A3 FOREST ; Jnsect & DISEASE MANAGEMENT

Home , Clintonia uniflora, Luzula hitchcockii

/v0 A3 FOREST ;_jNSECT & DISEASE MANAGEMENT USDA • FOREST SERVICE • NORTHERN REGION State & Private Forestry • Missoula, MT 59801

Report No. 79-2 3450 January 1979

R-1 FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE DAMAGE SURVEY SYSTEM

Wayne E. Bousfield, Entomologist

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of insect and disease damage surveys is to estimate losses caused by various pests so that the land manager can prescribe appro- priate management action.

Systematic ground data collection systems provide to the land manager loss data that can be used for cost benefit analysis, management plans, environmental impact statements, and for projecting losses at a forest lev . The survey data could be integrated into timber management pla to fill voids in stand models to predict losses. This handbook des ibes field data collection procedures and data recording neces- sar to operate the supporting computer program "INDIDS" (Insect and Disease Damage Survey).

SURVEY TYPES

Usually, the land manager has only one specific pest in mind when conducting loss surveys. This system, however, provides for four specific pest types: (1) Bark beetles, (2) defoliators, (3) disease, (4) noninfectious disease. Data can be collected for all four types at the same time if desired, but analyzed separately using the computer program "INDIDS" for the different options. The program provides detailed mensurational data of stands by species, size class, and damage class of designated survey type and aggregates other problems in one column. Detailed statistics on other problems can be obtained by running the option desired. Each sample tree in the survey, however, is limited to three pest problems or severity.

410 Type plot: •

1 = Variable plot for trees >5" d.b.h. In addition, trees <5" are recorded on the 1/300-acre plot. di

2 = Fixed plot for trees >5" d.b.h. In addition, trees <5" d.b.h. are recorded on the 1/300-acre plot.

Size plot: Enter BA factor or, 4 for 1/4, 5 for 1/5 for fixed plots. Example of BAF 40 would be recorded as 4 0 or 1/5-acre fixed plot would be recorded as 0 5

Green tree plots: Enter number sampled plots where green tree data • was recorded. If green tree data was recorded on all plots then green tree plots would equal total plots.

Total plots: Enter total number of plots used in sampling the stand including green stand plots. Include all plots even if some had no trees. •

Plot cards

IP Ident code: Use same as header card. Example: 1 0 3

Plot: Plot number in sequence. Do not duplicate plot numbers •• within a stand. Example 0 1 for first plot.

HAB: Habitat type for plot. Use Montana valid habitat type numbers. Example: 5 2 1 for grand fir/Clintonia uniflora phase (appendix I)

Species: Use valid species code. Left adjusted. Appendix II. Examples White pine WPP,_ Larch, L .

D.b.h.: Enter d.b.h. to nearest 1/10 inch, right adjusted. For example, a tree 12.3 inches in diameter is recorded as 1 2,3. Height: The height of trees sampled for height measurements is entered to the nearest foot, right adjusted.

Age: or tree number if identity is needed. Age measurements are optional (to be added later to Program).

10-year growth: Last 10 years' radial growth in inches (two decimals assumed) right adjusted. Example of 1.05" 1 05,, Example of .23" .2,3,

Y-year growth: Radial growth measurements for the period of It infestation. Not less than 2 years and not to exceed the last 10 years (two decimals assumed, right adjusted) •

X-year growth: Radial growth measurement of the period of normal • growth (two decimals assumed, right adjusted) (figure 3).

