Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature 56 (1)

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A Queensland Government Project Typeset at the Queensland Museum The genus Coptoglossus Chaudoir in eastern Australia (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiinae)

Martin BAEHR Zoologische Staatssammlung, Münchhausenstr.21, D-81247 München, Germany. Email: martin. [email protected]

Citation: Baehr, M. 2012 02 17: The genus Coptoglossus Chaudoir in eastern Australia (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum – Nature 56(1): 85-98. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835. Accepted: 14 August 2009.

ABSTRACT The Australian lebiine genus Coptoglossus Chaudoir is revised. Both recorded species, Coptoglossus sulcatulus Chaudoir and C. carteri (Sloane), are redescribed and the male and female genitalia examined and figured. Colpodes porphyriacus (Sloane) is transferred from Platynini to the lebiine genus Coptoglossus, and a new species Coptoglossus excisicollis sp. nov. is described. A key for the four species of the genus is provided.  Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini, Coptoglossus, new combination, new species, Australia, key to species.

The lebiine genus Coptoglossus Chaudoir, 1869, describe an additional species from specimens presently includes two species, namely C. which have been available for some years but sulcatulus Chaudoir, 1869, described from remained unidentified. Hence, the genus now Melbourne, Victoria and so far recorded only includes four quite differently shaped species from Victoria (Moore et al. 1987), and C. carteri which range from eastern Victoria along the wet (Sloane, 1915), described and recorded from east coast of Australia to southern Queensland, Dorrigo in northern New South Wales (Moore inland at least to the Bunya Mountains. et al. 1987). Due to the rarity of specimens in collections the genus is not well known and little METHODS documented, and even its systematic position in either Lebiini or Platynini was at issue (see Measurements were taken using a stereo micro­ Darlington 1956, 1963; Moore et al. 1987; Lorenz scope with an ocular micrometer. Length has 1998, 2005; Wikispecies 2009). been measured from apex of labrum to apex of elytra. Body lengths, therefore, may differ For some time I had accumulated, for future slightly from those specified by other authors. work, specimens that apparently belong to this Length of the pronotum was measured from genus, but a recent inquiry about two species the most advanced part of the apex to the most by Geoff Monteith of the Queensland Museum, advanced part of the base. Width of the base Brisbane, caused me to finally identify the of pronotum was measured at the position of accumulated material and to prepare a key to the posterior lateral seta. Length of elytra was the species. During this work it turned out that measured from the most advanced part of the Colpodes porphyriacus (Sloane, 1910) belongs to humerus to the very apex. the lebiine genus Coptoglossus rather than to the platynine genus Colpodes Macleay, 1825, and For dissection of the male genitalia, specimens also that the ranges of the described species were relaxed for a night in a jar under moist are much larger than previously recorded. atmosphere, then the genitalia were removed Moreover, this work gives the opportunity to and cleaned for a short while in hot KOH. The

Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1)  www.qm.qld.gov.au 85 Baehr, M. habitus photographs were taken with a digital marginal punctures and 2 apical punctures camera using ProgRes CapturePro 2.6 and close to suture present; elytra with distinct, AutoMontage and were then edited with Corel very transverse microreticulation; upper sur­ Photo Paint 11. face of pronotum and elytra with extremely short, slightly declined pilosity which in most ABBREVIATIONS species is only visible in lateral view under very high magnification; metathoracic wings fully AMS ...... Australian Museum, Sydney developed; lower surface with fairly distinct, ANIC ...... Australian National Insect more or less erect pilosity; terminal abdominal Collection, Canberra sternum quadrisetose in both sexes; legs of mod­ BMNH . . .The Natural History Museum, erate size; 5th tarsomeres with several fairly London elongate setae on lower surface; tarsal claws st rd CBM . . . Working collection M. Baehr in large, not denticulate; 1 - 3 tarsomeres of Zoologische Staatssammlung, München male protarsus uniseriately or asymmetrically biseriately squamose with elongate hairs; aed­ QM . . . . .Queensland Museum, Brisbane eagus rather compact, suddenly narrowed to UQIC . . . University of Queensland Insect basal part which is somewhat curved left, with Collection, Brisbane (now in QM) very large orifice situated almost completely on the left side; internal sac lacking any sclerotised Genus Coptoglossus Chaudoir, 1869 pieces; female gonocoxite 1 large, without any Coptoglossus Chaudoir, 1869: 124; Darlington 1963: 1; Moore setae at apical rim, gonocoxite 2 variously shaped, et al. 1987: 283; Lorenz 1998: 395. with two large ventro-lateral and one slender Type species. Coptoglossus sulcatulus Chaudoir, 1869, dorso-median ensiform setae, invariably without by monotypy. subapical nematiform seta. Diagnosis. A genus of the tribe (or subfamily) Because of the barely excised apex of the elytra Lebiini (-inae), characterised by uniformly black or and the slightly projecting eyes of most species, slightly violaceous colour, completely and deeply striate elytra, barely excised apex of the elytra, some species were originally described as and tarsal claws not denticulate. The following platynines, and one species was still regarded characters which are common to all species, are as a platynine until this paper (Coptoglossus not further mentioned in the descriptions: labrum porphyriacus, see Moore et al. 1987). The short­ elongate and quadrangular; palpi narrow and ened elytra, elongate labrum and shape and elongate, at apex slightly transverse, sparsely structure of the female gonocoxite 2, however, but completely pilose; antenna moderately demonstrate that the genus belongs to Lebiini elongate, pilose from mid of antennomere IV; rather than Platynini. The glabrous tarsal claws mental tooth triangular, mentum bisetose, and the weakly sinuate apex of the elytra, how­ submentum bisetose and with two additional ever, suggest a rather basal systematic position setae situated more posteriad; glossa narrow within Lebiini. Based on holdings of the large and elongate, bisetose; paraglossae hyaline, far Australian collections, specimens are rarely surpassing glossa; lacinia narrow and elongate, collected. This may partly explain our poor with rather few spines on internal margin; knowledge of the genus and the uncertainty elytra completely and deeply striate, intervals about its systematic position. convex, striae very finely punctulate; apex of elytra oblique, barely sinuate; 3rd interval with Distribution. Eastern Australia from eastern three setiferous punctures; 13-14 setiferous Victoria to south-eastern Queensland.

