RESOURCE BULLETIN Winter 2014 Volume 28 :: Number 2

endered erspectives Gon InternationalP Development

IN THIS ISSUE Greetings from the Center for Gender in Global Context (GenCen) at Michigan State University, the host center for the Gender, Development, and Globalization (GDG) Articles ...... 1 Program, formerly the Women and International Development (WID) Program!

Audiovisuals ...... 4 The Gendered Perspectives on International Development Working Papers Seriesis Monographs and Technical pleased to announce the publication of its newest paper: Reports ...... 6 GPID Working Paper #303 (December 2013): Periodicals ...... 14 Gender, Power, and Traumatic Stress in a Q’eqchi’ Refugee Community in Mexico, by Faith R. Warner, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania. Books ...... 15

Study Opportunities . . . . . 19 This paper is available online for free at www.gencen.isp.msu.edu/ and the rest of the Working Papers Series is available at www.gencen.msu.edu/publications/ Grants and Fellowships . . . 21 papers.htm.

Conferences ...... 24 As always, we encourage submissions and suggestions from our readers! We especially invite graduate students, scholars, and professionals to review one of a Calls for Papers ...... 26 number of books that are available for review. We also encourage submissions by authors and publishers of relevant articles and books for inclusion in future issues. Online Resources ...... 28 Remember, the current issue of the Resource Bulletin, along with the most recent Book Review ...... 30 back issues, is now online! Visit gencen.msu.edu/publications/bulletin.htm.

Thank you very much, and enjoy the Winter 2014 issue of the Gendered Perspectives on International Development Resource Bulletin!

Executive Editor: Anne Ferguson, PhD Managing Editor: Kristan Elwell, MPH, MA Editorial Assistants: Varsha Koduvayur **The contents of this publication were developed under a Title VI grant Michael Gendernalik from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do Edited by: Galena Ostipow not necessarily represent the policy or views of the U.S. Department of Education.** Articles

Development and Change skills and qualities to it. This article realms of the market, politics, and Volume 44, Issue 5 draws on research in Ethiopia, Mali, and technologies. This article explores an “The Return of Displaced Nuer in Tanzania to assess recent experiences of intimate dimension of globalization by Southern Sudan: Women Becoming development interventions supporting analyzing the transnational marriage Men?” by Katarzyna Grabska, 2013, pp. women’s collective action in agricultural trend among women in northeast 1135-1157. Conceptualizing war-time markets. Thailand (Isan’s) villages. The phua displacement as a catalyst for social farang (foreign husband) phenomenon change, this article examines the Gender and Development Journal in Isan epitomizes the intimate link gendered emplacement experiences Volume 21, Issue 2 between the global political economy of returnee displaced women in the “Feminist Mobilization and Progressive and individuals’ desires, aspirations, aftermath of the recent (1983-2005) Policy Change: Why Governments and imagination in the private realm of civil war in South Sudan. The article Take Action to Combat Violence personal and marital relationships. The attempts to shed light on the strategies Against Women,” by Laurel Weldon phua farang phenomenon is embedded of returnee women in transforming and and Mala Htun, pp. 231-247. Some in a context of spatial and economic contributing to their communities in the national governments have adopted inequalities at the local, national, and context of an independent South Sudan. a wide variety of measures to address global levels, and manifests classed It focuses specifically on their gendered violence against women, including legal and gendered strategies by which emplacement strategies to access reform, public education campaigns, marginalized subjects attempt to land, livelihoods and political rights. and support for shelters and rape crisis transcend the limited opportunities for Through these diverse actions, some centers, but other governments have upward social mobility available to these women contest and reconfigure gender done little to confront the problem. women. identities while others reinforce unequal What accounts for these differences power relations within their households in policy? To answer this question, we Gender, Work & Organization and communities. These gendered analyzed policies on violence against Volume 20, Issue 5 emplacements emphasize the hybridity women in 70 countries from 1975 to “Chinese Male Peasant Workers of place, identity and self in processes of 2005. Our analysis reveals that the most and Shifting Masculine Identities in social transformation. important and consistent factor driving Urban Workspaces,” by Xiaodong policy change is feminist activism. Lin and Martin Mac an Ghaill, 2013, Volume 21, Issue 2 This plays a more important role than pp. 498–511. A key feature of China’s “Women’s Collective Action in African left-wing parties, numbers of women internal rural–urban migration is the Agricultural Markets: the Limits of legislators, or even national wealth. In transformation of work from a rural- Current Development Practice for Rural addition, our work shows that strong, based agricultural sector to urban-based Women’s Empowerment,” by Sally vibrant domestic feminist movements industrial and service sectors. This Baden, pp. 295-311. A wide range of use international and regional article critically examines the interplay development actors play a major role conventions and agreements as levers between urban work and accompanying in initiating, supporting, and promoting to influence policy-making. Strong local social relations in the workplace (that is, collective action of various forms, which movements bring home the value of service and low-skilled manual jobs) and aims to secure economic and wider global norms on women’s rights. the (re)construction of male peasant benefits to women, through improving workers’ subjectivities and identity their engagement in markets. But Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal formation. The qualitative data from there is limited understanding of what of Feminist Geography the men’s life histories suggest that works for rural women in terms of their Volume 20, Issue 6 familial gender practices, conceptualized participation in collective action, and the “From Rural Life to Transnational as an appropriation of the traditional “empowerment” benefits to be gained Wife: Agrarian Transition, Gender Confucian “father–son” relationship, from it. Gendered power dynamics Mobility, and Intimate Globalization are of importance in shaping the men’s in mixed-sex organizations seeking to in Transnational Marriages in occupationally located shifting identities improve livelihoods through collective Northeast Thailand,” by Sirijit Sunanta in traditional urban “female” jobs. This action often lead to different and and Leonora Angeles, pp. 699-717. exploratory study aims to examine unequal outcomes for women. Women’s Popular and academic discourses of complex and multilayered accounts of motives for collective action often differ globalization are often gender biased, rural–urban labor migration, in terms of from men’s, and they bring different focusing on formal and impersonal how the men accommodate themselves 1 to the city, involving both material this point by identifying two separate researchers undertook the mapping constraints (structure) and creative gendered discourses of legitimization of Thenzawl handloom cluster and cultural practices (agency). Their that attempt to reconcile hegemonic observed that of the 205 micro biographical transformations are located masculinities with the current contexts handloom enterprises operating there within wider socioeconomic and political and circumstances that IDPs face. These interestingly, 98% of the entrepreneurs transformations were women. We highlight associated with the impact of micro China’s current handloom enterprises on modernization livelihood in terms of the project, of which extent of dependence of they are a major entrepreneur households constitutive on handloom enterprises, component. the proportion of small weavers (on the basis Volume 20, Issue 6 of looms owned) and “Traumatic income earned from the Masculinities: enterprises in the cluster. the Gendered The article also offers Geographies of suggestions to initiate Georgian IDPs from cluster development Abkhazia,” by Peter activities in the cluster to Kabachnik et al., enable it to sustain their 2013, pp. 773-793. initiative and grow. Over 200,000 people became internally International Journal of displaced after Feminist Politics several violent Volume 15, Issue 3 conflicts in the early “Bukusu (Kenya) 1990s in Georgia. Folktales: How Women For many internally Perpetuate Patriarchy,” displaced persons by Namulundah Florence, (IDPs), gender 2013, pp. 370-390. This relations have been transformed new traumatic masculinities coexist with article explores gender depictions in significantly. This translates to hegemonic masculinities, although the Bukusu folktales compiled in “From our many women taking on the role of latter are reformed and redefined as Mothers’ Hearths: Bukusu Folktales and breadwinner for their family, which a result of the new contexts and new Proverbs” (2005). The folktales portray often is accompanied by the process places within which they are performed. males as courageous and possessing of demasculinization for men. In this inordinate power, even over death. In article, we examine the construction of Indian Journal of Gender Studies contrast, females are confined to the masculinities and analyze the gendered Volume 20, Issue 3 domestic sphere; they can be malicious processes of displacement and living “Women Weavers in Mizoram: and are often indecisive as well as in post-displacement for Georgian IDPs Sustaining Livelihood through Cluster subordinate and dependent on men. from Abkhazia. The authors identify the Development,” by Rama Ramswamy Women take leadership roles in the formation of “traumatic masculinities” and N.V.R. Jyoti Kumar, pp. 435–452. absence of males. Since documented as a result of the threats to, though not The handloom industry continues to folktales reinforce a gender hierarchy, usurpation of, hegemonic masculinities. play an important role in the Indian narrators, consciously or not, perpetuate Drawing on interviews, they highlight economy, providing employment to negative female imagery and invisibility. how IDPs conceptualize gender norms 27.83 lakh households. Nearly 77% Folktales depicting women’s agency and masculinities in Georgia. Despite of this workforce comprises women highlight the ambivalent contradiction of the disruptions that displacement has who are located in rural areas. This women’s social role. brought about, with the subsequent article is a study of Thenzawl handloom challenges to IDPs’ ideal masculine cluster in Mizoram, a remote corner Jenda: A Journal of Culture and roles, the discourses of hegemonic of India’s north-east, which has African Women’s Studies masculinities still predominate amongst become a model of entrepreneurship Number 12 IDPs. The authors further illustrate for marginalized tribal women. The “Assessing the Progress Made by 2 ARTICLES African Countries in Meeting the a wide variety of factors. Women who the higher yields achieved by the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) had or were able to access capital when household head may be explained in on Eliminating Gender Disparity in they arrived at the landing site to set up terms of social norms that require male Education,” by Gladys Mutangadura, their own enterprise had a significant members to spend the earnings from 2012. Target 3 of the Millennium advantage over those who did not, some plots under his control exclusively Development goals states “Eliminate particularly in avoiding establishing on household public goods, which in gender disparity in primary and sexual relationships in order to get turn provides other family members the secondary education preferably by support. Being able to establish their incentive to voluntarily contribute labor 2005, and at all levels by 2015.” In own business enabled women to avoid on his farms. Using expenditures data, adopting the Millennium Development lower paid and more risky work such as as well as measures of rainfall to capture Goals, African countries pledged to fish processing and selling or working in weather-related shocks to agricultural eliminate gender disparity in primary, bars. The development of landing sites income, the authors show that the secondary and also tertiary education and the leisure industry may be having household head has a higher marginal by 2015. This article details the an impact on how women earn money propensity to spend on household progress made by African countries at the landing sites, with the most public goods than other household towards achieving this MDG target desirable economic opportunities not members. The fact that the head of the since the baseline year of 1991. There necessarily being connected directly to household is usually male accounts for have been notable positive trends fishing. the gendered pattern in labor allocation in closing the gender gap at primary and yields across different farm plots. school level. However eliminating Oxford Center for the Study of the gender disparities at secondary African Economies Women’s Studies International and tertiary levels has been slow and Volume 61, Issue 3 Forum remains a major challenge in many “Gender, Social Norms, and Household Volume 40 African countries. Other outstanding Production in Burkina Faso,” by “Discourses of Gender Identities and challenges include addressing the high Harounan Kazianga and Zaki Wahhaj, Gender Roles in Pakistan: Women dropout rates of girls from all levels of 2013, pp. 539-576. Empirical studies and Non-Domestic Work in Political education, the high gender disparities of intrahousehold allocation have Representations,” by Julia Grünenfelder, in education still evident in rural and revealed that, in many instances, pp. 68-77. This paper aims to explore remote areas, limited availability of gender is an important determinant in some of the manifold and changing links data, and poor social security and social the allocation of resources within the that official Pakistani state discourses protection systems. The article suggests household. Yet within the theoretical forged between women and work from recommendations to help accelerate literature, why gender matters within the 1940s to the late 2000s. The focus the progress towards closing the gender the household remains an open of the analysis is on discursive spaces gap. question. This article proposes a simple that have been created for women model of intra-household allocation engaged in non-domestic work. Starting Journal of Eastern African Studies based on a particular social institution from an interpretation of the existing September 2013 for the organization of agricultural academic literature, this paper argues “Making a Livelihood at the Fish- production practiced among certain that Pakistani women’s non-domestic landing Site: Exploring the Pursuit of ethnic groups in West Africa. The work has been conceptualized in Economic Independence Amongst study highlights how this institution, three major ways: as a contribution Ugandan Women,” By Georgina while resolving certain problems to national development, as a danger Pearson et al., pp. 1-17. Qualitative of commitment and informational to the nation, and as non-existent. life history data were used to explore asymmetry, can also lead to a gendered The paper concludes that although the experiences of women who live at pattern in the allocation of productive some conceptualizations of work five fish-landing sites on Lake Victoria, resources and consumption within the have been more powerful than others Uganda. We explored what economic household. Using a survey of agricultural and, at specific historical junctures, and social opportunities women have households in Burkina Faso, the study have become part of concrete state in order to try to understand why shows that plots owned by the head policies, alternative conceptualizations some women are more vulnerable to of the household are farmed more have always existed alongside them. violence and other risks than others and intensively and achieve higher yields Disclosing the state’s implication in why some women are able to create than plots with similar characteristics the discursive construction of working successful enterprises while others owned by other household members. women’s identities might contribute struggle to make a living. The ability Male and female family members who to the destabilization of hegemonic of women to create a viable livelihood do not head the household achieve concepts of gendered divisions of labor at the landing sites was influenced by similar yields. The authors argue that in Pakistan. ARTICLES 3 Audiovisuals