-6- •

• a it-n .-. J to•-loc•cp c, CO 010 ..•• 00 .0 CD • r,- c G •-• CD CC 0 0 N 4 0 .-. L0 CD In el •0 00' c fo• ... i.n • • • • • a • • • • • • • • CI C . C. e't a a. 4 G. P- LI CC ••••- •I- If 4 .0 3 11 • 1\ f r • I, '1".. Cr tc. c Lr n. 2.- fr 0.. f••• • NIP •. OJ

a • 0 0000 0 CO 0 4 000 0 00 000 CO 0 4 000 LL1 I-- 0 00 0 00 • X a • • • • • • I- r''' 4 ••• LA 4 .-.41p. C X NI IV

LA 0 =CO 00 0 00000 0 00 L.) C 0 000000 0000 a I- C. 1..1 • Z CO Xt- X:a .-Ia a) C. C a 1).• • f 4 a • co C•0000 0 CDC 000 0 00 00 C C 00000 a ...I Cc co I- • LC 2 O -+1 -I-) 0 X 0 0 O R J-1 10 0 000 00 0 00000 0 00 0 0 0 0 00000 10 CI, 0) 0 El AI 0. ru • .0 0 •-I0 • 3 W`~ I- 0 •-i W cA 4 .1-1 rI .I.) L.1 0 0 a I-I U •3. 0 000 0 0 In 00' 000 0 00 C 00 If. 00' 0 0 0 0 00 Cr. Co ... a0 .-. W m a • • • • • • 'g° a -J ill p- .0 N •I• La n) 4 .4 Z 2- In Ln 0.0.0.111i0 '4' I. I 4 Lai 1 3 O ‘71 o .0 i •-I 0 0 X I X o a 000 0 .0 0 1 000 in 0%0 0 00 r-, 0 CD 000 WU O c)4) co 0.' 0. NO. cc. C 0 ff'1.0 .g "IF4 4-1 4)0 • • • • • • • • • • •-I 0 0 0 tr. a C 4 •..-11'4 In •-• 44 F.I P. •-i .0 ..• -.•-.•I- In N. CCn IN ct•-• .0 .I., W 0 1- 2) in m co CI. 'd .5 .J If! a m ...• ,-. in I- U. ii. I.. n .2; I2.: 0 If C • C.,' . C.* C C C oc .4%7. ov.. .c c n. ,c- cr < c...... I • . C NC CI.C. C C ii 471)Q 1 u. t- a 4- OM ft II. 0 C If 4.) 02 4' a v < • • • • • • • • a k n• Y U I- 4 ILL M CC in .n. t•-.. 44 CC. .C. .1- 12- ,463, r22c4 •••-• a 1 2-1 2... ri •-410 .0 0 CC m N Ln 4 < I J 1.0 4 1 .0 0 II II X I CV M aH Ha 1- 'C '0,010,0'C r-, 0Nr-,C•C 0.04 Miele fn....0c.: in1.0.C,C (14 ∎ 4' .004 [21 -2. x tr Oa CP. • • • • • • • • LL: L.) • • • • n Q. 4 0,40,..1,-u:. ,....-ir P" r IN. C CC Ck 0 •- 2 I- G C O 4 1::.; Ccr; DP- .•-n Ai, 0 4 .. CV r• r"

• .--1. 0 0 --• C U C C 37, a rn ..-.. 0 o G C :a z O.. 410 :90, V• 1.1.14L • • • • • • • • • • IX P- C ..-.1.- P- 47 .0 cr V' it 0 if Is O Ln on.11 •••• ••• •••I Uco r.• cd 444L •• 4 I"..- tir 4 CE Q ••••

C2 -1 - I Jt I- vs 0 N • Z -1. +A. 7:0 • r- 4) rn tio • 1:1

'11 rn 01 Is rrt 13 13 0) el 13130:1r) 13 03 A 13 '0 CI '11 37 -4 To to "r1 '71 33 -1 Ds 11 11 D-4 7. v. -71 '41 3) -1 D D '11 x• Is Is 6-1 D' lo 1:• 2o 1.4 8-4 Is 7s 2. 12. 3, la,