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1 2

3 4

FIGS 1-4. Coptoglossus species, habitus (body lengths in brackets). 1, C. sulcatulus Chaudoir (6.5 mm); 2, C. porphyriacus (Sloane) (10.6 mm); 3, C. carteri (Sloane) (9.3 mm); 4, C. excisicollis sp. nov. (12.8 mm).

Coptoglossus sulcatulus Chaudoir, 1869 (QM); 1♀, 28°11’S × 153°11’E Lower Coomera 3 (Figs 1, 5, 10, 14) Dec 94-9 Jan 1995 G.B. Monteith & H. Janetzki, 350 Coptoglossus sulcatulus Chaudoir, 1869: 125; Moore et al. m (CBM); 1♂, South Emu Creek, Via Emu Vale, S. E. 1987: 283; Lorenz 1998: 395. Qld. 22.v.1969 B. Cantrell (UQIC). Material. HOLOTYPE: sex not identified, Melbourne Type locality. ‘Melbourne’, Victoria. (MHNP). New records: New South Wales, 1♂, Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from the other Stanwell Park, 1 km W rail sta., xi.2001, C. Reid species by much smaller size, wide pronotum, (AMS); 1♀, Minnamurra Falls, 10 ml W. Kiama and large, laterally well produced eyes. 27.xii.1974 H. & A. Howden (CBM); 1♀, Woy Woy 9.08. C. D. (UQIC). Queensland: 1♀, Bunya Mts. Partial redescription. Measurements. Length: (26.50S 151.33E) 3 km from summit on Kingaroy 6.4-6.6 mm; width: 2.7-2.85 mm. Ratios. Width/ Rd. 6.i.70 Britton, Holloway, Misko (ANIC); 1♀, length of pronotum: 1.46-1.48; width widest 27.404°S × 152.801°E Scrub Road, Mt. Nebo SF, 23 diameter/base of pronotum: 1.14-1.17; width Sept 2008 G.B. Monteith (QM); 1♀, 28°04’S, 152°24’E of pronotum/width of head: 1.13-1.16; length/ Mt. Mitchell, 1060 m 2 Dec 1991-6 Jan 1992 D.J. Cook width of elytra: 1.43-1.47.

