Smart Islands Declaration
New pathways for European Islands to create smart, inclusive and thriving island societies for an innovative and sustainable Europe
Forward
Who we are
We are European island local and regional authorities and actors representing our islands with the goal to promote the Smart Islands Initiative. The Smart Islands Initiative is a bottom-up effort spearheaded by island authorities and communities that communicates the need to tap the significant, yet largely unexploited potential of islands to function as laboratories for technological, social, environmental, economic and political innovation. The Smart Islands Initiative builds on years of collaboration between European islands and seeks to demonstrate that islands can host pilot projects and produce knowledge on smart and efficient resource and infrastructure management, which may be then transferred in mountainous, rural and generally geographically isolated areas but also scaled-up in big cities of continental Europe and beyond. The Smart Islands Initiative is inspired by the European Commission’s Smart Cities and Communities initiative, yet it goes one step further by extending the synergies beyond energy, transport and ICT to also include water and waste, directly addressing circularity in the economy. This holistic approach derives from insularity, the condition that forces island authorities to focus on how to ensure the optimal use and management of their resources and infrastructures, very often within island boundaries, in order to support sustainable and equitable economic development that fully taps into islands’ potential (geography, natural and human resources, products). Ultimately the Smart Islands Initiative advocates in favor of a place-based, transformative development agenda that makes the most out of islands’ competitive advantages, generates local growth and prosperity and contributes to EU policy goals in the fields of energy, climate mitigation and adaptation, innovation, circular economy, transport and mobility, blue growth, and the digital agenda. Against this backdrop, we think it is of utmost importance that all stakeholders of the Quadruple Helix, namely the public and private sector, academia and civil society join forces and become delivery agents of the Smart Islands Initiative. European and international policy context
The Smart Islands Initiative is the culmination of a series of activities including concrete financing opportunities for islands to promote sustainable energy planning and mature sustainable projects locally (ISLEPACT; SMILEGOV), European Parliament initiatives (2006/2106(INI); 2015/3014 (RSP)), highlighting the challenges as much as the potential of islands to usher into a low-carbon, sustainable development paradigm, establishment of European island networks (ISLENET) and clusters (SMILEGOV) and more.
A key catalyst of islands’ collaboration is the Pact of Islands, a political initiative with 117 EU island signatories, similar to the Covenant of Mayors in terms of commitments, yet focusing more on islands’ intrinsic characteristics. A process of streamlining the Pact of Islands with the new Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy is currently taking place to ensure a harmonized and integrated approach to tackling climate change through mitigation and adaptation efforts and laying the foundations for sustainable and inclusive growth at local level in Europe. Lastly, the historic Paris Agreement places particular emphasis on the need to strengthen the role and capacity of local authorities to tackle climate change by reducing emissions, building resilience and establishing cooperation platforms at local, national and international levels. Put all these developments together, European islands are offered a unique opportunity to demonstrate worldwide their role and contribution to accelerating action towards a low-carbon, circular and sustainable model of development, one that respects the limits of island as much as global ecosystems and available natural resources. Islands in Europe
European islands have been experimenting with new forms of sustainable living for years, by putting in place innovative governance schemes to become more socially inclusive, trying out different business models for the provision of new services, introducing cutting-edge technologies to optimize the use of resources and infrastructures, educating their population and raising visitors’ awareness around key sustainability issues. Through an often entrepreneurial discovery process, driven by the quest to respond to pressing, real-life challenges, islands have produced best practices on smart and sustainable local development, providing inspiration and motivation to other insular and mainland areas in Europe and globally.
We consider islands to be living labs that can offer important lessons on multiple policy fronts, including energy, transport, circular economy, multi-level governance and ICT and for different geographies – cities and towns, rural and mountainous areas. This is due to the fact that islands themselves are faced with different challenges as a result of variations in their size, distance from the mainland, population density, legal status and level of fiscal and political devolution. Despite their differences though, islands are shaped by insularity, a structural, ever-present condition of geographic discontinuity with a series of implications including energy dependency – particularly on fossil fuels – high transportation costs, limited economic diversification, but also unique ecosystems, enhanced levels of social capital, strong sense of identity and belonging. We believe that this set of pluralistic characteristics is in fact conductive to the emergence of local development paradigms on islands that optimally combine environmental, social, economic and technological solutions underpinned by the premise of smart, integrated and inclusive natural resources and infrastructures management.
We understand that to be able to capture islands’ potential to transform into smart and thriving economies, we will have to be creative and apply systems thinking in order to identify and realize synergies between a multitude of sectors: economy, society, sustainability, mobility, ICT, circular economy, governance. Even more so, we ought to do this in a socially inclusive way, ensuring the active engagement of our authorities, citizens, entrepreneurs and researchers. We are ready to take on this challenge and to this end we establish the Smart Islands Initiative.
We, the representatives of European Islands
Define a Smart Island as the insular territory that embarks on a climate resilient pathway, combining climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts, in order to create sustainable local economic development and a high quality of life for the local population by implementing smart and integrated solutions to the management of infrastructures, natural resources and the environment as a whole, supported by the use of ICT, all while promoting the use of innovative and socially inclusive governance and financing schemes.
Conceive the Smart Islands Initiative as one that builds on islands’ experience to evolve as distinct ecosystems over time, striking a balance between the dynamics of their population, resource availability and economic activities. With this in mind, we commit to capitalize on our extensive experience in devising and implementing innovative and sustainable solutions at local level and become drivers and delivery agents of Europe’s transition into a low-carbon, inclusive and sustainable economy.
We want to become smart, inclusive and thriving societies and to this end we will:
1. Take action to mitigate and adapt to climate change and build resilience at local level 2. Trigger the uptake of smart technologies to ensure the optimal management and use of our resources and infrastructures 3. Move away from fossil fuels by tapping our significant renewables and energy efficiency potential 4. Introduce sustainable island mobility including electric mobility 5. Reduce water scarcity by applying non-conventional and smart water resources management 6. Become zero-waste territories by moving to a circular economy 7. Preserve our distinctive natural and cultural capital 8. Diversify our economies by exploiting the intrinsic characteristics of our islands to create new and innovative jobs locally 9. Strengthen social inclusion, education and citizens’ empowerment 10. Encourage the shift towards alternative, yearlong, sustainable and responsible tourism, also inland, coastal and maritime
Smart and Integrated Resources and Infrastructure Management
Energy
We will tap into our significant renewable energy sources including solar, wind, tidal, ocean, wave, and geothermal potential and lead CO2 emissions reduction efforts to become increasingly energy independent, minimizing fuel imports and subsequent costs and allowing the emergence of new business models favouring decentralized energy production and consumption and the rise of islanders as prosumers.
We will increase the energy efficiency of our building stock (electricity, heating and cooling) and infrastructures (e.g. street lighting, pumping stations), also within protected historic districts, to reduce subsequent CO2 emissions, through the integration of innovative technologies and practices and the adoption of zero-cost actions by islanders and visitors, triggering a shift to more responsible energy consumption patterns and more resilient infrastructures overall.
We will promote small islands in particular as test-beds for cutting-edge, sustainable energy technologies, including smart grids, storage and demand-response and by doing so make the operation of electrical grids more flexible, ensure increased penetration of renewables, improve the quality of life of the local population and provide useful insights on how these technologies can be transferred in other islands and geographically isolated territories and scaled up in big cities of continental Europe.
We will exploit existing synergies between sustainable energy and waste, water and transport sectors, underscoring islands’ potential to emerge as laboratories for the development of integrated solutions including the production of renewable energy from waste, the use of excess renewable power in shipping and EVs and use of renewable energy for water desalination purposes. Transport
We will change our modal split towards sustainable transport modes including new ways of using the car (car-sharing, car-pooling), promoting walking and cycling (trails restoration, bike-sharing) and optimizing the design of multi-modal hubs and terminals, towards boosting the sustainable growth of key sectors, i.e. yearlong tourism, logistics, commerce, agriculture and fishing.
We will realize existing synergies between transport and energy, by promoting ferries using alternative fuels such as LNG or hydrogen, balancing intermittent power from renewable energy through cold ironing, integrating electric vehicles and ferries into islands’ smart electric grids ensuring increased penetration of renewable energy at local level and minimizing the use of fossil fuels.
We will introduce island hopping infrastructure in islands close to the mainland or island archipelagos in particular, using small-scale electric vessels and/or vessels fueled by LNG, methane or hydrogen that can also operate on automatic pilot to reduce environmental and transportation costs and bring tangible benefits to island communities and local markets.
We will promote intelligent transport management and information systems with a view to improving the quality of service provision and help with monitoring and mitigating pollution levels resulting from transport, especially in islands’ ports and urban centers. Water
We will encourage non-conventional water resources management through grey water recycling and rain water harvesting coupled with the introduction of smart technologies for efficient water network upgrading order to reduce water losses, realise projects on water energy nexus, minimize costs and effectively tackle water scarcity on islands, also exacerbated by climate change.
We will promote the integrated management of our inland water resources, also by making use of traditional sustainable water management practices, in order to improve the quality and availability of groundwater, ensure the long-term health of aquifers and ultimately support the revival of sustainable island-scale agriculture that offers local products of high added value and quality.
We will make use of innovative approaches and tools such as the Ecosystem Approach and Integrated Coastal Zone Management to ensure the good environmental status of our marine and inland waters, crucial for livelihoods and human well-being and islands’ overall resilience.
We will raise awareness on the need to shift to more responsible consumption patterns and thus turn economic activities on islands such as tourism and agriculture more sustainable, enhance ecosystems’ resilience and build successful branding strategies, targeting the ever growing market of responsible and sustainable tourism. Waste
We will pursue the transition towards zero-waste territories by adopting a circular economy development model through the strengthening of local value chains.
We will put in place smart waste management at island level consisting of small-scale decentralized infrastructure for collecting, sorting, reusing and recycling and adopt innovative technologies including ICT so as to move away from traditional waste management techniques, improve environmental quality and create jobs locally.
We will prioritize the use of biomass as renewable fuel for heating and transport and consider energy crops as an alternative to regular crops in islands with significant agricultural production.
We will support targeted awareness raising activities on sustainable production and consumption for visitors and islanders, including households and the business sector. Enabling Factors
Governance
We will reinforce social inclusion through citizen empowerment and broad stakeholder engagement by focusing on participatory planning as well as participatory implementation, so as to ensure proper realization of projects and strategies and foster local ownership.
We will make use of the Integrated Territorial Investment and Community-Led Local Development tools provided under Cohesion Policy to make public interventions more efficient and tailored to local conditions, also in alignment with private sector activities.
We will tap into our rich traditional knowledge and culture of collaboration to nurture social innovation and bottom-up governance initiatives. Information and Communication Technologies
We will ensure the uptake of smart and sustainable technologies in our islands, allowing for a more efficient and inclusive management and use of our natural resources and infrastructures.
We will improve the provision of digital services in our islands in order to create new opportunities for citizens and businesses, boost the growth of innovative SMEs and start-ups and facilitate access to markets and sources of funding.
We will tackle the digital divide in island societies and strive to provide all citizens with equal access to information and digital services.
We will incorporate ICT tools in our policy- and decision-making processes to make these more participatory and inclusive. Economy
We will build on our tradition of enhanced social capital to nurture innovative forms of collective financing such as cooperatives, crowd-funding, crowd-lending and public-private-people partnerships. We will diversify our economic activities to foster the creation of sustainable local jobs, overturn the population decline and ageing and transform our islands into territories where people can live and prosper.
We will maximize the synergies between the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors (tourism in particular), so as to create new integrated local value chains, cultivate entrepreneurship, establish conditions for small-scale investment and support employment, particularly among the youth.
We will develop our Blue Economy potential by establishing strategic partnerships with market actors and academia in order to promote islands as blue labs for testing and piloting innovative services, products and tools, particularly in the fields of biotechnology, renewable energy, coastal tourism, marine conservation and more. To support and accelerate this transition
We invite national governments and the European Union
To create targeted funding and technical assistance programmes for the deployment of pilot integrated projects on islands combining all available instruments (ESIF, Horizon 2020, EFSI, COSME, EaSI, LIFE etc.).
To advise financial institutions to move their current thresholds downwards in order to support small- scale investments with a significant impact on the local level and offer security schemes and loan guarantee funds for community based investment.
To put in place a regulatory framework that fully exploits islands’ comparative advantages, simplifies bureaucratic procedures and reduces transaction costs for small and medium-scale investments provided that local participation and acceptance is enhanced as a means of guaranteeing proper realization of innovative sustainable projects on islands.
To strengthen multi-level governance so as to ensure island local conditions and potential are reflected in regional and national policy plans and efficient collaboration between the different administrative levels as well as public and private stakeholders is enhanced.
To recognize the contribution of the Smart Islands Initiative in a number of key policy priorities including Jobs, Growth and Investment, the Energy Union, the Digital Market and the Circular Economy; and to this end consider the Smart Islands Initiative in the preparation of the next multi- annual framework put in place after 2020. We invite the Quadruple Helix stakeholders
To support the implementation of the Smart Islands Initiative
By calling upon the business sector to deploy cutting-edge technologies on islands and introduce innovative products and services in order to also revitalize traditional sectors through new market niches, providing a boost to local sustainable growth. By calling upon academia to treat islands as living labs for interdisciplinary research and innovation. By calling upon civil society to work towards strengthening islands’ social capital and entrepreneurial spirit and help build a consensus-based, socially inclusive vision of islands’ future in a globalized world. We resolve
To further mature the Smart Islands Initiative by hosting the Smart Islands Forum on an annual basis as a collaborative, networking and knowledge-sharing space for European island governmental, administrative and community representatives, followed by the Smart Islands Conference, an opportunity for stakeholders to come together, exchange views and propose concrete measures for putting the Smart Islands Initiative into effect.
To explore the possibility of setting up the Smart Islands Platform, an organization that assists island authorities and actors in establishing strategic partnerships with industry, academia and civil society to develop solutions for islands’ infrastructure and natural resources management that are sustainable, integrated, transferable and scalable and by doing so respond to the quest for stepping- up R&D and coordinating investments in pilot and larger projects, whilst improving the quality of life on islands and inspiring mainland EU.
st 1 Smart Islands Forum 21-22 June 2016, Athens, Greece
SMART ISLANDS PROJECTS AND STRATEGIES
Dear participants to the 1st Smart Islands Forum,
Thank you for responding to our quest for filling in the Island Project Description google form! This input has been now well received, compiled and shared with you in the below format. We hope you find this material useful, preparing the ground for fruitful and constructive discussions during the Forum.
