocarpus malvaceus phase Genet 4 NABS III,V,VII complex Plot 14 D 300N & 200K2SO4 Grand fir / queen cup beadlily - ninebark phase [_ Barkfan on dead tree [ Barkfan on live tree (active pathogen) [ (!(! D (! !( (!D (![_D (![ Plot 13 (!D D D D Plot 1 Control (! 512.1N & 290.2K (! !( (![_ D (! (! D D (![_ (! D D Plot 5 !( !(D D (!(! !( D D D 600N & 170K ![_(! D Plot 3 ( D D (! Plot 8 (! (![_ 300N & 170K !( D (!(! 300N & 340K !( D D (! D (! D (! (! Abies Grandis / Spiraea betulifolia D D ! D D [_(! (D D (! D Grand fir / spiraea !( Plot 6 D D 512.1N & 49.8K (![_ (! D (! D D ![ ! D ( ( D D (!(! D [_ (! D !( (!D (! D D D (! Plot 11 Plot 2 D(! 300N & 170K (! 300N & 170K D ![ D (![( D D D D D D D D D D !( D D (![ Plot 7 (! (! Plot 12 (!(![(! (!!( (! 300N & 0K (! [_ Plot 4 87.9N & 290.2K D [ D D(! (! ! D Plot 9 (! 300N & 170K ( Plot 10 !( 87.9N & 290.2K (![_ D (! 0N & 170K D D D
Abies Grandis / Physocarpus malvaceus - Physocarpus malvaceus phase Grand fir / ninebark phase - ninebark phase
0140 280 560 Meters
1 inch equals 61.886223 meters
Pathogenicity appears to differ by Armillaria species. On these sites, the majority of pathogenic fans on live trees were caused by Armillaria ostoyae (North American Biological Species I), while the other Armillaria species showed little or no pathogenic activity.
(!D Plot 11 D (! (!(!D 300N & 0K (![(! D ´ D Soldier Creek - Study Site D D(! Intermountain Forest Tree Nutrition Co-op (!D D (!D Plot 10 300N & 0K Photo: J.W. Hanna Tsuga heterophylla / Asarum caudatum western hemlock / wild ginger D D Plot corners (! Plot 9 D !(! Above: The heterogeneous nature of Armillaria species [(!(D 200N & 0K [ Bark fans live trees (![(! D D distributions and their interactions with the (! NABS X Plot 7 D Control (! D environment create a network of patchy openings. !( (! !( D NABS X - III-V-VII Hybrid (![(D Plot 8 D !((! (! D 100N & 0K (! D (! NABS I D D (! (! D D Below: Close-up of an Armillaria fruiting body as seen [(! D D(! (! (!(! D 070 140 280 Meters (!D Plot 6 in the foreground of the photo above. 200N & 0K
Plot 4 D D (! 100N & 0K D D (!!( D D (! D D (! D D D(! Plot 12 (! D (! Plot 5 D 600N & 0K !(D D D 200N & 0K Plot 3 D D (!(!D D (! 100N & 0K [(! [(! D (!(!(! Plot 13 D D D D 200N & 0K [(! D D D (! D D Tsuga heterophylla / Clintonia uniflora (!(! D D[(! D D Plot 1 western hemlock / queen cup beadlily (! D !( D 300N & 200K D[(! [(!D Plot 14 [(! D Plot 2 300N & 0K D 300N & 200K2SO4
Some sites indicate possibly beneficial species interactions. The Soldier Creek study site above shows numerous bark fans on live trees due to Armillaria ostoyae; however, bark fans are rare where A. ostoyae is found in conjunction with NABS X. Interactions such as these may be dependant upon an array of interacting environmental factors. Photo: J.W. Hanna