. PROCEEDING. 4 E SOCIETY34 TH F O S , MAY , 188913 . .

VI.

NOTICE F SOMEO S ! UNDESCRIBED SCULPTURED STONE FRAGD AN S - MENTS IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF . BY JOSEPH ANDER- SON, LL.D., ASSISTANT-SECRETARY AND KEEPEMUSEUME TH P RO .

The object of this paper is to place on record a number of notices of sculptured stones that have been accumulating in my hands for some time. a symbol-ston s i No 1 . t Sandsidea e , Eeay n Caithnessi , , which presentsymbol.w ne a s - a mosThi s i st unexpected r additioou o t n knowledg e symbol-bearinth f eo g grou symbof stonesw po ne o ln , having been recorded, so far as I am aware, since the publication of the second volum f Stuart'eo s Sculptured Stones f Scotlando n 1867i . This stone has a; most curious history, for which I am indebted to Thomas Pilkington alss ojwa Esq.gooo wh d, enoug favouo ht wite m r ha photograp e Stoneth f o h , s daughtertakehi y nb , from whic e accomth h - panying woodcu s beeha t n madee ston Th s statei e. o havt d e been found among the sand links down by the shore, and near to a place known as Cnoc Stanger, which is supposed to have been the site of an ancient settlement of some kind, on account of the bones and other relics which have been found there. The time when it was originally found is variously stated as from thirty or forty to fifty or sixty years ago. It was afterwards taken up to Sandside Farm and laid down to mend a hole in the covering of the mill-lade where the road crosses it, and there it remained until the month of September last, when some repairs were being made upon the mill-lade, and it was discovered that the stone was •broken attentioe across th Pilkingtor d M f an , no s attractee wa n th o t d sculpturings on one face of the slab. These consist (as shown in fig. 1) of incised figures of a comb, a mirror, a mirror-case, and a curious figure forme threy b d e ovals, eac f whica semicirculaho s hha r hollo t weithea r centrethe sid ein firs. .Thi the t sis exampl suceof hfigura symboor e l known e ston tougha Th s ei . , har dsandstone slath f e districtbo th f eo , 4 feet 8J inches in length, 231 inches in width at the one end, 16J UNDESCEIBED SCULPTURED STONES. 345

inches wide at other end," and 3J inches in thickness. It is now pre- served at Sandside House. For the details of No. 2, which is also a symbol-stone, I am indebted r JohM no t Home Geologicath f o e l Survey. Whe t fiela n d worn i k

Fig. 2. Portion of Symbol-Stone Fig. 1. Symbol-Stone at Sandside, Keay. at Huntly.

1882, Mr Home observed this stone (fig. 2) lying at the corner of the stack-yar f Leyo d f Dutnmuieso s , abou mile2 t s eas f Huntlyo t , Aber- deenshire bloca s i f diorit ko t I . e (?), bearin e incisegth d symboe th f o l double disc with the bent rod, and adding one example more to the two dozen or thereby previously known. There are faint traces of what 346 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 13, 1889.

figure animan a math f e o eyb l abov symbol-figuree th e . e farme"Th r told me," says Mr Home, " that he .had taken it out of the adjoining field, because it interfered with the ploughing. He could not remove the whole block, so he blasted it with gunpowder, thereby breaking it in two piecesf whico e hon , still lies e farmeburiefielde s th Th .wa n di r

Fig . Symbol-Ston3 . t Fyvieea . f leavino e abroado e incomin g s farth ev g hi o t mt e o bu ,nth g tenant was quite willing to allow the remainder to be dug out, if the spot could be found. But neither the outgoing tenant nor his servant who assisted hi n blastinmi 'stone th g e coul e dexac th poin t t ou spot t where th e buried fragment lay, and though I and Mr Gurnell, the secretary of the UNDESCRIBED SCULPTURED STONES. 347

Huntly Field Club, spent some time in trying to hit on it by probing the ground with rods, all our efforts proved unsuccessful. On leaving Huntly, I hande dHuntle oveth o t ry Fiel dstone Clu th pare ef th b o t whic hI received ha d fro e farmermth n conditioo , ne b tha outloon o a t t s wa k kept when this field was being ploughed, but up to this date the missing t beeportiono ns discovered.nha "

Fig . Incise4 . d Stone from Clime, Dores, Inveruess-shire. . EevrubbinMilnee a J . th s i .A y 3 b , . g e LL.D. senm No stona o t f o , e (fig. 3) built into the wall of the church at . It bears a portion of double th e disc symbol unded figure birda para an ,th f t f i ro eto , highly conventionalised t apparentl,bu eaglen ya . Both figure incisede ar s . Birds occur but rarely in connection with the symbols. Examples at Birnie, Mortlach, Tyrie, DingwaU, and Inveravon are given in Dr Stuart's Sculp- tured Stones of Scotland, but none of these are so carefully executed as the one at Fyvie, and in no other case is the bird associated with the symbo double th f o le e stondiscTh e. measure inche8 inches4 2 s1 y sb . 348 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 13, 1889.