Agenda Feminist Media This special issue seeks to explore the who face high levels of inequality www.agenda.org.za gendered dynamics of contemporary based on their gender, race and social The Feminization of Poverty [Podcast] marital relationships. In the context of class. Their role in the household raises Poverty is gendered and calls for major social and sexual transformations, important questions about public and gendered solutions. In this podcast, we we are interested in how men and private space, endurance and choice, speak to Mercia Andrews of Trust for women experience and navigate intimate and labor and family life. For this Community Outreach and Education. life, sex, economic subsistence and film, director Gabriel Mascaro asked TCOE is a national organization that reproduction. In trying to liberate the seven adolescents to film their family’s operates mainly in the rural areas of marriage institution from its patriarchal housemaids for one week, and hand South Africa. We also hear from Sarah content and the heteronormative the footage over to him. Their images Claasen, president of Sikhula Sonke, a building blocks that uphold it, authors uncover the complex relationship that women led trade union which operates in this issue critique the marriage exists between housemaids and their as a social movement dealing with all institution by providing answers to the employers, a relationship that confuses livelihood challenges of farmwomen. following question: Is marriage a risky intimacy and power in the workplace 2013, 11 minutes. business or a safe haven? They reflect and provides us with an insight into on change and transformation in their the echoes of a colonial past that linger Gender, Sexuality, and Commodity experiences of marriage or outside of in contemporary Brazil. Housemaids Culture [Podcast] it. Topics and issues covered include exposes and explores a hidden daily The framing of discussion and debates the differing ritual advice (“go laya” in reality of Brazilian life. 2013, 76 minutes. around the broad interrelationship Setswana) given to brides and grooms of gender, sexuality and commodity in traditional marriages in Botswana; Karayuki-San, the Making of a Prostitute culture has elicited a wide range of same-sex marriages in Cape Town; The filmmaker traveling to Malaysia contributions from writers that offer child and forced marriage as harmful to interview Kikuyo Zendo, one of the fresh scholarly research and open up traditional and cultural practices which countless Japanese women who were important new ground for feminist continue to violate the rights of the kidnapped or otherwise sold into sexual thinking and reflection. In this podcast, girl children in the Southern African slavery in order to service the Japanese we chat with the guest editor of Development Community region; military in Southeast Asia. 74 years old this journal, Mary Hames, as well as continued “discarding” of a wife by at the time of filming, she offers a frank contributors Ingrid Masondo, Tanja the courts when they declare the and harrowing testimony into her horrific Bosch and Sakhumzi Mfecane. As Lewis marriage of a second or later wife in a wartime experiences, and the factors and Hames write in the introduction to dual (polygamous) marriage void; and that have led her to choose exile over the issue, the contradictory impulses of women’s experiences of intimate partner repatriation. 2012, 75 minutes. commodity culture have seemed in the violence enacted by their husbands 21st Century to on the one hand “usher within marriage. The accompanying Institute of Development Studies in limitless opportunities for individual podcast contains the real life experience tinyurl.com/jvn639t and collective transformation through of a Muslim woman who lives in one New Briefing on Islam, Sexual the acquisition of ‘things’ of resources, of South Africa’s urban centers, and Diversity and Access to Health Services technology and information.” On the two academics who are based at the Launched on International Day against other “it has both entrenched and University of KwaZulu Natal. 2012, 12 Homophobia exacerbated long-established power minutes. In this video, Muhsin Hendricks, author relations of race gender and sexuality.” of the policy brief, shares his thoughts Writers in this issue reflect upon the Icarus Films on the compatibility between faith manner global commodity capitalism in www.icarusfilms.com and sexual identity and how Islam can contemporary South Africa mediates the Housemaids have an influence on the prevention of conditions and practices of embodiment Housemaids are an integral part of the HIV. The brief is based on interviews of gender, with race and class and how household in Brazil, and participate in conducted in Bangladesh, India, sexuality is often entangled with gender the day-to-day life of the family. The Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan as a construct. 2013, 17 minutes. employment of housemaids is almost examines the relationship between obligatory among the middle and upper Islamic scripture, practice and beliefs, Marriage: A Risky Business or a Safe classes of the country. The vast majority and the influence on MSM sexual Space? [Podcast] of these housemaids are black women, behavior. Events happening around 4 the world to mark this day range from Women Make Movies Noemi Weis beautifully documents small scale gatherings to high profile www.wmm.com the grandmothers’ painstaking work media coverage, including an address Abuelas and its results—dramatic, inspiring and by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon In 1985, the Academy Award nominated sometimes controversial—as the women made at a high level intergovernmental film “Las Madres: The Mothers of Plaza make contact with grandchildren who conference where have grown up living lies he raised this as an created by their adoptive issue requiring global parents. Their tireless action. In many work continues today: the Islamic countries justice they are seeking for male to male sex is their children’s murders, criminalized which their drive to find their can have significant grandchildren, and their well-being and international status medical implications. speaking out for family The brief tracks the reunification. 2012, 28 religious basis through minutes. scripture in the Quran and offers advice to Red Wedding: Women policymakers, human under the Khmer Rouge rights defenders, The Killing Fields in Islamic scholars Cambodia became known and organizations. to the world but little is It examines ways known about the struggles of bridging the gap of the women left behind. between the scriptures From 1975-79, Pol Pot’s and the lived realities campaign to increase the in Islamic countries population forced at least and shows how having 250,000 young Cambodian access to the most women to marry Khmer up-to-date research can Rouge soldiers they had have a positive impact never met before. Sochan on these issues. 2013, 9 Pen was one of them. At 16, minutes. she was beaten and raped by her husband before ITVS Films managing to escape, though www.itvs.org deeply scarred by her Welcome to the World experience. After 30 years How much is a child’s of silence, Sochan is ready fate determined by the circumstances De Mayo” profiled the Argentinian to file a complaint with the international and location of their birth? Accepted mothers’ movement to demand to know tribunal that will try former Khmer wisdom has it that much of what the fate of 30,000 “disappeared” sons leaders. With quiet dignity, she starts happens within 24 hours of a child’s and daughters. Now three decades later, demanding answers from those who birth dictates that child’s chances of Argentina’s courageous Grandmothers, carried out the regime’s orders. To tell survival and likelihood of health and or “Abuelas,” have been searching a story little known outside Cambodia, ability to thrive in the long-term. This for their grandchildren: the children Cambodian Lida Chan and French- film documents births in Sierra Leone, of their sons and daughters who Cambodian Guillaume Suon include Cambodia, and the United States, disappeared during Argentina’s “dirty Khmer Rouge-era footage underscoring and attempts to test the hypothesis war.” The women in this film are seeking war’s traumatic legacy for Sochan’s by comparing rates of maternal answers about their children that generation of women. Awarded two mortality, communicable disease, nobody else will give—answers about prizes at Amsterdam’s prestigious women’s freedom to control their own a generation that survived, but were International Documentary Film Festival, reproductive choices, and the availability kidnapped and relocated to families this film demonstrates the liberating of healthcare in each instance. 2012, 60 linked with the regime that murdered power of speech and memory in the minutes. their parents. Argentine filmmaker quest for justice. 2012, 58 minutes. AUDIOVISUALS 5 Monographs and Technical Reports

