Table of Contents Publisher’s Note...... ix Editor’s Introduction...... xi Contributors...... xv
Volume 1
The Lead-Up to War
Letter from President Roosevelt to Chancellor Adolf Hitler...... 3 F.D.R: There Will Be No Blackout of Peace in America...... 7 President Roosevelt’s Speech Recommending Revision of the Neutrality Law. 11 We Must Not Falter Now ...... 16 Compulsory Service Must Be Adopted . 21 The Country Is Being Rushed Into Military Conscription...... 26 Proclamation 2425: Selective Service Registration . 31 Our Own Democracy Is Threatened...... 36 We Ought to Stay Out of the War...... 42 Lend-Lease Act. 51 Charles Lindbergh: Radio Address...... 56 Joint Resolution of the US Congress Reaffirming the Principles of theMonroe Doctrine...... 61
Pearl Harbor
Memorandum for the President, December 7, 1941 . 67 Fourteen-Part Message from Japan to the United States and Secretary Hull’s Response. 71 The Man in the Street Reacts to Pearl Harbor...... 78 Franklin Roosevelt’s Pearl Harbor Speech...... 82
Domestic Aliens
The Japanese American Creed...... 89 Excerpts of The Munson Report...... 93 Presidential Proclamation 2526: Alien–Enemies—Germans. 98 Presidential Proclamation 2527: Alien–Enemies—Italians. 102
v Let Us Not Persecute These People...... 106 Executive Order 9066—Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. 112 To All Persons of Japanese Ancestry...... 116 An Interview with an Older Nisei...... 120
Other Demographics
Executive Order 8802—Fair Employment Practice in Defense Industries. 125 Those Who Deserve Freedom Will Fight For It...... 129 The Colored People Are Still Waiting, Still Watchful ...... 133 Letter Recommending Navajo Enlistment...... 139 The American Workers’ Responsibility...... 142 Women’s Part in the War Effort ...... 149 Don’t Make Slaves of Future Generations...... 156 President Roosevelt’s “Call for Sacrifice” . 161 We Love Honor More Than We Fear Death...... 169 Let Us Have Action for Women Instead of Lip–Service...... 175 An Act to Repeal The Chinese Exclusion Acts . 181
Foreign Policy
Atlantic Charter...... 187 Joint Message of Assistance to the Soviet Union from President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill. . . 191 German Declaration of War with the United States...... 194 Our Heritage Can Be Preserved Only By Fighting . 198 Declaration by the United Nations. 206 We Need Tanks, Not Talk...... 210 President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Broadcast to Canadians . 217 More Dollars Do Not Mean More Goods...... 221 Master Lend–Lease Agreement...... 231 Mutual Aid Agreement Between the United States and the Soviet Union...... 236 The War and Human Freedom . 241 Casablanca Conference...... 251
vi Volume 2
War and Victory
Digest of Operation Overlord. 257 What Shall We Do with Germany?. 265 Armistice with Italy. 275 Moscow Declaration Regarding the Postwar Period...... 279 Cairo Declaration ...... 284 The Spirit of Liberty...... 287 General Dwight D. Eisenhower’s Order of the Day ...... 291 The Invasion Starts. 294 The Public’s Responsibility Towards Veterans...... 299 Radio Address by General Douglas MacArthur at the Leyte Beachhead . 305 Protocol of Proceedings of Crimea (Yalta) Conference . 308 Declaration Regarding the Defeat of Germany and the Assumption of Supreme Authority by Allied Powers. . 316
The Holocaust
Letter Regarding the Plight of German Jews . 325 Notices to the US State Department Regarding Nazi Plans to Eliminate Jews. 330 Cable from London to Rabbi Stephen Wise Regarding the Final Solution . 335 The American Jewish Labor Committee’s Meeting with President Roosevelt...... 339 Report on the Failure of the US State Department to Assist European Jews. 344 Memo on Army Policy Regarding Refugee Rescue . 356 January 1943 Telegram Confirming Reports of Mass Executions of Jews in Poland...... 359 Rosenheim Letter Requesting Bombing of Deportation Rail Lines ...... 363 War Department Cable Refusing to Bomb Deportation Railways...... 366
Nuremberg
Report to the President by Mr. Justice Jackson. 371 Rehabilitation and Moral Reconstruction for Germany ...... 382 International Conference on Military Trials–Agreement and Charter...... 392 Statement by Justice Jackson on War Trial Agreement . 400
vii The Atom Bomb
Albert Einstein’s Letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt. 407 A Petition to the President Regarding the Atomic Bomb . 411 President Truman’s Announcement of the Hiroshima Bombing...... 415 Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers’ General Order No. 1. 419 Declaration on the Atomic Bomb. 425 The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Nature of an Atomic Explosion...... 429 The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Selection of the Target. 434 The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Main Conclusions...... 438
Appendixes
Chronological List...... 433 Web Resources . 447 Bibliography...... 449 Index...... 457
viii