DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Copenhagen, SAXO Institute, Department of History, August 2012

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University of Copenhagen, SAXO Institute, Department of History, August 2012 Norse brothers Social Democratic anti-Communism in Norden 1945-1962 Bjørnsson, Iben Publication date: 2012 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Bjørnsson, I. (2012). Norse brothers: Social Democratic anti-Communism in Norden 1945-1962. Københavns Universitet, Humanistisk Fakultet. Download date: 25. sep.. 2021 NORSE BROTHERS Social Democratic anti-Communism in Norden 1945-1962 PHD-THESIS University of Copenhagen, SAXO Institute, Department of History, August 2012 Author: Iben Bjørnsson Supervisor: Poul Villaume 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 4 SOURCES ............................................................................................................................. 5 ABOUT THE TITLE ............................................................................................................... 6 ORGANISATION NAMES ..................................................................................................... 7 DEFINITIONS ....................................................................................................................... 8 Anti-communism ............................................................................................................... 8 Security ............................................................................................................................. 9 Securitisation ................................................................................................................... 10 Intelligence and propaganda ........................................................................................... 11 Norden and Scandinavia ................................................................................................. 12 A NOTE ON THE USE OF THEORY .................................................................................... 14 THE THESIS ........................................................................................................................ 14 What I will not write about .............................................................................................. 15 2. COLD WAR HISTORIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................... 16 ‘CULTURE’ AND THE COLD WAR ..................................................................................... 17 THIS THESIS IN EXISTING HISTORIOGRAPHY .................................................................. 18 NORDEN AND THE COLD WAR ....................................................................................... 20 SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES ........................................................... 22 Denmark ......................................................................................................................... 23 Sweden ........................................................................................................................... 24 Norway ........................................................................................................................... 25 Fragments: on the topic of this thesis ............................................................................... 26 3. ON ELITES & CORPORATIONS ........................................................................................ 27 THE POLITICS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ............................................................................. 28 4. ON STATE, PARTY AND POST-WAR (SOCIAL) DEMOCRACY ......................................... 31 LABOUR NORDISM ........................................................................................................... 31 BECOMING ‘THE PEOPLE’: DE-RADICALISATION ............................................................ 33 THE SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC STATE .................................................................................... 37 5. SEEDS OF HATRED: SOCIAL DEMOCRACY AND COMMUNISM .................................... 40 PRE WWII: PARTING .......................................................................................................... 40 POST WWII: CEMENTING ................................................................................................. 45 6. EDUCATE! AGITATE! ORGANISE! .................................................................................... 48 MIRRORING THE ENEMY .................................................................................................. 55 7. DENMARK ........................................................................................................................ 57 AIC ..................................................................................................................................... 57 INTELLIGENCE AND REGISTRATION ................................................................................ 59 CONTACT TO OTHER ANTI-COMMUNIST ORGANISATIONS ......................................... 60 8. SWEDEN ........................................................................................................................... 62 PERSONNEL CONTROL ..................................................................................................... 63 THE MAKING OF GROUP B/IB .......................................................................................... 64 GROUP B AT WORK .......................................................................................................... 66 9. NORWAY .......................................................................................................................... 68 HAAKON LIE AND ROLF GERHARDSEN ........................................................................... 68 HAWKS AND DOVES: THE SPLIT ....................................................................................... 72 10. SCANDINAVIA: COMMON CONCLUSIONS ................................................................. 75 11. FINLAND ........................................................................................................................ 81 TANNER, LESKINEN AND THE LEGACY OF WAR .............................................................. 81 1 THE FCMA TREATY ............................................................................................................ 83 FINLAND AND SAMAK ...................................................................................................... 84 THE NORWEGIAN CONNECTION .................................................................................... 