Action Aid Empowerment Policy Dialogue: Stopping and equality to be successful, it must www.actionaid.org Violence Against Women in November include and value gender equality as “Recognize, Redistribute, Reduce the 2011. The results of this follow-up study part of its analysis and methodology for Women’s Unpaid Care Burden,” by are meant to contribute to the policy change. But while women’s rights and Hellen Malinga Apila, et al., 2013, 16pp. dialogue on violence against women gender justice are “on the agenda” in Unpaid care work refers to the work in the Pacific by showcasing successes many arenas, activists still encounter done in the home and in communities and lessons learned as well as gaps strong resistance to changing gendered from preparing food, collecting firewood and shortcomings that need renewed politics and practices within social justice and water to taking care of children, commitment by a broad range of movements and allied organizations. the ill and the elderly. Women and stakeholders. This is intended for a broad audience girls living in poverty sometimes have interested and/or involved in work to forego their basic human rights to BRIDGE Cutting Edge Packs around social movements and on an education, healthcare, decent work www.bridge.ids.ac.uk women’s rights and gender justice. and leisure time in order to balance all “Gender and Social Movements,” The Overview Report contains: a these many activities. This perpetuates by J. Horn, et al., 2013, 8 pp. Social framework for understanding social gender inequality, reinforces inequitable movements worldwide are a justice movements and some of the gender norms and keeps women and critical force for progressive social debates, challenges and tensions they girls in poverty. Action Aid International transformation, and have proven face; an introduction to women’s and Women’s Rights team piloted the effective in generating change at levels feminist movements, their visions and women’s Unpaid Care Work Program that policy, law and development strategies, and the gains they have in collaboration with Action Aid Kenya, interventions alone have not achieved. made over recent decades; an overview Uganda, Nigeria and Nepal. This program Women’s rights activists and feminists of responses by broader social justice is one of the Action Aid International’s globally have been active both in movements to issues of women’s rights contributions to the National building women’s movements and and gender justice; an assessment Development Strategies of implementing participating in other progressive social of common challenges in building countries. movements. However, women’s active gender-just movements; a description participation in social mobilization of the core elements of gender-just Australian Agency for International does not guarantee that movements movements; and some practical routes Development (AusAid) will take on the struggle for women’s for nurturing social justice movements tinyurl.com/lwwavz4 rights or embrace more just forms of that challenge unjust gender power “Violence Against Women in Melanesia gender power relations in their politics relations in all domains. and Timor-Leste,” by Mary Ellsberg, et and practice. This brief explains why al., 2012, 65pp. This report builds on it is so important for all progressive Eldis an earlier report published in 2008 by social movements to commit to thinking www.eldis.org the Office of Development Effectiveness about and transforming women’s rights “Food and Nutrition Security and (ODE) of AusAID, titled “Violence and patriarchal power relations, both Climate Change: Strategies for a Against Women in Melanesia and East in their external-facing activism and Sustainable Future,” by Lalita Joshi and Timor: Building on Global and Regional their internal cultures and practices. Marcella D’Souza, 2013, 28pp. In this Promising Approaches.” The ODE It considers some of the challenges paper, the authors examine the existing report assessed current approaches that movements face in doing this, supporting systems—institutional and to addressing violence against women and sets out some “routes to gender- social—especially in the semi-arid and and girls in five of Australia’s partner just movements” that can be tried dryland regions in India. They pinpoint countries: Fiji, Papua New Guinea and adapted in different mobilization key approaches within the system that (PNG), Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and settings. The two case studies, produced work and those that require further Timor-Leste. collaboratively with activists and improvement. They further propose the Nearly four years after data collection movement leaders, illustrate some of approaches needed at the community for the aforementioned report, AusAID these routes in action: in the global as well as policy level towards food and commissioned the International Center human rights movement, and the nutrition security. Key findings include: for Research on Women to undertake CLOC-Via Campesina movement in 1) Food and nutritional security (FNS) a follow-up study in preparation for Latin America. In order for any action or is a complex issue given its reliance on the Australia-US Pacific Women’s intervention around rights, democracy climatic as well as non-climatic factors. 6 Climate change further worsens the perpetuates food dependencies. This mobilization. The case studies feature situation as food production, one puts at risk not only the country’s food the global human rights movement of the critical ecosystem services, is sovereignty and agrobiodiversity, but (with a focus on Amnesty International), impacted the most. 2) Participation also that of households, smallholder the CLOCVia Campesina movement of rural communities, specifically the farmers and food producers. 9) The in Latin America, and the Occupy poor, women, and smallholder food- enormous challenge of addressing FNS movement in the United States. We growing farmers, is key in addressing in India can only be addressed through summarize some of the strategies each climate change-related threats to FNS. a collaborative partnership between social movement has used to encourage 3) Communities should participate in all stakeholders—local communities, the integration of women’s rights and FNS governance processes of decision- government agencies, academic and gender justice in both internal and making, planning, implementation, research institutions, financiers and external-facing work; discuss some of monitoring and evaluation. 4) There is donors, business and civil society. the challenges that the movements have a need to empower rural communities faced in implementing these strategies; through information distil common and knowledge lessons from transfer, capacity the three building and experiences; reinstituting of social and end by capital in FNS-related suggesting aspects. 5) There some is a strong case prerequisites for decentralizing for positive purchase, storage gender and distribution of transformation food grains at the in social justice district level as this movements. would value local grains, enable quick FA O response to needs, tinyurl.com/ reduce the carbon mnzose7 footprint, meet local “Governing tastes and promote Land for local markets— Women key ingredients in and Men: A strengthening FNS. Technical Guide 6) Regenerating to Support the watersheds in a Achievement holistic manner helps in revitalizing the “Why Gender Matters in Activism: of Responsible Gender-Equitable ecosystem, the base of food sources Feminism and Social Justice Governance of Land Tenure,” by and addressing biodiversity and Movements,” by Bhattacharjya, Elizabeth Daley and Clara MiYoung sustainability concerns. 7) Reducing Manjima et al., 2013, 16pp. Social Park, 2013, 220pp. On May 11, 2012, market dependability and achieving justice movements are able to generate the Committee on World Food Security food sovereignty is possible through a deep and lasting changes that policy endorsed the Voluntary Guidelines on sustainable farming approach—a mixed change and development interventions the Responsible Governance of Tenure farming system which includes livestock alone cannot achieve. However, in of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the and emphasizes organic processes and many cases, women’s rights and gender Context of National Food Security. use of indigenous cultivars and breeds. justice remain low on the priorities Based on the principles of sustainable This promotes optimal and efficient of movements, even when women development and in recognition of use of resources, is environmentally are active members. This article land’s centrality to development, these friendly, suited to the local climate, offers a preview of three case studies Guidelines are intended to contribute reduces exposure to market volatility developed as part of the BRIDGE Cutting to global and national efforts towards and promotes a balanced diet. 8) The Edge program on gender and social the eradication of hunger and poverty proposed Food Security Bill (draft) movements, which aims to inspire and by promoting secure tenure rights undermines food sovereignty. A support the inclusion of gender equality and equitable access to land, fisheries major criticism is that it promotes and principles and practices in social justice and forests. This technical guide on MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS 7 Governing Land for Women and Men Women’s Foundation of California, 5) Build the capacity of organizations. aims to assist implementation of the Commissioned by the Ford Foundation, 6) Invest in policy advocacy. 7) Focus Guidelines’ principle of gender equality 2013, 18pp. A growing number of strategic support on groups led by through the achievement of responsible organizations are making connections women of color that are creating gender-equitable governance of land between environmental justice (EJ) and innovative policy solutions. 8) Invest in tenure. At the beginning of each reproductive issues. The reproductive intermediaries. 9) Build the capacity of module, reference is made to the justice (RJ) movement is relatively foundation staff. 10) Coordinate across relevant provisions in the Guidelines. new, and explicit intersectional work funder affinity groups. 11) Keep in mind The guide focuses on equity and on with EJ is just beginning to be formally that different regions and communities how land tenure can be governed in identified and examined. In a relatively have different needs. 12) Help accelerate ways that address the different needs short period of time and with limited the engagement of community leaders and priorities of women and men. It resources, EJ/RJ groups have collected across issue areas. moves away from long-standing debates impressive energy and momentum, about gender equality in access to land, developed sophisticated analyses, and Gender and Development towards the mainstreaming of gender won key victories. Commissioned by www.bridge.ids.ac.uk issues to achieve more gender-equitable the Ford Foundation, this document is “Gender and Climate Change: Mapping participation in the processes and an executive summary of the following the Linkages—A Scoping Study on institutions that underlie all decision- two reports: “Fertile Ground: Women’s Knowledge and Gaps,” by A. Brody et making about land. Gender equality Organizing at the Intersection of al. Social justice movements are able is one of the ten core principles for Environmental Justice and Reproductive to generate deep and lasting changes implementation of the Guidelines Justice” (Movement Strategy Center that policy change and development and is closely tied to three others— 2009) and “Climate of Opportunity: interventions alone cannot achieve. human dignity, nondiscrimination, and Gender and Movement Building at the However, in many cases, women’s rights equity and justice. Gender relations Intersection of Reproductive Justice and gender justice remain low on the determine differences in the relative and Environmental Justice” (Women’s priorities of movements, even when status and power of women and men. Foundation of California 2009). women are active members. This article Gender and gender roles shape the These reports share similar foci and offers a preview of three case studies opportunities and constraints that findings—highlighting both funding developed as part of the BRIDGE Cutting women and men face in securing their opportunities and gaps that need to Edge program on gender and social livelihoods, including their access to be filled. “Fertile ground” is a national movements, which aims to inspire and land, decision-making about land, scan of organizations working at the support the inclusion of gender equality and the institutions that administer intersection of environmental health principles and practices in social justice land and other productive resources and justice and reproductive justice. mobilization. The case studies feature (FAO, 2003a). Gender-equitable “Climate of opportunity” shares lessons the global human rights movement (with governance of land tenure ensures learned from the EJ/RJ Collaborative, a focus on Amnesty International), the that women and men can participate a two-year effort of the Women’s CLOCVia Campesina movement in Latin equally in their relationships to land, Foundation of California to convene a America, and the Occupy movement in through both formal institutions selected group of community leaders the United States. We summarize some and informal arrangements for land working at the EJ/RJ intersection. This of the strategies each social movement administration and management. This joint executive summary was created has used to encourage the integration guide is a reference tool that provides to link these efforts in a useful and of women’s rights and gender justice in administrators, technicians and proactive way. It is intended for funders both internal and external-facing work; professionals working in the land sector and community organizations interested discuss some of the challenges that the with guidance and examples of good in multi-issue movement building, and movements have faced in implementing practice—what has worked, where, why elevating the voices of women of color. these strategies; distil common lessons and how—for achieving land tenure The following recommendations were from the three experiences; and end governance that is gender-equitable. developed by the Women’s Foundation by suggesting some prerequisites for of California for Funders to support positive gender transformation in social Ford Foundation EJ/RJ work 1) Map the landscape. justice movements. tinyurl.com/kg44td2 2) Develop measures of success for “Gender, Organizing and Movement intersectional organizing in collaboration ICRW Building at the Intersection of with community-based organizations. tinyurl.com/n3n93nw Environmental Justice and Reproductive 3) Invest in movement building and “Capturing the Gender Effect: Guidance Justice: Executive Summary,” by movement capacity. 4) Convene for Gender Measurement in Agriculture Movement Strategy Center and the organizations working across issues. Programs,” by Anjala Kanesathasan et 8 MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS al., 2013, 12pp. Over the policymakers must pay past decade there has attention to these strategies been growing recognition while continuing to test of the contribution innovative approaches and that women make to evaluation techniques. agricultural production around the world. Despite Institute of this attention, many Development Studies agricultural programs tinyurl.com/nxrulg3 struggle to capture the “Achieving Gender Equality difference—or the “gender Through a Post-2015 effect”—that gender Framework,” by A. Brody integration makes on key and H. Corbett, 2013, 2pp. outputs and outcomes. This policy briefing is part This technical brief, of the special MDG series produced for the Tanzania and is based on a policy Gender and Agriculture note which was the main Forum (TaGAF), draws outcome of a roundtable on the experiences of co-hosted by BRIDGE/ two projects in Mbeya, Institute of Development Tanzania—Faida Mali’s Studies, the Permanent Integrated Soil Fertility Mission of Switzerland to Management and the United Nations and the TechnoServe’s Coffee South African Government Initiative—focusing on during the 57th session the steps they have of the United Nations taken to measure the Commission on the Status “gender effect”. It is a of Women. It examines how follow-up to an earlier a post-2015 framework can brief that presents some help to promote women of the promising gender and girls’ empowerment responsive practices these and achieve gender project have underway. equality. The briefing This technical brief is calls for both a gender intended to provide specific goal and for targets agriculture practitioners and project evaluations that determine integrated across all other with an initial grounding in gender the extent to which gender-related goals. It argues for a new framework to measurement, highlighting some of outcomes have been achieved. promote gender equality as a human the critical points to consider when right and address the underlying developing and implementing gender tinyurl.com/mw563tj structural causes of gender inequality monitoring and evaluation (M&E) “Solutions to End Child Marriage: by incorporating gender-specific targets systems. Even for projects that have Summary of the Evidence,” 2013, 4pp. across all goals. incorporated clear gender goals and This policy brief highlights five evidence- approaches, there may still be a based strategies identified by ICRW Inter-American Development Bank challenge in designing M&E systems to delay or prevent child marriage: 1) www.iadb.org/en/publications/ that measure the effect of addressing Empower girls with information, skills “Sexual and Reproductive Health gender-related issues and constraints. and support networks; 2) Provide of Youth: Review of Evidence for Fortunately, there are gender tools and economic support and incentives to girls Prevention,” by Drina Saric, Paula Lopez- approaches that can help answer these and their families; 3) Educate and rally Pena, and Sigrid Vivo, 2012, 58pp. This questions. The full measurement arc parents and community members; 4) report systematizes existing knowledge includes initial gender assessments that Enhance girls’ access to a high-quality of effective interventions in the area provide details on the local gender and education; and 5) Encourage supportive of juvenile sexual and reproductive social context of agricultural production, laws and policies. In order for the next health. Its goal is to provide information ongoing monitoring that tracks the generation of development programs to for designing effective programs, progress of gender-responsive activities, make ending child marriage a priority, particularly those related to teen MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS 9 pregnancy, sexually transmitted fulfill women’s rights. The program was in South Asia, while behind East Asia, diseases and risky sexual behaviors inspired by the efforts of some national is now ahead of sub-Saharan Africa. in Latin America and the Caribbean. governments to measure time use and South Asia has also seen women’s Drawing on rigorous evidence, this make visible women’s overall workload increased political involvement, with innovative tool provides background including their work in their own their parliamentary participation rates information on key characteristics and households. Action Aid has developed higher than those in East Asia. The 2012 operational components of the various a participatory time diary tool that can Social Institutions and Gender Index chosen interventions. Innovative and be completed by the women and men (SIGI) shows that South Asia raised noteworthy components of the selected involved in the program, and helps its position from the lowest ranked programs include region in 2009 to the communication fourth ranked region techniques that in 2012 in overall promote and discrimination against encourage youth women. However, participation; the report also notes thematic that the changes in reinforcement ranking between through socio- 2009 and 2012 emotional should be interpreted development; with caution and creation of that better quality incentives for risk data—rather than aversion through an improvement in the promotion discriminatory social of self-regulation institutions—could mechanisms; also contribute to and attention to an improved score. the interaction This culturally diverse and influence of region has typically parents and peers. lagged behind on gender equality tinyurl.com/ issues. Boys still l7zbu4t generate new thinking about the time outnumber girls in primary school “Making Care Visible: Women’s Unpaid spent by different groups on care work. enrolment in Afghanistan, India, Nepal Care Work in Nepal, Nigeria, Uganda The findings from the diary analysis are and Pakistan. Furthermore, across and Kenya,” by D. Budlender and documented in this report, along with the region, girls are more likely than R. Moussie, 2013, 40pp. This report participants’ reflections on the findings boys to drop out of school and almost documents Action Aid’s multi-country and sections on national policy change half of all adult women are illiterate. program on women’s unpaid care work. and financing for public services. Action In 2005, 48 per cent of young women The program, which is based in Kenya, Aid has outlined its commitment to were married before the age of 18. Nigeria, Nepal and Uganda, recognizes this issue in its 2012-2017 strategy, Out of the nine countries in South Asia, that while all women, regardless of class, stating its intention to make women’s only Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Sri race, caste and ethnicity, are expected unpaid care work central to demands for Lanka have laws that prohibit domestic to provide care as part of their roles as quality public services financed through violence. The region is confronted by mothers, wives, and daughters, women more progressive domestic resource skewed gender ratios owing to the living in poverty are disproportionately mobilization. continued preference for boys in society, affected by this responsibility. Unpaid at least in part because of the dowry care is more difficult to do in the context International Fund for Agricultural system. In Afghanistan and Pakistan, of poverty as basic amenities, and access Development patriarchal norms isolate women in to public services are lacking. The aim of www.ifad.org their homes by placing restrictions on the program is to promote a collective “Gender and Rural Development Brief: their mobility and prohibiting contact responsibility for care provision across South Asia,” 2013, 7pp. In recent years, with the opposite sex, especially in rural numerous actors—women and men, the South Asia region has made some areas. This has significant implications the community and the government—in progress towards gender equality. The for their employment, voice and order to help to respect, protect and ratio of female-to-male life expectancy representation in public life. Despite 10 MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS challenging circumstances, IFAD and Mental Health of Goma implemented sustainable peace. The authors highlight its many partners working in South the International Men and Gender the different effects that women’s Asia have made significant strides in Equality Survey (IMAGES) in Goma, participation can have on peace talks improving the lives of women and North Kivu, Democratic Republic of and the obstacles they face, drawing girls in the region, as evidenced in Congo (DRC). A total of 708 men and on examples from the Central African the stories presented in this IFAD 754 women between the ages of 18-59 Republic, Guatemala, Northern Ireland, publication. were interviewed in: (1) rural areas and the Great Lakes region of Africa. outside Goma; (2) Goma proper; (3) They conclude that the chief mediator tinyurl.com/m8sasqq an internally displaced persons (IDP) is in a unique position to implement the “Gender and Rural Development Brief: camp; and (4) a military base near promises of Resolution 1325, and that Southeast Asia,” 2013, 7pp. Over the Goma (with officers, enlisted men and women’s participation has an impact past few decades, most countries in wives of military personnel). Qualitative not only on the peace process but also Southeast Asia have experienced strong research consisted of eight focus group on its outcome and on the durability of economic growth, which has led to discussions (four with men and four with peace. progress towards gender equality in women totaling 40 men and 51 women) several areas. Most countries have and 24 in-depth individual interviews (10 Land Portal reached gender parity in primary with men, 14 with women, respectively). tinyurl.com/mjx44nc school enrollment, and more girls This report presents preliminary findings “Addressing Gender in Climate-Smart than boys now enroll in secondary from the study. This study seeks to Agriculture,”by Q. Bernier et al., 2013, schools in the region as a whole. provide a nuanced understanding of 4 pp. ICRAF Policy Brief 14 presents Maternal mortality rates have halved. how gendered relations are affected experience from the Sustainable Economic opportunities have increased, by the conflict in the Democratic Agriculture in a Changing Climate (SACC) particularly for young, more highly Republic of Congo and in turn inform project carried out in Western Kenya, educated women. However, the region the urgent need for social development, a joint partnership of CARE, ICRAF and still faces key gender gaps in the areas humanitarian and human rights the Climate Change Agriculture and of economic empowerment, voice responses. The report is part of efforts Food Security (CCAFS) Program of the and unequal workloads. As countries by Promundo and the Sonke Gender Consultative Group on International decentralize government services to Justice Network to engage men and Agricultural Research (CGIAR). It local authorities, many have adopted boys—alongside women and girls—as underscores the importance of social equality measures regarding political change agents and activists in ending norms and intra-household decision representation, with varying results. impunity around SGBV and promoting making in influencing whether and how The region is also affected by floods, gender justice and social justice. women are able to participate in, and droughts and tropical cyclones. These benefit from, sustainable agriculture. climatic events, which are exacerbated International Peace Institute The brief cautions practitioners from by climate change, severely threaten tinyurl.com/kzoo4bf working with women separately from the livelihoods and lives of poor “Women in Conflict Mediation: Why It men and stresses the need to provide people living in rural areas who have Matters,” by Marie O’Reilly and Andrea space for women and men to engage limited capacity to adapt. Women are Ó Súilleabháin, 2013, 9pp. This issue in joint decision making. It also calls particularly vulnerable. What follows in brief examines the current state of for practitioners to engage in iterative this IFAD brief are the IFAD’s key gender women’s involvement in formal peace learning processes to improve gender policy strategies and an evaluation of processes, focusing on the role of lead equity and outcomes from projects. The several gender programs in Southeast mediators. While traditional approaches brief notes that moving activities away Asian countries. to international conflict mediation are from an emphasis on carbon finance falling short in the face of 21st-century and instead focusing on climate-smart Instituto Promundo violence, one possible source of fresh smallholder agriculture may promote tinyurl.com/kn449l3 perspectives and alternative approaches more equitable benefit distribution for “Gender Relations, Sexual Violence, remains largely untapped: women. women. and the Effects of Conflict on the Through an analysis of UN Security Men and Women in North Kivu, Council Resolution 1325, the brief Open Society Foundation Eastern Democratic Republic of sets out the UN’s commitments to tinyurl.com/mkhjj2h Congo: Preliminary Results from the promoting women’s participation and “Transforming Health: International International Men and Gender Equality evaluates its progress. It then explores Rights-Based Advocacy for Survey (IMAGES),” 2012, 12 pp. In June why women’s voices matter in peace Transhealth,” by Kellan Baker et al. 2012, Sonke Gender Justice Network, processes and how lead mediators can 2013, 40 pp. Trans people worldwide Promundo-US and the Institute for reinforce women’s agency in building experience substantial health MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS 11 disparities and barriers to appropriate the circumstances of trans people’s lives public education aimed at raising health care services that keep them within the contexts of different health awareness of trans experiences and from achieving the highest possible systems, resource levels, social settings, discrimination against trans people; health status. Among other disparities, and legal frameworks. The organizations Pursuing community-based research trans people are significantly more represented in this report include local, projects in collaboration with trans likely than the general population to be national, and international advocacy communities and collecting data on the targeted for violence and demographic characteristics harassment, to contract HIV, and health needs of trans and to be at risk for mental communities; Organizing and health concerns such as mobilizing trans communities depression and attempted and allies; and Advocating suicide. Barriers to health for policy change aimed at care experienced by trans reforming the legal, medical, communities include and other structures that discriminatory treatment by impact trans people’s lives, health care providers, a lack including policies regarding of providers who are trained gender markers on identity to offer appropriate health documents. care to trans people, and refusal by many national Overseas Development health systems and health Institute insurance programs to cover tinyurl.com/m8s8c24 services for trans people. “Report launch: The Other barriers to health Geography of Poverty, and health care are the Disasters and Climate numerous socioeconomic Extremes in 2030,” by determinants of health Andrew Shepherd et al., that legally, economically, 2013, 88pp. Climate change and socially marginalized and exposure to “natural” trans people. These disasters threaten to derail include discrimination in international efforts to employment, education, eradicate poverty by 2030. housing, and relationship As temperatures warm, recognition; police many of the world’s poorest harassment, often as a and most vulnerable result of actual or assumed citizens will face increased association with sex work; and identity organizations; health care facilities; risks associated with more intense or document policies that deny many and the World Health Organization. protracted droughts, extreme rainfall trans people legal recognition in their Together, the case studies form the basis and heat waves. This event, attended by true gender. They also include aspects for a set of themes that describe major Ms. Margareta Wahlström the United of structural violence such as racism, areas of focus for local, national, and Nations Special Representative of the violence against women, and poverty. international trans health work and help Secretary-General for Disaster Risk Despite the magnitude of the challenges frame recommendations for the future. Reduction (UNISDR), is designed to they face, trans communities around the These themes include: Providing health bring together different stakeholders world are building alliances to promote care services not related to transition, from development and humanitarian trans health, fighting to end the violence including preventive and primary care, agencies, the media, government and invisibility that erase trans lives, sexual and reproductive health services, departments, research organizations and organizing for policies that respect and mental and behavioral health and private sector bodies to discuss the gender diversity and the full human services; Providing health care services ODI-Met Office-RMS joint report titled rights of trans people. related to transition, including hormone “The Geography of Poverty, Disasters This report presents 16 case studies therapy, mental health services, and and Climate Extremes in 2030”. What submitted by organizations from nearly reconstructive surgeries; Training health impact will climate change have on a dozen countries. These studies offer care providers to respect and respond hazards in the next 15 years and what examples of efforts, most of them led appropriately to the health needs and effect might this have on efforts to by trans people themselves, to improve concerns of trans people; Conducting eradicate poverty? This report examines 12 MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS the relationship between disasters and resilience in food systems. family ties and weakening traditional poverty. It concludes that, by 2030, up values. However, the report also reveals to 325 million extremely poor people Oxfam that despite the physical and moral could be living in areas most exposed to tinyurl.com/l5qha7u effects of the war, abuses committed multiple hazards if dedicated action is “The Importance of Being Connected: by all parties, differences of interest not taken. It maps where poor people Urban Poor Women’s Experience of between individuals and communities, are likely to live and it develops a Self-Help Discourse in Cambodia,” by and difficulties of communication range of scenarios aimed at identifying Kristy Ward and Vichhra Mouyly, 2013, following massive displacement, the rift potential patterns of vulnerability to 13pp. This article discusses and analyses between communities is not irreparable. extreme weather and earthquakes. the experience of women involved Oxfam hopes this report and the voices These scenarios are dynamic. They in a non-government organization- of the Malian communities will prompt consider how threats may change, which funded women’s empowerment project reflection and guide the actions of the countries face the greatest risk and in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Women national and international actors in what the role disaster risk management involved in the project encounter Mali’s reconciliation process. plays. If the international community is ideas about community development serious about the eradication of poverty and urban poverty reduction—in Peace and Conflict Monitor by 2030, it needs to address the issues particular, outsider-imposed notions tinyurl.com/kf9btbl covered in this report and get far more of self-help group formation, women’s “Movement: Women, Desertification, serious about putting disaster risk empowerment, and community Participatory Democracy, Mobile management at the heart of poverty solidarity. The article explores the ways Pastoralists, and Iran,” by Sierra eradication efforts. in which power dynamics and social Ramirez, 2013, 2pp. This paper focuses structures in this post-conflict setting first on the local history of mobile tinyurl.com/k5eejko affect the outcome of women’s self-help pastoralists and their relation to the “Synthesis: Social Protection and groups. We argue that for some women, Iranian state, then examines a new Resilient Food Systems,” by Rachel vulnerability and social exclusion are participatory democracy movement, Slater et al., 2013, 31pp. Social reinforced, because of assumptions that and concludes with an analysis of the protection has emerged as a key both “the community” and “women” are underexplored intersection between development and humanitarian policy homogenous groupings. In fact, unequal women in these mobile pastoralist issue in the last decade. There have also power and diversity among women can societies and the encroachment of the been major food price shocks in many derail ideas of solidarity and shared desert itself. The author argues that countries in the last 5 years. Interest interests in women’s self-help groups. at the heart of these intersections is in social protection and food systems a relatively new element: liberation is converging, and donor agencies tinyurl.com/lu4t66k ecology, a framework that expands and governments are looking at how “Piecing Together the Jigsaw: Prospects in scope from the body to the planet. different social protection instruments for Improved Social Relations After the Liberation ecology is difficult to define might better support the different Armed Conflict in Northern Mali,” by succinctly, but generally it is considered components of food systems and Illaria Allegrozzi and Elise Ford, 2013, to be a radical dialectic that observes maintain their resilience in the face of 28 pp. The conflict that began in Mali how domination and the economic major shocks. This synthesis report is in January 2012 deeply affected the premise of scarcity lead to individual, one of a series of papers developed country’s social fabric and turned the social, political and environmental for GIZ, which explore the impacts of lives of many Malians upside down. This degradation. It asks how that reality different social protection instruments report is the result of a survey carried might be shifted to one of ecologically on resilient food systems, including cash out by Oxfam in June 2013 on the balanced social interdependence and transfers, public works programs and impact of the conflict on social relations potential, which could then represent insurance, as well as broader initiatives within and between the populations a state of “liberation.” Institutional that contribute to reducing poverty of northern Mali. The populations structures, individual decisions, and and vulnerability, such as integrated surveyed for this report maintain that various other phenomena may then be livelihoods programs, emergency the consequences of this crisis are far analyzed with respect to the extent to reserves and structured demand. The greater than those of the past. They which they contribute to movement synthesis reviews the main findings from also claim that this conflict is unique toward or away from justice and each paper, draws out patterns in the in its effect on the breakdown of social liberation. The dialectic provides an effects of the instruments, explores the relations. Faced by violence, mass excellent opportunity to examine main issues that emerge across all the exodus, and human rights violations, real-world dynamics at work between papers and identifies what this means many of those surveyed have lived political ecology, environmental history, for those designing programs to build through shocking experiences, losing environmental justice, and ecofeminsim.