Note: To ensure coherence, where the text inserted exceeded by far the character limit, proper editing was conducted, without compromising the quality of information provided.
Contents
1 CROATIA ...... 4 1.1 Unije ...... 4 1.2 Lastovo ...... 5 1.3 Mljet ...... 7 1.4 Krk ...... 8 1.5 Korcula ...... 10 2 CYPRUS ...... 12 3 DENMARK ...... 13 3.1 Samsoe ...... 13 3.2 Aeroe ...... 15 3.3 Faroe Islands ...... 16 3.4 Bornholm ...... 18 4 FINLAND ...... 19 4.1 Aland ...... 19 5 FRANCE...... 20 5.1 Corsica, Guadeloupe, Reunion ...... 20 6 GERMANY ...... 21 6.1 Helgoland ...... 21 6.2 Juist ...... 22 7 GREECE ...... 23 7.1 Kythnos ...... 23 7.2 Crete ...... 26 8 ITALY ...... 27 8.1 Pantelleria ...... 27 8.2 Lampedusa ...... 28 8.3 Sardinia ...... 30 8.4 Certosa ...... 31 9 MALTA ...... 33 9.1 Gozo ...... 33
10 THE NENTHERLANDS ...... 34 10.1 Texel ...... 34 10.2 Ameland ...... 36 10.3 Vlieland ...... 37 11 SPAIN ...... 37 11.1 Canary Islands ...... 38 12 SWEDEN ...... 39 12.1 Gotland...... 39 12.2 Oland ...... 40 13 UK ...... 41 13.1 Scottish Islands ...... 41 13.2 Isle of Wight ...... 43 13.3 Isle of Eigg ...... 45
1 CROATIA
1.1 Unije
ISLAND PROFILE
The island of Unije is one of the 1244 Croatian islands, located in the Kvarner bay, south-west from the Island of Lošinj, with a surface of 16,77 square kilometres and 36,6 kilometres of coastline. The place called Unije is the only inhabited, located on the west side of the island. According to the 2011 census, the island has only 88 residents, mostly elderly population engaged in tourism, olive oil production, sheep breeding and fishing. Unije Island is mainly covered with underbush that is not cut or maintained so that a large part of the island is impassable, but the western part is quite flat and fertile. The name Unije stems from the Greek word heneios (neios, nia), meaning field. The island has a large number of olive trees (estimated at 20,000), but majority of it is also surrounded by underbush and thus hard to reach. The island’s geographical position favours the exploitation of renewable energy.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr. sc. Goran Krajacic is assistant professor at the Department of Energy, Power Engineering and Environment at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia. He has huge experience in planning and modelling of sustainable energy systems on islands and he has been actively involved in several CIP-IEE projects on the same topic. He participated in development of methodologies and roadmaps for energy planning of islands and he coordinated plans for 100% renewable energy systems on several islands and developed SEAPs for three Croatian islands.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
REA Kvarner has been founded by the Primorje Gorski Kotar County with the aim to promote and encourage sustainable regional energy development through the use of renewable energy sources and focusing on energy efficiency. REA Kvarner implements RES and EE projects for the founder, County's energy action plans, SEAPs for cities signatories of the Covenant of Mayors, as well as feasibility studies and RES/EE projects of local use. PGKC includes 4 big and 3 smaller islands with 39.706 people or 13.41% of all Croatian islands population. Beside SEAPs for two island’s cities, REAK has developed several energy scenarios for the small island Unije and successfully implemented several smaller RES projects on islands, two 100 kW PV systems on public schools and 500m2 of solar thermal collectors at public hospital. REA Kvarner is interested in sharing knowledge, experiences and expertise, especially for financing and implementing of pilot projects. It is focal point for MED islands network in PGC.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
In a study entitled “The Island of Unije: Energy Self-Sufficient Island“, prepared by REA Kvarner in cooperation with UNIZAG FSB, different scenarios until 2020 or 2030 were examined, and concrete RES and EE measures discussed that can transform Unije into an energy independent smart island with zero carbon emission. This study had covered also the problem of water shortages, and proposed the construction of desalination plant powered by renewable energy. The strategy also includes installation
of a ground photovoltaic power plant (up to 1 MW) combined with battery storage, energy-efficient LED street lighting, construction of a smaller biomass plant that would use the island vegetation and oil trees as fuel, educational walking paths leading to RES demonstration plants and special routes for bicycles and electric bicycles and electric vehicles for short-distance transportation and agriculture
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Construction of desalination plant powered by renewable energy Project Storyline: Island of Unije, as well as some other Croatian islands in the Adriatic Sea, has problems with water supply. Drinking water is delivered by water carrier ships and the only alternative is rainwater harvesting. Problems usually occur in the summer months with a lot of drought that decreases the level of rainwater harvested by the locals, and when the number of people (mostly tourists) on the island goes significantly up, leading to water shortages. To solve the problem a building permit for the desalination plant powered by renewable energy has already been obtained and it is expected that its construction will commence by the end of 2016. Financing: Funding will be provided by Public company Hrvatske vode, Utility company Cres- Lošinj, REA Kvarner, Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund. Actors Involved: Public actors that are involved in project: Public company Hrvatske vode, Utility company Cres-Lošinj, REA Kvarner, Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Photovoltaic Power Plant Project Storyline: Preparations have already begun for the installation of a ground photovoltaic power plant (up to 1 MW) combined with battery storage. Power plant will ensure security of energy supply and reduce losses in the grid. The Environmental Impact Assessment has been carried and the preliminary design as well. Financing: Public – project documentation is financed by the Primorje Gorski Kotar County and REA Kvarner. Actors Involved: Primorje Gorski Kotar County and REA Kvarner
PROJECT 3
Project Title: Educational Walking and Cycling Paths Project Storyline: The proposed project on the Unije includes the construction of an educational walking paths leading to RES demonstration plants most probably for different types of vertical and horizontal axes small wind turbines, smaller photovoltaic plants with and without tracker systems. Paths will also be a part of special routes for bicycles and electric bicycles. Financing: Public - City of Mali Lošinj Actors Involved: Public - City of Mali Lošinj, Rea Kvarner
1.2 Lastovo
ISLAND PROFILE
The island of Lastovo is located in the Dubrovnik Neretva County and is one of the inhabited islands that is furthest from the mainland. The Municipality of Lastovo consists of 5 settlements: Pasadur, Lastovo, Skrivena Luka, Uble and Zaklopatica. 792 people live on the island, mainly in the settlements of Lastovo and Uble. The Municipality has an area of 52.84 km2 and includes 46 islands from which the biggest is the island of Lastovo. The island possesses all the basic characteristic of the Mediterranean climate; mild, humid winters and warm, long and dry summers. Lastovo is famous for its wine and the sea surrounding the island is the richest fishing area in the Adriatic. The whole island with its archipelago has become a natural park in 2006. It is connected with the island of Korcula and mainland by hydroplane and ferry.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr. sc. Goran Krajacic
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, (UNIZAG FSB) is a leading higher educational and research institution in the region. The research group at the UNIZAG FSB is leading research on sustainable development of power supply, covering the topics like: Renewable energy sources, energy management and energy efficiency, energy policies and energy planning, sustainability, among others. UNIZAG FSB cooperates with local partners like the Regional Development Agency of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County DUNEA LLC. Its basic role is to achieve sustainable development of the County in cooperation with many international, national, regional and local organizations in various projects, especially in the area of energy, entrepreneurship and innovations. Municipality of Lastovo is the local partner on the island that is responsible for the development and activities on the Island.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Lastovo has developed a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) through the IEE-funded Meshartility project with the help of DUNEA, UNIZAG FSB and Municipality of Lastovo. In the framework of the project, an agreement was signed with ELEKTROJUG HEP ODS, local utility company, to gather and analyze energy data. To achieve the goals set by their SEAPs the island has become one of the target areas of the IEE BEAST project on how to transform into a smart, green and sustainable territory. Because of its unique position Lastovo has been the topic of several scientific papers which analysed the possibility of developing the island as an isolated smart energy system.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Bike and electric bike sharing system Project Storyline: On the island of Lastovo they started with the implementation of bike sharing system. There are currently set up two station for bike rental which are completely autonomous since they are fuelled by the photovoltaics. In the further steps they will include electric bikes in the system and expand the stations network across the whole island. Financing: The financing was undertaken by the Municipality of Lastovo with the co-financing from the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund which provided 80% of the funds. This measure is one of the measures for sustainable mobility developed in the SEAP of the municipality.
Actors Involved: Actors involved in the process are the Municipality of the Lastovo as the main investor in the project and the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund which co-financed the part of the investment.
1.3 Mljet
ISLAND PROFILE
The island of Mljet is the 8th biggest island in Croatia. It is located in the Dubrovnik Neretva County which is the southeast county in Croatia. Administratively, the island is governed by the municipality of Mljet and on the northern part is the National Park Mljet. The island has 20 settlements with 1,088 inhabitants in total. Babino Polje is the administrative centre and Sobra is the biggest port, connecting the island to the mainland. The area of the island is 98 km2 and it is mostly covered by forests, especially in the north part. For this reason, the island is known as a “Green Island”. The main economic activities include tourism and agriculture, mainly farming, fishing and growing vineyards, olive trees and herbs.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr. sc. Goran Krajacic
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
All actors that are participating in the development of the Island of Mljet are devoted to develop island in a sustainable and smart way. This can be seen from the Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) that was developed through IEE Meshartility project with help from DUNEA, UNIZAG FSB, Municipality of Mljet and NP Mljet. During the project they have also signed the agreement with ELEKTROJUG HEP ODS, local utility company, to gather and analyse energy data. To achieve the goals set by their SEAPs the island has become one of the target areas of the IEE BEAST project on how to transform into a smart, green and sustainable territory. As a part of the NP Mljet strategy the Island should become the first 100% Green Island, meaning that smart and green solutions will be implemented in all sector of the island to reduce the energy consumption and eliminate the CO2 emissions.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Bike and electric bike sharing system Project Storyline: The National Park Mljet and the Municipality of Mljet started with the electrification of the road and maritime transport in the area of the National Park and on the whole island. In the first phase they constructed two semi-fast charging stations and acquired electric and PHE vehicles. These activities will be continued with the expansion of the charging infrastructure and acquisition of new E-vehicles and electric vessels.
Financing: The financing is available from the NP Mljet, the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of Croatia and the Ministry of Nature and Environmental Protection of Croatia. Looking also for EEA grants and EU funds. Actors Involved: In the development phase the main partners were NP Mljet, the Municipality of Mljet and the University of Zagreb and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture. In the Implementation phase the partners financing the project are the NP Mljet, the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of Croatia and the Ministry of Nature and Environmental Protection of Croatia.
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Installation of autonomous ecological blocks Project Storyline: The National Park of Mljet started with the implementation of autonomous touristic ecological blocks. These blocks are equipped with solar panels, small wind turbine and battery pack so that they are completely autonomous from the grid and can be located on any location on the island to be easily accessible by tourists. Modular construction allows for the blocks to be multi-functional. Financing: In the Implementation phase the partners who are financing the project are the NP Mljet, Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of Republic of Croatia and Ministry of nature and environmental protection of Republic of Croatia. There are possibilities to use EEA and EU grants. Actors Involved: Main partners include NP Mljet, Municipality of Mljet, DUNE, Dubrovnik Neretva County and University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture.
PROJECT 3
Project Title: Centre for protection of nature – Kulijer Project Storyline: An integrated development project "Centre for the protection of nature - Kulijer" combines the efforts of improving the system of protected areas through the establishment of a National Reference Centre for the protection of nature and the creation of attractive visitor infrastructure. The project includes the activation of old military complex in modern research and a visitors’ centre for the natural and cultural underwater heritage of the island of Mljet. Financing: The financing is available from the NP Mljet, the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of Croatia and the Ministry of Nature and Environmental Protection of Croatia. Actors Involved: In the development phase the main partners were NP Mljet, the Municipality of Mljet and the University of Zagreb and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture. In the Implementation phase the partners financing the project are the NP Mljet, the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund of Croatia and the Ministry of Nature and Environmental Protection of Croatia.