0...-. io 10 Ea -..4 CO R) 40 LA41 N MP O. la 4.1 o. ... w. -4 PO o. P. 13 40 lo lo la 4.1 CP PJ tn O' I••• W -4 UP LO 4w tntil tn CD O IA La tn 4w •• •• • vsff we*. • • •• •• •• Z 44 41 s. 0. 0-• .1s Ct CD .4 CP CD •-• N -.4 P1 •••••. La La N 43 CD CO 00 -4'00 GP Co es 0 CD GP ER r1 7' LJ LJ .coo PO -.1 CD 0f0 CT C2 01 OD CO -4 Dui N

N r .1) 2'V 3. 0 -4 • • • • • 11 0 MO MI ONO "TI X • • • 41. Do CD Ln co • -4 • • PO no to o a a 40 a a fa co tn CC CD CD CD CD CD n.10.-.0 Nr 0 O LJ 111 (13 O 10 •••• (1) IVv to 124 ▪ • • • 4) 43 0 . 0 CD 0 0.0 . CP Ja .11 • no -. cr. 0 0 4, 2 0 0: 0.00 0 OD OD Pa

..... :c O .... o O.0'0. LP 43 .... co 0 rn O' (.1 • • • • • • • rrt r• r I1 0 0 0 CP CO on4 3) ...i. ',I.< . . • • • La W wo za• • < A :31Z.'"11..,..3.:, , 4 -4.-D,...0 0,7 9.2001.0 J1 1:1 0 La ..4 to) 13 La 11 01 -4 -.1 0 kJ A ....1 • "V 11. V . J .-• No•71 Is. U71- 01 1- S. .1. .... vo .. 1.11 4. N cr. X ,-. Is 4. 4t. or 0' CO VI .0 .4 IV tri • .41 -4 0 • .4 -4 Is 11.0!11- .4 11 -.•. • • • • • • -.6,0 r-ax • • • • • • kJ il 1) L4 ,M ,4 0 0 CD C) CP LP r- 13 -4 0 C) CD PO U1 CD CD 4) 000000 CD CD Ca CS CD -4 1, US CORO lo, N en 1:. co no VI a Cr. l'' r- 0 P. IE i C: 4w Pa 4W w4 rn I XI ir n 4w 4.1 .4 'OD 4 -4 X 3 QM 1< .4 -1 W CP 44 N 4.1 ...4 L4 -4 rn • 4.0W -1 1 r N 0 1r• tr,, • • • • • • •4 -4 0 .... .4 a A VI -4 • • • • • • r- 0 0 4 • • • • • La Ln II. no un 43 41. CO 4, CD UM RS r- lo • ,1 • a• CO n4 la Cl W 0 0 C2 CD 0 CP -4 lw S. U) Ca .--, .. nu Ln cn co Ln 0D • N a 0 -4 Pt t- 7

2L O▪ -1 is r- o < 00000 r 4 00000 0 0 oo000 0 • h+ 0 X 00 D01 -4 'I • • 0 ID :2 9 2.0 9 2 9 2.0.20.2.2t 1) 0 • 3 • X 03 0 rn • A 0 CD CD 0 Cs Ca ococsocao CD 0 0 Cs CD Ca h+ N N .0. 9 1). -•1 21JI D2 -4400 • • • • .4 11 • • • • • US CP N 000000 • A ••• W O CP Ca CD OD ON • 9•2.2 . DO.N +A! La 1)- ♦ 0 0 Lro L.I 43 LA 11. rni ".4 N PO 4.1 CD N 01 43 N 41 0 to • • • • • Zs 2 A 41 CO CO -4 01 • • • • • • • ••••• X M 1.1 US 1.1 1:0 CD Ss 0. Id US VI 1.1/ -4 • • • • • • vi 0:J 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 VI • A CP OP La LP nu 44 LP 0. A cn TO'-. 4 O •+ ♦ N 4) N 4w -4 • 4D 4W •P' O r O 4w CO C) O 44 La La N Ot N NN.....41.4 43 Ci• 0 0 0 CW 4) Ji.1) OD -4' '.14I 7. N on, ' V. UI 73 e4 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O • • • • • • nn• CP LP r- .1 '00 JP t,11 La CP L4 .40 CO P0) UI •-• n Os 0 ro C)0 0 00 CP an ea us 0 0 JO 0' -4 CO 4w UP co tit • June 1977 --Montana forest habitat types