MONOGRAPHS AND TECHNICAL REPORTS 13 The participatory democracy tensions are emerging in the Iranian affirm the dignity of their community movement developing among several desert. In analyzing the movement, and reverse the degradation of their subtribes of the nomadic Qashqa’ the author describes the tribe’s rocky homeland. illustrates how these concepts and path to a liberation that aspires to both Periodicals

Gender and Development Signs Jacobsen and Lora Bex Lempert Volume 21, Issue 2, 2013 Volume 39, Number 1, autumn 2013 Special Issue, “Feminist Solidarity and Special Issue, “Women, Gender, Women’s Studies International Collective Action,” includes the following and Prison: National and Global Forum articles: Perspectives,” includes the following Volume 36, January-February, 2013 *Introduction: Feminist Solidarity and articles: Special Issue, “Gender, Culture and Collective Action, by Caroline Sweetman *Women in Prison: Victims or Resisters? Work in Global Cities: Researching *Feminist Mobilization and Progressive Representations of Agency in Women’s ‘Transnational’ Women” includes the and Policy Change: Why Governments Prisons in Greece, by Andriani Fili following articles: Take Action to Combat Violence against *A Cell of Their Own: The Incarceration *Gender, Culture and work in global Women, by S. Laurel Weldon and Mala of Women in Late Medieval Italy, by Guy cities: Researching ‘transnational’ Htun Geltner women, by Cynthia Joseph, Catrin *Organizing Women Workers in the *“Like I Was a Man:” Chain Gangs, Lundström Informal Economy, by Naila Kabeer, Gender, and the Domestic Carceral *“A second skin:” Embodied Kirsty Milward and Ratna Sudarshan Sphere in Jim Crow Georgia, by Sarah intersectionality, transnationalism and *“Pink Transportation” in Mexico Haley narratives of identity and belonging City: Reclaiming Urban Space through *Gendered Carceral Regimes in Sri among Muslim women in Britain, by Collective Action against Gender-Based Lanka: Colonial Laws, Postcolonial Heidi Safia Mirza Violence, by Amy Dunckel-Graglia Practices, and the Social Control of *“Better Lives:” The Transgenerational *Why Gender Matters in Activism: Sex Workers, by Jody Miller and Kristin Positioning of Social Mobility in the Feminism and Social Justice Movements, Carbone-Lopez South Asian Canadian Diaspora, by by Manjima Bhattacharjya, Jenny *Motherhood as Punishment: The Case Mythili Rajiva Birchall, Pamela Caro, David Kelleher and of Parenting in Prison, by Lynne Haney *(Re)negotiating Cultural and Work Vinita Sahasranaman *Emotions behind Bars: The Regulation Identities Pre and Post-Migration: *Women’s Collective Action in African of Mothering in Argentine Jails, by Malaysian Migrant Women in Australia, Agricultural Markets: The Limits of Constanza Tabbush and María Florencia by Cynthia Joseph Current Development Practice for Rural Gentile *“I’m My Mother’s Daughter, I’m My Women’s Empowerment, by Sally Baden *Enforcing Gender: The Constitution of Husband’s Wife, I’m My Child’s Mother, *The Importance of Being Connected: Sex and Gender in Prison Regimes, by I’m Nothing Else:” Resisting Traditional Urban Poor Women’s Experience of Self- Sarah Pemberton Korean Roles as Korean American Help Discourse in Cambodia, by Kristy *Gendering Transnational Criminality: Working Women in Seoul, South Korea, Ward and Vichhra Mouyly The Case of Women’s Imprisonment by Helene K. Lee *Taking Feminist Action Online: in Peru, by Camille Boutron and Chloé *“Mistresses” and “Maids” in Reflections on the “Keep Saartjie Constant Transnational “Contact Zones:” Baartman Centre Open” e-Campaign, by *Sexual Necropolitics and Prison Rape Expatriate Wives and the Intersection Selina Mudavanhu and Jennifer Radloff Elimination, by Jessie Lee Jackson of Difference and Intimacy in Swedish *More than 13 Million: Mass *“Staff Here Let You Get Down:” The Domestic Spaces in Singapore, by Catrin Mobilization and Gender Politics in Cultivation and Co-optation of Violence Lundström the Vietnam Women’s Union, by Gabi in a California Juvenile Detention Center, *Migrant Domestic Workers, Social Waibel and Sarah Glück by Jerry Flores Network Strategies and Informal *Feminist Solidarity: No Boys Allowed? *Women and the Criminalization of Markets for Domestic Services in Views of Pro-Feminist Men on Poverty: Perspectives from Sierra Leone, Sweden, by Anna Gavanas Collaboration and Alliance Building with by Sabrina Mahtani *Academic Women with Migrant Women’s Movements, by Kate Bojin *Institutional Disparities: Considerations Background in the Global Knowledge *Feminist Solidarity and Collective of Gender in the Commutation Process Economy: Bodies, Hierarchies and Action: Resources List, by Liz Cooke for Incarcerated Women, by Carol Resistance, by Paula Mählck 14 Books