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Colour. (Fig. 1) Very dark piceous to black, labrum, channel moderately wide, lateral margin slightly mandibles, palpi, and antennae reddish. Legs upturned. Striae deep, at bottom finely crenulate, pale brown, knees slightly lighter. Lower sur­ intervals convex. Anterior discal puncture located face reddish in middle, darker laterally, more at 3rd stria, both median and posterior punctures or less brown. in middle of 3rd interval. 13-14 marginal punc­tures present, series rather interrupted Head. (Fig. 5) Large and wide (in group), eyes in middle. Setae of different length but some very large, laterally well produced, orbits very very elongate. Microreticulation on intervals small, oblique. Clypeus comparatively short and dense and distinct, punctures extremely fine wide, apical margin of labrum very slightly and barely recognisable, pilosity very short but sinuate. Mandibles moderately elongate, base not fairly distinct, declined, surface rather dull. markedly depressed. Antennomeres VI and VII c. 1.75 × as long as wide. Posterior supraorbital Lower surface. Metepisternum moderately seta situated well in front of posterior margin of elon­gate, 1.5-1.6 × as long as wide at apex. eye. Surface of head with distinct, isodiametric Microreticulation fine and slightly super­ficial, microreticulation, no punctures and no pilosity moderately transverse. visible, surface fairly dull. Legs. Male protarsus biseriately squamose. Pronotum. (Fig. 5) Comparatively wide, though Male genitalia. (Fig. 10) Genital ring moderately little wider than head, widest at apical fourth wide, almost symmetric, laterally evenly convex, or third. Apex gently excised, anterior angles with very convex base and narrow, short, obtuse­ produced but very widely rounded; lateral ly triangular apex. Aedeagus comparatively margin in anterior half convex, posteriad very small, moderately voluminous, basal part narrow, slightly sinuate. Base in middle straight, laterally at tip markedly curved down, lower surface oblique-convex, basal angles very obtuse, almost very slightly concave, upper surface convex, rounded off. Apex not perceptibly margined, with short, fairly stout, triangular-convex apex. base margined. Lateral margin anteriorly rather Internal sac complexly folded, without any narrow, widened towards base, margin upturned, sclerotised pieces, but with some extremely finely marginal channel deep throughout, posteriad denticulate folds. Left paramere large, triangular, deepened. Disc rather depressed,­ median line with rather narrow, convex apex. Right paramere and anterior transverse sulcus distinct, the rather short and wide, basal part curved down. posterior transverse sulcus remarkably deep. Female gonocoxites. (Fig. 14) Gonocoxite 1 very Anterior lateral seta inserted at apical fourth, large, gonocoxite 2 small, short, markedly at or slightly in front of widest diameter, seta curved, with moderately stout ventro-lateral slightly displaced from margin. Posterior ensiform setae. lateral seta inserted at basal angle. Surface with several fine, shallow, slightly irregular, trans­ Variation. Few differences noted, even between verse strioles, with distinct, slightly transverse specimens from southern New South Wales microreticulation, and fairly dist­inct, almost erect and south-eastern Queensland. pilosity, surface rather dull. Distribution. South-eastern Victoria through Elytra. (Fig. 1) Comparatively short and wide, eastern New South Wales to south-eastern slightly widened towards apical third, but not Queensland, inland to the Bunya Mountains. oviform, dorsal surface moderately convex. Humerus very widely rounded, lateral margin Collecting circumstances. One specimen collected slightly but evenly convex, apex oblique, very in ‘Nothofagus forest’, others in ‘Rainforest, under slightly sinuate, incurved towards suture. Lateral log’, ‘RF, bark spray’, ‘Intercept’, ‘Intercept Trap’.

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5 6

7 8

9

FIGS 5-9. Coptoglossus species, head and pronotum; 5, C. sulcatulus Chaudoir; 6, C. porphyriacus (Sloane), male; 7, C. porphyriacus (Sloane), female; 8, C. carteri (Sloane); 9, C. excisicollis sp. nov.

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Relationships. On the basis of the relatively mandibles, palpi, and antennae reddish. Legs large eyes, the moderately elongate mand­ dark brown to almost black, knees slightly ibles, and the biseriately squamose male lighter. Lower surface reddish in middle, darker protarsus, it is most similar to C. porphyriacus laterally, more or less dark brown. (Sloane); however, as the mentioned characters are plesiomorphic, the similarity could be due Head. (Figs 6, 7) Rather large and wide (in group), only to the presence of primitive features which eyes in males large, laterally well protruded, orbits do not demonstrate close relationship. As both small, oblique; eyes in females considerably species rather differ in other character states, smaller and far less produced laterally, orbits e.g. colouration, shape of pronotum and elytra, longer and less oblique. Clypeus comparatively they may not actually be closely related. short and wide, apical margin of labrum very slightly sinuate. Mandibles moderately elongate, Coptoglossus porphyriacus (Sloane, 1910) base not markedly depressed. Antennomeres VI comb. nov. and VII c. 1.75 × as long as wide. Posterior (Figs 2, 6, 7, 11, 15) supraorbital seta situated at posterior margin Platynus porphyriacus Sloane, 1910: 455; Sloane 1915: 461. of eye. Surface of head with very fine and super­ Colpodes porphyriacus (Sloane); Darlington 1956: 4; Moore et ficial, isodiametric microreticulation, very fine al. 1987: 219; Lorenz 1998: 394. punctures but no pilosity visible, surface rather Material. Holotype: almost completely missing from glossy. card (ANIC). New records: Victoria: 1♀, Buln Buln, 16 Nov 1958 C.G.L. Gooding (ANIC); 1♀, Wilson’s Pronotum. (Figs 6, 7) Comparatively narrow, Prom N.P. Lilly Pilly Tr. 15 May 1978 S. & J. Peck (ANIC); little wider than head, widest at apical third. 1♂, Club Terr. E.Vic. 30.i.1967. G.B. Monteith (UQIC). Apex gently excised, anterior angles produced New South Wales: 1♀, Dorrigo. W. Heron. B.M.1934- but widely rounded; lateral margin in anterior 232 (BMNH); 1♂, Lilyvale 17:2:1973 D.A. Doolan half slightly convex, posteriad oblique and /Coptoglossus sp. Det. B.P. Moore 1998 (AMS); 1♂, Barrington Tops Via Salisbury, 28-30.xii.1965. B. Cantrell straight or very slightly sinuate. Base straight (UQIC). Queensland: 1♂, Mt. Glorious, Tenison Woods, in middle, laterally slightly oblique-convex, 27.17.30S, 152.45.02E, 757 m, 16.8.2007, leg. M. Baehr basal angles obtuse. Apex not margined, base (CBM). laterally margined, in middle not or barely Type locality. ‘Illawarra’, New South Wales. margined. Lateral margin anteriorly rather Note. The specimens very closely match the narrow, much widened towards base, margin description of Sloane (1910), I have no doubt that upturned, marginal channel deep throughout, they belong to this species. posteriad deepened. Disc rather depressed, Diagnosis. Easily distinguished from all other median line and anterior transverse sulcus species by the elongate elytra and their viol­ distinct, the posterior transverse sulcus remark­ aceous colour, and by the elongate, spoon- ably deep. Anterior lateral seta inserted at apical shaped apices of aedeagus and genital ring. third, at or slightly in front of widest diameter, seta slightly displaced from mar­gin. Posterior Partial redescription. Measurements. Length: 9.1- lateral seta inserted at basal angle. Surface with 10.6 mm; width: 3.5-3.95 mm. Ratios. Width/ several fine, shallow, slightly irregular, transverse length of pronotum: 1.24-1.25; width widest strioles, with very fine and superficial, slightly diameter/base of pronotum: 1.14-1.18; width transverse microreticulation,­ and extremely short, of pronotum/width of head: 1.11-1.14; length/ barely perceptible, almost erect pilosity, surface width of elytra: 1.58-1.61. fairly glossy. Colour. (Fig. 2) Dark brown to almost black, Elytra. (Fig. 2) Comparatively elongate and elytra with distinct violaceous lustre; labrum, narrow, very slightly widened towards apical