No. 4 is a stone (fig. 4) which I got taken out of the chimney-head of cottaga Clunn eo e Farme paristh f n Doresi ho , , Inverness-shire, where it had been discovered by the Rev. J. E. Eraser. It measures 22 inches in lengt 16y hb | inche breadtn si 7 inche - d in hthicknessan n si s ha d an , cised on its flat face the figure of a boar (?), now unfortunately much s positioit e mutilater th fo e squarinn t i n i th e t stony fi th b d o f et go chimney-head s originallwa t I y. discovered about thirty years pre- viously, when reclaiming wast r distane fa lan t dno t e fro th e sit mf th eo cottage. When firs tmuc s founwa h t i dlarge s wa r t thai nows i t t ni ,bu brokee excavationth n ni subsequentld an , y dresse e w shapth no o t dt ei a har s i bearsd t griI .t wit a hsomewha t weathered e surfaceth t bu , incised -lines are cleanly and carefully cut.

Fig . Incise5 . d Stone from Burghead. Incised figures of bulls, carved on small flattish water-worn boulders of sandstone, have been discovered from' tim o timt e t Burghead.a e 1 No. 5 is one of those recently discovered (fig. 5), and now in Elgin Museum rubbine th r f fo ,whic g o indebte m a frieny hI m Eeve o dth t . Dr Gordon of Bimie. The fragment measures about 14 inches by 10 inches, and bears boldly incised the front part of the figure of a bull (?). anotheNos i 6 . r stone incised wit figure hbula th f eo l (?), whicw sa hI in the garden of Mr Alexander Ross, architect, Inverness, some years ago, 1 See the Proceedings, vol. iv. p. 355, and vol. x. p. 663. UNDESCEIBED SCULPTUBED STONES. 349 enablew no whic d figuro m dt an a hI e (fig ) fro6 . mpapea r cast seny b t M. MacdonaldJ r r EosD o st , F.S.A. Scot. originae th , l describee th f o r antiquities of Burghead in the Society's Proceedings. It measures 13 inches by 12, and bears on a water-worn surface the figure of a bull, incised in the same conventional style as the Burghead bulls, but it is t certainlno y known originalls wherwa t i e y found.

Fig . Incise6 . d Ston t Invernessea . No. 7 is apparently part of a cross at Newton Woods, near Paisley, for a photograp f whicindebteo hm Paislee a r Murth I hM t f o eo t Ar yd Institute, throug r Cochraii-PatrickM h states i fragt o I d. tw -tha e th t ments here represented (fig. 7) were found in a well near the site of the old mansion of Newton some fifty years ago. The sculptures bear a general resemblance to those on the slab at Inchinnan, where we also see an example of the beast with the human foot and leg coming out of its

UNDESCKIBED SCULPTURED STONES. 351

mouth, and the two beasts facing each other with a human head between their mouths. No. 8 is part of the shaft of a cross, of very rude workmanship, which is remarkable for the unusual character of the animals sculptured upon havine on , longit a g curved proboscis, suggestiv intention a f eo repreo nt - sent the elephant. The stone (fig. 8) is 3 feet long by 10 inches broad and 8 inches in thickness, tapering slightly upwards. It was found at Borthwick firss wa tr Eobbmadd M an ,y eb , knowHaddingtone m o nt . It is now in the Museum.

Fig . Fragmen9 . Sculpturef o t d Stone from Rosemarkie.

No. 9 is a fragment, showing a very spirited version of a somewhat similar subject (fig. 9), a human head surrounded by fierce-looking beasts. Thi churchyare s th fragment n i p u f Bosemarkiedo g , whicdu s hwa s wa , presented to the Museum in 1885 by the Eev. Charles Macdowall, through Major Colin M'Kenzie, F.S.A. Scot. No. 10 is a beautiful fragment of the shaft of a sculptured cross, which reminds 'one of the style of the manuscripts of the early Northumbrian Church t standI manse . th n si e garde t Aberladyna hers i d e figurean , d (fig. 10) fro mphotograpa h presente Eoberr M y db t Hutchison, F.S.A. Scot.