Alibris Books of Bugwere. By taking a long-term development—investing in women; www.alibris.com perspective from c.700 to 1900 CE and women as social entrepreneurs; “Organizing Women Workers in the using an interdisciplinary approach— women and the informal economy; Informal Economy: Beyond Weapons drawing on historical linguistics, the convergence of technology and of the Weak,” edited by Naila Kabeer, comparative ethnography, and oral women’s issues; Yemeni women in Ratna Sudarshan, and Kirsty Milward, traditions and literature, as well as the Arab Spring; the intersection 2013, 288pp. Women as a group have archival sources—this book shows the of market-based approaches and often been divided by a number of durability, mutability, and complexity gender; social media and women’s intersecting inequalities: class, race, of ideologies of motherhood in this economic sustainability in the Middle ethnicity, and caste. As individuals, region. East and North Africa region; and often isolated in home-based work, expanding women’s access to capital their resistance has tended to be Institute for International and microfinance. Women in the restricted to the traditional weapons Education Global Economy: Leading Social of the weak. This book explores www.iie.org Change is the eighth book in the Global the emergence of an alternative “Women in the Global Economy: Education Research Reports series repertoire among women working Leading Social Change,” edited by Trish from IIE and the AIFS Foundation. in the growing informal sectors of Tierney, 2013. This book explores the Previous books have examined higher the global South: the weapons of landscape of women’s participation education initiatives and exchanges organization and mobilization. This in the economy and the key role it in China, India and the Middle East, crucial book offers vibrant accounts plays in fueling economic growth by as well as educational and economic of how women working on farms, as creating stable societies. The book development in Latin America. sex workers, maids, and waste pickers, notes the trajectory of transformation in fisheries and factories, have come that has gained a foothold in recent Overseas Development Initiative together to carve out new identities years, where investing in women www.odi.org.uk for themselves, define what matters to is increasingly seen as a driver for “Aid on the Edge of Chaos: Rethinking them, and develop collective strategies social and economic development. International Cooperation in a of resistance and struggle. In examining the role played by Complex World,” by Ben Ramalingam, women from all walks of life, including 2013, 480pp. It is widely recognized Cambridge University Press farmers and informal sector workers, that the foreign aid system is in need of www.cambridge.org as well as business leaders and social drastic change. But there are conflicting “A History of African Motherhood: entrepreneurs, the book offers global opinions as to what is needed. Some The Case of Uganda, 700–1900,” by solutions for promoting growth. It also call for dramatic increases in resources, Rhiannon Stephens, 2013, 232pp. This calls attention to significant challenges to meet long overdue commitments, history of African motherhood over the that continue to present themselves and to scale up what is already being longue durée demonstrates that it was, in the form of discriminatory laws, done around the world. Others point ideologically and practically, central to regulations and business conditions, to the flaws in aid, and call for cutting social, economic, cultural, and political along with women’s lack of property it altogether. Meanwhile, growing life. The book explores how people in rights. The introduction contextualizes numbers are suggesting that what is the North Nyanzan societies of Uganda the significant role women play in the most needed is the creative, innovative used an ideology of motherhood to global economy and the role new tools transformation of how aid works. The shape their communities. More than such as social media and technology arguments in this book are firmly in biology, motherhood created essential play in enabling them to serve as the third of these categories. This book social and political connections that cut catalysts for change worldwide. It shows that the linear, mechanistic across patrilineal and cultural-linguistic asserts that “investing in women models and assumptions on which divides. The importance of motherhood produces a multiplier effect” as women foreign aid is built are inadequate in the as an ideology and a social institution reinvest a large portion of their income dynamic, complex world we face today. meant that in chiefdoms and kingdoms in their families and communities, but Instead, a new approach embracing queen mothers were powerful officials also notes significant institutional as the “new science” of complex adaptive who legitimated the power of kings. well as other barriers that confront systems can make foreign aid more This was the case in Buganda, the many them. Chapters in the book examine relevant, more appropriate, more kingdoms of Busoga, and the polities the following topics: gender and innovative, and more catalytic. The 15 reality is that economies and societies gender, sustainability, and livelihoods. Soares et al., 2013, 372pg. This is are less like machines and more like With the 20 year review of the United the second volume in a series of five ecosystems. This book showcases Nations Conference on Environment books bringing together the results insights, experiences, and dramatic and Development held in Brazil in 2012, of intensive research on the national results of a growing network of this book boldly reclaims the concept systems of innovation (NSI) in the BRICS practitioners, researchers, and policy of sustainable livelihoods for women. countries—Brazil, Russia, India, China, makers who are applying a complexity- Authors from 10 different countries show and South Africa. This book analyses the informed approach to aid challenges. how women engage in policy decision co-evolution of inequality and NSI across the BRICS economies. It www.odi.org.uk argues that inequalities “The Future of Social (assets, access to basic Protection in Brazil: services, infrastructure, Challenges and knowledge, race, Possible Responses,” gender, ethnicity, and by Francesca Bastagli geographic location) and Fabio Veras that go beyond the Soares, 2013, 296pp. aspects of income, This book examines must be factored into the recent expansion development strategies of social protection in since the benefits of China, India, Brazil and innovation are not South Africa—four distributed equally. countries experiencing It combines original rapid economic and detailed data, growth and social making this book an change. It documents invaluable resource developments in each for researchers and country, analyses the scholars in economics, impact of government development studies transfers and discusses and political science, future trends. It shows as well as policymakers that social protection and development has complemented practitioners interested economic growth in the BRICS countries. and supported development efforts. www.idrc.ca Social protection has “Separated and been fundamental to Divorced Women in promoting equitable India: Economic Rights and sustainable and Entitlements,” by societies. Kirti Singh, 2013, 278pp. Based on a survey of Palgrave Macmillan more than 400 women, www.us.macmillan. this book exposes the com miserable financial “Women Reclaiming conditions endured by Sustainable Livelihoods: Spaces Lost, on climate change and consumptions, India’s separated and divorced women. Spaces Gained,” by Wendy Harcourt managing solidarity economies, farming, The law does not provide them with and J. Stremmelaar, 2012, 274pp. At micro credit, value chains, and strategies the right to any of the property and a time when the world is reeling from in post-conflict contexts. assets that they have helped to acquire multiple economic and ecological crises, during the marital relationship. The book an international cast of ecologists and Routledge/IDRC recommends changes to India’s laws that gender specialists from the Global www.idrc.ca will recognize community property, the North and Global South provide a “Inequality and Development nature of productive work, and the right multidisciplinary perspective on Challenges,” by Maria Clara Couto to recover dowries. 16 BOOKS University of Illinois Press the importance of understanding by malaria. Malaria control has become www.press.uillinois.edu sexuality and the issues around it, increasingly medicalized, a trend “Sex Tourism in Bahia: Ambiguous such as identity, sexual rights and that overemphasizes biomedical and Entanglements: How Sexism, Racism, sexuality, reproductive health and pharmaceutical interventions while and Socio-economic Inequality Interact rights and gender and political neglecting the social, political, and in the Brazilian Sex Industry,” by Erica democracy. Despite this, Africa has economic conditions that are central Lorraine Williams, 2013, 224pp. Brazil frequently been found by researchers to Africa’s malaria problem. This book has the largest national economy in to be predominantly hostile to any offers recent findings on global health Latin America and a population five discussion of sexual and reproductive governance, neoliberal economic and times greater than any other South rights, conveying dismay at the notion health policies, and their impact on American country—and for nearly a of women’s rights to reproductive local communities. Seeking to link decade, Brazil has surpassed Thailand freedom, disgusted objection to the wider social, economic, and political as the world’s premier sex tourism idea that gay and lesbian people have forces to local experiences of sickness destination. As the first full-length civic and human rights and opposed to and suffering, it analyzes the lived ethnography of sex tourism in Brazil, engagement with issues such as FGM experiences and practices of people this pioneering study treats sex tourism (Kenya), virginity testing (South Africa), most seriously affected by malaria— as a complex and multidimensional Shar’ia interpretations of appropriate infants and children. The persistence phenomenon that involves a range of sexuality (Nigeria and Sudan), and legal of childhood malaria is a form of activities and erotic connections, from relationships to homosexuality and structural violence, and the resultant sex work to romantic transnational intersexuality (South Africa). In 2004, social suffering in poor communities is relationships. The book explores sex the African Gender Institute ran a closely tied to social inequalities. This tourism in the Brazilian state of Bahia continental research project, Mapping book illustrates the evolving nature of from the perspectives of foreign tourists, Sexualities, among the objectives local responses to the global discourse tourism industry workers, sex workers of which was the development of on malaria control. It advocates for who engage in liaisons with foreigners, a research methodology suited to the close study of disease treatment and Afro-Brazilian men and women who carrying out in-depth case studies of the in poor communities as an integral contend with foreigners’ stereotypical dynamics of gender and contemporary component of global health funding. assumptions about their licentiousness. sexual cultures in Ghana, Nigeria, South This ethnography combines a decade The analysis argues that the cultural Africa and Uganda. This book is the of fieldwork with critical review and and sexual economies of tourism are result of that research. The chapters a rare anthropological perspective on inextricably linked in the Bahian capital cover broad-ranging issues and include the limitations of the bureaucratic, city of Salvador, and shows how the questions about what it means to technological, institutional, medical, Bahian state strategically exploits the research topics that are unpopular or and political practices that currently touristic desire for exotic culture by fraught with the sense of the taboo determine malaria interventions in appropriating an eroticized blackness that underpins much work in sexualities Africa. and commodifying the Afro-Brazilian and gender studies. Overall, the diverse culture in order to sell Bahia to foreign pieces within the collection offer the University of California Press travelers. Drawing on ethnographic opportunity to see qualitative research www.ucpress.edu research and in-depth interviews, this not as the “poor cousin” of quantitative Reimagining Global Health: An book combines historical, sociological, studies but as a zone which raises Introduction,edited by Paul Farmer, anthropological, cultural studies, and intellectual and political challenges. Arthur Kleinman, Jim Kim, and Matthew feminist perspectives to demonstrate Basilico, 2013, 504pp. This book provides how sexism, racism, and socioeconomic University of Arizona Press an original, compelling introduction inequality interact in the context of www.uapress.arizona.edu to the field of global health. Drawn tourism in Bahia. Silent Violence: Global Health, Malaria, from a Harvard course developed by and Child Survival in Tanzania, by Matthew Basilico, this work provides United Nations University Vinay R. Kamat, 2013, 280pp. This an accessible and engaging framework www.unu.edu book engages the harsh reality of for the study of global health. Insisting “Jacketed Women: Qualitative Research malaria and its effects on marginalized on an approach that is historically Methodologies on Sexualities and communities in Tanzania. It presents deep and geographically broad, the Gender in Africa,”edited by Jane an ethnographic analysis of the authors underline the importance of a Bennett and Charmaine Pereira, 2013, shifting global discourses and practices transdisciplinary approach, and offer 224pp. Over the past decade, there surrounding malaria control and their a highly readable distillation of several has been an increasing emphasis in impact on the people of Tanzania, historical and ethnographic perspectives African scholarship and research on especially mothers of children sickened of contemporary global health BOOKS 17 problems. The case studies presented the history and politics of masculinities European influences, colonial tensions, throughout the book bring together within the contexts of the cultures and migration from bordering nations, ethnographic, theoretical, and historical from which they have been developed, Ecuador has long drawn the interest perspectives into a wholly new and examining what makes a man who he of ethnographers, historians, and exciting investigation of global health. is within his own culture. Highlighting political scientists. This book delivers The interdisciplinary approach outlined manifestations of masculinity in a highly detailed, thought-provoking in this text should prove useful not only countries including Jamaica, Turkey, examination of the racial, sexual, and in schools of public health, nursing, and Peru, Kenya, Australia, and China, social complexities of Afro-Ecuadorian medicine, but also in undergraduate scholars from a variety of disciplines culture, as revealed through the annual and graduate classes in anthropology, grapple with the complex politics Festival of the Kings. During the Festival, sociology, political economy, and history, of identity and the question of how the people of various villages and towns among others. gender is interpreted and practiced of Esmeraldas—Ecuador’s province most through discourse. Topics include how associated with blackness—engage University of Illinois Press masculinity is affected by war and in celebratory and parodic portrayals, www.press.uillinois.edu conflict, defined in relation to race, often donning masks, cross-dressing, Global Masculinities and Manhood, ethnicity, and sexuality, and expressed in and disguising themselves as blacks, edited by Ronald L. Jackson II and cultural activities such as sports or the indigenous people, and whites, in an Murali Balaji, 2013, 232pp. This book cinema. obvious critique of local, provincial, examines the concept of masculinity and national white, white-mestizo, and from the perspectives of cultures around www.press.uillinois.edu light-mulatto elites. Rahier shows that the world. In the era of globalization, Kings for Three Days: The Play of Race this festival, as performed in different masculinity continues to be studied in a and Gender in an Afro-Ecuadorian locations, reveals each time a specific Western-centric context. Contributors Festival,by Jean Muteba Rahier 2013, location’s perspective on the larger to this volume, however, deconstruct 216pp. With its rich mix of cultures, struggles over identity, class, and gender 18 BOOKS relations in the racial-spatial order University of Wisconsin Press political system led by men. In a sober of Esmeraldas and of the Ecuadorian www.uwpress.wisc.edu corrective to such accounts, she offers nation in general. Innocence and Victimhood: Gender, a critical look at the politics of women’s Nation, and Women’s Activism activism and gendered nationalism in University of Kwazulu Natal Press in Postwar Bosnia-Herzegovina, a postwar and postsocialist society. www.ukzn.ac.za by Elissa Helms, 2013, 324pp. The Drawing on ethnographic research A Kinship of Bones: AIDS, Intimacy 1992–95 war in Bosnia-Herzegovina spanning fifteen years, this book and Care in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, by following the dissolution of socialist demonstrates how women’s activists Patricia Henderson, 2012, 256pp. The Yugoslavia became notorious for and NGOs responded to, challenged, author, a South African anthropologist, “ethnic cleansing” and mass rapes and often reinforced essentialist resided from March 2003 to February targeting the Bosniac (Bosnian Muslim) images in affirmative ways, utilizing 2006 in Okhahlamba, a municipality in population. Postwar social and political the moral purity associated with the the South African province of KwaZulu- processes have continued to be position of victimhood to bolster social Natal. She recounts her experience dominated by competing nationalisms claims, shape political visions, pursue among this rural population who representing Bosniacs, Serbs, and foreign funding, and wage campaigns lived under the shadow of HIV/AIDS. Croats, as well as those supporting a for postwar justice. Deeply sensitive Spanning a period that starts before multiethnic Bosnian state, in which to the suffering at the heart of antiretrovirals were readily available narratives of victimhood take center Bosnian women’s (and men’s) wartime to a time when these treatments were stage, often in gendered form. This experiences, this book also reveals the finally used to care for the ill, this book shows that in the aftermath of limitations to strategies that emphasize powerful account of a terrible disease the war, initiatives by and for Bosnian innocence and victimhood. and the communities which it affects women perpetuated and complicated focuses on the ties between suffering dominant images of women as victims and kinship in South Africa. and peacemakers in a conflict and Study Opportunities