habitat types and phases • code' Abbreviation Common names Scientific names

010 SCREE.

Out) PINUS PLEXILIS CLIMAX SERIES

limber pine/bluebunch wheatgrass * 010 PIFL/AGSP h.t. Pinus flexilis/Agropyron spicatum h.t. 050 PIFL/FEID h.t. Pinus flexilis/Festuca idahoensis h.t. limber pine/Idaho fescue 051 -FFID phase -Festuca idahoensis phase -Idaho fescue phase 032 -FESC phase -Festuca scabrella phase -rough fescue phase 070 PIFL/JUCO h.t. Pinus flexilis/Juniperus communis h.t. limber pine/common juniper

100 PINUS PONDEROSA CLIMAX SERIES

110 PIPO/AND h.t.2 Pious ponderosa/Andropogon spp. h.t. ponderosa pine/bluestem 130 PIPO/AGSP h.t. Pinus pondcrosa/Agropyron spicatum h.t. ponderosa pine/bluebunch wheatgrass 140 PIPO/FEID h.t. Pinus ponderosa/Festuca idahoensis' h.t. ponderosa pine/Idaho fescue 141 -FEID phase -Festuca idahoensis phase -Idaho fescue phase 142 -FESC phase -Festuca scabrella phase -rough fescue phase 160 PIPO/PUIR h.t. Pinus ponderosa/Purshia tridentata h.t. ponderosa pine/bitterbrush 161 -AGSP phase -Agropyron spicatum phase -bluebunch wheatgrass phase 162 -HAD phase -Festuca idahoensis phase -Idaho fescue phase 170 PIPO/SYAL h.t. Pinus ponderosa/Symphoricarpos albus h.t. ponderosa pine/snowberry 171 -SYAL phase -Symphoricarpos albus phase -snowberry phase 172 -BERE phase -Berberis repens phase -creeping Oregon grape phase 180 PIPO/PRVI h.t. Pinus ponderosa/Prunus virginiana h.t. ponderosa pine/chokecherry 181 -PRV1 phase -Prunus virginiana phase -chokecherry phase 182 -SIICA phase -Shepherdia canadensis phase -buffaloberry phase

200 PSEUDOTSUGA MENZIESII CLIMAX SERIES

210 PSME/AGSP h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Agropyron spicatum h.t. Douglas-fir/bluebunch wheatgrass 220 PSME/FEID h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Festuca idahoensis h.t. Douglas-fir/Idaho fescue 230 PSME/FESC h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Festuca scabrella h.t. Douglas-fir/rough fescue 250 PSME/VACA h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Vaccinium caespitosum h.t. Douglas-fir/dwarf huckleberry 260 PSME/PIBL• h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Physocarpus malvaceus h.t. Douglas-fir/ninebark 261 -P1IMA phase -Physocarpus malvaceus phase -ninebark phase 262 -CARU phase -Calamagrostis rubescens phase -pinegrass phase 280 PSME/VAGL h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Vaccinium globulare h.t. Douglas-fir/blue huckleberry 281 -VAGL phase -Vaccinium globulare phase -blue huckleberry phase 282 -ARUV phase -Arctostaphylos uva-ursi phase -kinnikinnick phase 283 -XETE phase -Xerophyllum tenax phase -beargrass phase 290 PSME/LIBO h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Linnaea borealis h.t. Douglas-fir/twinflower 291 -SYAL phase -Symphoricarpos albus phase -snowberry phase 292 -CARU phase -Calamagrostis rubescens phase -pinegrass phase 293 -VAGL phase -Vaccinium globulare phase -blue huckleberry phase 310 PSME/SYAL h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Symphoricarpos albus h.t. Douglas-fir/snowberry 311 -AGSP phase -Agropyron spicatum phase -bluebunch wheatgrass phase 312 -CARU phase -Calamagrostis rubescens phase -pinegrass phase 313 -SYAL phase -Symphoricarpos albus phase -snowberry phase 320 PSME/CARU h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Calamagrostis rubescens h.t. Douglas-fir/pinegrass 321 -AGSP phase -Agropyron spicatum phase -bluebunch wheatgrass phase -ARUV phase -Arctostaphylos uva-ursi phase -kinnikinnick phase 323 -CARU phase -Calamagrostis rubescens phase -pinegrass phase 324 -PIPO phase -Pinus ponderosa phase -ponderosa pine phase 330 PSME/CAGE h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Carex geyeri h.t. Douglas-fir/elk sedge 340 PSME/SPBE h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Spiraea betulifolia h.t. Douglas-fir/white spiraea 350 PSINE/ARI1V h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Arctostaphylos uva-ursi h.t. Douglas-fir/kinnikinnick 360 PSME/JUCO h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Juniperus communis h.t. Douglas-fir/common juniper 370 PSME/ARCO h.t. Pseudotsuga menziesii/Arnica cordifolia h.t. Douglas-fir/heartleaf arnica 380 PSME/SYOR h.t.2 Pseudotsuga menziesii/Symphoricarpos oreophilus h.t Douglas-fir/mountain snowberry