1.4 Krk
ISLAND PROFILE
Krk is located near Rijeka in the Bay of Kvarner and part of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. Krk is one of the largest Adriatic island, with an area of 405.78 km2 and it is the most populated Adriatic island, with
numerous towns and villages. The total number of inhabitants reaches 19,383 (2011). Krk is located rather near the mainland and has been connected to it via a 1,430 m two-arch concrete bridge since 1980. Due to the proximity to the city of Rijeka, Omišalj also hosts the Rijeka International Airport as well as an oil terminal representing a part of the Port of Rijeka and a petrochemical plant. Krk is a popular tourist destination, because of the location and proximity to Slovenia, southern Germany, Austria, and northern Italy as well as other Central European countries.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr. sc. Goran Krajacic
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
REA KVARNER
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Local public authorities from the Island of Krk have recently unanimously adopted the new “Zero Emission Development Strategy”, pushing for the integrated and sustainable development of the island. This document goes far beyond the context of energy and energy efficiency, discussing not only environmental aspects, but also the long term socio-economic development of the island. The strategy defines a set of concrete measures that should result in significant energy savings through the implementation of a set of cost-effective technology investments to increase energy efficiency and the share of renewable energy sources (wind, sun and biogas) and which can be implemented through better governance (e.g. raising public awareness). The aim is to transform the Island Krk into a zero-emission island, to become the first fully energy independent island in the Mediterranean and thus set an example for other island communities. The strategy, over the next twenty years, foresees about 36.8 MWp of new photovoltaic installations on the roofs, 4 MWp of photovoltaic installations on the ground, 25.2 MW of wind power and 250 kWel in biogas plants.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Anaerobic digestion plant for biogenic waste Project Storyline: In connection with one of the measures detailed in the strategy, a feasibility study on the installation of anaerobic digestion plant for biogenic waste was prepared. All the important parameters for the construction and operation of biogas cogeneration plant powered by biogenic waste on the Island of Krk have been analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed survey was conducted to determine the quantity of available raw materials and all the relevant biogenic waste producers on the Island have been contacted. The identified available row materials were further analyzed in terms of biogas yield, pH values during the fermentation process, as well as the amount of methane in the produced biogas. Financing: The facility’s financing is planned through public private partnerships and an energy cooperative. Actors Involved: The energy cooperative “Island of Krk”, Ponikve Eko Otok Krk D.O.O. (municipal company), REA Kvarner, PGC and island municipalities, LAG (Local action group) “Kvarner islands”
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Smart Island Project Storyline: SMART ISLAND (construction of DTK- broadband optical network to every single house on the Island of Krk, project control and management of public lighting, GIS system, 8000 new LED public lights, webcams, info panels, reading meters, management of car parks, chargers for electric vehicles, electric vehicles, scooters and bicycles, certification and implementation of norm ISO 50001:2011) Financing: Joint financing by all actors involved namely the energy cooperative “Island of Krk”, Ponikve Eko Otok Krk D.O.O. (municipal company), REA Kvarner, PGC and island municipalities , LAG (Local action group) “Kvarner islands”, the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency of the Republic of Croatia Actors Involved: The energy cooperative “Island of Krk”, Ponikve Eko Otok Krk D.O.O. (municipal company), REA Kvarner, PGC and island municipalities , LAG (Local action group) “Kvarner islands”, the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency of the Republic of Croatia
PROJECT 3
Project Title: Energy Academy and Information Centre Project Storyline: The Centre will provide information on renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, buildings, efficient transport, water saving and waste separation, charging stations and electric vehicles, bicycles etc. All activities are related to the idea of energy-independent island of Krk, island with "0" CO2 emissions. It would be a learning Centre for the wider area of the island and even mainland. It will cover over 350 m2 of indoor and outdoor space. The building itself will have the characteristics of a passive building. Financing: Joint financing by all actors involved namely the energy cooperative “Island of Krk”, Ponikve Eko Otok Krk D.O.O. (municipal company), REA Kvarner, PGC and island municipalities , LAG (Local action group) “Kvarner islands”, the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency of the Republic of Croatia Actors Involved: The energy cooperative “Island of Krk”, Ponikve Eko Otok Krk D.O.O. (municipal company), REA Kvarner, PGC and island municipalities , LAG (Local action group) “Kvarner islands”, the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency of the Republic of Croatia
1.5 Korcula
ISLAND PROFILE
The island of Korcula belongs to the central Dalmatian archipelago, separated from the Peljesac peninsula by a narrow Strait of Peljesac. With an area of 279 square kilometres it is the sixth largest Adriatic island. The island population reaches 15 500, located mainly in the town of Korcula and municipalities Vela Luka and Blato, which are the main island settlements. The climate is Mediterranean; an average air temperature in January is 9.8 °C and in July 26.9 °C; the average annual rainfall is 1 100 mm. The island is largely covered with Mediterranean flora including extensive pine forests. The state road D-118 runs along the whole island from City of Korcula on one side to Vela Luka on the other end. The most important economic branches on the island are tourism, shipbuilding and agriculture.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr. sc. Goran Krajacic
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
All actors participating in the development of the Island of Korcula are devoted to develop the island in a sustainable and smart way. This can be seen from the Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs) that municipalities on the island developed through IEE Meshartility project with help from DUNEA, UNIZAG FSB, KORA, Novi Otok, etc. To better understand their energy needs and consumption they signed the agreement with ELEKTROJUG HEP ODS, local utility company, to gather and analyse energy data. To achieve the goals set by the SEAPs the island has become one of the target areas of the IEE BEAST project on how to transform into a smart, green and sustainable territory together with the islands of Korcula, Mljet, Lastovo, Peljesac Peninsula and Dubrovnik West Coast.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Energy renovation of households stepping stone of smart energy system Project Storyline: Some of visions taken from SEAPs developed by island municipalities include “Energy system based on solar energy in Vela Luka”, “Energy self-sustained Municipality Smokvica”, “Green working places for Municipality Blato“ and “Korčula - Smart Energy City”. Through the implementation of recommended actions and measures in their SEAPS, municipalities on the Island of Korcula plan to reduce CO2 emission by 22.02% till 2020. Joint actions are also planned so that all municipalities on the island can cooperate together in a smart way to maximize their limited financial and human capacities. Financing: In 2015 energy efficiency and renewable energy measures were implemented in the households on the island of Korcula. The renovation of buildings was financed mostly with private funds, but the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund and Dubrovnik Neretva County co-financed the projects with average funds that were around 50% of the investment. Total funds invested in the renovation were around 70 000 EUR. This process will continue with the deployment of a smart management system following renovation to optimize the benefits achieved through the energy efficiency and renewable energy measures. Actors Involved: Actors involved in the project were private investors and owners of the households, which with the help from the Municipality of Vela Luka and association “Novi Otok” prepared the documentation for the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund and Dubrovnik Neretva County which co-financed the projects.
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Small PV plants Project Storyline: There are several households on the island of Korcula far from the existing electric grid and further grid expansion would require significant investment. Small PV systems with battery pack and smart management systems will be installed. Already one household has served as demonstration site where basic household needs for electricity have been covered by solar energy. Other households will also become part of the project, while with the new Law on Renewable Energy households connected to the grid will start to implement similar solutions. Financing: Investment was privately mainly private, with part of it covered by the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund.
Actors Involved: Actors involved in the project were private investor and owners of the households, which with the help from the Municipality of Vela Luka and association “Novi Otok” prepared documentation for the Croatian Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund which co-financed the projects. This financing scheme where Fund subsidies part of the investment is scheme established on the national level which supports the investment in the renewable energy sources.
2 CYPRUS
ISLAND PROFILE
Cyprus is the eastern most island in the Mediterranean Sea and the third largest in the Mediterranean. It is only 40 miles (60 km) south of Turkey and 60 miles (100 km) west of Syria and Lebanon. The capital and largest city is Nicosia and it is the only remaining divided capital in the world. The population of Cyprus is 856,000 inhabitants (2014). The economy has shifted over the past 20 years from agriculture to light manufacturing and services, with tourism, financial services, and real estate being the most important sectors of the Cypriote economy. Although traditionally strong, primary sectors such as agriculture and manufacturing – contributing approximately 1.9% and 5% respectively to GDP – have faced challenges which have led both to follow a similar strategy of creating value-added products targeting niche markets willing to pay a premium on quality. Energy will be a significant new source of growth on the islands, following the discovery of natural gas reserves in Cyprus’ EEZ. The island has ambitious plans to become a regional energy hub in the Eastern Mediterranean and the successful extraction of natural gas from its waters could allow the island to export to European and East-Asian markets.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Anthi Charalambous is a Chemical Engineer with an MSc in Environmental Engineering, a MA in Business Administration (MBA) and P.Dipl. in Renewable Energy and Energy Management. Shae has worked abroad in the environmental, wastewater management and treatment and industrial pollution control sectors. Since 2001 she works in the field of Renewable Energy Policy and Energy Efficiency in Cyprus and Brussels, including positions in the Permanent Representation of Cyprus in the EU, the Directorate General for Energy at the European Commission etc. In November 2008 she moved to Cyprus and undertook the set- up and operation of the Cyprus Energy Agency. Anthi is an active member of many policy making Committees and European networks. She could successfully submit proposals for funding in EU financial programmes and she could bring in the Cyprus economy within 5 years more than 2,8 mil Euros.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Cyprus Energy Agency (CEA) is an independent, non-governmental, non-profit organization, founded in 2009 for carrying out activities related to the promotion of renewable energy, energy saving and sustainable transport and urban mobility established by the European Commission under the program "Intelligent Energy for Europe" and the Union of Cyprus Communities, for three years. CEA is the official agency for the promotion of the "Covenant of Mayors" and the "Pact of Islands" in Cyprus and under this capacity has carried out and monitored the implementation of 22 Sustainable Energy Action Plans for Local Authorities, highlighting the role of local government to new technological challenges and
environmental issues. To this end, CEA organizes numerous conferences, training seminars, meetings and workshops, which strengthen the links of cooperation between CEA and local actors. Particular emphasis was given on training of pupils and students.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Increasing local capacity for development, financing and implementing EE and RES projects. Joint development of new local bankable energy projects. Local support for follow up and evaluation of progress towards the 2020 targets (SEAPs implementation and monitoring). Good relations with local stakeholders for continuous reinforcement of technical capacity. Continuous evolvement of innovative partnerships.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Upgrade of the Street Lighting in 20 local authorities in Cyprus Project Storyline: The total number of existing lighting that will be replaced with new lighting technology Light Emitting Diode (LED) are 55.940. Participating authorities in the project have already signed either the “Covenant of Mayors” or the “Pact of Islands” or both and have developed their SEAPs in collaboration with CEA. Upgrading the street lighting in order to save both energy and carbon emissions, but also to reduce their energy costs is one of the top priorities in the authorities’ agenda towards their 2020 targets. The proposed project will contribute also to achieving the national indicative 14,3% primary energy saving target by 2020 and 10% of the national energy savings end-use target by 2016. Financing: The project will be implemented through Energy Performance Contracts (EPC), by an Energy Services Company (ESCO), that will be awarded the contract through the public procurement procedure. Actors Involved: ESCOs
3 DENMARK
3.1 Samsoe
ISLAND PROFILE
Samso is an island in the Central Denmark Region (Denmark) with almost 5000 permanent inhabitants and many tourists during the summer. Main economic sectors: agriculture and tourism. Energy is a third political focus area. Samso is a signatory of Covenant of Mayors and Pact of Islands.
Back in 1997 Samsoe islanders decided to become a 100% renewable energy and won a Danish competition to become a designated renewable energy island. After winning the competition, the promoters of the renewable energy island made a conference for the islanders in the form of a “cafe seminar”, called ”Cafe Good Energy” (with a process similar to ”open space” seminars). Here participants were invited to discuss the future of the island, including the plans for transition to renewable energy. Then followed a period of ten years with investments in a number of renewable energy plants and increased energy efficiency, until the islanders could declare that they had higher renewable energy production than energy consumption on the island. Still fossil fuel is used in the islands cars, tractors, etc.,
but the wind-power production that is exported from the island to the mainland has a larger energy content than the energy in the fossil fuel that is imported to the island.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Soren Hermansen is the CEO of Samso Energy Academy Native islander from Samso and with a background as a farmer and an activist, one of the founders of the Energy Island project. Soren is an adjunct professor of Aalborg University and has a status as a key note speaker at conferences all over the world. The main perspective is to help local communities to be resilient and sustainable - not only in energy but also in cultural and social aspects. Soren Hermansen is also the co-author of the book 'Commonities = Commons + Communities' (2013).
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Samsø Energy Academy is located close to the picturesque harbour village and tourist magnet Ballen. Samsø has amassed a great deal of concrete experiences with the implementation of a broad variety of local renewable energy project, from wind turbines to CO2 neutral district heating plants, rapeseed oil tractors and solar energy panels. This experience can be drawn upon through the Academy and research workers and scientists from at home and abroad spend time at the Academy doing research based on the easy access to all these different energy systems, where windmills, straw-based districting heating and thermal solar panels systems and the people who initiated them are close at hand. The Academy also functions as a conference centre where companies, scientists and politicians can discuss renewable energy, energy savings and new technologies. Samsø Energy and Environment Office, Samsø Energy Agency and the Samsø branch office of the Danish Energy Service reside within the Energy Academy. From this common domicile, they run a broad spectrum of energy counselling services for commercial and private customers, organize guided energy tours, workshops and seminars and generally promote ‘energy tourism’ for energy professionals.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
A new vision was formed for a fossil fuel free island called “Samsoe 2.0”, where the inhabitants are invited to take part in the development of the island, including the transition to a fossil fuel free island. The strategy had 7 components:
1. Fossil fuels are not used on Samsoe. 2. The decentralized and flexible energy system for renewable energy production is maintained and further developed – land and offshore wind turbines will be replaced stepwise with new and more efficient turbines. 3. Fuel for transport on Samsoe and to/from the island will be based on renewable energy. 50% of the local fleet of cars in 2020 will be electric cars – and that in the same year 40-50% of the local commercial transport i.e. transport carried out by entrepreneurs, the agricultural sector, taxies, etc. have switched to bio-fuels or alike. 4. Heating savings: by 2020 the energy consumption for heating of our homes will be reduced by 30%. For industry, the energy consumption for heating will be reduced by 5% in 2020. 5. Substantial savings on the electricity consumption: the electricity use for heating in homes will not rise throughout the period until 2030 compared to consumption in 2009.
6. Seize opportunities as they arise, spot the opportunities to coordinate ideas and thoughts – and listen to the opportunities – to jointly ensure sustainable solutions, which include several of the cultural and natural resources of Samsoe. 7. Strengthen and establish partnerships to come up and finance innovative action plans, prioritizing solutions for neighbors and local communities are prioritized.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Fossil free island Project Storyline: The project consists of many technologies. Biogas, smart energy systems. Upgraded wind power feeding heat pumps. Storage heat and electricity. Energy savings. Smart energy systems. Mobility - e-vehicles, ferry etc. The project is acknowledged by the local and the national government. Financing: The financing happens from project to project. - between 70 to 80% is private /public financing - only 20% is funding or direct subsidy. Actors Involved: The fossil free Samsoe project is mainly a citizens’ project. The local municipality drives the main projects and the Academy is pushing the citizens to greater activity and ownership.