SUNY Albany coursework for the other program. Graduate Directors. Combined M.A. in Women’s Studies/ Students in the Joint program will fulfill Ph.D. in Sociology requirements for both degrees. The Central European University Deadline: January 15 for consideration Women’s Studies M.A. requires a total Gender Studies Programs for fellowship/assistantship; May 1 of 32 credits, including several core Deadline: January 23 General courses, a Master’s project, and elective tinyurl.com/lwc8kup tinyurl.com/n5fvfj8 courses forming a cohesive cluster. The The Department of Gender Studies at The combined M.A. Women’s Studies/ Sociology PhD program requires a total Central European University attracts PhD Sociology program is the outcome of 60 credits (plus the dissertation), students from a range of disciplines of longstanding cooperation and including several core courses, a in the social sciences and humanities, overlapping strengths between Teaching Tool, a Research Tool, and two and focuses on integrative and the Departments of Sociology and comprehensive area exams. Cooperative comparative approaches to gender Women’s Studies. It allows Sociology agreements between the Departments studies. Programs aim to critically PhD students with interests in Gender allow the Sociology comprehensive examine past and present developments Studies and Women’s Studies students exam in Gender to meet the Women’s related to gender in culture and society. with sociological interests to combine Studies Master’s project requirement. The curriculum in the department their work in these two programs. The Women’s Studies core courses are emphasizes interdisciplinary scholarship, This is facilitated by the number of allowed to count as credit toward the such as gender and post-socialist joint and affiliated faculty shared Sociology PhD, and the Women’s Studies studies, nationalism, queer theory, between the two departments, as Research Seminar (a core course) may cultural studies, transnationalism, and well as by graduate-level cross-listed count as the Research Tool for the PhD. international political movements. coursework. It is also facilitated by the Electives, including courses that are Central European University is an willingness of both departments to cross-listed, listed in either department, English-language, graduate university allow requirements for one program or in other departments, may count located in Budapest, Hungary. CEU to be included as a portion of the toward both degrees as approved by the offers programs in the social sciences, 19 humanities, law, public policy, business students with the critical and research count toward both degrees, students in management, economics, environmental tools needed for women’s studies in the joint program can earn the M.A. and sciences and policy, and mathematics. the humanities. It provides a systematic the J.D. in four years of full-time study. CEU is committed to attracting talented introduction to feminist theory, and This program may also be completed on students and scholars from around the enables students to gain the skills a part-time basis. If you are interested world. The University provides a variety necessary to engage in original research in the joint degree program, you must of scholarships and research grants into topics in the humanities relating to apply separately to each school. Once for which applicants from any country women and to gender, in a university admitted to both, you qualify for the joint degree. Requirements for the two degrees include a total of 120 credits, 20 of which are applicable to both programs. Each school accepts up to 10 credits from the other school to satisfy requirements. Full- time students can earn both degrees in four years (instead of five). Part-time students are also welcome. The joint degree program requires a total of 120 credits, 20 of which are applicable to both programs. To qualify for the joint program, students must apply separately to each school. Financial are eligible to apply. CEU is accredited with unrivalled facilities for both aid applications also must be made to in the United States and Hungary. traditional and computer-age research. each school. (You may receive financial Programs Offered: Master of Arts in Teaching is delivered through close aid from only one school per semester.) Gender Studies (One Year) Master of individual supervision, as well as a Students in the joint-degree program Arts in Critical Gender Studies (Two carefully designed program of lectures have the opportunity to participate in Years) Master of Arts in Gender Studies: and classes led by specialists from a the Women’s Justice Center based at Women’s and Gender Specialization wide variety of disciplines. The program Pace Law School, which hosts various (GEMMA) (Two Years) Master of Arts is nine months long. programs, sponsors research and in European Women’s and Gender represents hundreds of victims of History (MATILDA) (Two Years) Doctor Sarah Lawrence College/Pace Law domestic violence each year. of Philosophy in Comparative Gender School Studies. For more information please M.A. /J.D. in Women’s History and Law Jewish Theological Seminary see the website. Deadline: March 1 Jewish Gender and Women’s Studies tinyurl.com/mrgtxbb Deadline: March 1 for funding Oxford University A joint degree in Women’s History and consideration; May 1 General MSt in Women’s Studies Law is offered in cooperation with Pace tinyurl.com/kxnuwud Deadline: January 24 and March 14 University Law School. Students in this The Program in Jewish Gender tinyurl.com/myp5pv7 program earn both a Master of Arts and and Women’s Studies offers an This interdisciplinary degree equips a Juris Doctor. By taking courses that interdisciplinary array of courses that 20 STUDY OPPORTUNITIES allow students to examine the history, encounter, and to raise gender-focused Women’s Studies (JGW) prides itself on literature, image, and culture of questions in any of the classes they its commitment to combining feminist Jewish women and men through the may choose to take in the course of and Jewish perspectives. It encourages perspective of gender. A rich array of their studies. Students in the program students to bring their creativity course offerings by the regular faculty ordinarily focus on one historical period into their work, supports women’s and visiting professors focuses on or discipline while choosing courses scholarship, and aims to teach and Jewish women’s history, Yiddish and from among the many areas of study promote a gendered understanding Hebrew literature, women in the Bible, taught at The Jewish Theological of all areas of Judaic studies. Student and other women or gender-centered Seminary. They will also take learning is supported by the many subjects. In addition, the gender studies complementary courses in women’s feminist and gender-focused activities seminar teaches students to apply studies, feminist studies, or queer and organizations associated with the a gender studies approach to all the studies at neighboring institutions. larger nearby colleges and universities biblical and rabbinic texts they will The Program in Jewish Gender and of New York City. Grants and Fellowships

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation was a long-time activist for international honor. A woman is eligible to apply if Gates Millennium Scholars Program peace and justice. Her husband she meets the following criteria: has a Deadline: January 15 Lawrence established this fellowship record of service to women and children tinyurl.com/nyf6v4o following her death in 1989. The Dorothy and a commitment to improve the lives The Gates Millennium Scholars (GMS) Senesh Fellowship is available to women of women and children in developing Program, funded by a grant from the from developing countries who have countries; resides in the U.S. or Canada Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, completed a Bachelor’s degree, who at the time she submits the application; was established in 1999 to provide have been accepted into a graduate is enrolled (in residence) at an accredited outstanding African American, American program and whose graduate work is to U.S. or Canadian educational institution Indian/Alaska Native, Asian Pacific be focused on issues related to the goals for the academic year 2013-14, and Islander American, and Hispanic of IPRA. Every other year (beginning intends to be enrolled for the 2014-15 American students with an opportunity in 1990) one woman receives school academic year; will use the grant to complete an undergraduate college expenses in the amount of $5,000 toward the completion of her degree; education in any discipline area of per year for two years. Funds will is a national of a lower or middle interest. Gates Millennium Scholars only be dispersed when the selected income developing member country, may request funding for a graduate candidate is admitted into a graduate as designated by the MMMF Country degree program in one of the following program. Awards are considered based Eligibility list. Please visit the website for discipline areas: computer science, on need; therefore students with more details. education, engineering, library science, substantial funding sources are less mathematics, public health or science. likely to be considered for the award. Point Foundation For more information on the Gates Announcement of the Award will be Scholarship for LGBTQ Issues Millennium Scholarship, eligibility for the made by March 1, 2014. For information Deadline: January 22 scholarship, and how to apply, please on applying, please visit the website. tinyurl.com/mltadky visit the website listed above. Point Foundation is the premier national Margaret McNamara Memorial Fund LGBTQ nonprofit organization designed International Peace Research US/Canada Grants to nurture the LGBTQ leaders of the next Association Foundation Deadline: January 15 generation. Point Foundation empowers Dorothy Marchus Senesh Fellowship tinyurl.com/bplhm5r promising LGBTQ students to achieve Deadline: January 15 For students from developing countries their full academic and leadership tinyurl.com/l9of69w who are currently studying in the United potential—despite the obstacles often The International Peace Research States or Canada, the MMMF awards put before them—to make a significant Association Foundation invites grants of approximately $12,000 each; impact on society. By identifying and applications for the Dorothy Marchus grants are not renewable. The MMMF supporting these scholars, Point hopes to Senesh Fellowship in Peace and also typically invites the recipients to provide a greater level of acceptance and Development Studies for Women from Washington DC to participate in a three respect within future generations for all developing countries. Dorothy Senesh day Awards Program organized in their persons, regardless of sexual orientation, 21 gender expression, or gender identity. Fellowship Program seeks to attract financial need. Fellowship recipients can Point fills in the gaps and provides funds outstanding young people who are use the award to attend U.S. graduate not provided by other scholarships, interested in pursuing careers in the programs throughout the country; they grants, loans, work/study programs, etc. Foreign Service of USAID. If you want will join the USAID Foreign Service upon It is the responsibility of those selected to work on the front lines of some of completion of the program, as long as as Point Scholars to secure as much the most pressing global challenges of they successfully complete the Payne outside funding as possible. Point is our times—poverty, hunger, injustice, Program and USAID entry requirements. not intended to be, and cannot be, the disease, environmental degradation, To apply for the Payne Fellowship, sole source of support because there climate change, conflict and violent applicants must: be seeking admission to is no guarantee that enter graduate school in the the financial support fall of 2014 for a two-year will be the same each program at a U.S. university. year, nor will it be They can be in the senior provided each year. The year of their undergraduate scholarship amounts studies, graduating by funded by Point each June 2014, or they can be year depends on other college graduates; have financial support that a cumulative grade point Point Scholars receive average of 3.2 or higher on from individuals, other a 4.0 scale at the time of foundations or grants, application; be a U.S. citizen. as well as the financial In 2014 the Payne Fellowship health of Point. The Program plans to award scholarship entails two five fellowships valued at parts. Parts I and II are up to $45,000 annually both open now for for a two-year program. applicants to complete, The award includes up to but after completion $20,000 per year toward and submission of Part tuition and mandatory I, applicants will be sent fees for completion of a an email from the Point two-year master’s degree at Foundation regarding a U.S. institution; a $15,000 their eligibility for stipend for each academic the scholarship, year for room, board, books and only applicants and other education-related deemed eligible by expenses; and up to $10,000 Point will receive an per year in stipend, housing, email invitation to fill transportation, and related out and submit Part expenses for summer II. January 22 is the internships (see below). At last day that Point will contact Part I extremism—the USAID Foreign Service the conclusion of two years of study, applicants on their status to apply for provides an opportunity to advance the Payne Fellow is expected to obtain Part II, and Part II must be submitted U.S. foreign policy interests and reflect a degree in international development by February 3. Supplemental materials the American people’s compassion or another area of relevance to the must be received by March 3. For more and support of human dignity. The work of the USAID Foreign Service at information on how to apply for this Payne Fellowship, which provides up a U.S. graduate or professional school scholarship, please visit the website. to $90,000 in benefits over two years approved by the Payne Program. for graduate school, internships, and Fellows who successfully complete U .S . Agency for International professional development activities, the Payne Program and USAID Foreign Development provides a unique pathway to the USAID Service entry requirements will receive Donald M. Payne Fellowship Foreign Service. The Payne Fellowship appointments as Foreign Service Officers Deadline: January 27 encourages the application of members with USAID. To view the application tinyurl.com/kwpwgg7 of minority groups who have historically process, please visit website listed The USAID Donald M. Payne been underrepresented in international above. International Development Graduate development careers and those with 22 GRANTS & FELLOWSHIPS Open Society Foundations American Psychological through education since it was Open Society Fellowship Association chartered in 1976. An applicant for a Deadline: February 1 Wayne F. Placek Award for Scientific JRF scholarship must be: A woman, tinyurl.com/d75j6j8 Research on Gay and Lesbian Issues age 35 or older; low-income; a U.S. The Open Society Fellowship was Deadline: March 1 citizen or Permanent Resident of the founded in 2008 to support individuals tinyurl.com/kczdwab United States; pursuing a technical or pursuing innovative and unconventional This grant supports empirical research vocational education, an associate’s approaches to fundamental open society from all fields of the behavioral and degree, or a first bachelor’s degree; challenges. The fellowship funds work social sciences on any topic related to and enrolled in, or accepted to, a that will enrich public understanding lesbian, gay, or bisexual issues. Proposals regionally or ACICS accredited school. of those challenges and stimulate are especially encouraged for empirical The scholarships are for $2,000 each far-reaching and probing conversations studies that address the following and may be used for tuition, books, within the Open Society Foundations topics: heterosexuals’ attitudes and transportation, childcare and other living and in the world. A fellowship project behaviors toward lesbians and gay men, expenses and will be disbursed over might identify a problem that has not including prejudice, discrimination and two school terms, starting in fall 2014. previously been recognized, develop violence; family and workplace issues Selection is competitive, which means new policy ideas to address familiar relevant to lesbians and gay men; that meeting the eligibility requirements problems, or offer a new advocacy and subgroups of the lesbian and gay does not guarantee that you will receive strategy. Project themes should cut population that have historically been a scholarship. The scholarships may be across at least two areas of interest to underrepresented in scientific research. renewed annually. Ideal applicants have the Open Society Foundations. Among The grant is made possible by a bequest clear academic and career goals and a these are human rights, government from Wayne Placek, a participant in plan for reaching them; demonstrate an transparency, access to information and Dr. Evelyn Hooker’s groundbreaking ability to accomplish goals and overcome to justice, and the promotion of civil research in the 1950s, which showed challenges; and understand how earning society and social inclusion. Fellows are that homosexuality is not a form of a degree will benefit themselves, their expected to take full advantage of the psychopathology. Since 1995, the Placek families and their communities. The foundations’ expansive reach and work Fund has granted more than $1 million. quality and completeness of information to bring new people and fresh ideas Candidates must be either a doctoral‐ in your application is critical. The into the organization’s ambit. Successful level researcher or graduate student selection committee will consider your projects should push the boundaries of affiliated with an educational institution goals, your plan for reaching your goals, current thinking and carry lessons that of a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research any challenges you have faced, and your can be applied to a variety of settings. organization. Graduate students and financial situation, among other factors. Fellows may produce a variety of work early career researchers are encouraged Application review will take place from products, including publications such to apply. March through June 2014. The process as books, reports, or blogs; innovative involves an initial eligibility screening public-education projects; or the launch Jeanette Rankin Foundation followed by three levels of review. of new campaigns or organizations. Women’s Scholarship Fund For more information, please visit the They may also engage in activities such Deadline: March 1 website. as hosting panel discussions, traveling www.rankinfoundation.org to conferences, participating in policy Jeannette Rankin Women’s Scholarship Open Society Foundations debates, and aggressively promoting Fund honors the name and legacy Latin America Fellowship their ideas in public venues. The Open of an American woman of incredible Deadline: Rolling Society Fellowship accepts proposals spirit and determination by providing tinyurl.com/mwtuut8 from anywhere in the world. Applicants much needed aid to women with the The Latin America Program of the Open should possess a deep understanding same attributes. Jeannette Rankin was Society Foundations focuses its funding of their chosen subject and a track a proponent of women’s rights and on four issue areas: Accountability record of professional accomplishment. was the first woman to be elected to and Transparency; Policy Debate and Proficiency in spoken English is the United States Congress in 1916. Dialogue; Human Rights; Citizen Security. required. The fellowship does not fund Upon her death, Rankin left a portion To apply for a grant from the program, enrollment for degree or non-degree of her Georgia estate to assist “mature, please send a one- to two-page study at academic institutions, including unemployed women workers.” The letter of inquiry to latinamerica@ dissertation research. This is a fellowship $16,000 from Rankin’s estate was opensocietyfoundations.org. Your for individuals only; proposals from two the seed money for Jeannette Rankin letter should include a paragraph about or more applicants will not be accepted. Foundation, which has been helping your organization and its mission, a mature, low-income women succeed description of the project, including a GRANTS & FELLOWSHIPS 23 brief summary of the main objectives created in 1999 to help formerly universities; and For Profit schools. and proposed strategies of the battered women overcome barriers Requests for assistance are accepted on project, the total amount of support to the education necessary for their an ongoing basis. To be eligible to apply being sought for the project, and the becoming employable and financially for this scholarship, the applicant must proposed duration of the project. The stable. The primary intent is to help be a woman who is a direct survivor Latin America Program makes every single mothers with young children of intimate partner abuse. While we effort to review letters of inquiry within who have the greatest financial abhor abuse from any source, our effort six weeks. If you have not received a challenges (childcare costs, etc.) to gain is in assisting those women who are response from us after that time, please work skills so they can support their survivors of partner abuse. The primary assume that your letter of inquiry is not families. Our funds target women who intent of the WISP program is to assist being considered. Only those inquiries are in desperate financial situations women who have been parted from an that staff members consider will receive and absolutely must have both an abusive partner for a minimum of one a response. Please visit the Open education and our funds to assist them. year. Women who have been parted Society Foundations’ website for more For Profit schools are a low priority for from their batterers for more than details. WISP funding. Support is available for five years may also apply. However, full or part-time students interested funding for these individuals may be Women’s Independence in attending accredited programs at limited. Special consideration will be Scholarship Program educational institutions listed below, in given to those interested in using their Deadline: Rolling order of preference: State supported education to further the rights of, and tinyurl.com/mtr8enphttp community colleges; State supported options for, women and girls. For more The Women’s Independence colleges or universities; Technical/ information, please visit the website. Scholarship Program (WISP) was vocational schools; Private colleges or Conferences