400 PICEA CLIMAX SERIES

410 PICEA/EQAR h.t Picea/Equisctum arvense h.t. spruce/common horsetail 420 PICEA/CLUN h.t. Picea/Clintonia uniflora h.t. spruce/queencup beadlily 421 -VACA phase -Vaccinium caespitosum phase -dwarf huckleberry phase 422 -CLUN phase -Clintonia uniflora phase -queencup beadlily phase 430 PICEAMBM h.t. Picea/Physocarpus malvaceus h.t. spruce/ninebark 440 PICEA/GATR h.t. Picca/Galium triflurum h.t. spruce/sweetscented bedstraw 450 PICEA/VACA h.t. Picea/Vaccinium caespitosum h.t. spruce/dwarf huckleberry 460 PICEA/SEST h.t. Picea/Senecio streptanthifolius h.t. spruce/cleft-leaf groundsel 4 461 -PSME phase -Pseudotsuga menziesii phase -Douglas-fir phase 41,2 -PICEA phase -Picea phase -spruce phase 470 PICEA/LIBO h.t. Picca/Linnaea borealis h.t. spruce/twinflower 480 PICEA/SMST h.t. Picea/Smilacina stellata h.t. spruce/starry Solomon's seal

500 ABIES GRAND'S CLIMAX SERIES

510 ABGR/XETE h.t. Abies grandis/Xerophyllum tenax h.t. grand fir/beargrass 520 ABGR/CLUN h.t. Abies grandis/Clintonia uniflora h.t. grand fir/queencup beadlily 521 -CLUN phase -Clintonia uniflora phase -queencup beadlily phase 522 -ARNU phase Aralia nudicaulis phase -wild sarsaparilla phase 823 -XETE phase -Xerophyllum tenax phase -beargrass phase 590 ABGR/LIBO h.t. Abies grandis/Linnaea borealis h.t. grand fir/twinflower 591 -L1BO phase -Linnaea borealis phase -twinflower phase so , -XETE phase -Xerophyllum tenax phase -beargrass phase (con.) -9- ADP Habit:at types imilthases code) Abbreviation Scientific names COMAIM/1 n4mes

501 THUJA PLICATA CLIMAX SERIES

530 THPL/CLUN h.t. Thuja plicata/Clintonia uniflora h t. western redcedar/queencup headlily -CLUN phase • 531 -Clintonia uniflora phase -qucencup beadlily phase 532 -ARNU phase -Aralia nudicaulis phase -wild sarsaparilla • phase 533 -MEFE phase -Menziesia ferruginea phase -menzicsia phase 550 THPL/OPHO h.t. Thuja plicata/Oplopanax horridum h.t. western redcedar/devil's club