3.2 Aeroe
ISLAND PROFILE
The island of Aeroe is situated in the south of Denmark. The area is 88 km2 and it has a population of 6.300. The island used to be farming and fishing community, but today industry and tourism has taken over as the main activities. The island has 2 major cities, Ærøskøbing and Marstal.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Jess Heinemann works as a civil engineer at the municipality of Aeroe. Part of his job is working as a coordinator for renewable energy and as a secretary for the comity for sustainable energy. He has been part of the change to renewable energy on the island of Aeroe from the early 70s. Professionally, before his current job, he has been a project engineer on thermal solar plants in Europe and south East Asia.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The municipality of Aeroe covers the whole of the island and employees 700 people in many different areas and has a political leadership of 15. At the town hall works 45 people. The municipality has always had an interest in renewable energy both on the political and administrative level.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The municipality of Aeroe participated in a contest, in the mid-1990, to become a 100% renewable island, but lost to the island Samsoe. We thought the idea was so good, so we set-up the “Renewable organization of Aeroe”. This organization has worked as a generator for ideas relating to renewable energy. Planning for removing the old wind turbines and build 6 new ones, that today covers 120% of the electrical consumption. All 3 of our district heating plants are 100% renewable. The renewable organization of
Aeroe has been replaced by “The comity for sustainable energy”, which have started a project for a new electrical ferry. This project has gone into the building period. We are also looking into electrical buses.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: E-Ferry Project Storyline: Ferries are a lifeline for many communities in Europe, as a major petroleum consumer, waterborne transport offers enormous potential for cutting emissions while saving energy and operational cost. A prototype mid-range 100% electrical vessel developed by an EU- funded project, will be powered by wind-sourced electricity and will carry the largest battery pack (4, 3 MW) ever installed. One charging station will be built on Aeroe that can also serve electrical buses. The battery pack will be part of smart grid, which is currently under development. Financing: EU contribution €15.141.356 The municipallity of Aeroe €6.162.464 Actors Involved: The municipallety of Aeroe (Coordinator); Visedo, Finland; Lelanche, Switzerland; Danish Maritime Authority, Denmark; Jens Kristensen Aps, Conlulting Naval Architecs, Denmark; Soeboe Vaerft A/S, shipyard, Denmark; Tuco Marine Group, Denmark; Dansk Brand- og Sikrings Institut, Denmark; Hellenic Institute of Transport, Greece; European Commision
3.3 Faroe Islands
ISLAND PROFILE
The Faroe Islands are an island group consisting of 18 major islands about 655 km (407 mi) off the coast of Northern Europe, between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about halfway between Iceland and Norway. The closest neighbours are the Northern and Western Isles of Scotland. The islands cover an area of 1399 km2 (545.3 sq.mi) and is 113 km (70 mi) long and 75 km (47 mi) wide, roughly in the shape of an arrowhead. There are 1,100 km (687 mi) of coastline and no point on the islands is more than 5 km (3 mi) away from the ocean. The islands are rugged and rocky with some low peaks while the coasts are mostly cliffs. The climate of the Faroe Islands is characterized by mild winters and cool sum- mers and humid and rainy weather. The population of the Faroe Islands (2015) is 48,704. With a population density of 34.5 per km2 the islands have the second highest population density of the Nordic countries after Denmark. The Faroese economy is strongly influenced by fishing and fish processing. Fishery products, including farmed salmon, represent more than 20% of GDP and 15% of the labor force, and implicitly have strong multipliers to other sectors, such as services and housing. Hence, there is a strong correlation between the development in the fishing sector and the overall Faroese economy.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Bogi Bendtsen has been the CFO at SEV since 2011 and has a master of Science in Business Administration and Auditing from the Business School in Århus, Denmark. Earlier he has been working at KPMG in the Faroe Island as an Auditor for 1 year and at Eik Banki as the internal Auditor for 3 years. After that he became the Head of Credit and Risk and later also Deputy Director at Eik Banki in the Faroe Island where he working up until 2011.
Finn Jakobsen, CTO.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Elfelagið SEV was founded in 1946 by most of the municipalities on the islands Streymoy, Eysturoy and Vágoy (the company name derives from the initial letter of these islands). SEV is a cooperative, incorporated in the Faroe Islands, which is an integrated part of the Kingdom of Denmark (Aaa/AAA stable outlook). SEV is wholly owned by the 33 municipalities of the Faroe Islands, and its registered office is in Tórshavn, the capital of the Faroe Islands. Today, SEV has approximately 160 employees, divided with c. 42% in production, 20% in engineering, 20% in distribution and 18% in administration. Due to the lack of interconnectivity to other power mar-kets and grids, the activities of SEV are entirely domestic. SEV is a vertically integrated power company, which controls and operates the entire power supply system – from the engines and water turbines at the plants, lines, cables, transformers, and all the way to the end customers. Hence, the company owns and operates the Faroese electricity grid, holds the monopoly rights to grid related activities and generates approx. 97% of the electricity used in the Faroe Islands. The remaining 3% is produced by three wind turbines owned by the private company. The Faroese power supply system is isolated due to lack of interconnectivity with the rest of the world, which means that if demand exceeds supply there is no second way out and there must always be some kind of oversupply in the system.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
SEV received the Nordic Council Nature and Environment Prize for 2015, aiming at a 100% green energy future for the Faroes by 2030. Wind, water, solar and tidal energy will the Faroes reach this goal, along with innovative technical solutions. SEV is now in the process of introducing a more advanced management system so that electricity production management can be fully automatic. Further, SEV installed the very first electric vehicle “quick charger” in the Faroes in Klaksvík in December 2015 and quick chargers will be installed at selected locations throughout the country. The Power Hub system, which is designed to eliminate the risk of power outages has been functioning satisfactorily since it was implemented on a trial basis in the autumn of 2014. Moreover, the deployment of the automatic wireless meter system has progressed well starting in 2006 and ending in 2015. The slow implementation allowed SEV to closely monitor the technical progress and innovation in the sector. In addition to reducing the work-load at SEV, the wireless meters are a boon to customers. Customers will neither pay too much nor too little over the course of the year. Thus, they will avoid receiving an extra bill or waiting to have their money refunded once their final usage for the year is calculated. Large consumers of electricity will also be able to ascertain rather quickly what their electricity is used for and to set into motion energy saving initiatives where possible.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Green Vision 2030 Project Storyline: Renewable energy, climate change and the advancement and technical evolution of society as a whole are not simple issues that are easily addressed and managed. At the same time, the goal of a 100% green Faroes by 2030 is a very credible and reasonable goal for the entire country to embrace. The goal can be achieved, but only through the thoughtful and continuous deployment of technological innovation,” observes Terji Nielsen, SEV’s Head of Development.
Financing: USPP (US Private Placement) and financing from banks Actors Involved: The Government, SEV and the customers in the Faroe Island
3.4 Bornholm
ISLAND PROFILE
Bornholm is a small rural Island (588 km²) in the middle of the Baltic Sea with approximately 40.000 inhabitants. Bornholm is a full scale community, with hospital, court house, schools, industry, ferries and airport facilities. The main activities of Bornholm are a mixture of tourism, industry and agriculture.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Jesper Preuss Justesen is a Coordinator of Business Regulation for the Center of Technical and Environmental Services within the Municipality of Bornholm. He is a member of the Technical Group under “Energy Innovation Bornholm”, which has contributed to the preparation of the island's strategic energy plan for 2015. Jesper is also responsible for the district heating plan, environmental supervision and environmental permits.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Municipality of Bornholm is an organization with 4.500 employees. The Municipality is divided in a political and administrative unit. The political unit is the local council, committees, etc. The administrative unit consists of people who are employed in the Municipality of Bornholm. The Municipality is organized in 10 centers. The Center of Technical and Environmental Services consists of 3 teams, a team for citizen inquiries, a team for business inquiries and a team for plans and projects.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
In 2007, the Bornholm community came together to develop to develop the island’s strategy, called ‘Bright Green Island’. In 2008, the Municipality of Bornholm decided on a vision that Bornholm should become a carbon neutral community by 2025. In 2015, the utility companies and the municipality of Bornholm revised the strategic energy plan demonstrating how Bornholm will fulfil the vision. The strategic energy plan is based on a unique, locally developed simulation model containing data from a complete mapping of the energy consumption and production for heat, electricity and land based transport. To earn more, please visit www.kortlink.dk/hq9s and www.brightgreenisland.com.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: The Strategic Energy Plan Project Storyline: Bornholm is a CO2-neutral community based on sustainable and renewable energy by 2025. The simulation tool handles the entire energy system and can very accurately calculate a wide range of consequences of a given strategic decision in the electrical, heating and transport industries. www.kortlink.dk/hq9s Financing: EIB budget (Project Manager Anna Sofie Poulsen)
Actors Involved: Partnership between the association Energy Innovation Bornholm f.m.b.a, Bornholms forsyning, Rønne Vand og Varme and Østkraft along with the municipal traffic company, BAT, The Center of Technical and Environmental Services and the Growth Forum Secretariat in the Municipality of Bornholm, as well as the private company Logics Aps.
PROJECT 2
Project Title: EcoGrid 2.0 Project Storyline: ‘EcoGrid 2.0’ is the extension of EcoGrid EU which was completed in September 2015. Through this project Bornholm will be able to widen the range of products offered to the customers and work on increasing the system reliability to create a setup, where flexible consumption will play a vital role in its future energy system. Learn more www.eu-ecogrid.net. Financing: 48.6 million DKK from the Danish Energy Technological Development and Demonstration Program. Actors Involved: Partnership between the association Energy Innovation Bornholm f.m.b.a, Bornholms forsyning, Rønne Vand og Varme and Østkraft along with the municipal traffic company, BAT, The Center of Technical and Environmental Services and the Growth Forum Secretariat in the Municipality of Bornholm, as well as the private company Logics Aps
4 FINLAND
4.1 Aland
ISLAND PROFILE
The Aland Islands is an autonomous part of Finland with its own regional government. Aland represents the 6 municipalities comprising the archipelago, without any road connection to the main island. The population of the whole Aland Islands is about 28.000. The number of inhabitants in the archipelago municipalities range from 101 to about 600, a total of approximately 2000 people for all the 6 archipelago municipalities combined.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Mr Kristian Packalen, M(Sc.) Ba, Archipelago Developer. Working with all aspects and issues regarding development of the 6 real archipelago municipalities of the Aland Islands, focusing on development of trade and industry overall and working to get people to move to the islands.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Foretagsam Skargard / Enterprising Archipelago is an NGO formed by the 6 archipelago municipalities. Its purpose is to provide advice and information on the establishment and development of companies in the member municipalities. The association also assists municipalities in their efforts and projects for diversified business activities as well as in projects that create the enabling conditions for local business growth in the archipelago. Enterprising Archipelago also aims to be a natural liaison between the authorities, other stakeholders and organizations on issues related to the archipelago and its business.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The Aland Islands are currently working on the development of a sustainability strategy, following UN guidelines on the sustainable development goals. These focus not only on environmental issues, but also social and economic issues are crucial for a society to become sustainable.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: SmartPorts Project Storyline: The project SmartPort aims at improving and integrating the network of small ports via modern information and communication technology. The project increases the service quality of small ports in the Central Baltic region and helps to create better awareness about the marina network in order to double the number of visitors by the sea. In practice the project implements systems that facilitate cross border information exchange, as well as creates new port services by investing into modern marina technology. As a result of the project a cross-border interactive information system for small harbors is jointly developed and piloted. More precisely, the level of services is improved in 25 marinas in four countries. The number of foreign visitors is expected to double by 2020. The visitors are also expected to stay longer in the improved ports. Notable parts of the result are the improved safe navigation and docking services in the small ports as well as improved environmental protection and pollution prevention services. Financing: Total Project Budget (€) 1 455 658 ERDF (€) 1 225 260 Actors Involved: Estonian Small Harbour Development Center, Pärnu, Estonia; Kurzeme Planning Region, Saldus, Latvia; Riga Planning Region, Riga, Latvia; Lielupe port authority, Jurmala, Latvia; Mersrags Port Authority, Mērsrags, Latvia; Skulte port authority, Zvejniekciems, Saulkrastu nov, Latvia; Salacgriva Port Authority, Salacgriva, Latvia; Pavilosta Port, Pavilosta, Latvia; Port of Kärdla, Hiiumaa, Estonia; Toila Harbor, Toila, Estonia; Kaberneeme Marina Ltd, Kaberneeme, Jõelähtme vald, Estonia; Sottunga municipality, Sottunga, Åland; Archipelago Foundation in Stockholm County, Stockholm, Sweden; Kalev Yacht Club, Tallinn, Estonia; Liimala Port Development (Port of Purtse), Lüganuse county, Estonia; Lõunaranna Investeeringud Ltd, Estonia; Kõiguste Marina MTÜ, Laimjala vald, Estonia
5 FRANCE
5.1 Corsica, Guadeloupe, Reunion
ISLAND PROFILE
PERSONAL PROFILE
Graduated from the Ecole Nationale Supérieure of Lyon where she earned a Doctorate in solid-state physics, Dr Céline Auger has then pursued her studies at Stanford University. When she came back to France in 2000, she worked at the cluster Arcsis for 7 years as Managing Director for semi-conductors, before joining the cluster Capenergies in order to pilot the Smartgrid project PREMIO. She is now running 3 Europeans projects EMILIE (MED), MARE (FP7) and TOWERPOWER (Research for SME).
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The cluster aims to foster innovation, accelerate members’ growth and create value in its territories. CAPENERGIES therefore supports the market launch of new products and services, encourages business networking and assists members on their way to securing a premium position in the energy sector. Currently a benchmark player in innovative renewable and carbon-free energy solutions, CAPENERGIES focuses on three strategic market-oriented areas: Improving energy efficiency Securing energy supply and self-sufficiency of isolated sites and areas Increasing the portion of carbon-free energies in the energy mix CAPENERGIES has more than 550 members specifically in the energy industry and works with industrial, research and higher education partnerships in Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur, Corsica, the Reunion and Guadeloupe Islands.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Project Storyline: Financing: Actors Involved:
6 GERMANY
6.1 Helgoland
ISLAND PROFILE
Helgoland are the only two German islands not in the immediate vicinity of the mainland. They lie in the North Sea approximately 69 kilometers north from the mainland at the mouth of the River Elbe. Helgoland is a holiday resort and enjoys a tax-exempt status, as it is part of the EU but excluded from the EU VAT area and customs union. On 1,7 square kilometers are living 1.356 citizens. Over 300.000 tourists are visiting the islands every year. Tourism, Marine Research and Observatory and Harbor Services are the main sources of income.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Jörg Singer was born 1966 in Konstanz, spent his childhood on Helgoland. He graduated with a Master in Engineering and Economics in 1995 he gained early experience during a production ramp up of a Windblade factory in Arizona. Back in Germany he worked for Hightech companies, like Lufthansa Systems. In 2003 he started his first business, consulting companies to become more competitive and service driven. Becoming Mayor in 2011 he started the project and experiment, to lead the island into the next generation in terms of demography, economy, energy and sustainability.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Municipality of Helgoland (http://www.helgoland.de/en/welcome.html)
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
“Energiewende”, Germany’s energy transition project, started in Helgoland already in the 1960s, when the island became one of the first e-Mobility Island. Later in the early 1990ies, one of the first wind-turbine was installed. In 2009 the island was connected to the mainland grid, offering a 100% green power supply. Since 2012 more than 95% of street lighting is based on LED technologies. The Municipality in 2011 set the goal to become a zero emission Island by 2020. A major step forward was a 100% LNG powered island ferry MS “Helgoland” in 2015. At the same time Helgoland became a service island for the Offshore-Wind- Industry. In 2016 the local utility company “VBH” has introduced the “Gridpower-2-Heat” project. The goal will be a 50 percent reduction of the island CO2 Emissions.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Zero Emission Island Program 2020 Project Storyline: The Program consists of sub-projects: o E-Mobility - Green (local) Shipping o Public LED based Illumination o Service platform for Offshore-Wind-Industry o Power & Heat supply production and distribution o Organizational & legal supply for the island utility company to deploy renewable energies in a reliable and cost-effective way. Financing: Multiple sources of funding, public/private financing and pricing. Actors Involved: The driver of these projects is the Municipality of Helgoland. Projects are executed based on contracts or private public ventures.