Gender, Water, and Development: behind, while research on the different treatment and equality. In some places, the Untapped Connection gendered uses of water remains limited they face the threat of violence daily. Water Research Commission, South and fragmented. Added to this, there The “Kill the Gays” law in Uganda, the Africa has been an uninspiring pace of both draconian laws and brutality against February 19-21, 2014 policy and civil society advocacy for sexual minorities in Russia and the Emo tinyurl.com/n63pzfa gender equality in the water sector; killings in Iraq are only a few of the A Gender Conference will be hosted the outcome of this can be seen in challenges LGBTQ people face globally. by the Water Research Commission the limited dialogue which still occurs This Conference seeks to explore all together with the Department of Water between grassroots movements, civil aspects of gender identity and gender Affairs, the African Ministers’ Council society, policy makers, practitioners and expression. Specific panel topics may on Water (AMCOW), the Women researchers. A scarcity of funding has include, but are not limited to: Law and for Water Partnership (WfWP) and further exacerbated this dilemma, while gender identity; Transgendered children; the Southern African Development an urgent need to increase the limited Evolution of gendered language; Health Community (SADC). Significant growth research skills capacity in this sector has and gender identity; Gender queer has occurred in the awareness of gender also been identified. and non-binary identities; Transgender hierarchies in water development, activism; The history of sexuality and management and utilization over the Women’s History Conference gender. past twenty years. In response, policy Sarah Lawrence College makers, governments and in particular March 1, 2014 Gender Studies Symposium the African Ministers’ Council on tinyurl.com/k3hhwjo Lewis and Clark University Water (AMCOW) have translated this Since the defeat of Proposition 8 March 5-7, 2014 awareness into an unambiguous call for banning gay marriage in California, the tinyurl.com/mgucu5h the intersection of class, race and gender LGBT movement has claimed several The 33rd Annual Gender Studies equality within these water sectors. significant victories in the struggle for Symposium explores the relationship Nevertheless, gender gaps have widened civil rights in the United States. Despite between where we are and who we and the inclusion of women in decision these advances, gender non-conformists are. Our environments—whether the making about water development and at home and around the world face bathroom, internet, workplace, or management at all levels is still lagging daunting challenges in their fight for fair sidewalk—have profound effects on the 24 lives we lead. How do our interactions welcome scholars, NGO in these spaces create, support, and/or representatives, corporate destabilize larger institutions of power and Governmental such as prisons, political systems, or representatives gathered nations? Engage with students, scholars, with a common goal-- activists, community leaders, and that of poverty reduction artists in thinking about relationships and to increase social of gender, sexuality, and power in the responsibility. Fostering locations where we find ourselves. partnerships and international cooperation Poverty and Social Protection are integral steps towards Conference notable change. Tomorrow People Organization, Bangkok, Thailand Southeastern Women’s March 9-11, 2014 Studies Conference: tinyurl.com/m3tfxuy The Ebb and Flow of This conference will focus on issues Femini sm of poverty and its eradication, social University of North inequality, race relations and policy Carolina, Wilmington management and mismanagement March 27-29, 2014 with an international perspective. www.uncw.edu As poverty continues to be an The past few years have ongoing, often-inhumane problem, marked the anniversary this conference aims to provide a of a number of landmark comparative perspective in analyzing moments, publications past/current trends and conditions to and legislation crucial to feminism, April 4-5, 2014 better understand the never-ending including the passage of Roe v. Wade, www.blogs.furman.edu/bhati downward spiral many individuals the publication of The Feminine The theme of the tenth biennial and families find themselves in. The Mystique and The Bell Jar, and the Gender Studies Conference recognizes 2014 Poverty and Social Protection legalization of birth control. What the multiplicity and diversity of Conference (P.S.P) will address questions potential do we have for new creation scholarly approaches and activism to regarding the role and importance of when we revisit historical, cultural, and the long-standing aspiration for the equal distribution of resources and physical space? SEWSA 2014 provides a abolition of all forms of inequality social inclusion. The potential roles and forum to analyze, discuss, and represent based on gender and/or sexuality. impacts less-developed countries have diverse histories, theories, and actions It also recognizes and welcomes on politics, business, education and that revisit and reexamine feminisms. transnational and cross-cultural or the public sector. In addition, major The conference invites conversations comparative perspectives on gender social and economic trends and their surrounding The Ebb and Flow: and sexuality in addition to those in/ potential for poverty reduction. The Navigating the Changing Landscapes on the West. While the intersectionality 2014 P.S.P Conference will focus on of Feminism that are transformative in of categories of race, class, gender, how poverty is measured, the effects the interdisciplinary study of women, sexual orientation, and other markers of welfare states, the major causes gender, and sexuality. The conference of location or positionality has long of poverty including environmental will foster a vigorous, open and inclusive been established in scholarship, we and economic factors such as the dialogue about different avenues to would like to think that the concept World Bank as well as governance, change and transformation. Reflections metaphor of ‘assemblages’ can also demographics and social factors. P.S.P on changes in feminisms, and all be useful in looking back and thinking Conference 2014 will also address forms of political action, from rage to ahead of new, emergent, or utopian the many effects of poverty, rural compromise, will be considered. All forms of solidarity in the many ongoing development, including social isolation, disciplines and levels of scholarship are or past intersectional movements in human trafficking, displacement, suicide welcome. different locations that may or may and homelessness. Poverty reduction not be operating in tandem with strategies, economic growth, free Intersections and Assemblages: one another. What do we see when market, fair trade, social aid and the Genders and Sexualities across we map what we do collectively as unavoidable effects of globalization. Cultures intellectuals? Are we now at a juncture The 2014 P.S.P. Conference will Furman University, South Carolina where we may begin to re-assess and CONFERENCES 25 revitalize the much-expanded field or Unite for Sight: Global Health and social entrepreneurship conference, related cluster of fields that constitute Innovation Conference with 2,200 professionals and students Gender Studies? What can we learn Yale University from all 50 states and more than 55 about the exercise of and resistance April 12-13, 2014 countries. This must-attend, thought- to new, or not-so-new forms of power www.uniteforsight.org/conference leading conference convenes leaders, based in dominant or emerging The Global Health and Innovation change-makers, and participants cultural practices that impact our Conference (GHIC) is the world’s from all sectors of global health, understanding of gender and sexuality? leading and largest global health international development, and social conference as well as the largest entrepreneurship. Calls for Papers

Global Gender Economics University of Chicago Press commemorate the 40th anniversary Conference 2014 2015 Catharine Stimpson Prize for of the first United Nations World Deadline: February 28, 2014 Outstanding Feminist Scholarship Conference on Women that took place tinyurl.com/kmsa2ld Deadline: March 1, 2014 in Mexico City in 1975. In the forty Applications should meet the aims of tinyurl.com/lwzat37 years since, transnational feminisms, the conference, which are: to raise The University of Chicago Press is Native and indigenous feminisms, and awareness of the emerging field of pleased to announce the competition women of color feminisms have troubled Gender Economics by linking current for the 2015 Catharine Stimpson Prize the idea of a global sisterhood while gender issues with academic and case for Outstanding Feminist Scholarship. also providing tools to navigate the study (field) research; to challenge Named in honor of the founding editor global realities of our contemporary current economic theory, broadening the of Signs: Journal of Women in Culture societies. Despite the important conversation to encompass sociological and Society, the Catharine Stimpson theoretical and practical interventions complexities currently at play in Prize is designed to recognize excellence mobilized by transnational feminisms, society—to deconstruct economic policy, and innovation in the work of emerging its sedimentation has also produced reconstructing it in a manner that allows feminist scholars. The Prize is awarded new challenges. Rather than producing us to develop rational and objective biannually to the best paper in an complex analyses of gendered, racialized tracks for further research; to highlight international competition. Leading geo-political relationships, transnational concrete ways that diversity (Diversity feminist scholars from around the globe feminisms are now, at times, used Economics) can be a positive impact on will select the winner. The prizewinning to justify the imposition of U.S. and economics, to commence discussions paper will be published in Signs, and the European political-economic systems. on proactive solutions for measuring author will be provided an honorarium Might feminists reclaim the initial this impact; and to ensure that the of $1,000. All papers submitted for promises of transnational feminism discussion is gender neutral and provides the Prize will be considered for peer to intervene in the global economic open discourses for inclusion of all review and possible publication in Signs. system or is western feminism subject genders to further proactive and positive Eligibility: Feminist scholars in the early to reproducing western narratives of conversations about Gender Economics years of their careers (fewer than seven progress? Is transnational feminism’s in the wider community. The conference years since receipt of the terminal co-optation the result of U.S. Women’s will address four major streams that degree) are invited to submit papers Studies programs seeking to justify focus on the economic impact of for the Prize. Please see guidelines for their contributions to universities’ issues such as 1) violence against submission at the website. globalizing missions? Can we imagine women/men, media (consumerism a global Women’s Studies approach and marketing), 2) Diversity Economics Frontiers: A Journal of Women’s that unsettles not only second wave (organizational performance), 3) the Studies internationalist narratives but also economic empowerment of women Special Issue: Transnational contemporary western-centered through increasing their spheres Femini sms transnational feminist narratives? This of influence (Female Investment), Deadline: May 1, 2014 special issue asks feminist scholars to and 4) exploring the current global tinyurl.com/lapz6nd engage these questions and to explore economic environment and solutions for Frontiers invites submissions for a alternatives. What other definitions environmental sustainability through the special issue on transnational feminism of transnational feminism are at work, following streams. and its impact on Women’s Studies based in struggles for self-definition as a field. With this special issue, we and decolonization internationally? 26 How might Native feminisms force a of intersectionality, Native feminisms, publishes articles monthly in all subject reconsideration of feminist assumptions, women of color feminisms, and areas in its open access journals. The and how might transnational transnational feminisms in this special Journal welcomes the submission of feminist theory contribute to this issue of Frontiers. We hope to explore manuscripts that meet the general reconceptualization? What would U.S. how the theoretical contributions in criteria of significance and scientific feminism look like if it began not with these areas speak to contemporary excellence. Papers will be published the United States’ mythical democratic globalization in a neoliberal era. approximately one month after origins, as Andrea Smith suggests, but Selected contributors may be invited acceptance. All articles published in with transnational dynamics of empire to workshop their articles, contingent JRPGD will be peer-reviewed. Acceptable and sovereign struggle? How can we use upon funding. For submission guidelines, submissions should be in one of three existing interrogations of imperialism please consult the Ohio State University formats: regular articles which describe and late capitalism to ask new questions Frontiers websites: http://frontiers.osu. new and carefully confirmed findings and imagine new ways of resisting and edu/submissions. and experimental procedures that are confronting contemporary global and given in sufficient detail for others to local realities? To this end, we also Journal of Research in Peace, verify the work; short communications ask contributors to consider: how do Gender, and Development (JRPGD) which are suitable for recording the feminists theorize men’s and women’s Deadline: Rolling results of complete small investigations relationships to postcolonial landscapes, tinyurl.com/c79ng3h or giving details of new models or as well as neoliberal and newly The Journal is a multidisciplinary and hypotheses, innovative methods, colonized geographies? What theories peer-reviewed journal. It aims to link techniques or apparatuses; and review contribute to coalition building across theory and research to educational essays which cover perspectives real differences and national borders? practice and is committed to furthering on current topics of interest within We seek to provoke a productive original research on Peace, Gender the areas of peace, gender, and conversation that draws upon theories and Development studies. The JRPGD development.