85 WITH A LITTLE HELP FROM THEIR FRIENDS: FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ANTI- COMMUNISM ................................................................................................................... 87 SAK, WFTU AND ICFTU ..................................................................................................... 92 TROUBLES ......................................................................................................................... 94 12. ICELAND ......................................................................................................................... 99 A STORY OF TURMOIL ...................................................................................................... 99 SETTING THE ICELANDIC HOUSE OF LABOUR IN ORDER: SCANDINAVIAN INVOLVEMENT ................................................................................................................ 104 13. ODD ONES OUT: COMMON CONCLUSIONS ............................................................ 112 14. COOPERATION: THE ANTI-COMMUNISM OF NORDEN ........................................... 115 15. 1945-49: STARTING UP AGAIN ................................................................................... 118 THE OFFICIAL SETTING: SAMAK ..................................................................................... 118 LABOUR CONFERENCES ................................................................................................. 125 BACK IN SAMAK .............................................................................................................. 127 A SPECIAL MEETING: HELSINGBORG 1949 .................................................................... 129 Communist organisation ................................................................................................ 129 Militancy ....................................................................................................................... 130 Finances ........................................................................................................................ 130 1945-49: IN CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 131 16. 1950-54: SETTLING INTO THE COLD WAR ................................................................. 134 A SECOND MEETING: STOCKHOLM 1950 ...................................................................... 135 Communist organisation, finances, campains and contacts ............................................ 136 Sabotage and security ................................................................................................... 137 BETWEEN MEETINGS ....................................................................................................... 139 NAMES: HELSINKI 1950 ................................................................................................... 141 Communist organisation and tactics
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Martin Tranmæl, Sentral Person I Jorunn Bjørgums Tanker Rundt Oppgaven Å Skrive Arbeider- Bevegelsens Historie
    Martin Tranmæl, sentral person i Jorunn Bjørgums tanker rundt oppgaven å skrive arbeider- bevegelsens historie. 146 JORUNN BJØRGUM Forskning i arbeiderbevegelsens historie Et tilbakeblikk og et framtidsperspektiv Hvordan tenker jeg arbeiderbevegelsens historie bør skrives framover. Hva er gjort, hva må gjøres? Slik lød den første formuleringen av oppgaven. Lenin salig ihukommelse. Avgrensningen til hva jeg mener bør gjøres, er nok fornuftig. For noen ordentlig redegjørelse for hva som er gjort, ville selvsagt sprengt rammen fullstendig. Men uansett må jeg jo ta utgangspunkt i hvor vi kommer fra for å kunne tenke omkring hvor vi skal videre. Derfor starter jeg likevel med historien, eller rettere med historiografien – det vil si med min egen del av den, med min egen utvik- ling som forsker. Jeg fortolker altså oppgaven jeg har fått til «hva har jeg gjort og hva synes jeg bør gjøres» i forlengelsen av det. Som stikkord for det jeg skal si, vil jeg bruke Martin Kolbergs plagiat av Martin Tranmæl: fagbevegelsen, fagbevegelsen, fagbevegelsen. Først og fremst er det på fagbevegelsens historie jeg vil mene kreftene bør settes inn i tiden framover. En grunn til dette er min egen faglige, det vil si historiefaglige, inter- esse. Det var jo med fagbevegelsen jeg i sin tid startet som forsker, ble tent og bevarte interessen videre. Etter historie hovedfagseksamen høsten 1968, begynte jeg som oppdragsforsker, engasjert av et av LO-forbundene, Norsk Kjemisk Industriarbeiderforbund, til å skrive en historisk framstilling i anledning forbundets forestående 50-årsjubileum i 1973. Kjemisk var stiftet i 1923 som resultat av at LO-kongressen samme år hadde vedtatt omlegging av organisasjonsformen fra fagforbund til industriforbund.
    [Show full text]
  • Watchdog for the Future
    Global Challenges Foundation Global Challenges Quarterly Report Watchdog for the future: the journalist as pioneer of a new global narrative GLOBAL CHALLENGES QUARTERLY REPORT WATCHDOG FOR THE FUTURE: THE JOURNALIST AS PIONEER OF A NEW GLOBAL NARRATIVE Quarterly report team Project leader: Carin Ism Editor in chief: Julien Leyre Researcher and project coordinator: Waldemar Ingdahl Art director: Elinor Hägg Graphic design: Erik Johansson Contributors Netta Ahituv Katie G. Nelson Journalist, Haaretz Newspaper. Journalist and photographer. Kristine Angeli Sabillo Dina Samak Journalist. Journalist, Al Ahram. Peter Berglez Amanda Siddharta Professor, Media and Communication Journalist. Studies, Jönköping University. Lynn Walsh Janine di Giovanni Journalist. Edward Murrow Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations. Amy Wilentz Writer and professor, Literary Journalism Katharina Kloss program, University of California. Editor in chief, Cafébabel. Cristina Manzano Director, esglobal. THE GLOBAL CHALLENGES FOUNDATION works to incite deeper under- standing of the global risks that threaten humanity and catalyse ideas to tackle them. Rooted in a scientific analysis of risk, the Foundation brings together the brightest minds from academia, politics, business and civil society to forge transformative approaches to secure a better future for all. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors. Their statements are not necessarily endorsed by the affiliated organisations or the Global Challenges Foundation. 2 Global Challenges Quarterly Report 2018 Contents Preface 7 Executive Summary 8 Part 1. Watchdog for the future 12 1.1 A front row seat to history – Lynn Walsh 15 1.2 The journalist and the UN – Janine di Giovanni 21 1.3 Keeping powers in check – Amanda Siddharta 27 1.4 Reshaping climate reporting: four challenges and one sign of hope – Kristine Angeli Sabillo 33 Part 2.