502 TSUGA HETEROPHYLLA CLIMAX SERIES •

570 TSHE/CLUN h.t. Tsuga heterophylla/Clintonia uniflora h.t. western hemlock/queencup beadlily 571 -CLUN phase -Clintonia uniflora phase -queencup beadlily phase

572 -ARNU phase -Aralia nudicaulis phase -wild sarsaparillh • phase

600 ABIES LASIOCARPA CLIMAX SERIES

700 Lower subalpine h.t.s

610 ABLA/OPHO h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Oplopanax horridum h.t. subalpine fir/devil's club

623 ABLA/CLUN h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Clintonia uniflora h.t. subalpine fir/queencup beadlily

621 -CLUN phase -Clintonia unifl ,,ra phase -queencup beadlily phase

622 -ARNU phase -Aralia nudicaulis phase -wild sarsaparilla phase

623 -VACA phase -Vaccinium caespitosum phase -dwarf huckleberry phase •

624 -XETE phase -Xerophyllum tenax phase -heargrass phase

625 -MEFE phase -Menziesia ferruginea phase -mcnziesia phase

630 ABLA/GATR h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Galium triflorum h.t. subalpine fir/swcetscented bedstraw

640 ABLA/VACA h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium caespitosum h.t. subalpine fir/dwarf huckleberry

650 ABLA/CACA h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Calamagrostis canadensis h.t. subalpine fir/bluejoint

651 -CACA phase -Calamagrostis canadensis phase -blucjoint phase

653 -GATR phase -Galium triflorum phase -swectscented bedstraw phase

654 -.VACA phase -Vaccinium caespitosum phase -dwarf huckleberry phase

660- ABLA/LIBO h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Linnaea borealis h.t. subalpine fir/twinflower • 661 -LIBO phase -Linnaea borealis phase -twinflower phase

662 -XETE phase -Xerophyllum tenax phase -beargrass phase

663 -VASC phase -grouse whortleberry phase -Vaccinium scoparium phase 670 ABLA/MEFE h.t. subalpine fir/menziesia Abies lasiocarpa/Menziesia ferruginea h.t. 680 TSME/MEFE h.t. mountain hemlock/menziesia Tsuga mertensiana/Menziesia ferruginea h.t. 690 ABLA/XETE h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Xerophyllum tenax h.t. subalpine fir/bcargrass 49

691 -VAGL phase -Vaccinium globulare phase -blue huckleberry phase

692 -VASC phase -Vaccinium scoparium phase -grouse whortleberry phase • • 710 TSME/XETE h.t. Tsuga mertensiana/Xerophyllum tenax h.t. mountain hemlock/bcargrass 720 ABLA/VAGL h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium globulare h.t. subalpine fir/blue huckleberry 730 ABLA/VASC h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium scoparium h.t. subalpine fir/grouse whortleberry 731 -CARU phase -Calamagrostis rubescens phase -pinegrass phase 732 -VASC phase -Vaccinium scoparium phase -grouse whortleberry phase • 733 -THOC phase -Thalictrum occidentale phase -western mcadowrue phase 740 ABLA/ALS1 h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Alnus sinuata h.t. subalpine fir/Sitka alder 750 ABLA/CARU h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Calamagrostis rubescens h.t. subalpine fir/pinegrass 770 ABLA/CLPS h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Clematis pseudoalpina h.t. subalpine fir/virgin's bower 780 ABLA/ARCO h.t. Abies lasiocarpa/Arnica cordifolia h.t. subalpine fir/heartleaf arnica 790 ABLA/CAGE h.t.2 Abies lasiocarpa/Carex geyeri h.t. subalpine fir/elk sedge 791 -CAGE phase -Carex geyeri phase -elk sedge phase 792 -PSME phase -Pseudotsuga menziesii phase -Douglas-fir phase