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10 11 a a

c c b b e e

d d

12 13 a a c

b c b e e d d

FIGS 10-13. Coptoglossus species, male aedeagus and parameres (scale bars in brackets). 10, C. sulcatulus Chaudoir (0.25 mm); 11, C. porphyriacus (Sloane) (0.5 mm); 12, C. carteri (Sloane) (0.25 mm); 13, C. excisicollis sp. nov. (0.5 mm). a,aedeagus left lateral view; b, right paramere; c, left paramere; d, genital ring; e, apex of genital ring, lateral view.

Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1) 91 Baehr, M. third, dorsal surface rather convex. Humerus Distribution. Distributed from eastern Victoria very widely rounded, lateral margin very slightly through eastern New South Wales to south- convex, apex oblique, barely sinuate, incurved eastern Queensland. towards suture. Lateral channel moderately wide, lateral margin slightly uptur­ ned. Striae Collecting circumstances. Largely unknown, deep, at bottom finely crenulate, intervals convex. though the specimen from Mt. Glorious was Anterior discal puncture located at 3rd stria, both fogged from the bark of the base of a rainforest median and posterior punctures in middle of 3rd tree. The localities of the other specimens are probably also in rainforest. interval. 13-14 marginal punctures present, series rather inter­rupted in middle. Setae of different Relationships. See C. sulcatulus Chaudoir. lengths but some very elongate. Microreticulation on intervals dense and distinct, punctures Coptoglossus carteri (Sloane, 1915) extremely fine and barely visible, pilosity very (Figs 3, 8, 12, 16) short and only visible in lateral view, declined, Platynus carteri Sloane, 1915: 460. surface moderately glossy. Coptoglossus carteri (Sloane); Darlington 1963: 1; Moore et al. 1987: 283; Lorenz 1998: 395. Lower surface. Metepisternum elongate, c. 2 × as Material. Syntype: According to Moore et al. (1987) long as wide at apex. Microreticulation extremely the single specimen that I examined some years ago fine and very superficial, moderately transverse. in the Sloane Collection (ANIC), is a syntype. New records: New South Wales: 1♀, Stanwell Park, 1 km Legs. Male protarsus biseriately squamose. W rail sta., xi.2001, C. Reid (AMS); 1♂, Dorrigo. W. Heron / Coptoglossus sp. nov. (AMS); 1♀, Ulong, East Male genitalia. (Fig. 11) Genital ring narrow and Dorrigo W. Heron /Coptoglossus det. B.P. Moore elongate, rather symmetric, almost parallel- 1999 (AMS); 1♀, Lilyvale 11-11-1973 / Coptoglossus sided, with moderately convex base and carteri (Sl.) det. B.P. Moore 1999 (AMS); 1♀, elongate, comparatively wide, spoon-shaped Minnamurra Falls, 10 ml W. Kiama 27.xii.1974 H. & A. Howden (ANIC). Queensland: 2♂♂, 27°22’S, apex. Aedeagus large, voluminous, basal part 152°11’E Ravensbourne NP, 740 m 1 Dec 1991-7 Jan narrow, markedly curved down at tip. Lower 1992 D.J. Cook (CBM, QM); 1♀, 26°43’S, 152°34’E surface in middle almost straight, upper surface Sunday Ck. Conondale Ra, 900 m 29 Nov 1991-7 Jan convex, with large and fairly elongate, slightly 1992 D.J. Cook (QM); 1♀, 26°53’S, 151°36’E Bunya Mts, 1040 m 7 Jan 1992–1 Mar 1992 D.J. Cook (QM); spoon-shaped apex. Internal sac complexly 1♂, 28°06’S, 152°24’E Spicer’s Peak summit, 30-31 folded, without any sclerotised pieces, but Dec 1993. 1200 m G.B. Monteith (QM). with some extremely finely denticulate folds. Type locality. Dorrigo, New South Wales. Left paramere large, rather triangular, with rather narrow, obliquely convex apex. Right Diagnosis. Distinguished from C. sulcatulus paramere wide but small, with narrow, almost Chaudoir and C. porphyriacus (Sloane) by acute apex, basal part curved down. the elongate mandibles and the uniseriate squa­mosity of the male protarsus; from C. Female gonocoxites. (Fig. 15) Gonocoxite 1 large, excisicollis sp. nov. distinguished by smaller gonocoxite 2 small, short, moderately curved, size, much wider pronotum with narrower with stout ventro-lateral ensiform setae. base and lateral margin not excised, and much less stout and voluminous aedeagus. Variation. Little variation noted in most external characters. However, some sexual dimorphism Partial redescription. Measurements. Length: seems to exist, as the available males possess 8.9-10.6 mm; width: 3.8-4.25 mm. Ratios. Width/ much larger and more laterally produced eyes length of pronotum: 1.28-1.30; width widest than the females. diameter/base of pronotum: 1.13-1.20; width