6.2 Juist
ISLAND PROFILE
Juist is a little Island in Germany in the North Sea, Part of the Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park and the UNESCO Wadden Sea World Natural Heritage covering an area of 16,43 m2. The Island is car-free. All transportations are done by horses, even for waste collection. The island can be reached only at high tide. The only economic activity is tourism. The Power supply is done by a submarine cable from the mainland. The same applies to the supply of natural gas. The island is water self-sufficient through a freshwater lens. The population reaches 1.710 inhabitants.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Thomas Vodde is 55 years old, married with two children and has been living on Juist for 22 years. He is responsible for Marketing, acting as Event Deputy Mayor for the past 6 years. In July 2015 he became Sustainability Officer and responsible for the project " ClimateIslandJuist" with the goal of turning Juist in a climate neutral territory by 2030.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Municipality of Juist has 76 staff and applies a number of sustainability criteria in its everyday operations. It is partner of the national park administration and a member of the LEADER Wadden Sea with the other East Frisian islands. The Municipality of Juist has established collaboration with the Canary Island of La Gomera on exchange of best practices for sustainable tourism. Juist is the future city of the Federal Ministry of Research and in November 2015 won the German sustainability award in the category of little towns.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
ClimateIsland Juist constitutes Juist’s pathway to carbon neutrality by 2030. The strategy includes a number of project in the fields of citizen participation, resource efficiency, renewable energy, nutrition, sustainable consumption, education and marketing. The three strategies of sustainability (efficiency, consistency and sufficiency) are used. Together with the city of Norden, connected by ferry with Juist, a Climate Action Plan is developed led by a climate protection manager.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Energy Revolution Juist Project Storyline: The project applies the five pillar model developed by Jeremy Rifkin and consisting of o Renewable energy: wind energy, photovoltaics, geothermal, biomass o Building stock: municipal properties and private property o Power grid: smart grids o Storage: house batteries, heat and cold sinks o Mobility: Electromobility Financing: The cost of compiling and analyzing data for the project amounting to € 16,000. Were born by the Municipality of Juist. Through local competitions (for example, Klima kommunal, German Sustainability Award, etc.) we are able to secure more than 100,000 €. Actors Involved: The Municipality of Just collaborates with different partners for the implementation of the different projects. These include NGO Futouris and other unions for environmental conservation, the National Park Authority of Lower Saxony – Wadden Sea, the Centre for Innovation and Sustainable Tourism (CIST) the Fraunhofer Institute UMSICHT and the University of Oldenburg.
7 GREECE
7.1 Kythnos
ISLAND PROFILE
The Greek island of Kythnos is a small Aegean island laying at the north of the Cycladic complex with approximately 2000 inhabitants residing in three main settlements. The island can be reached from the ports of Pireaus and Lavrion (in the Attica peninsula - Athens area) in 3 and 1,5 hours respectively. Unlike most neighbouring islands, Kythnos receives small amounts of visitors during Easter and summer holidays. The main economic activities on the island are: agriculture, fisheries and livestock. However lately the
island has been experiencing an increase in touristic flows, which create the conditions for local economic growth, yet put a strain on local resources and infrastructures.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Ilias Efthymiopoulos has 30 years of experience on Energy and Environment through his involvement in national and international projects. He holds a PhD (Universite Paris VII) in Physics and currently offers consulting services to local authorities, mainly in island and coastal regions. He was the Founder and Director of Greenpeace office in Greece from 1991 to 1999 and vice Minister for the Environment (2000- 2002). From 1998 to 2010 he was the Scientific Director for the Ecology Summer University in Greece. Since 2009 he is the General Director of the Aegean Energy Agency. He is the author and editor of various publications on sustainable economy and EU affairs.
Kostas Komninos Dipl. Mechanical Engineer (NTUA 2006) with an MSc studies in Wind Energy (DTU 2008) has developed significant experience in the maturation and management of projects (EU-funded, e.g. ISLE- PACT, PROMISE and SMILEGOV, national and local) related to the exploitation of renewable energy sources, energy savings and local energy planning, mainly through his collaboration with the Network of Sustainable Aegean and Ionian Islands (DAFNI) and the Aegean Energy Agency. Since July 2015 he is Director of DAFNI Network and a non-executive member of the Board of Directors of the Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator S.A. (HEDNO), the Greek Distribution System Operator with a portfolio to promote innovative projects in the Greek islands where HEDNO is the sole system operator.
Alkisti Florou has 4 years of professional experience in research, policy analysis and advocacy in the fields of climate change, environmental governance and sustainable development. She holds a BA in International and European Relations (Panteion University, Athens, Greece) and an MSc in Environment and Development (London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK). She has served in different organizations, including the European Commission, UNEP, the European Climate Foundation and different NGOs. Currently she collaborates with DAFNI Network and the Aegean Energy Agency as Sustainable Development Advisor helping island authorities access funding and implement climate and energy policies at the local and regional levels, focusing on participatory planning and stakeholders’ engagement.
Kosmas Anagnostopoulos holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the Technical University of Patras with specialization in Transport Management and an MSc in Spatial Planning and Design from NTUA. He has over 15 years of experience in building infrastructure design, transport management and spatial planning as a senior expert with the most competent consulting firms in Greece. He has an extensive track record of technical studies prepared for public authorities and the private sector in different contexts, i.e. urban, coastal, insular and rural. Currently he advises members of DAFNI network on devising and implementing Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) and Sustainable Island Mobility Plans (SIMPs) so as to mature sustainable transport and mobility projects on islands.
Ifigenia Psarra earned an engineering degree with honors in Architecture and Urbanism, at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. In parallel with her studies Ifigenia gained hands-on experience by working in several architectural offices. In January 2011 she joined as PhD researcher the Urban Planning Group, of the Department of Built Environment at the Eindhoven University of Technology, the
Netherlands. Her PhD project, which she successfully completed in 2016, focused on modelling short and long-term dynamics of people’s activity-travel behavior. This allowed Ifigenia to deepen her knowledge on policy analysis, behavioral sciences and computer programming, and thus develop a thorough understanding of the planning process, that accounts for both people and space. Currently as a member of the Mobility team within the Aegean Energy Agency she is involved in the development of SUMPs and SIMPs on islands that are part of DAFNI Network.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Aegean Energy Agency (AEA) is a Non-Profit Organisation, established in 2008 to support the DAFNI network islands in energy planning and in maturing renewable energy, energy efficiency and sustainable mobility projects. AEA’s strategic objective is to increase the share of RES in islands' energy mix and promote technologies and practices that encourage the efficient and rational use of energy. To meet this objective AEA undertakes the preparation of studies (economic, technical and environmental) and encourages the establishment of new investment schemes with the active involvement of local communities. Overall the Agency acts as a catalyst of cooperation between different levels of government, i.e. local, regional and national authorities and regulatory authorities, the private sector, investors and citizens
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Kythnos has a long history of sustainable energy applications since it hosted the first wind farm in Europe back in 1982 followed by the installation and testing of a 100kW PV plant coupled with batteries, a hybrid station comprising of a 500kW Wind Turbine, battery storage and an automatic control system and finally the development of one of the first PV powered autonomous micro-grids with batteries and diesel generator back-up. For the Municipality and the citizens of Kythnos the vision is to move towards a smart and sustainable development of the island promoting the extension of the tourism period and minimising the impact of relevant activities. At the same time the integrated planning of the island’s future infrastructures will take stock of the past sustainable energy projects and incorporate smart and innovative technologies in the fields of energy, water, waste and mobility.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Kythnos Smart Island Project Storyline: The idea is to develop a master plan which will include the assessment of the current situation of the energy, waste and water infrastructures and how these relate to the island’s economic activities (tourism, primary and secondary sector activities) but also the study at a prefeasibility level of the different potential projects to support the Smart Islands concept. A key component of the Master Plan will be the development of the Smart Kythnos Centre, comprising of a Renewable Energy Sources Exhibition to demonstrate the history and future of sustainable energy in Kythnos and the rest of the Aegean; and a Smart Training Lab where international and domestic summer schools can take place yearlong with trainees from all education levels, from primary schools to master students. Financing: Looking for targeted EU funds; alternative financing models; PPPs. Actors Involved: The realisation of the Master Plan will be strongly supported by the Municipality of Kythnos, the local stakeholders and entrepreneurs and local organizations with significant track
record in shaping the island’s sustainable energy profile. The Aegean Energy Agency will be the project coordinator.
7.2 Crete
ISLAND PROFILE
Crete is the biggest island of Greece and the 5th biggest island of the Mediterranean Sea. It lies at the southern part of the Aegean Sea. The island has an elongated shape, it spans 260km from east to west, is 60km at its widest point, and narrows to as little as 12km. Crete covers an area of 8,336km2, with a coastline of 1,046km. The closest distance to the Greek mainland is 95km.Crete is the most populous island of Greece (601159 inhabitants). The territorial distribution of the population is: Urban: 42.5%, Suburban: 12.5%, Rural: 45%. Economis activities revolve around the primary (agriculture), secondary (processing- packaging) and tertiary (services) sectors, directly connected and inter-depended. Crete has an average per capita income which is close to 100% of the Greek average. Crete is one of the 13 regions of Greece. The energy needs of the island are covered by a centralized autonomous electrical system on the island and of course by the energy carriers consumed directly by the end users. The electrical system is powered mainly by fossil fuels (fuel oil, diesel). Crete is an island with great potential for a sustainable development based on renewable energy sources (RES). However, in order to secure the stability of the electrical production the potential installed capacity of stochastic RES (wind, solar) is limited. The possible future interconnection of Crete with the mainland will give a boost to the RES development on the island surpassing the technical limitations of an autonomous system. This is an on-going project of national and European importance which however is not expected to be delivered before 2020.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Dr Nikolaos Zografakis, Senior energy expert, Director of the Regional Development Fund of Crete, Regional Energy Agency of Crete. He is specialized in energy policies (national-regional-insular), project management and coordination, energy management, energy planning, climate action plans, financing procedures, European and International co-operation activities and projects- Rational Use of Energy and Energy Saving, SEAPs-ISEAP. Teaching and research experience.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Regional Development Fund of Crete (RDFC), is a public entity, established in February 1998 as one of the four pilot Regional Funds in Greece and assumed an important role in the implementation of an innovative institution, which was aimed at supporting Regions of the country and the process of decentralization. Under the RDF Crete operates the Energy Agency of Crete, founded in 1994 by the Region of Crete, and the European Commission as one of the first Energy Regional Energy Agencies in Europe and the first in Greek regional level.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The island can be transformed to a 100% green island providing clean energy even to the mainland of Greece. However, it should be noted that the development of RES units shall comply with the sustainable
development of Crete’s ecosystem as a whole. Taking into consideration the high number of visitors on the island (1.7millions in 2009) it is clear that energy saving initiatives shall be focused on the sectors related to tourism like accommodation and food service activities. The great challenge for the Region of Crete is to succeed in managing and coordinating the implementation and monitoring of the ISEAP (up to 2050) for an island of more than 600000 permanent inhabitants of many tourists and of numerous municipalities. The collaboration between citizens, stakeholders, Municipalities, the Region and the State should be strong and committed for a sustainable and smart energy and climate policy and planning - supported by new financial instruments, energy innovation, pilot projects and continuous information- in order face this challenge and will be coordinated by the Regional Energy Agency of Crete.
PROJECT 1
Several projects on sustainable energy and smart infrastructures management both on local and regional scale related to the Covenant of Mayors and Pact of Islands initiatives.
8 ITALY
8.1 Pantelleria
ISLAND PROFILE
The Island of Pantelleria counts 7.700 inhabitants. It extends 83 km2 and is located 110 km south-west of Sicily and 70 km east-north-east of Tunisia. Its territory is of volcanic origin. The highest peak reaches 836 m above sea level. The island's port and the airport allow good connection with Sicily and other Italian town. The economy is based on agriculture and in particular on the cultivation of the grapevine as the famous sweet wines (Moscato di Pantelleria, Passito di Pantelleria, Moscato Passito di Pantelleria). The UNESCO has declared the agricultural cultivation practice of Zibibbo vine sapling, typical of Pantelleria, as heritage of humanity (this is the first agricultural practice in the world to receive this prestigious award). Among other valuable crops is the production and preservation of caper of Pantelleria and the dried grape. Tourism is a growing activity, and it represents an important part of island income, yet it has a toll on local resources and infrastructures, including excessive energy, water and land use.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Today Director of “The Green Consulting Group and Greening the Islands Conferences”, Head of International Affairs of Italia Solare and Co-Chairman of the Global Solar PV Council Gianni Chianetta has worked for Parke-Davis, Capsugel, Wilkinson Sword, Warner Lambert, Tetra. Since 2002, he has been working in the energy sector, first as External Affairs Director for BP Italy then as MD for BP Solar Italy. President of Assosolare (Italian Solar Industry Association) for three consecutive terms. He has also chaired the Committee for Solar Energy of the Italian Ministry of the Environment. Education: Degree in Management Engineering, several master courses at Middlesex University (London), Kellogg School of Management (Chicago); SDA Bocconi Milano (Milan); Istituto de Empresa (Madrid).