800 Upper subalpine h.t.s

810 ABLA/RIMO h.t.2 Abies lasiocarpa/Ribes montigenum h.t. subalpine fir/mountain gooseberry 820 ABLA-PIAL/VASC Abies lasiocarpa-Pinus albicaulis/Vaccinium subalpine fir-whitebark pine/ • h.t. scoparium h.t. grouse whortleberry 830 ABLA/LUHI Abies lasiocarpa/Luzula hitchcockii h.t. subalpine fir/smooth wood-rush 831 -VASC phase -Vaccinium scoparium phase -grouse whortleberry phase

812 -MEFE phase -menziesia phase -Menziesia ferruginea phase 840 TSME/LUHI h.t.2 Tsuga mertensiana/Luzula hitchcockii h.t. mountain hemlock/smooth wood-rush

841 -VASC phase -Vaccinium scoparium phase -grouse whortleberry phase

842 -MEFE phase -Menziesia ferruginea phase -menziesia phase

890 Timberline h.t.s

850 PIAL-ABLA h.t.s Pious albicaulis-Abies lasiocarpa h.t.s whitebark pine-subalpine fir

860 LALY-ABLA h.t.s Larix lyallii-Abies lasiocarpa h.t.s alpine larch-subalpine fir

870 PIAL h.t.s Pinus albicaulis h.t.s whitebark pine

900 PINUS CONTORTA CLIMAX SERIES 4 910 PICO/PUTR h.t. Pinus contorta/Purshia tridentata h.t. lodgepole pine/bitterbrush 920 PICO/VACA c.t. Pinus contorta/Vaccinium caespitosum c.t. lodgepole pine/dwarf huckleberry 930 PICO/LIBO c.t. Pinus contorta/Linnaea borealis c.t. lodgepole pine/twinflower • 940 PICO/VASC c.t. Pious contorta/Vaccinium scoparium c.t. lodgepole pine/grouse whortleberry 950 PICO/CARU c.t. Pious contorta/Calamagrostis rubescens c.t. lodgepole pinc/pinegrass

Total Number of Habitat Types • 64 •

Total Number of Habitat Typos, Phase, and Pinus contorts Community Type Categories • 105

1 Automatic data processing codes for National Forest System use. 2 Minor type in Montana; described in other study areas. • [ w

APPENDIX II 0 Species Codes

• GF = Grand fir AF = Subalpine fir J = Juniper L = Larch S = Spruce WLP = White bark or limber pine • LP = Lodgepole pine WP = Western white pine PP = Ponderosa pine DF = Douglas-fir Y = Yew C = Western redcedar n WH = Western hemlock MH = Mountain hemlock B = Birch ASH = Ash V CW = Cottonwood ASP = Aspen • OH = Other hardwoods • AL = Alpine larch

•

4 • •

• -11- • APPENDIX III •

Damage Codes Code • 0 Healthy tree, no insect, disease, or damage problem 1 Unknown or natural mortality

Bark Beetles

2 Current beetle attack • 3 Last year's attack 4 Older beetle attack 5 Unsuccessful attack 6 Secondary or other bark beetle attack

Defoliation •

7 Light defoliation (less than 10%) 8 Moderate defoliation (10-70%) V. 9 Heavy defoliation (greater than 70%) 10 Light top kill (less than 10% top dead from repeated defoliation) 11 Moderate top kill (10-33% top dead) • • 12 Heavy top kill (greater than 33% dead top) 13 Defoliator mortality (mortality caused by defoliators only)

Disease

14 Mistletoe infected • 15 Mortality from mistletoe 16 Root rot 17 Mortality from abiotic causes

Noninfectious Disease • 18 Light damage 19 Moderate damage 20 Heavy damage 21 Mortality from abiotic causes 22 Other damaging agents (fire scar, lightning, old spike top, etc.)