92 Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1) Coptoglossus Chaudoir of pronotum/width of head: 1.23-1.28; length/ transverse microreticulation which is barely width of elytra: 1.47-1.51. visible, and extremely short, barely perceptible, almost erect pilosity, surface fairly glossy. Colour. (Fig. 3) Dark piceous to black, but head in some specimens more or less reddish; Elytra. (Fig. 3) Rather short and wide, very pronotum and elytra with indistinct, very narrow, slightly widened towards apical third, dorsal reddish margin; labrum, mandibles, palpi, and surface rather depressed. Humerus very widely antennae reddish. Legs dark brown to almost rounded, lateral margin very slightly convex, black, but tarsi more or less dark reddish. apex oblique, barely sinuate, incurved towards Lower surface reddish in middle, darker later­ suture. Lateral channel moderately wide, later­ ally, more or less dark brown. al margin slightly upturned. Striae deep, at bottom not or barely crenulate, intervals Head. (Fig. 8) Rather elongate (in group), convex. Anterior discal puncture located at eyes moderately large, moderately produced 3rd stria, both median and posterior punctures laterally, orbits fairly elongate, oblique. Clypeus in middle of 3rd interval. 13-14 marginal comparatively elongate and triangular, api­ punctures present, series rather interrupted cal margin of labrum very slightly sinuate. in middle. Setae of different lengths but some Mandibles elongate, almost porrect, base some­ very elongate. Microreticulation on intervals what depressed. Antennomeres VI and VII c. very fine and dense, markedly transverse, 1.5 × as long as wide. Posterior supraorbital punctures extremely fine and barely visible, seta situated at posterior margin of eye. Surface pilosity very short and only visible in lateral of head with only traces of extremely fine and view, declined, surface moderately dull. superficial, isodiametric microreticulation; very fine punctures but no pilosity visible, surface Lower surface. Metepisternum rather elongate, glossy. c. 1.8 × as long as wide at apex. Microreticulation extremely fine but distinct, moderately trans­ Pronotum. (Fig. 8) Moderately wide, consider­ verse, lower surface dull. ably wider than head, widest at apical third. Apex gently excised, anterior angles produced Legs. Male protarsus uniseriately squamose. but widely rounded; lateral margin in anterior Male genitalia. (Fig. 12) Genital ring wide, half slightly convex, posteriad oblique and slightly asymmetric, with convex base and straight or very slightly sinuate. Base in middle short, triangular apex. Aedeagus moderately straight, laterally slightly oblique-convex, basal large, comparatively slender, basal part fairly angles obtuse. Apex not margined, base laterally stout, not much curved down at tip. Lower margined, in middle not or barely margined. surface gently concave throughout, upper sur­ Lateral margin rather narrow anteriorly, much face moderately convex but in middle slightly widened towards base, margin upturned, impressed, with short, fairly stout, triangular marginal channel deep throughout, posteriad apex. Internal sac complexly folded, without deepened. Disc rather depressed, median line any sclerotised pieces, but with some extremely and anterior transverse sulcus distinct, the finely denticulate folds. Left paramere large, posterior transverse sulcus very deep. Anterior triangular, with rather narrow, obliquely convex lateral seta inserted at apical third, at or apex. Right paramere rather narrow and elong­ slightly in front of widest diameter, seta slightly ate, basal part not much curved down. removed from margin. Posterior lateral seta inserted at basal angle. Surface with several Female gonocoxites. (Fig. 16) Gonocoxite 1 large, fine, shallow, slightly irregular, transverse gonocoxite 2 small, short, moderately curved, strioles, with very fine and superficial, slightly with very stout ventro-lateral ensiform setae.