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Green Consulting Group is a company representing a team of professionals and companies with long experience in the green economy. The Company aims at supporting the implementation of investments in the segments of the green economy, and promoting the diffusion of technology innovation and best practices that can be replicated in islands around the world, in remote locations and in the mainland. The GC Group promotes the Greening the Islands Conferences, the third edition of which this year, after Pantelleria in 2014 and Malta in 2015, will take place on the 12th, 13th and 14th of October in Lemnos, prefecture of Lesbos – Greece, a highly symbolic location that underlines how islands are on the frontline for confronting global disruptions caused by war and climate change. The event involves governments’ representatives, international organizations, scientists and executives of large corporations. Every year, the most innovative and successful initiatives are selected for the Greening the Islands Awards by a jury of international experts.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Pantelleria aims at becoming fossil free. Currently, Pantelleria has a power station (23 MW diesel) which will be integrated (hybrid system) with a PV system (500 kW by 2016). There is a plan to expand the PV system in the industrial area up to 15MW. This will concern only 0.35% of the islands’ surface, within the industrial area, and allow a reduction of 71% of the diesel employed by the island’s thermal power plant. This will require an important hybrid system with related storage capacity. This hybrid system could also include biomass and wave energy technology. About the last, a system of conversion of wave energy is currently being developed and a full scale prototype (260 kW) has been already installed off Pantelleria. All those renewable systems (PV, Wave and Biomass) will be fully optimized through storage systems that allows the use of renewable energy throughout the day, minimizing the use of the old energy system (diesel) that gradually will be completely replaced by renewable sources.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: PV-DIESEL HYBRID SYSTEM Project Storyline: The project foresees the deployment of three different photovoltaic plants for a total of 500 kWp power: a rooftop one on the diesel thermal plant building and two ground mounted plants, one with fixed structure and one with single axis trackers, both in the same area. The energy produced by the PV plants will be innovatively integrated with that produced by the diesel generators. There is a plan to expand the PV system in the industrial area up to 15MW. This will concern only 0.35% of the island’s surface, within the industrial area, and allow a reduction of 71% of the diesel employed by the island’s thermal power plant. This will require an important hybrid system with related storage capacity. Financing: The project is financed by the island utility with the support of an upcoming national accelerator scheme for minor islands. Actors Involved: Island's Utility, Island's Municipality, Terna Plus, The Green Consulting Group, GHP.
8.2 Lampedusa
ISLAND PROFILE
Lampedusa is the most southern European island, located 60 miles east the Tunisian coast. Population is almost 6.000 people that becomes almost 30.000 in summer. Tourism and fishing are main local people activities. Electricity is produced locally with a 7 MW diesel generators. Water is produced locally and renewable energy penetration is very low, mainly for electricity purposes.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Mario Gamberale was Born in Rome in1971, is married with two children and lives in Rome. He graduated in Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the University La Sapienza in Rome in 1996 and in 2006 he obtained a Post-graduate specialization course in Industrial Management. He holds a Ph.D. in Energy at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Mechanics and Aeronautics. Mario Gamberale has served as Advisor to the Ministry of the Environment and Territorial Protection, Technical Coordinator Division IX Renewable Energy - Department for Environmental Protection, and is Technical Coordinator of the Kyoto Club and Head of the Renewable Energy Working Group. He is CEO of AzzeroCO2, a company formed by Legambiente, Kyoto Club Italy and the Institute of Environmental Research. He is COO of the Exalto Energy & Innovation.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Exalto is an Energy Service Company specialized in energy efficiency and renewable energies diffusion. It is involved in research activities in renewable energies financed by Ministry of University, Region and EU Community. Exalto is specialized in consultancy and design of Nearly Zero Energy Building. Exalto designs, procures and install RES plant in private and public buildings.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Lampedusa’s Smart Island Strategy aims at demonstrating the technical economic and financial feasibility of a smart community on Lampedusa island through the definition of two models of penetration of renewable in the energy grid of the island (50% RES and Fossil Free), the simulation of the two models through the use of TRNSYS the definition of strategies to remove the main barriers.
To implement the Strategy, special attention will be paid to the positive impact these innovations have on ESCOs (EXALTO and RES NOVA DIE) involved in the implementation of the plan, specifically for increasing the energy efficiency on the island (and more generally of the islands); the manufacturer / distributor of electricity on the business opportunity presented by the accumulation, management and control of electrical energy produced from renewable sources and on its potential to improve local quality of life; on the local communities through the involvement of the Region of Legambiente, given the incentive to boost local employment by using local and third-country human resources.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Smart Island Project Storyline: The ultimate goal of the project is the transformation of the island of Lampedusa into an innovative model of Smart Island. The islander Smart community is a project output and it represents a brand new socio-economic model of Small Island compared to all the other islands.
The analyzed scenarios draw a system based on a progressive multilateral system characterized by a plurality of production centers and active users able to interact with an intelligent network, rather than on a centralized power grid and a monopoly production. The new Smart Grid will be able to: absorb the amount of electricity generated from non-programmable innovative power plants; interact with the system of conventional production; supply a number of energy utilities, optimized by saving measures and energy efficiency; programme the energy unitilities to adapt the load curve of the island with the new production and accumulation availability. The energy provider, currently fossil fuels producer, from the baseline fossil free scenerio gradually becomes a manager of a smart grid, enabling the island energy revolution. Financing: Total budget: 1,2 millon euro. Several financing instruments are/will be out in place, namely: o capital cost incentive by central government up to 100% of eligible costs; o capital cost incentive by Ministry of research for smart grid implementation (R&D activity) o capital cost in five years (Conto Termico) for energy efficiency measures and thermal renewable o special island feed in tariff for PV and Solar thermal (not yet implemented) Actors Involved: Local Municipality of Lampedusa, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, National Research Council of Italy
8.3 Sardinia
ISLAND PROFILE
Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily and before Cyprus) and an autonomous region of Italy, which goes by the official name of Regione Autonoma della Sardegna (Autonomous Region of Sardinia). The total population is 1,661,189 inhabitants (June 2014). The sectors composition of the Sardinian economy in 2015 are the following: (i) Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of the island, 33,483 enterprises represent the 23.5% of the regional total, while at national level the primary sector represents the 14.6%; (ii) the Industry sector represents the 22% (the construction sector represents 14.2%) , in line with the national data (25%); (iii) the tertiary sector represents the 54.5% (the tourist sector is 8.3%), while at national level the tertiary sector represents the 60.5%)
PERSONAL PROFILE
Nicola Nieddu Msc in Political Sciences, International Relations; Master in Business and master in European Project Planning. My competences are related to the fields of drafting and management of European projects and the development of information and training tools for SMEs. Currently I am the coordinator of the project FOSTEr in MED (funded by ENPI CBC MED) on behalf the University of Cagliari and in charge of managing the European Desk of the Municipality of Assemini (Cagliari).
Marco Pittaluga, a civil and building engineer, has also obtained a Masters in European Projects and a Ph.D. in Building Engineering. Currently he works as financial manager for the FOSTEr in MED project, consultant on European Projects and Energy Efficiency at the University of Cagliari and on technology transfer at Sardegna Ricerche, the Special Agency of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, established in 1985 to promote research and technology transfer and the development of a knowledge-based local economy.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The University of Cagliari was founded in 1606. With 31.000 enrolled students, it is composed of 6 faculties a teaching staff of over 1000 and a technical-administrative staff of about 1000 people. In addition, there are 200 visiting professors. The UNICA Department involved in the FOSTEr in MED project is the DICAAR (Civil and Environmental and Architecture Department). The main goals of DICAAR are to organize and promote teaching and research activities in the field of architectural design and building technologies. The main areas of interest are: graphic and computer design, building production, environmental and architectural sustainability, energy efficiency, energy saving, innovative materials for the architectonic envelope, renewable sources of energy. The Laboratory for Energy Efficiency and includes 2 Professors, 2 Associate Professors, 3 Research Assistants and 3 PhD Students.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
FOSTEr in MED – FOstering Solar Technology in the MEDiterranean area – is a strategic project funded by the ENPI CBC MED Programme for 4.5 Million €. SINBAD – INtegrated System for Building Automation and Domotic – is a project funded by ERDF. The projects are strictly connected to the European 2020 Energy Strategy. They are also in line with Sardinia’s Regional Energy Plan, which will be informed by the project’s results.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: FOSTEr in MED – FOstering Solar Technology in the MEDiterranean area Project Storyline: The project promotes the use of solar photovoltaic technologies and their architectural integration on buildings in six Mediterranean countries: Italy, Spain, Lebanon, Egypt, Tunisia and Jordan. Following a Quadruple Helix approach the main activities are related to: Analysis of drivers and barriers (technical, socio-economic) to the diffusion of the Photo Voltaic and Building Integrated PV technologies; Awareness raising of the local population; Competences transfer in the field of BIPV to the target groups: Designers (Architects and Engineers), Installers and University Students; Definition of policy recommendations to foster BIPV adoption; Implementation of 5 BIPV pilot projects. Financing: The project has been funded for 4.05 million Euros by the European Union through the ENPI CBC Mediterranean Sea Basin Programme (www.enpicbcmed.eu). Actors Involved: The set-up of a theoretical common approach in the field of renewable energy will support the creation and development of local clusters comprising local authorities, universities and research Centers, Chambers of Commerce and other representatives of SMEs.
8.4 Certosa
ISLAND PROFILE
The Certosa Island is a 24 hectares-wide island located at the heart of the Venice Lagoon. It lies 200m away from Venice and 500m from the Lido Adriatic Sea Inlet. Home to a major example of native remnant vegetation, from year 2004 it has been undergoing a sound process of environmental and socio-economic redevelopment, together with a thorough operation of soil remediation. Certosa hosts no permanent
inhabitants, but its economic activities (a 300+ berth marina, a hotel, a shipyard, a restaurant, a 12 hectars public park) attract every day an average of a few hundred visitors, that can go up to a couple of thousands during the summer season.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Alessandro Costa holds a PhD in Sustainable Urban Development. He has established and directed the Europe-China Clean Energy Centre (Beijing) and the Enel Foundation (Rome). Today he is responsible for strategic development and international cooperation at the Venice International University (Venice). He is a member of the Studies Committee of the World Energy Council, the Top Expert Group (sustainable energy) of the European Energy Review, and a senior advisor to the Europe-China Municipal Development Commission (Brussels, Beijing). My research interests span from energy policies to sustainable urban development and, more recently, to the sustainability of isolated territories.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
VIU is a consortium of 15 international universities sharing a common campus located at the Island of S. Servolo, to deepen higher education about global themes and challenges, such as sustainable development, environmental management, urban growth, energy and climate change, innovation, ethics, cultural heritage, ageing.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Redeveloping Certosa's abandoned island into a smart island that enables the creation of a space that connects recovered natural assets, together with up-to-date technological features and the social dimension. This is done through an integrated approach that covers multiple systems (e-g- energy, water, material cycles, communication) while aiming at carbon neutrality and keeping the island free, open, and beneficial for the public and the growth of economic activities. A physical enabler is the activity of bioremediation of contaminated soil, while a financial/organizing catalyst is the public-private partnership approach to the overall operation of redevelopment.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Certosa Smart Island Project Storyline: The redevelopment of the island stands on the extensive bioremediation activity that has been carried out since year 2014, that allowed for the regeneration of topsoil and local natural features. Over this preliminary operation, a complex plan for a local sustainable energy system (RES+storage, energy efficiency in buildings, smart mobility, smart lighting, smart grid), promoted by the Italian Ministry for the Environment, a plan for the expansion of compatible economic activities, with related infrastructures, are ongoing. The opening of an urban park that hosts the entire island was accomplished in year 2015. Financing: PPPs, national funds, international funds (e.g. EC), private equity, depending on the single operation. Actors Involved: Vento di Venezia holds the concession over the island and runs its main economic activities (marina, shipyard, hotel, sailing school, etc.). In certain cases it has leased its licence to other third parties (e.g. restaurant). The main public bodies involved are: Venice City Council,
Italian Ministry for Infrastructures, Veneto Region Council, Ministry of Treasury, Ministry of Defence (former owner of the island), Ministry for the Environment, Land, and Sea. VdV, Venice City Council and Ministry for the Environment have signed an agreement for the sustainable remediation of Certosa in year 2013. Negotiations with international companies for investing at Certosa are undergoing.
9 MALTA
9.1 Gozo
ISLAND PROFILE
Gozo is the smaller inhabited island forming part of the Maltese Archipelago, which when compared to the overall area of the Maltese Islands, covers approximately one third of that area. Over 31,000 persons live on the island and this amounts to about one twelfth of the overall population of Malta. Thus, the island of Gozo is not as heavily populated as mainland Malta and therefore greener and much more peaceful. The main sources of income in Gozo are from tourism, agriculture, fisheries, services and manufacturing by a number of small and medium sized enterprises. The publication 'Gozo in Figures 2015' published by the National Statistics Office, Malta provides a comprehensive snapshot of the island. It is available at http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/ess/-/gozo-in-figures-2015
PERSONAL PROFILE
Anthony Zammit is a Biologist and Environmental Scientist, specialising in environmental impacts, resource management and sustainability. He has set up and leads the ecoGozo programme, a Local Sustainable Development Strategy for the island spearheaded by the Ministry for Gozo. Under his leadership ecoGozo was awarded national champion in the European Business Awards 2015. Formerly a board member of the Malta Environment and Planning Authority, and a member of the same authority’s Heritage Advisory Committee, he is also a visiting lecturer at the University of Malta.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Ministry for Gozo is responsible for the overall socio-economic development of Gozo and the implementation of the Eco-Gozo Strategy. The Ministry is headed by the Permanent Secretary. Besides this, the Ministry consists of nine Directorates. The Ministry has a workforce of 1,147 public officers.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The eco-island vision for the island of Gozo is a local Sustainable Development strategy for this island community which strives to bring about a better quality of life for its inhabitants, and a better experience for visitors and investors on the island. The eco-island foresees a sustainable, and therefore, a secure future for the island of Gozo. It is a vision rooted in the island’s potential and the capabilities of its people. EcoGozo is a vision for an island to become even more beautiful, inspiring, welcoming, thriving, inclusive and successful. A healthy and successful place to live in, in equilibrium with the environment. This is essentially what eco-island will strive to achieve.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: ecoGozo Project Storyline: The eco-island project for the island of Gozo was launched in 2008, with the aim of putting the island of Gozo on a faster track to achieve the national and EU targets for sustainable Development and to serve as a pilot for sustainability actions and initiatives. The idea enjoys cross-political acceptance and has to date been led by both the main political forces in the country. Action on ecoGozo is distributed under four main pillars: the Economy, Environment, Society and Culture and Identity. Financing: ecoGozo is fiannced through a number of sources, including: National Funding EU funding (project-based) Private Sector investment (through schemes) Private Sector donations and grants (project-based) Actors Involved: The strategy aims to involve as many stakeholders as possible. Among others these include the government, the wider population on the individual level, private enterprise on the island, corporate business, the voluntary and NGO sectors, schools and educational institutions
10 THE NENTHERLANDS
10.1 Texel
ISLAND PROFILE
Texel is part of the North West of the Netherlands. It has 13.614 inhabitants with 170 km2 land. From the city Den Helder (main land) it takes the ferry boat about 20 minutes to sail to Texel. The main activities of Texel are mainly focusing on tourism but also agriculture and fishery.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Han Brezet is a tenured Professor in Sustainable Product Design for the last 25 years at TU Delft and a visiting professor at Aalborg University (DK) since 2012. He is also a chairman of the Research Board of the Frisian Design Factory and a co-founder of TexLabs, where his role as senior professor is to stimulate students, staff and SMEs and other stakeholders in new sustainable product development and new green venturing, in a local and international context of smart regional governance.