UNDESCKIBED SCULPTUBE3 35 D STONES. No .rubhin a 1 1s i slaa f bgo (fig .ruine e 11th n )i d churc Strowanf ho , about half-way between smallese Crief th Comried s i an f t tI sepulchra. l slab I have seen, measuring only 3 feet 3 inches in length by 2 feet in breadth t isI ,. however , remarkably well execute finn i ed preservationdan , though, unfortunately portioa , bees nha n broken corner e offon . Besides the armorial bearings of John Murray and his wife, Margaret Hepbnrn, it bear e followinsth g inscription :—Hie JACET HONOEABILIS VIB JOHANES DB STBUANE QUI OBIIT PBIMO DIB MENTIS AUGUSTI ANNO DOMINI MDXLI. On 24th May 1510, King James IV. set in conjunct feu to John Murra f Strowan o ys wif hi ed Margarean e t Hepburn, half o f Invergeldy e landth , f Strowaneo s d otheran , n thai s t district.1 This arrangement was probably made at the date of their marriage. Nos .fro1 e d 132ar man rubbing recumbenf so t slab f rudso e execution, with archaic features, though late in date. The slab (fig. 12) is in the old burying-ground of Tullichettil, near Comrie. It measures 5 feet 6 inche n lengti s 1d 8han inche n breadthi s , tapering slightly towards the lower end. It bears a sword with straight guard in the centre of name stonee th th d e IAMBan , e space S . BIDOCth bladee n th n I so n Ho . eithe ra numbesid e ear f trado r e emblems squarea , adzen axen a a , , a , mallet and chisel, a mill-rind, an axe-pick of the kind used by millers for dressin mill-stonee gth coulte,a plougha f ro hammea , anvid an r d l (?)an , an auger, indicating probabl e variouth y s mechanical aptitudee th f o s deceased. The connection of the family of Reidheuchs or Ridochs with Strathearn bega 1502n ni , when King Jame . granteIV s a charted f o r confirmation of the lands of Tulychedhile, Culturagane, &c., to his familiar servito d stewardan r , James Redeheuche, burges f Stirlingo s . n 157I 3 thes othed an e r lands acquirewerm hi e y erecteb d d inte th o barony of Tullichiddil. In 1542, James Reidheuch of Tullichiddil is mentioned as dead, and it is not till 1610 that another James appears in Reidheuchee th e lin f th eo f Tullichiddilso probabilite Th . tha, ye is th t stone here figured belong seventeente th o st h onls centurywa y t thei s a ,n that the name Reidheuche began to be spelt Ridoche. Of course it is impossible to say whether this is the tombstone of the James Ridoche of

1 Register Greate ofth Seal, 1424-1513 . 743p , . Z VOL. XXIII. 354 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 13, 1889.

successora 161f o r 0 o t ther bu , e seemnothine b o st g agains idee th tf ao the stone being as old at least as the date thus indicated. churchyare th n slae i s bi Th Lochgoilheadf ) (figdo 13 . . Jt measures 6 fee inche2 t lengtn i s abou d an hinche8 1 t breadthn s i mors i t eI . archai n charactei c r thae ston th nt Tullichettle a e presentd an , a s singular mixture of interlaced ornamentation, trade emblems, and symbols, whic possibly hma e heraldicb y t I seem. havo t s e been use como dt -

Fig. 11. Recumbent Slab in the old Chapel at Strowan, in Strathearn. memorat morer (o o ) etw individuals t datea , s abou centura t y apartn O . the lower part of the stone, between a rude figure of a tree and an arm and hand, is the date 1591. At the head of the stone is an inscription, which seems to read "JoHN MC!N"AIR;" and on the blade of the axe beside it, in letters of later date, " ROBART M EAR,;" while on the shaft of the axe date isth e curious 1697i t I .s mill-stonetha e axee th pice th tr th ,k fo , mill-rine th d an d should again appea thin o r s stoneanimae e th Th n . o l lowe stone rth pars somewhai ef o t t mutilated d ther e severaan , ar e l other figures whic hI canno t quite make out. UNDESCRIBED SCULPTURED STONES. 355

These two stones are interesting on account of their late date and the mixture of trade emblems that are familiar to us on modern head-stones*

Fig. Sla 12 .t Tullichettleb a . Fig. 13. Slab at Lochgoilhead. with such survival e oldeth f ro s symbolis ornamentatiod man e th s a n sword, animal figures, and interlaced work.