441 •

-12- •

FIGURE. 2 • FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE DAMAGE SURVEY a Ident. code +7.:12-7

Elev 4 't,L Forest ,L, r,) I,E,A „D ,,,,,,,,, Slope 73(7' Aspect N • (4-19)

Stand or Area ;7 ,, ,, I_Lt_iC; 1 1 • Type plot 1.11 Physo (20-35) (69) Site • Survey code Size plot L21 01 (36-37) (70-71) Hab 6111 Type . (38-51) Observers 11-11A Soil • (52-66) Green tree plots t lk, Total plots LLID Date 1 19' 1 4 n7 t7t (67-68) (72-74) (75-76) (77-78) (79-80) 'dent. 10-yr. Insect or code Plot KO Species t4r X (L disease codes MM. - Tr31 -11.131 (12012:) 4124)fil1 l)0 (32-34) ri7:38)(40.41)(10-44)(4(.-47) IP „ );2.e)„ a9, :ti,4\1146,1=-4

t > • „Lk. I I .C41\ai 4), S. 4.• n n .m.1 • 1.•••6.•••11 1 11.1 1 • • Iwalm.../ •

„ C11—)j :,•1ELLOO FL1 'PO A , • I LjeA2k1.-A:2,6 I L ; -3„

• • , , _a ,A•7-. I

„ a „ p L Q

L •

I •

•- 4 I, • n S 1 "Pt ) La20 1...jj J 1n111..1 I ' ' • lai-An-, ai∎ L ALL , • 7./ I n s—a—I—J i0, I...L.1 4 4....A..a L . 1 nA • f • I ; ,,P9• I •....4...4 I 1....41.i.f 4—.1.....a..-1 L.-.6.-1....J

'T ci 2 °- ,,5. „ I A!), , nILnI 1...1.6...... J 1....ii....a...1 s,...... 1 t....,..c.-_, L • 1...*--, i • LoomilmolLmoi L...Jkr J 1....4nI 1 --..P. „ .4.1,. • Pit,t_.,-.5 . .Q • - . A \ n I 1.1-1 1•nn1=EI n•••••AmAmJ • • LowlimmL/ n • 1 • • 1 5:1) 441). Immi.a••n•I W W Imemilma

FLGUEE 2, _con. CONTINUATION SHEET

FOREST

STAND LC) 4- 1

FOREST INSECT AND DISEASE DAMAGE SURVEY

IP Insect or Ident. 10-yr. disease co es code Plot EAR 4ecies D.b.h. Reifbt Aie Leta Ti-3) TM -TM 112.1) WIT (20.221 (24.2()(2840) (32.34) WW(40.41)(43.44)(44.47) y- = ,1 .6Q6:-.411.7(j...0-4,1-.-i). , re3n .. • . 4$ 'RE 4

I (-n , Id A I Li-14...„ JAL I 3 Ta::- • 5 V- iL • 4 I • • 1 . 1 $ LAI Lormiewima ILL.., 111 LILUdQual.AL \Q"' %mai 4..././ Lama 1n12iia • 1 4...W • ImannwIn4=1 2:1: ,C2A,D50„tia f-. ,11e.A24, .E; 4cDP.,1). rN)A-1-t; „_17.J A. )AE,_Li z Lnit.1 V i I , :1,13 $1 L,7

1 1 • • FnLi • • • L-;4 LJ1n061 1, Viwp. Immiona 1 I A ( • 4 1 " n n 1121 • , 6F 1 L 1....1 •&.•J Immamoll • Immammilm..1 Ii Immimmimml Lima L 1 1 t....1mamme • A 4..../wal

Lahm.1 I t

I 5 6=11.1.11...1 1.0.6.•fioa • • •

%Mama 4 n imshwil6.011 lowiamiwel • 4 1 l r 1...ammamml I...1.a I...6..16J L..1.11 1.....Lmimml

Um.; • • 41 • • 40 • • 4

Syr • •• • • 61—.1 • 1..11..a • • 1 $ • • 1 • • /

hie / • • 1 1 • • 1 1 • • 1