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Variation. Some variation noted in body size dia­meter/base of pronotum: 1.28-1.35; and relative width of pronotum as compared width of pronotum/width of head: 1.25- with head and elytra. 1.30; length/width of elytra: 1.42-1.43. Distribution. Distributed from eastern New Colour. (Fig. 4) Dark piceous to black, head in South Wales south of Sydney to south-eastern most specimens more or less reddish; pronotum Queensland. and elytra with indistinct, very narrow, reddish margin; labrum, mandibles, palpi, and antennae Collecting circumstances. Labelled specimens reddish. Legs dark brown to almost black, but were sampled in ‘RF, Intercept’ which means knees and tarsi slightly lighter. Lower surface that they were collected in a flight intercept reddish in middle, darker laterally, more or trap in rainforest. less dark brown. Relationships. Most similar to C. excisicollis sp. Head. (Fig. 9) Rather elongate (in group), eyes nov. in the eyes being little produced laterally, comparatively small, little protruded laterally, the mandibles being elongate, almost porrect, orbits elongate, oblique-convex. Clypeus compar­ and the uniseriately squamose male protarsus. atively elongate and triangular, apical margin Because the mentioned characters are apo­ of labrum very slightly sinuate. Mandibles very morphic,­ their similarity most probably indicates elongate, porrect, base distinctly depressed. close relationship between these species. In C. Antennomeres VI and VII c. 1.5 × as long as wide. carteri, however, the characters states mentioned Frontal furrows short but distinct, in anterio- are plesiomorphic in comparison with those of median part of frons also with a slightly triang­ C. excisicollis. ular impression. Posterior supraorbital seta situated slightly behind posterior margin of eye. Coptoglossus excisicollis sp. nov. Surface of head with traces of extremely fine (Figs 4, 9, 13, 17) and superficial, isodiametric microreticulation; very fine punctures but no pilosity visible, Material. Holotype: ♂, Tooloom Plateau, via Woodenbong, New South Wales. 30-31.xii.1966. G.B. surface glossy. Monteith (QM T156362). Paratypes: Queensland: Pronotum. (Fig. 9) Moderately wide, distinctly 1♀, QLD: 28.188’S × 153.121’E Lamington NP, IBISCA 700A 9 Nov-2 Dec 2008. Malaise RF, G.B. wider than head, widest at or slightly in front Monteith (QM); 1♀, Queensland. Tallebudgera of middle. Apex deeply excised, anterior angles Valley 12.xi. 2000 D.J. Cook ex log in RF (QM); 1♂, far produced and only slightly obtuse at tip; Mt Tamborine NP, Palm Grove, 23.8.2007, leg. M. lateral margin markedly convex throughout, Baehr (CBM). New South Wales: 1♀, Bundgean 25 km NE Kyogle 22.XI.1986 New South Wales D.J. deeply excised just in front of basal angles. Scambler / K255273 / Coptoglossus Det. B.P. Moore Base in middle straight, laterally very slightly 1999 (AMS). oblique, basal angles rectangular, acute at tip, Etymology. The name refers to both the short but well produced laterally. Apex not margined, deep prebasal excision and the deep excision of the base rather coarsely margined. Lateral margin apex of the pronotum. anteriorly fairly wide, moderately widened to­ Diagnosis. Distinguished from all other species wards base, margin upturned, marginal channel by the large size and the strongly excised lateral deep throughout, posteriad evenly deepened. margins of the pronotum. Disc slightly convex, median line rather deep and almost complete, anterior transverse Description. Measurements. Length: 12.4-13.9 sulcus shallow, posterior transverse sulcus mm; width: 5.25-5.7 mm. Ratios. Width/ moderately deep. Anterior lateral seta inserted length of pronotum: 1.14-1.18; width widest behind apical third, slightly in front of widest

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14 15

16 17

FIGs 14-17. Coptoglossus species, female gonocoxite 2 (scale bars: 0.1 mm). 14, C. sulcatulus Chaudoir; 15, C. porphyriacus (Sloane); 16, C. carteri (Sloane); 17, C. excisicollis sp. nov. diameter, seta slightly displaced from margin. Elytra. (Fig. 4) Comparatively short and wide, Posterior lateral seta inserted at basal angle. distinctly widened towards apical third, slightly Surface with many very fine, shallow, slightly oviform, dorsal surface rather convex. Humerus irregular, transverse strioles, with traces only very widely rounded, lateral margin slightly of extremely fine and superficial, slightly trans­ convex, apex oblique, barely sinuate, incurved verse microreticulation which is barely visible, towards suture. Lateral channel moderately and with very fine punctures and extremely short, wide, lateral margin slightly upturned. Striae almost erect pilosity, barely perceptible even deep, at bottom finely crenulate, intervals under high magnification, surface fairly glossy. convex. Anterior discal puncture located at 3rd

Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1) 95 Baehr, M. stria, both median and posterior punctures specimens from logs in rainforest, other specimens in middle of 3rd interval. 13-14 marginal punc­ most probably also sampled in rainforest. tures present, series rather interrupted in middle. Setae of different length but some Relationships. Related to C. carteri (Sloane), but very elongate. Microreticulation on intervals in certain characters revealing the apomorphic very fine and dense, markedly transverse, state as compared with C. carteri. punctures extremely fine and barely visible, pilosity extremely short and only visible in KEY TO SPECIES OF THE GENUS lateral view under very high magnification, COPTOGLOSSUS CHAUDOIR declined, surface moderately dull. 1. Small species, body length <7 mm; pro­ Lower surface. Metepisternum rather short, c. 1.5 notum wide, ratio width/length >1.45; eyes × as long as wide at apex. Microreticulation large and strongly projecting laterally (Fig. extremely fine, on thorax rather superficial, 5); aedeagus large and stout, with trian­gular, on abdomen distinct, moderately transverse, symmetric apex (Fig. 10). .sulcatulus Chaudoir thorax rather glossy, abdomen duller. —— Larger species, body length >8.5 mm; pro­ notum narrower, ratio width/length <1.3 Legs. Male protarsus uniseriately squamose. (Figs 6-9); eyes varied but when large and Male genitalia. (Fig. 13) Genital ring moderately strongly projecting laterally, elytra with wide, slightly asymmetric, with convex base and distinct violaceous tinge (Fig. 3); aedeagus either narrower, or with differently shaped, narrow, obtuse, rather short apex. Aedeagus not triangular or asymmetric apex (Figs 11- large, very voluminous, basal part fairly stout, 13) ...... 2 at tip not much curved down. Lower surface in middle gently convex, upper surface very 2. Very large species, body length >12 mm; convex, with short, stout, slightly lancet-shaped pronotum narrow, with short but deep apex. Internal sac complexly folded, without excision in front of basal angles; apex also any sclerotised pieces, but with some extremely deeply excised and apical angles markedly finely denticulate folds. Left paramere large, protruding (Fig. 9); elytra short, wide and not triangular, with wide, convex apex. Right oval-shaped with dorsal surface convex paramere rather narrow and elongate, basal (Fig. 4); aedeagus very stout and high, with part not much curved down. somewhat lancet-shaped apex (Fig. 13); gonocoxite 2 very narrow and elongate Female gonocoxites. (Fig. 17) Gonocoxite 1 very (Fig. 17)...... excisicollis sp. nov. large, gonocoxite 2 narrow and elongate, gently —— Smaller species, body length <10.6 mm; pro­ curved, with very acute apex, with a narrow, notum wider, lateral margin barely excised remarkably elongate and markedly curved in front of basal angles, apex less deeply dorso-median ensiform seta and two narrow excised and apical angles protruding far and elongate ventro-lateral ensiform setae. less (Figs 6-8); either elytra short and wide but not oval-shaped and more depressed Variation. Little variation noted. (Fig. 3), or elytra dorsally convex but much longer and narrower and rather parallel- Distribution. Extreme north-eastern New South sided (Fig. 2); aedeagus less stout and high, Wales and adjacent south-eastern Queensland with asymmetrically triangular or spoon- in Lamington and Tamborine National Parks. shaped apex (Figs 11, 12); gonocoxite 2 short and stout (Figs 15, 16)...... 3 Collecting circumstances. One specimen coll­ ected in ‘Malaise RF’ (= rainforest), two other 3. Elytra black, short, wide and rather depress­