    [Show full text]
  • DE NORSKE KRIGSANSTRENGELSER En Fornyet Undersøkelse Av Ralph Hewins
    Stiftelsen norsk Okkupasjonshistorie, 2014 OG NR. 23·24·25 - 18. ÅRGANG JUI.. EN 1969 LØSSALG KR. 3,- «APRILDAGENE»: DE NORSKE KRIGSANSTRENGELSER En fornyet undersøkelse av Ralph Hewins Il. VAR REpJERINGEN I FUNKSJON? Sammenfiltret med kon-' nasjonen kan ikke sies å dagstider . De tyske hær- og troversen om mobilisering være «i krig» i den vanlige l marinesjefer, Engelbrecht er et annet separat spørs- mening av uttrykket. Et va- og Kunmetz, ble løslatt av mål - hvorvidt Norge på cuum (tomrom) oppstår og nordmennene som hadde noen måte var «i krig», slik Ihvis inntrengeren lykkes i å tatt dem tilfange, og luft­ NS-medlemmer domfelt for okkupere storparten av lan- attache Spillers styrke fikk «landssvik» er forutsatt å ha det effektivt, går suvereni- frivillig lov å vende tilbake visst og som J. C. Hauge ny- teten over til ham og Haa- til Oslo uskadd efter Midt­ lig erklærte i retten. gerkonvensjonen trer auto- skogenaksjonen natten mel- «Er ikke et invadert land matisk ikraft med forrang 10m 9. og 10. april. Bortsett automatisk i krig» skrek An- foran den nasjonale lov i fra isolerte handlinger av næus Schjødt, aktor i Quis- meget vid utstrekning efter- spontan tapperhet var mot­ ling-saken, retorisk til meg som det passer ham. standen like ynkelig som efter en .middag i British, På alle fem punkter anty- før krigspolitikken med «det Embassy I 1964. r der jeg at Norge hadde brukne gevær». Dette er en side ved «retts- mangler og ufullkommen- De tre andre punkter tren­ oppgjøret» som ikke har heter i «aprildagene». ger nærmere undersøkelse. blitt undersø~t grundig n<;>k.
    [Show full text]
  • Econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Bjerkholt, Olav Working Paper Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973) Memorandum, No. 08/2018 Provided in Cooperation with: Department of Economics, University of Oslo Suggested Citation: Bjerkholt, Olav (2018) : Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973), Memorandum, No. 08/2018, University of Oslo, Department of Economics, Oslo This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/202629 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu MEMORANDUM No 08/2018 December 2018 Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973) Olav Bjerkholt ISSN: 0809-8786 Department of Economics University of Oslo This series is published by the In co-operation with University of Oslo The Frisch Centre for Economic Department of Economics Research P.