CALLS FOR PAPERS 27 Online Resources

AfricaBib Women Agenda for Action. The system is now map ranks countries on a scale of 1-6, www.africabib.org/women.htm taking new forms after the 4th High with 1 being lowest and 6 being highest, This online bibliography contains over Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF-4) on their levels of gender equality. The 37,000 sources on a wide range of issues and with the Global Partnership for map also converts to a data table, pertaining to African women, such as Effective Development Cooperation. In which shows additional indicators of literature, politics, cultural studies, 2013, the authors are broadening the development, including property rights, education, women’s empowerment, and series to also inform about development social protection, and more, for a range more. The bibliography is searchable by cooperation debates and processes of countries. region, title, author, year, and type of with the United Nations. The authors’ document. AfricaBib also operates other objective is to encourage women’s rights Focus International similar bibliographies for other topics and other civil society organizations to WIDNet pertaining to the study of Africa. deepen their engagement—or join in www.focusintl.com the process—of calling for inclusive, WIDNET is a virtual network that was African Gender Institute’s Feminist sustainable, and just development for set up in 1996 by Focus International. Africa Online Collection all and for development cooperation It is made-up of people interested www.agi.ac.za/journals/ grounded in the framework of human in contributing their share to the Feminist Africa is a continental gender rights with an integrated gender promotion of Gender Equality and Equity studies journal that provides a platform perspective. in the development process. The website for intellectual and activist research, features a directory of a wide variety of dialogue and strategy. Feminist Africa Center for Reproductive Health resources in both a general manner and attends to the complex and diverse World’s Abortion Law Map also features a more specific analysis by dynamics of creativity and resistance worldabortionlaws.com/map/ country and by region. that have emerged in postcolonial Since 1998, the Center for Reproductive Africa, and the manner in which these Rights has produced The World’s Institute of Development Studies are shaped by the shifting global Abortion Laws map to visually compare BRIDGE Gender and Social Movements geopolitical configurations of power. the legal status of abortion in different www.ids.ac.uk Feminist Africa provides a forum for countries—and to advocate for greater IDS has launched a new website on progressive, cutting-edge gender progress in ensuring access to safe and gender and social movements, offering research and feminist dialogue focused legal abortion services for all women new and easier ways of accessing a on the continent. The journal prioritizes worldwide. range of resources from over three years intellectual rigor and encourages of innovative research on this theme. innovation in terms of style and subject- Coalition against Trafficking in The new resource has been developed matter as well as design and lay-out. Women by the BRIDGE team at IDS as part of It promotes dialogue by stimulating Article Database their exciting Cutting Edge program experimentation as well as new ways of tinyurl.com/kkgu87f on Gender and Social Movements. engaging with text for readers. Issues of This database, collected and maintained The program has been working to Feminist Africa can be accessed online at by the Coalition against Trafficking in inspire and help build more effective, this portal. Women, features a collection of articles, gender-just social movements, better personal interviews, and book reviews able to create positive transformation Association for Women’s Rights on the subject of the sex trafficking of and equality for all. The program has and Development women and efforts to combat it. championed a collaborative approach, The United Nations Development driven by an expert advisory group Cooperation Forum through a Women’s CPIA Gender Equality Rating led by Indian feminist and researcher Rights Lens tinyurl.com/l6bgglp Srilatha Batliwala, and actively involving www.un.org Gender equality assesses the extent “communities of practice” made up The purpose of this series is to share to which the country has installed of over 100 activists and scholars critical information and analysis with institutions and programs to enforce from a range of global regions and women’s rights and gender equality laws and policies that promote equal social movements. Together the group advocates about the development access for men and women in education, explored how social justice movements cooperation system that emerged with health, the economy, and protection think about women’s rights and gender the Paris Declaration and the Accra under law. This interactive World Bank justice, both in the outside world and 28 within their own internal structures, providing a brief overview, key findings young women in Ethiopia. All of them and considered the potential of feminist and recommendations, to help you save participated in an innovative program movement building to enable diverse time deciding which resources you really for child brides known as TESFA, which social movements to recognize and want to read. The database is added to stands for Toward Economic and address the inequalities and power monthly with the latest resources on a Sexual/Reproductive Health Outcomes dynamics in their midst. As part of particular theme and/or region. BRIDGE for Adolescent Girls. The three-year this participatory approach, a series also strives to make resources available long program, which reached more of “routes to change” have been in languages other than English. A than 5,000 young married adolescent developed for movements and allied number of resources are available in girls in the country’s Amhara region, organizations to adapt and try. The French and Spanish, as well as other concluded in September 2013. The website represents a new way of languages within the database. photos taken by these 10 girls—whose showcasing BRIDGE Cutting names have been changed to Edge Packs, and also offers protect their identities—are a range of multimedia organized into five categories: materials on gender and education; burden of labor; social movements, meaning gender roles; economic and visitors can: watch a video social lives; and sexual and introduction by Cutting reproductive health. The Edge author Jessica Horn; photos paint a beautiful download the gender and picture of the experiences social movements overview the girls encountered during report in full or in sections; the course of the TESFA download the gender and project, providing a rare and social movement In Brief unique glimpse of their daily bulletin; access a range lives and challenges, their of additional supporting families, their relationships, resources; read case studies their responsibilities and, written by activists and importantly, their dreams. social movements scholars from around the world; International Institute of watch videos showcasing History different perspectives ViVa: a Women’s History on gender and social Database movements; view photo tinyurl.com/mh87vyu slideshows on social Viva is a current bibliography movements around the world; connect International Center for Research of women’s and gender history in and share with others; and join the on Women historical and women’s studies journals. debate. Photovoice Articles in English, French, German, tinyurl.com/ldow8tl Dutch, Scandinavian languages, and, BRIDGE Photovoice is an innovative collection occasionally Spanish, are selected from Global Resources Database of photos that depict the daily lives 180 European, American, Canadian, tinyurl.com/krhzund of married young women and girls Asian, Australian and New Zealand BRIDGE is a research and information in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. journals. All bibliographic descriptions program which maintains an online ICRW, in collaboration with CARE are stored in the ViVa database. It now library of gender resources and Ethiopia, used a research technique contains more than 12,000 records documents. This library contains known as Photovoice. The girls were describing articles from 1975 onwards. over 3,000 specially selected gender trained in the mechanics and ethics It is online and freely accessible. You documents picked from over 1,500 of photography, and over the course can search the database and browse sources. It covers longstanding concerns of five days in April 2013, they used by year of publication. ViVa stands and debates as well as emerging issues. donated digital cameras to visually for “Vrouwengeschiedenis in het It provides access to research, reports document the impact the program had Vaktijdschrift,” which is Dutch for and policy documents, as well as on their lives. The photographs that “Women’s History in Professional records of good practice, lessons learnt appear in this exhibition depict the Journals.” The bibliography was started and case studies, amongst other things. world as viewed through the eyes—and in 1990 by Els Kloek as a special Each resource has been summarized camera lenses—of 10 such girls and project at the History Department ONLINE RESOURCES 29 of the University of Utrecht, in the Conventions, 3) Customary Law, 4) and Dr. Flood has given permission to Netherlands. Since 1995 the project has Land Tenure and Related Institutions, link the bibliography to other websites. been continued by the International 5) Civil Society Organizations, and 6) Institute of Social History. The Land Related Statistics. Information can World Bank bibliography, now named ViVa, was be accessed through the Land Portal GenderStats made available on the web in 1997. country pages, which also display basic tinyurl.com/6wtkkh5 Since then an additional 140 journals data on i) total number of holders; ii) This gender data portal is a one-stop have been indexed retroactively, and women holders; iii) number of holdings shop for gender information, catering new titles are being added to the under co-ownership; iv) number of to a wide range of users and providing online version on an ongoing basis. rural households headed by women. data from a variety of sources. Data at The compilation consists of articles Information is synthesized by FAO on the country level are organized under on women and gender from historical the basis of international and national six thematic headings, which are aligned journals and history from women’s legislation relevant to women’s land with the themes identified by the Inter- studies journals. All substantial articles rights, and available figures from agency and Expert Group on Gender and review essays about women and household surveys and/or agricultural Statistics. The portal includes gender gender in history are listed in the censuses. Definitions and sources, as datasets from the United Nations (UN) bibliography. Related topics such as well as full and comparative reports can compiled by its Regional Commissions prostitution, witchcraft, housework, be found on the FAO website. and Sectoral Agencies, as well as World sexuality, birth control, infanticide, the Bank conducted or funded surveys family, gynecology, and masculinity are The Men’s Bibliography and reports, such as the 2012 World also included. mensbiblio.xyonline.net Development Report (WDR) on Gender The Men’s Bibliography is an incredible and Development. The data available Land Portal extensive bibliography organized and should enable assessment of Bank FAO Gender and Land Rights Database maintained by Dr. Michael Flood, the funding of gender-informed activities, as www.landportal.info architect of XY Online. The bibliography well as monitoring of country progress The FAO Gender and Land Rights contains a wide variety of sources on on key development agendas such as database provides qualitative and an even wider variety of topics. The the Millennium Development Goals, IDA quantitative information on factors Men’s Bibliography is a comprehensive 16 and the Bank’s Corporate Scorecard. influencing men and women’s land and up-to-date bibliography of writing This portal is a work in progress—the rights. The database currently covers on men, masculinities, gender, and database will be continuously updated 80 countries, with facts and figures sexualities. The Men’s Bibliography lists as new information becomes available, around 24 subjects, organized under about 22,400 books and articles, sorted and as new gender priorities are 6 thematic areas: 1)National Legal into over thirty major subject areas. The identified. Frame, 2)International Treaties and bibliography is free and for public use, Book Review

Land Grab: Green Neoliberalism, Gender, and Garifuna Resistance, by Keri Vacanti Brondo, 2013, 233pp, University of Arizona Press. Review by Fredy Rodriguez-Mejia, PhD candidate,Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University.

Dr. Keri Brondo’s timely book unveils some of the most critical dimensions of “neoliberalism” at a time when the usage of the term has come under scrutiny for being overly referenced or becoming synonymous with bad socioeconomic policies. Instead, Brondo seeks to evaluate neoliberal policies in both their productive and harmful potential. At the heart of Brondo’s argument lies the question of “freedom”—defined in this context as people’s well-being: “Can ‘freedom’ ever be achieved under the structures of neoliberalism?” she asks. In addressing this question, Brondo examines multiple perspectives situated within the context of Garifuna communities in the North Coast of Honduras and their gendered relationship with the Honduran state, development policy makers, and the non-Garifuna social sector. In examining how the subjectivities of multiple actors intersect, Brondo’s study employs a feminist political ecology approach which explores how gender, race, ethnicity, class, and culture, interact in the unequal distribution of resources. Drawing from Anna Tsing’s (2005) seminal work—Friction: an ethnography of global connection—Brondo contends that “freedom comes in many forms, often creating friction as distinct groups of people cross paths in grounded space in pursuit of their individual and collective rights” (pp. 16). In showcasing the experiences of Garifuna men and women as they struggle to maintain their rights to land and self-determination while coastal Honduras continues to undergo significant socioeconomic 30 transformation, namely neoliberal land reform, privatization, tourism growth, and conservation initiatives, Brondo’s work demonstrates how “friction” actually occurs through people’s everyday encounters with each other, the state, and broader socioeconomic networks. This book consists of nine chapters and a reflexive conclusion. Chapter 1 offers a thorough ethnographic account and history of Garifuna settlement in the North Coast of Honduras since 1797. It explores the Garifuna’s multiple strategies of place- making, their increasingly diminishing control of resources vis-à-vis economic elites, the role of the U.S. fruit industry in defining their place, and their exclusion from the Honduran Indo-Hispanic nation. Chapter 2 overviews how labor movements, the surge of civil rights discourse, and economic development policies since the 1950s have led to “new articulations of identity” for the Garifuna; more specifically identifying as “Afro-Honduran autochthonous people” as a strategy to fight for their rights as equal citizens of Honduras. It also looks at how as Honduras transitioned to neoliberal approaches to economic development, and implemented agrarian reforms that continued to exclude the Garifuna, they began to organize in terms of an “Afro-indigenous” identity. Chapter 3 introduces the community of Sambo Creek, which is central to the book. It explores the migration of mestizos (people of mixed ethnicity and race) to Garifuna communities and the displacement of the latter from their ancestral territories. Chapter 4 offers an in-depth discussion of how emergent territorial lines are gendered. It examines how Garifuna women’s rights have been delineated through the privatization of communal land and the emergence of communal land titles which assign them different roles and values in their own communities. Chapter 5 explores the surge of ethnic-based activism among Garifuna communities and it compares the different activism strategies of two organizations: Organization Fraternal Negra Hondureña (OFRANEH) and the Organización de Desarrollo Etnico Comunitario (ODECO)—one that promotes “black indigeneity” and the other that is more open to neoliberal development policies. Chapter 6 examines the construction of the Garifuna as “indigenous” within the emergence of multicultural rights rhetoric and how mestizos have reacted to this label. Chapter 7 and 8 offer case studies from the region of Cayos Cochinos. It examines Garifuna resistance strategies to neoliberal development and conservation initiatives within the context of the Cayos Cochinos Marine Protected Area (CCMPA). In both chapters, Brondo elucidates Garifuna communities’ struggle with changing livelihood strategies. Chapter 9 explores the relationship between Garifuna’s conception of indigeneity, development projects, and gendered rights activism after the 2009 coup d’état which overthrew President Manuel Zelaya. Brondo concludes with a reflexive chapter that examines the important role of subjectivity and positionality in both her own research and her subjects’ understandings of land rights, indigeneity, and territoriality. Here she considers the important role of mobilization in potential social transformation along the lines of identity versus resource-based mobilization strategies. She closes with the statement that all of the transformations that have occurred in coastal Honduras are rooted in a “deep history of ethnic and racial discrimination tied to national development policy” (pp.199). The most recent move toward neoliberal conservation and development (e.g. growth of ecotourism) has further exacerbated how the Garifuna interact with their environment and has limited their autonomy. These changes have not only benefited foreign investors but also are hardest for Garifuna women whose livelihood strategies have been dismantled. Brondo’s book brings together different themes previously explored by other authors (e.g. Anderson’s work on Garifuna indigeneity and Euraque’s work on the making of the Honduran nation) in a context significant to the current state of affairs in Honduran politics, violence, and its plummeting economy. Her critical examination also adds a gender component that has been missing in previous works. Perhaps her most valuable contribution is demonstrating how the economic changes she describes are actually “neoliberal” and how these occur not as the imposition of rules from the state and economic elites onto passive receivers, but how they are contested, negotiated, and accepted dialectically by multiple actors from multiple spaces in multiple circumstances. Thus, Brondo astutely employs her “friction” vignettes to show both the harmful and productive sides of neoliberal economic policies. On the one hand, such as in the case of neoliberal land reform policies, the state “transforms previously untradeable things into tradable commodities, removing regulations that impede market competition” (pp.10); this is exemplified in the privatization of communal lands, the support of eco-tourism initiatives, and the transfer of conservation projects to foreign actors (pp. 150-151). The state also opens up markets, devaluates local currencies, and invites foreign investment (e.g. the maquiladora industry) introducing new divisions of labor that predominantly affect women (pp.40). On the other hand, the neoliberal package includes support for individual rights and international law agreements of transparency (e.g. ILO Convention 169) which afforded indigenous and Garifuna activists the tools to assert rights to land and self-determination, and allowed women to situate themselves as a central component to development and eco-tourism initiatives due to their close ties to livelihood strategies and cultural traditions (pp.43). Brondo’s book manages to wed the ethnographic “thick description” style advocated by Clifford Geertz in her raw and sometimes heartbreaking vignettes about the life in Garifuna communities with a rich descriptive and contextual analysis of the making and transformation of neoliberal laws in Honduras as well as how international laws have been understood and adopted on the ground opening up the possibilities for social transformation and resistance. For any scholar of neoliberal economies, tourism industries, gender studies, subjectivity, and power, this book constitutes an invaluable resource.

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