Jarry Scheepens-Hasek is an Innovation Manager at Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Department of Engineering. Her tasks and responsibilities revolve around international relations management and curriculum development of Energy Master Programmes, including research and quality assurance (Energy Transition Centre); building bridges between business, research and education; initiating the EUREC energy transition in practice MSc curriculum, including cooperation of the Dutch Islands with Samsoe and German North Sea Islands. She holds an Msc in Change management and an Msc in Psychology both from the University of Groningen. She regularly delivers seminars and workshops in Energy Transition & Renewable Energies.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
TexLabs is an independent network organization for sustainable innovation in Texel. TexLabs represents the Municipality of Texel in international fora and promotes the relationship of organizations and actors, active in sustainable innovation on the island, with relevant parties from universities in NL, the NorthSea region, INTERREG projects and with wider EU-programs. TexLabs facilitates and accelerates sustainable innovation in Texel, from a perspective of co-design and co-development, with pioneering actors on the mainland of Europe and similar ones on Texel, for joint learning, probing, venturing and up-scaling.
Hanze University of Applied Sciences (UAS) focuses on Energy and Healthy Aging and how to make the transition to a sustainable society, based on the use of clean energy sources, a reality. Hanze (UAS) is the leader in research into renewable energy in the Netherlands. Over the past few years, applied research into sustainable energy, including the use of bio-gas, has grown exponentially. This has resulted, among other things, in the new concept of smart grids and about two hundred graduation projects. The graduation projects entail collaboration projects with renowned partners such as KEMA, TNO, the University of Groningen, Gasunie, GasTerra and various SME companies.
EnTranCe is the hotspot and breeding ground for accelerating the energy transition: moving towards an energy system that relies more on local generation based on non-fossil sources. With EnTranCe, a platform is created where companies, governmental organisations, NGOs, students, researchers and lecturers can initiate innovations and – through co-operation and sharing of knowledge – accelerate their development.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The island's smart energy ambition, starting in 1995, to be self-sufficient with sustainable energy as only resource in 2020 has demonstrated not to be feasible (10% is expected as a maximum). Today, the discussion on developing wind farms is still ongoing. The Planet Texel plan, which has put in place a master vision on Texel's spatial development is currently under implementation. Texel is strong in formulating smart, sustainable ambitions and goals but their realization usually encounters significant obstacles, often due to lack of sufficient support of the population, fear for change among the recreational and tourism industry and a fragmented field of political parties.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: EEPS - Energy-Efficient Products and Services for Smart Grids Project Storyline: Smart -Electricity/Heat- Grids are usually being developed in a top-down way. The project proposes a more bottom-up approach, starting with a -potentially energy-active- prosumer. Instead of energy companies from the mainland, prosumer villages and neighborhoods on islands run their local energy company themselves, with a much stronger focus on efficient collective lifestyles. Easy existing energy-reduction measures can help not only reduce energy consumption, but also balance power much better (peak shaving, valley filling, special pricing etc.) with reduced energy and less required renewable capacity as benefits. Building on the bottom-up model of Samsoe, the project wants to go one step further, focus on the demand side, implement EEPS best practices but also -by a creative process- add a few new ones, like the Power Shower concept. Financing: EU - Call for Innovative Energy-efficiency Services (deadline 15 September 2016)
Actors Involved: Texel, Samsoe and other interested Islands, EUREC network of 50 Energy Institutes, Design Factory Network Europe, Frisian Design Factory, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Aalborg University
10.2 Ameland
ISLAND PROFILE
The municipality of Ameland is a Wadden Island with some 3500 hospitable inhabitants, divided over four authentic villages. Ameland is one of the five inhabited Dutch Wadden Islands in the North Sea. The municipality of Ameland works towards a safe, healthy and pleasant way of working and living on the island. Tourism is the main source of income on the island. About 550,000 to 600,000 tourists visit the island annually, both foreign and Dutch.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Albert de Hoop, Mayor of Ameland Municipality
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Ameland Municipality
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The goal is to establish an intelligent and integrated energy system, with the inhabitants of Ameland being at the centre of this effort. Besides renewable energy, the municipality of Ameland also invests in making the island self-sufficient in other departments, such as with regard to waste and water etc. The ultimate goal is to establish a closed, circular economy on the island and in doing so, strengthening education, research, knowledge and the general economy of the island.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Lighting Plan Ameland Project Storyline: The project focuses on installing the green lighting in the public spaces over all of the island. In the remaining three villages the dimmable energy-saving white lighting will also be installed. In this proposal, we will go into detail about the different aspects of this lighting plan. Financing: The total amount to be invested is € 710,915.07. A mix of private funding and public funding (Ameland Municipality and Province) Actors Involved: Philips Lighting, the Village Councils and the Ameland municipality
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Solar Park Project Storyline: Several years ago we have conducted tests with green lighting (bird-friendly, pleasant outside the built-up area and just as safe as white light) at the Veerdam near Nes. Surveys and questionnaires showed that people experienced this as pleasant and just as safe as white light. A first step has been taken by installing green lights at each of the four passages to the
beach. Additionally, in the reconstruction of the centre of Hollum, dimmable, energy-efficient lighting has been installed. This last aspect makes for a reduction in energy costs of 60% when it comes to lighting. This project focuses on installing the green lighting in the public spaces over all of the island. In the remaining three villages the dimmable energy-saving white lighting will also be installed. Financing: A mix of private (energy company) and public funding as used. Actors Involved: Amelander Energie Coöperatie, ENECO and the Ameland municipality
10.3 Vlieland
ISLAND PROFILE
Vlieland is one of the five Wadden Sea islands in the North of the Netherlands, with a population of 1100 inhabitants and covering an area of 315,80 sq km. The main activity on the island is tourism.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Simon Tijsma is Program Manager for Sustainable Innovations in the province of Fryslan and Advisor to the North Sea Commission on economic development. The Province of Fryslan participated in the recent INTERREG Call for Proposals with a project on how islands can become innovation catalysts.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Province of Fryslan (public regional authority) and North Sea Commission
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The island is part of the regional strategy (RIS) of the SNN (cooperation of the 3 northern provinces in the Netherlands)
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Innofest Project Storyline: A start-up support project where cutting-edge innovations in the creative and technological markets are tested during festivals organized for this purpose. This regional eco- innovation system brings innovations to the market faster and unites start-ups with their potential customers. Products and ideas can be developed and tested in a living lab situation whereby thousands of festival-goers play an integral and essential role. Financing: We applied for a grant from the EFRO program and submitted a proposal under INTERG B North Sea program Actors Involved: Quadruple helix which means end-user, SMEs, research institutes & universities and public authorities
11 SPAIN
11.1 Canary Islands
ISLAND PROFILE
Canary Islands, Spain; 7 + 1 islands; 7500 km2; 2.1 Million inhabitants; main activity: tourism; tertiary sector represents 30% (direct) and 70% (indirect) of regional GDP (GDP: 40 Billion €); tourists 2015: 13 Million (constant flow through the year, no seasonal fluctuations.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Gonzalo Piernavieja, R&D&I Director (CTO) of the Canary Islands Institute of Technology (ITC: Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias); Degree in Physics (Munich University, Germany); expert in renewable energies and water technologies.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Canary Islands Institute of Technology (Instituto Tecnológico de Canarias, ITC); technology center of the Regional Government of the Canary Islands; 120 researchers&scientists working in emerging fields, most of them related to sustainable development: renewable energies, water technologies (desalination, reuse, etc.), microalgae biotechnology, environmental analyisis (focus: agricultura), medical technology, metrology and fuels, ICTs and information society
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Several plans/strategic documents exhibit the Smart strategy of the region: a) RIS3 (Regional Smart Specialisation Strategy, presented to the EC in 2014: sustainable, inclusive and intelligent growth, blue economy, etc.); b) Regional Energy Plan (>30% RES in 2025); insular sustainability plans (e.g. El Hierro); insular strategic water plans.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: El Hierro: 100% Sustainable Island Project Storyline: Energy (and water) self-sufficiency by means of renewable energies (incl. electric vehicles, biomass exploitation, etc.); sustainable agriculture and fishing; sustainable tourism; wind-pumped hydro power station (100% RES) in operation since June 2014. Financing: Wind-pumped hydro power station (83 M€): 60% public (state & región), 40% private (utility); rest of actions/projects: mainly public. Actors Involved: "Cabildo" (insular authority), Regional Government, State Government. Utility
PROJECT 2
Project Title: La Graciosa RES microgrid Project Storyline: Electric microgrid (powered mainly by PV) with battery and electric vehicles (in Project) Financing: Up to now: 2.5 M€ (studies and some installations): Regional Government, island council of Lanzarote, ITC, State, EC Actors Involved: See above
PROJECT 3
Project Title: Punta Jandía village hybrid system Project Storyline: Electricity and water supply to the isolated fisher village of Punta Jandía (Fuerteventura) by means of a wind-diesel system (eventual adding of H2 system) Financing: First phase (end: 2001): European Union (VALOREN); now looking for funding (refurbishment and H2 incorporation) Actors Involved: European Commission, Regional Government, Island Council, Municipality of Pájara, ITC
12 SWEDEN
12.1 Gotland
ISLAND PROFILE
Gotland is the largest island of the Baltic sea, situated roughly 60 miles off the coast of southern mainland Sweden.57 300 people live year round on the island, a number that changes dramatically during the summer as Gotland is one of Sweden’s most popular summer destinations. Beautiful beaches, rich history and a welcoming climate (Gotland is usually one of the sunniest places in Sweden) contribute to the island’s popularity.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Bengt-Olof Grahn works for the Region Gotland in the Technical department as an international Project coordinator with significant experience in EU islands projects but also international development projects focusing on energy- and environmental issues mostly but also water-, waste- and information topics.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Gotland municipality was founded in 1971 through a merger between several small municipalities on the island. The new municipality took over the county council’s tasks, such as healthcare, residential college for adult education and public transport. In 2011 Gotland Municipality changed its name to Region Gotland. Region Gotland has three main tasks: municipal operations, county council operations and regional development.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
ENERGY STRATEGY FOR GOTLAND IN 2020 Overall goals. The local assets of renewable and recycled energy resembles the equivalent to the entire energy use in Gotland society, including industry. The objectives of Vision 2025 clarify in the energy plan that a sustainable energy supply solution should be based on renewable energy from the production of electricity and fuels on Gotland. The energy supply is environmentally sustainable and energy industry is growing on the island. Economic turnover on energy stays in high degree within the local regional economies. The aim creates conditions for both economic and ecologically sustainable development on the island.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Power to Gas Project Storyline: The first study of a Power to Gas project has started on Gotland. The first investigation is completed and for the moment a study covering technology, ecomomics etc is going on. The purpose of the project is to use the CO2 emissions from a cement factory to produce Methane. Windpower will be used for the electrolysis process. The Power to Gas has two fases: In fase 1 the first demonstration project will use hydrogen produced through electrolysis with excess windpower as energy source. The hydrogen will then be used to boost methane production in a conventional methane reactor. The CO2 in the process will react with the hydrogen and methane production will rise with 25-35 %. In fase 2 a full scale project using captured CO2 from a cement factory will be used together with the hydrogen in a Sabatier reactor to produce methane. The Project is now in the second stage and a prestudy has been performed. In the ongoing phase technology and especially economics are investigated. Financing: The financing so far is done by the stakeholders. For the Projects financing from sources such as EU programmes as well as national co-financing will be needed. Actors Involved: Swedish expert consultancies and organisations as SWEDGAS, Hydrogen Sweden, SWECO, local companies, biogas and windfarm owners, grid-owner, Cement factory owner, gas grid owner, gas consumers, Region Gotland. Gotland was chosen among three regions in Sweden as the place for a possible pilot project and plant because of its high engagement from the local stakeholders.
12.2 Oland
ISLAND PROFILE
Öland - the island of wind and sun - is the second largest island of Sweden and situated on the southeast coast. It is normally populated by 25 000 inhabitants but in the busy summertime it is visited by 1 millon tourists, many of them having season houses on the Island. The main activities are tourism and farming but all sorts of culture (art, Music etc) are also important sectors of the Island, mainly because of is richness in flora and fauna which sets good conditions for creativity. Öland has long term ambitios goals on sustainability and lots of activity going on to implement the overall vision of becoming a region free from fossil fuels in 2030.