    [Show full text]
  • Literaturverzeichnis
    Literaturverzeichnis Die Literaturliste folgt der deutschen Alphabetisierung, d.h.: aa und a, werden an den Beginn und nicht an das Ende des Alphabetes gestellt, die Umlaute ce und 0 als ä und ö behandelt. Examensarbeiten, hovedoppgaver, die nicht über den Buchhandel erhältlich sind, sondern nur in Universitäts- und Institutsbibliotheken bzw. dem Archiv der Arbeiterbewegung eingesehen werden können, sind mit * gekennzeichnet, während die publizierten Ex­ amensarbeiten mit -+ versehen sind. -+ Knut Aagesen, Fagopposisjonen av 1940 [Die Gewerkschaftsopposition von 1940], in: 1940 - Fra n0ytral ti1 okkupert [1940 - von neutral bis okkupiert], Oslo 1969 * 0yvind Aasmul, Bruddet i Bergens arbeiderparti i 1923 [Die Spaltung in der Arbeiterpartei in Bergen 1923], Universität Bergen 1977 * Ame Alnces, So1kjerringer og fiskbcerere. Om arbeideme pä klippfiskbcergan i Kristiansund pä 1930-tallet [Sonnenweiber und Fischträger. Über die Arbeiter auf den Trockenfisch­ klippen in Kristiansund in den 1930er Jahren], Universität Trondheim 1982 Hans Amundsen, Christofer Homsrud, Oslo 1939 Ders., Trygve Lie - gutten fra Grorud som ble generalsekretcer i FN [Trygve Lie-der Junge aus Grorud, der UNO-Generalsekretär wurde], Oslo 1946 * Trond Amundsen, Fiskerkommunismen i nord: Vilkarene for kommunistenes oppslutning pä kysten av 0st-Finnmark i perioden 1930-1940 [Fischereikommunismus im Norden: Bedingungen für die Zustimmung für die Kommunisten in den Küstengebieten von Ost-Finnmark in der Periode 1930-1940], Universität Troms0 1991 Haakon With Andersen, Kapitalisme med menneskelig ansikt ? Fra akkord ti1 fast 10nn ved Akers Mek. Verksted i 1957 [Kapitalismus mit menschlichem Gesicht ? Von Akkord zu festem Gehalt in Akers Mechanischen Werkstätten im Jahre 1957], in: Tidsskrift for arbeiderbevegelsens historie, 2 ( 1981) Roy Andersen, Sin egen fiende. Et portrett av Asbj0rn Bryhn [Sein eigener Feind.
    [Show full text]
  • DSA's Options and the Socialist International DSA Internationalism
    DSA’s Options and the Socialist International DSA Internationalism Committee April 2017 At the last national convention DSA committed itself to holding an organizational discussion on its relationship to the Socialist International leading up to the 2017 convention. The structure of this mandatory discussion was left to DSA’s internationalism committee. The following sheet contains information on the Socialist International, DSA’s involvement with it, the options facing DSA, and arguments in favor of downgrading to observer status and withdrawing completely. A. History of the Socialist International and DSA The Socialist International (SI) has its political and intellectual origins in the nineteenth century socialist movement. Its predecessors were the First International (1864-1876), of ​ ​ which Karl Marx was a leader, and the Second International (1889-1916). In the period of ​ the Second International, the great socialist parties of Europe (particularly the British Labour Party, German Social Democratic Party, and the French Section of the Workers International) formed and became major electoral forces in their countries, advancing ideologies heavily influenced by Marx and political programs calling for the abolition of capitalism and the creation of new systems of worker democracy. The Second International collapsed when nearly all of its member parties, breaking their promise not to go to war against other working people, rallied to their respective governments in the First World War. The Socialist Party of America (SPA)—DSA’s predecessor—was one of the very few member parties to oppose the war. Many of the factions that opposed the war and supported the Bolshevik Revolution came together to form the Communist International in 1919, which over the course of the 1920s became dominated by Moscow and by the 1930s had become a tool of Soviet foreign policy and a purveyor of Stalinist orthodoxy.
    [Show full text]
  • Finn Moe - En Utenrikspolitisk Biografi
    1 Finn Moe - en utenrikspolitisk biografi Vebjørn Kristen Elvebakk Hovedfagsoppgave i historie Universitetet i Oslo, Historisk institutt Høsten 2004 2 Forord Først og fremst vil jeg takke Knut Einar Eriksen for konstruktiv og hyggelig veiledning gjennom hele dette arbeidet. Takk fortjener også alle ved NUPI, herunder spesielt Erik Nord, Andreas Selliaas, John Kristen Skogan og personalet ved biblioteket. Sven Holtsmark ved IFS har sjenerøst stilt sitt private arkiv til disposisjon og vært en god rådgiver og samtalepartner. Min medstudent Nils August Andresen har kyndig foretatt nødvendige oversettelser fra russisk til norsk. Takk også til Guri Hjeltnes, Finn Olstad og Even Lange som har kommet med gode faglige råd og interessant informasjon. Halvard Fossheim ved Filosofisk institutt, UiO har bistått meg med oversettelse fra fransk og fortolkning av Finn Moes gullmedaljeoppgave. Beate Elvebakk har foreslått språklige forbedringer og ellers gitt mange nyttige tips og vink. Takk også til alle som i sin travle hverdag har latt seg intervjue. Endelig må jeg fremheve imøtekommenheten fra personalet ved Arbeiderbevegelsens Arkiv og Bibliotek, Nasjonalbiblioteket, Riksarkivet, Stortingsarkivet og Utenriksdepartementets arkiv. Aller mest takk til Elen. Oslo, 16.10.2004. Vebjørn Elvebakk 3 Innholdsfortegnelse Innledning 4 Oppgavens bakgrunn og problemstilling 4 Kapittel 5: Avgrensning og struktur 6 Tøvær og tro på forandring (1955-1964) 90 Betraktninger rundt metode og sjanger 8 Nye premisser 91 Litteratur 10 Konvergens og atomtrusselens perspektiver