96 Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1) Coptoglossus Chaudoir

ed, ratio length/width <1.5 (Fig. 3); eyes in Coptoglossus is quite similar to the Oriental both sexes only moderately protruding genus Peripristus Chaudoir, 1869 which, how­ laterally (Fig. 8); male protarsus uniseriately ever is apomorphic in several aspects of its squamose; aedeagus less stout, with external morphology. In view of a number of asym­metrically triangular apex (Fig. 12) plesiomorphic character states, Coptoglossus ...... carteri (Sloane) indeed may represent one of the most basal —— Elytra distinctly violaceous, narrow and genera of Pericalina. Hence the original descript­ elongate, dorsally convex, ratio length/ ion of two species as belonging to the platynine width >1.6 (Fig. 2); eyes in males markedly genus Platynus and the arrangement of the protruding laterally (Fig. 6); male protarsus genus within Platynini is understandable, even biseriately squamose; aedeagus stouter, when the genus originally was described as with wide, spoon-shaped apex (Fig. 11) a lebiine belonging to the ‘Thyréopterides’ ...... porphyriacus (Sloane) which in Chaudoir’s (1869) sense was identical with what today is called Pericalina. REMARKS Unfortunately, the phylogenetic relations of the many genera of Pericalina are far from Specimens of Coptoglossus are rare in coll­ being settled, because the group is numerous ections and this may be because we have little in the tropical and subtropical regions of all information about their habits and habitat continents, and usually work has been done preferences. Indeed, the (few) recorded collecting only on the fauna of a single continent without circumstances are quite different and include any comparisons with the faunas of other Malaise and intercept traps as well as bark regions. fogging of logs and tree trunks, and collecting from or under logs. But almost all recorded Grouping of species within the genus is localities seem to be located in rainforest, either difficult, because the species are quite different in subtropical rainforest or temperate and upland character states as well in external morphology Nothofagus rainforest. Many localities are lowland and in the male and female genitalia. However, and there is a pattern in C. porphyriacus, C. according to the shape of the squamosity on carteri and C. sulcatulus of living close to sea- the male protarsus, C. carteri and C. excisicollis level in the southern parts of their range, and liv­ may be related, as they possess uniseriately ing on plateaus in the northern parts in south­ern squamose protarsi which seems to represent Queensland. It seems therefore, that the species a syna­pomorphic character state, whereas the of this genus mainly inhabit temperate rainforest, biseriately squamose male protarsus in C. and that they probably live on or under the bark sulcatulus and C. porphyriacus is plesiomorphic of trees and logs. and hence is not suitable for any phylogenetic reasoning. Based on the structure of the labrum and female gonocoxites, the genus Coptoglossus Coptoglossus sulcatulus and C. carteri possess belongs to the lebiine subtribe Pericalina (= a much smaller aedeagus than C. porphyriacus Catascopina, = Coptoderina, = Thyreopterina and C. excisicollis, so the distribution of this of different authors), but certainly not to the character state contradicts the above grouping. tribe Platynini as in Lorenz (1998, 2005) and, Within the genus, C. sulcatulus is peculiar by for example, in Wikispecies (2009). Within the its small body size and the wide prothorax; C. subtribe Pericalina, in the structure of the porphariacus by its violaceous colouration, the labium, tarsal claws, female gonocoxites, and spoon-shaped apex of the aedeagus, and the chaetotaxy of the terminal abdominal sternum, sexual dimorphism in the size of the eyes; C.

Memoirs of the Queensland Museum | Nature  2012  56(1) 97 Baehr, M. carteri by the comparatively slender and low LITERATURE CITED aedeagus; and C. excisicollis by the large body Chaudoir, M. de 1869. Mémoire sur les size, odd-shaped prothorax, and the slender Thyréoptérides. Annales de la Société entomologique and elongate female gonocoxite 2. As in many de Belgique 12: 113-162. basal groups throughout the animal king­ Darlington, P.J. Jr. 1956. Australian carabid beetles dom, in the genus Coptoglossus the morph­ III. Notes on the Agonini. Psyche, Cambridge 63: ological differences between species are 1-10. considerable which probably reflects the rather 1963. Australian carabid beetles XIII. Further notes high age of the genus, as compared with more on the Agonini, and a genus of Licinini new to Australia. Breviora of the Museum of Comparative modern genera within Pericalina. Zoology 183: 1-10. The occurrence of a genus of Pericalina, Lorenz, W. 1998. Systematic List of extant Ground Beetles basal in terms of its phylogenetic status, in the of the World (Insecta Coleoptera ‘Geadephaga’: temperate south-east of Australia is important Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae. Rhysodidae). 502 pp. (Printed by with respect to biogeographic questions, because the author: Tutzing). the subtropical, but even more so the temperate 2005. Systematic List of extant Ground Beetles of the World rainforests of south-eastern Australia, are rather (Insecta Coleoptera ‘Geadephaga’: Trachypachidae and old environments which harbour a number of Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae. Rhysodidae). genera and species which also occupy a basal 2nd ed. 530 pp. (Printed by the author: Tutzing). systematic position within their respective tribes. Moore, B.P., Weir, T.A. & Pyke, J.E. 1987. Carabidae. The genus Coptoglossus seems to be one of these Pp. 23-320. In Walton, D.W. (ed) Zoological Cata­ logue of Australia Volume 4, Coleoptera: Archostemata, old, indigenous inhabitants. Myxophaga and Adephaga. (Aust­ralian Government Publication Service: Canberra). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Sloane, T.G. 1910. Revisional notes on Australian Carabidae. Part iii. Proceedings of the Linnean I am grateful for the kind loan or gift Society of New South Wales 35: 435-458. of specimens to Greg Daniels (Brisbane), 1915. Studies in Australian Entomology. No. Xvii. New Geoff Monteith (Brisbane), Conrad Gillett genera and species of Carabidae. (Pamborini, (London), David Britton (Sydney), and Tom Migadopini, Broscini, Cuneipectini, Nomiini, Pterostichini, Platynini, Oodini, Harpalini, Weir (Canberra). The Deutsche Forschungs­ Lebiini). Proceedings of the Linnean Society of gemeinschaft (DFG) is thanked for several New South Wales 40: 438-473. grants for collecting trips in Australia and Wikispecies 2009. Platynini. http://species.wikimedia. visits to certain Australian collections. org/wiki/Platynini

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