PERSONAL PROFILE
I am a human ecologist working as a sustainability strategist at the municipality of Mörbylånga, South part of Öland. My main task is to implement the climate strategy of the municipality and to make Mörbylånga free from fossil fuels in 2025. I work mostly with renewables in transport (EVs, biogas, public transport, infrastructure, ride sharing, climate off-setting and so on) but also in fields like climate adaptation, solar energy and energy efficient non-toxic buildings. Apart from job aspects I am a mother of two and find good pleasure in hobbies like painting, renovating, nature and workout.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The municipality of Mörbylånga is a local authority. Its responsibilities covers a broad spectrum of childcare, schools, elderly care, infrastructure, water supply, spacial planning etc. Through the Öland municipal association Mörbylånga has, together with municipality of Borgholm which is the other municipality on Öland, been part of Isle Pact and Smilegov projects. Öland is region of part of the Kalmar. The region set a shared vision (back in 2006) of becoming a fossil fuel free region in 2030. This has set a vision and common ground for many projects and smart cooperation between actors on different levels (multi-level governance) which has resulted in +65 % of energy consumption comes from renewable energy.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Fossil fuel free region in 2030 and for Mörbylånga the same goal is set for 2025. It means no usage of fossil fuels or fossil energy in 2030 /2025. If fossil fuels still are used in any section in the region (private or public), the region must produce and export renewables to the same extent and by that take responsibility for conversion elsewhere.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Biogas Öland Project Storyline: A project that works in the spectra of biogas, from production to distribution and consumption. Including filling stations, vehicles, preparation of production site and Communication on all levels. A huge pussle to fit in both time and space. Financing: Mostly regional funding, collected from different finansers but also national funding. Also private public partnership for the distribution sector. Actors Involved: municipalities, regional board, private entrepreneurs, farmers, public transport operator, academia
13 UK
13.1 Scottish Islands
ISLAND PROFILE
Community Energy Scotland operate across the whole of Scotland, which has over 90 inhabited islands. Approximately 100,000 people live on the islands, which span a range of climatic and geological conditions, but are typically classed as remote. Main economic activities include tourism, fishing, energy (renewable and fossil) and agriculture. Community Energy Scotland have supported renewable energy development on over 40 islands, ranging from small scale solar projects to multi-MW community windfarms.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Felix is currently Head of Development at Community Energy Scotland, a Scottish charity dedicated to supporting community development and regeneration through the ownership of renewable energy assets. Felix leads on Community Energy Scotland’s ‘Local Energy Economies’ work, helping communities
to overcome grid constraints and manage local energy use, using smart grid and energy storage technologies, including hydrogen production and electric transport. A number of these projects have been focused and incubated on islands, due to the unique social, environmental and technical conditions. Felix sits on a number of industry working groups to represent the interests of community energy organisations, including the Smart Grid Forum and Distributed Generation Forum.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
Community Energy Scotland provides practical help for communities on green energy development and energy conservation. We believe that communities can become stronger, more self-reliant and resilient by generating their own energy and using it efficiently. To achieve that goal, we provide education, finance and practical help, and we also act as a voice for communities who want to act now for a more secure and sustainable energy future in Scotland. Community Energy Scotland is also a membership-based organisation. We have led or participated in a number of partnership projects at UK and EU level, and also participate in European networks such as RURENER, the European Small Islands Network (via the Scottish Islands Federation) and RESCoop (via the Scottish Community Energy Coalition).
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Community Energy Scotland has assisted in the development of Sustainable Energy Action plans, energy audits, and Community Development Plans on a number of islands and archipelagoes, including the Western Isles (with Comhairle Nan Eilean Siar), Orkney Islands, and several islands in the Inner Hebrides and Clyde as part of the SMILEGOV project, led in Scotland by the Scottish Islands Federation. At a national and European level, Community Energy Scotland campaign for policies that support the development of sustainable and equitable energy systems on islands and in remote areas with limited infrastructure.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: ACCESS project Project Storyline: The ACCESS project is a community led smart grid project designed to enable the connection of additional renewable generation in areas with technical limitations on grid capacity where a traditional grid connection would not be possible. The concept is to match in real time the generation from a community owned hydro scheme on the island of Mull, with local energy demand through smart telematics and controls. By focusing on thermal energy storage, the model simultaneously provides affordable, low carbon heating to local homes and business. More information is available at: http://www.accessproject.org.uk/. Financing: The project has been supported by funding from Scottish and UK sources, as well as contributions from project partners. Funding links: http://www.localenergyscotland.org/funding- resources/funding/local-energy-challenge-fund/ https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/network- regulation-riio-model/network-innovation/electricity-network-innovation-allowance Actors Involved: The project is structured as a partnership between: Community Energy Scotland (a charity/NGO) Mull and Iona Community Trust (a charity/NGO) Scottish and Southern Energy (an energy supplier/PLC) VCharge UK Ltd (a technology developer/SME) Element Energy (a consultancy/ SME)
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Outer Hebrides Local Energy Hub (OHLEH) Project Storyline: The OHLEH project builds on existing renewable energy infrastructure at a municipally owned waste management centre, to create new low carbon products and supply chains. The anaerobic digestion plant will be adapted to receive fish waste from local aquaculture operations. The increased biogas output of the AD will be supplied to a 150kWe CHP plant. The electrical output of the CHP will be used to supply the on-site energy needs, as well as to produce hydrogen and oxygen that will be supplied to the aquaculture business to increase fish production and reduce carbon emissions in heat, power and transport. An on-site 330kW wind turbine will be modified to supplement oxygen and hydrogen production. Financing: The project has been financed by the Scottish Government, an internal loan from the Local Authority, and financial contributions from partners. Details on the Scottish Government funding are available here: http://www.localenergyscotland.org/funding- resources/funding/local-energy-challenge-fund/ Actors Involved: The project is structured as a partnership between: Comhairle nan Eilean Siar (Local Authority) Community Energy Scotland (charity/NGO) Scottish Salmon Company (enterprise) Pure Energy Centre (SME)
PROJECT 3
Project Title: BIG HIT (Building Innovative Green Hydrogen systems in an Isolated Territory) Project Storyline: BIG HIT builds on foundations laid by the Orkney Surf ‘n’ Turf initiative, which will see production of hydrogen on the islands of Eday and Shapinsay using wind and tidal energy. These are both world leading pilot and demonstration projects, which deploy a fully integrated model of hydrogen production, storage, transportation and utilisation for low carbon heat, power and transport. Financing: Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (“FCH JU”). The FCH JU selected BIG HIT as the only hydrogen project in its Hydrogen Territories tender to receive funding. Actors Involved: BIG HIT brings together 12 organisations spanning six EU countries: Orkney Islands Council (local authority) Community Energy Scotland (charity/NGO) Shapinsay Development Trust (charity/NGO) European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) (charity/NGO) Calvera (enterprise) Giacomini (enterprise) ITMPower (enterprise) SymbioFCell (enterprise) Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (research/ university) Scottish Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Association (SHFCA) (trade body) The Ministry for Transport and Infrastructure (MTI) (government) The Foundation for the Development of New Hydrogen Technologies in Aragon (FHa) (research/ university)
13.2 Isle of Wight
ISLAND PROFILE
The Isle of Wight lies off the south coast of mainland England and covers an area of 146.8 sq miles (38.016 hectares, or 380.16 km2). It has a resident population of 140,000 in 70,000 households, with a higher than average proportion of people aged over 65. The public sector (administration, health, education) is the largest employer, with significant employment in retail, accommodation, financial services and manufacturing. There are over 5,000 businesses on the Island, most of which are micro businesses. Tourism is very significant for the Island and there is also growing employment in the clean tech sector, including wind turbine blade manufacture and support vessels for offshore wind farms. The Island is home to the Vestas Blade Technology Centre.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Ian Stephens – I was born and lived on the Island all my life, however I have travelled prior to taking early retirement from BT. I owned an independent communication consultancy until elected back in 2001 as an Independent Member. A former Leader and Chairman of the IWC, holding IWC Executive positions involving transport, energy, and innovation utilising Council assets.
I Chair the LGA Cultural Tourism and Sport Board for England and Wales, enabling me to acquaint myself with solutions such as superfast broadband, and innovation, so crucial in rural areas such as the Isle of Wight.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Isle of Wight Council (IWC) is a Unitary Authority which provides a wide range of services to the local population and businesses. It is the authority for highways, education, planning and licensing and provides social care services for adults and children. IWC is also responsible for strategic planning for the Isle of Wight and has produced “Eco Island” as its Sustainable Community Strategy. This is the basis for the Island Plan, the land use planning policy document which governs development on the Island.
The council also has a priority for economic development and encourages investments which create skilled jobs, training opportunities and wealth. The renewable energy sector has been a focus for the council and the Isle of Wight is now home to a number of world class clean tech companies. There has also been significant investment in renewable energy generation, covering PV, energy from waste and tidal energy technologies.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
Eco Island is a vision for a low carbon community and for growth based on the development of the green economy. Specifically, it has targets for the Island to become self-sufficient in renewable electricity generation and to have the lowest per capita carbon footprint in England by 2020. IWC also has a broader vision of sustainability, focused on the Island’s ecological footprint, and is active in energy and water conservation, waste reduction and sustainable travel. It is working with a wide range of community groups and other stakeholders to make the Isle of Wight a sustainable region.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Perpetuus Tidal Energy Centre Project Storyline: The Perpetuus Tidal Energy Centre (PTEC) is a state-of-the-art tidal energy generation project. It is the largest consented tidal stream energy project in England and Wales and will reinforce the UK’s position as a world leader in marine renewables. PTEC’s offshore site will lie around 2.5km south of St Catherine’s Point, Isle of Wight. It will produce up to 30MW (enough to power 15,000 homes), of clean, safe, renewable energy, for export to the UK grid. PTEC will deploy a number of different turbine technologies positioned in groups or arrays within an area of 5 km2. Export cables on the seabed will bring the electricity from the site to an onshore project substation. The proposed development is a game-changing opportunity to create much needed jobs and training opportunities, as well as encourage local investment and diversification of local businesses.
Financing: PTEC has been developed with funding from the Isle of Wight Council and Perpetuus Energy Ltd. Approximately £2m was required to achieve consents for the project (achieved April 2016) and up to £30m will be required for construction. With the investment in tidal energy devices, the total investment will be some £150m, the majority of which will be provided by the private sector. Actors Involved: The company behind PTEC is Perpetuus Tidal Energy Centre Ltd; a consortium which includes Perpetuus Energy Limited, a private developer of renewable energy, power generation and infrastructure projects and the Isle of Wight Council. As the project develops, tidal device and project developers will become involved.
PROJECT 2
Project Title: Island Smart Grid Project Storyline: The Isle of Wight’s Sustainable Community Strategy has the ambition for the Island to be self-sufficient in electricity produced from local renewable energy sources. This will require an installed capacity of RES of approximately 170MW. To date, approximately 80MW has been installed, in addition to rooftop PV systems which have been installed on over 3,000 domestic and commercial buildings. To this end IWC will produce a detailed model of the existing power grid and an optimum smart gird architecture, trials of battery storage technologies and domestic thermo-storage and EV charging / storage stations, hydrogen storage facilities, building on the existing hydrogen-powered boat and electrolyser that has been developed on the Island. In order to provide community benefits through smart grid development, the council will also develop a business model for Demand Side Response (DSR) services. Financing: The council is seeking EU funding for the Island Smart Grid development. It is part of a H2020 submission called “inteGRIDy” and will be submitting an ERDF application to investigate storage solutions and how they can be commercialised. Actors Involved: The council is working with the distribution network operator, a number of Higher Education Institutions and suppliers of smart grid solutions to understand what is feasible for the Island and will prevent the need for further traditional reinforcement. Through “inteGRIDy” it is connected with a wide range of smart grid specialists throughout Europe.
13.3 Isle of Eigg
ISLAND PROFILE
The Isle of Eigg is situated on the west coast of Scotland, an hour from the manalnd port of Mallaig in Highland region. Its has 98 inhabitants and its primary activities are farming, tourism, services (primary school, health centre, electric system, shop). There are also businesses based on building, craft development and music. It is situated in an area of Scenic Beauty and its attractiveness is its outstanding landscape, geology and pristine wildlife.
PERSONAL PROFILE
Camille Dressler is a trainer in Social Enterprise as well as a local historian and craft producer. She has a strong interest in ecology and nature as well as community development, which has served her well in
her position as chair of the local community council serving the islands of Eigg, Muck Rum and Canna and chair of the Scottish Islands Federation.
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATION
The Scottish Islands Federation was born in 2007 from a desire to ensure that the island voice was better heard at all levels of governance in order for the economic and social development issues on islands to be considered appropriately. The Federation now represents 15 islands mostly situated in the west coast of Scotland, with some members in Orkney and Shetland. The federation has been promoting island involvement in making their own sustainable energy plans and is now looking at issues of island sustainable transport.
ISLAND SMART STRATEGY
The Isle of Eigg has pioneered an innovative electricity system based on three types of renewables to provide its inhabitants with a source of renewable power to replace their dependency on fossil fuel generators. It is also looking at ways to minimize its carbon footprint by installing solar water heaters, promoting the use of EV's and bicycles for island transport, producing more food locally and minimise the amount of waste produced and exported, whilst developing its image as a Green tourism destination. This is all part of the Scottish Government's 2020 route map vision of low carbon communities, supported by the Highland Council strategy for Carbon Clever communities.
PROJECT 1
Project Title: Isle of Eigg Electrification project Project Storyline: Eigg's electricity is produced by three Hydro electric generators- 100kW, 10kW and 9KW, four 6kW Proven wind turbines and 51kW of solar panels - providing about 95% of electricity needs - backed by two 80kW diesel generators. Power is distributed via a grid of 11km of buried high voltage cable. Overall control depends upon a bank of batteries connected to the grid through a series of linked inverters. The system is operated for the benefit of the community by Eigg Electric Ltd and is serviced and maintained by a trained island maintenance team. Electricity charges have collected via pre-payment card operated meters and are set a level necessary to allow the company to fulfill its duties to the community. Financing: Financing was through The Big Lottery fund: £250 000.00 Highland and Islands Enterprise: £250 000.00 European Rural Development Fund: £ 764 000.00 Highland Council: £10.000 Energy Saving Trust: £102.000.00 Isle ofEigg Heritage trust: £40 000.00 Isle of Eigg residents connection fees: £51 000.00 Total: £1 567 000.00 Triodos bank assisted in the financial arrangements, providing bridging loans. Actors Involved: The project required close cooperation between a number of private actors: the islanders through the electrification project team, the project manager - Synergie Scotland Ltd, the main contractor for design and build, Scottish Hydro Contracting and four subcontractors, E- connect Ventures Ltd, Wind and Sun Ltd, Energy renewed Ltd and G.G. MacKenzie Contractors Ltd.