    [Show full text]
  • The Sørmarka Declaration We Build the Nordics
    THE SØRMARKA DECLARATION WE BUILD THE NORDICS SAMAK WE BUILD THE NORDICS INTRODUCTION 3 SOLIDARITY CREATES FREEDOM 4 POLITICAL CHALLENGES AND POSSIBILITIES IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES TOWARDS 2030 8 POLITICAL CAPACITY AND LEADERSHIP 35 A GREENER LABOUR MOVEMENT 37 This political declaration was adopted by the congress held by the co-operation committee of the Nordic Social Democratic parties and trade union LOs – SAMAK – 12 November 2014 at Sørmarka, outside Oslo, Norway. The declaration is based on a unique research project for the future of the Nordic model, NordMod2030. The first Workers’ Congress was held in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1886. SAMAK member organizations: The Social Democratic Party, Sweden LO, Sweden The Labour Party, Norway LO, Norway The Social Democratic Party of Finland SAK/FFC, Finland The Social Democrats, Denmark LO, Denmark The Social Democratic Alliance Samfylkingin, Iceland ASI, Iceland Føroya Javnadarflokkurin, The Faroe Islands Siumut, Greenland Åland Social Democrats 2 INTRODUCTION It is time to look ahead. During the last century, the Social Democrats, together with the trade union movements, were the first to introduce radical social developments in the Nordic countries, which made it possible to achieve living conditions at a level previously unknown in the history of humanity. There is still, however, so much to be achieved. The various challenges of the twenty-first century are easily identified but difficult to overcome. The threat of climate change, for example, an ageing population and ever-increasing competition are no longer future threats - they are with us now. I am firmly convinced, however, that the broad based labour movement, with its values and its approach to difficulties, has the necessary tools to convert these challenges into opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Temaplan Kulturminner Kristiansund 2021-2027
    TEMAPLAN KULTURMINNER KRISTIANSUND 2021-2027 Fotokilder: Mellemværftet – Vardetårnet – Hauggata (Petter Ingeberg) / Kvalvik Fort (Kvalvik Forts Venner) Temaplan – Kulturminner Kristiansund 2021-2027 (Kulturenheten, TMY, 13.04.21) TEMAPLAN – KULTURMINNER KRISTIANSUND 2021 – 2027 ............................................................... 5 Verdisetting og verdivekting. ................................................................................................................................................. 5 Representativitet og sjeldenhet. ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Opplevelsesverdier. ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Bruksverdier, fysisk tilstand og vedlikehold. .......................................................................................................................... 6 Økonomi og bruksverdi. ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Føringer. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Nasjonalt. .............................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Who Needs Norwegians?" Explaining the Oslo Back Channel: Norway’S Political Past in the Middle East
    Evaluation Report 9/2000 Hilde Henriksen Waage "Norwegians? Who needs Norwegians?" Explaining the Oslo Back Channel: Norway’s Political Past in the Middle East A report prepared by PRIO International Peace Research Institute, Oslo Institutt for fredsforskning Responsibility for the contents and presentation of findings and recommendations rests with the author. The views and opinions expressed in the report do not necessarily correspond with the views of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Preface In September 1998, I was commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to carry out a preliminary study looking into Norway’s role in the Middle East. According to the agreement with the Ministry, the study should focus on the years prior to 1993 and examine whether Norway’s political past in the Middle East – and, not least, the mediating and confidence-building efforts of Norwegians prior to the opening of the secret Oslo Back Channel – had had any influence on the process that followed. The study should also try to answer the question ‘Why Norway?’ – that is, what had made Norway, of all countries, suitable for such an extraordinary task? The work on the study started on 15 September 1998. The date of submission was stipulated as 15 April 2000. This was achieved. The following report is based on recently declassified and partly still classified documents (to which I was granted access) at the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the verbatim records of the Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee, records of government proceedings and the Norwegian Parliament, Labour Party Archives, documents from the US State Department and the Socialist International – to mention the most important.
    [Show full text]
  • 0000 290347 SF Internasjonal Politikk 0904.Indb
    4 • 09 Innhold 581 Leder 585 Norden, Europa eller USA? De udenrigspolitiske overvejelser i forbindelse med købet af de danske F-16-fl y Jens Ringsmose og Laust Schouenborg 611 Hvorfor lykkes vi ikke bedre i Afghanistan? En analyse av anvendelsen av luftmakt i Afghanistan anno 2009 Dag Henriksen 645 Forskningsinstitusjon med gode forbindelser: NUPI og norsk politikk Øystein Haga Skånland Fokus: NUPI 50 år 679 Et liv i krig, fred og utvikling: NUPIs første femti år, 1959–2009 Anders C. Sjaastad 745 NUPI som forskningsinstitusjon: Institusjonell identitet og faglige bidrag Arild Underdal Hilsninger fra søsterinstitutter 755 Er NUPI der det hender? Oss femtiåringer imellom Kristian Berg Harpviken 759 Hilsen til NUPI ved 50-års jubileet Peter Johan Schei 762 NUPI er på plass! Anne Lene Dale Sandsten 00000000 229034790347 SSFF IInternasjonalnternasjonal ppolitikkolitikk 00904.indb904.indb 557777 119.10.099.10.09 110.320.32 765 Hilsning fra DIIS Nanna Hvidt 766 En ung forskers møde med NUPI Erik Beukel 769 Den nordiska balansen: ett utdrag ur den utrikespolitiska debatten Raimo Väyrynen Anmeldelser: NUPI 50 år 778 Peace-Keeping. Experience and evaluation – the Oslo papers Sverre Lodgaard 780 «The Nordic Balance. Past and Present», Cooperation and Confl ict 1(2): 30–63 og «Nordisk balanse før og nå», Internasjonal Politikk 25(5): 491–541 Halvard Leira 784 Norsk sikkerhetspolitikk i strategisk perspektiv John Kristen Skogan 787 Det politiske Europa – Europeisk integrasjon: Teori, idé og praksis Pernille Rieker og Ulf Sverdrup 790 Politikk og sikkerhet i Norskehavsområdet. Om de enkelte land og våre felles problemer Morten Skumsrud Andersen 792 The Arab-Israeli Confl ict – Psychological Obstacles to Peace Anne Marie Aanerud 794 Hjelp til selvhjelp.
    [Show full text]
  • November 16,1979 Wing Gains in Local Elections
    November 16,1979 KEESING'S CONTEMPORARY ARCHIVES 29939 A. NORWAY Cabinet Reshuffle following punishment - Right_ had been abolished under ordinary criminal law in wing Gains in Local Elections - Complete Abofido; of 1905, the dealh penalry could still be Capital invoked in iime of war Punishment - Extension of Barents Sea Fishing u-nder.tne,mrhtary penal code (as it was after the Second Wtrld Agreement with Soviet Union War in the case of certain collaborators *iif, if,. German occupying forces). Following a serious setback for the Labour party in local ..Grey electionselecnons:ctions heldnetd on sept.Sept. l6-1716-17 andand corresponding gains for the Extension of Barents Sea Zone" Fishins Asreement wilh rigtrt, an extensive reshuffle of the minority Libour Cabinet Soviet Union - Crash of Soviet \4'arplane dn forwegian Territory Ied bybv Mr Odvar Nordli was announcedennnrrnned ^-on Oct.A^r 5.< TheTl,- ^h-----changes constituted the first major reorganization of the Cabinet siice . T!.e Noryggian-Soviet provisional agreement on fishing in the disputed Mr Nordli assumed the premiership in January 1976 [see "grey zone" of the Barents Sea-which had blen signed in January 1978 ?75-!p A!, although_following the September 1977 elections fsee [see 2890j A) and which had been 28670 Al certain adjustments had been made in Januarv and extended for a l2-month period from July l, 1978-was December 1978 [see 28833 B; 29445 B]. extended-for a further year under an exchange of letters be- tween officials in Oslo on July 19'19. Sincelhe signature In the local elections the Labour Party's share the vote fell l, of of to the provisional fishing agreement, negotiations 36.5 per cent compared with 38.1 per cent in the corresponding elec- had continued tions in 1975 and 42.4 per cent in the 1977 general election,-while on the substantive issue of the delimitation of the Barents Sea that of the Conservatives increased to 29.2 per cent from 22.6 per {see also 276m A), but by mid-October 1979 no agreement cent in 1975 and 24.7 per cent in 1977.
    [Show full text]