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AUGUSTUS AND

CHARLES LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

“NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1010 CE

Eilmer of Malmesbury, a monk, strapped wings to his hands and feet and leaped from the 80-foot west tower of his abbey, breaking both legs at the end of his 200-meter glide and acquiring several important items of information about heavier-than-air flight: the importance of flight insurance, the fact that the pilot always arrives first at the scene of an accident, the need for a long runway, etc. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1742

There was war between and England.

When Jean-François Boyvin de Bonnetot, Marquis de Bacqueville leaped from the roof of his home adjacent to the Seine River with apparatuses resembling petals strapped to arms and legs, he managed to glide to a relatively safe plunge in the water. When he repeated the glide, however, he collided with the barge of a washerwoman, breaking an arm. (Well, but we notice that the Marquis didn’t attempt anything utterly inane such as participation in warfare!) HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1902

February 4, Tuesday: Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr. was born in , , of Swedish, English, Irish and Scottish ancestry to Charles , a lawyer, and Evangeline Lodge Land Lindbergh, a teacher.

The infant was blonde and blue-eyed, of course (else his life trajectory would have been very different). HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT

March: , Jr.’s parents returned to their home in Little Falls, with 5-week-old Charles.

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1903

December 17, Thursday: At 10:35AM it was Orville Wright’s turn to try out “Flyer I” with its 4-cylinder engine constructed by Charles Taylor at the bicycle shop. At Kill Devil Hill, 6 kilometers south of Kitty Hawk, he made a successful takeoff into a 20-22-mph wind, stayed aloft for 12 seconds covering a distance of 44 meters, and made a successful landing. By the 4th flight that morning, with Wilbur aboard, the aircraft stayed aloft for 59 seconds, and when it landed, it was 852 feet from its launch rail. That evening they sent a telegram from Kitty Hawk, North Carolina to their father in Dayton, Ohio, letting him know that his sons had succeeded in powered flight and asking him to “inform press.” The reaction of the press was to embellish the story à la Jules Verne for its humor potential. Nobody was credulous and nobody was willing to come watch as humans flew. They were making their flights in plain sight with no attempt at secrecy whatever — and they were quite invisible. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1906

June 22, Friday: Anne Spencer Morrow was born in Englewood, New Jersey.

NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT

November: Charles Lindbergh, Jr.’s father was elected to represent Minnesota’s Sixth Congressional District in the US House of Representatives.

LIFE IS LIVED FORWARD BUT UNDERSTOOD BACKWARD? — NO, THAT’S GIVING TOO MUCH TO THE HISTORIAN’S STORIES. LIFE ISN’T TO BE UNDERSTOOD EITHER FORWARD OR BACKWARD.

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1909

July 25, Sunday: Louis Charles Joseph Blériot crossed the English Channel in a monoplane (the channel had previously been crossed by an unmanned balloon in 1784 and then by a manned balloon in 1785). HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1910

March 8, Tuesday: Raymonde de Laroche became the 1st licensed female pilot. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1918

May 15, Wednesday: Finnish troops completed the conquest of Karelia.

Turkish invaded Alexandropol to the northwest of Yerevan. Stiff Armenian resistance allowed thousands of civilians to escape.

Many of the very 1st stamps were accidentally printed with the plane inverted and these faulty stamps have since become prized collector’s items. However, the pilot on the initial Washington DC/ City flight on this day lost his way (no, he hadn’t been flying upside down), ran out of fuel, landed in Maryland — and was forced to send on his precious mail pouch by train.

In a nationwide effort, US officials rounded up 80 suspected anarchists.

June 15, Saturday: Charles Lindbergh, Jr. received his high school diploma in Little Falls, Minnesota.

The Austrian offensive at Asiago on this day and the following day would be defeated by a combined British and French . HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1919

May 31, Saturday: A Curtiss NC-4 flying boat of the US Navy under the command of Albert Read landed in Plymouth, England after a 4,526-mile transatlantic journey from Rockaway, New York, stopping along the way in Newfoundland, the , and Portugal. The flight time, spread over 23 days, amounted to almost 54 hours (the longest hop had been between Newfoundland the Azores — 1,200 miles in more than 15 hours).

June 15, Sunday: Captain John Alcock and Lieutenant Arthur Whitten Brown of the landed their bomber to Derrygimla Bog in Clifden, after a journey of 1,960 miles over the Atlantic waves from St. John’s, Newfoundland (this initial non-stop had lasted 16 hours and 12 minutes).

Incidental music to Claudel’s (after Aeschylus) play Les Choëphores, by Darius Milhaud was performed for the initial time, in a concert setting, in .

Nuit de Walpurgis classique op.38, a symphonic poem by Charles Koechlin, was performed for the initial time, in Salle Gaveau, Paris.

Horatio Parker’s cantata A.D. 1919, to words of Hooker, was performed for the initial time, at Yale University, New Haven, , in memory of students and alumni of Yale killed in the Great War.

July 2, Wednesday: Major George Herbert Scott of the Royal Air Force’s airship R34 landed at Mineola on from RAF East Fortune, Scotland, about 3,000 statute miles in about four and a half days (their return flight to RNAS Pulham, England would consume 75 hours). HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1920

Fall: Charles Lindbergh, Jr. began studies in mechanical engineering at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.

THE FUTURE IS MOST READILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1921

June 15, Wednesday: Elizabeth “Bessie” Coleman became the 1st licensed African-American aviator. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1922

February 2, Thursday: Having flunked classes in machine design, mathematics, and physics at the University of Wisconsin, Charles Lindbergh, Jr. was expelled. Eventually he would obtain employment with the Nebraska Aircraft Corporation.

June 17, Saturday: Lieutenant Commander Sacadura Cabral and Commander Gago Coutinho arrived in Rio de Janeiro from after crossing the using three Portuguese Fairey IIID floatplanes (they had needed to ditch twice along the way). HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1923

Spring/Summer: Charles Lindbergh, Jr., who had become a pilot, barnstormed his way through “Ohiowa,” amusing the rubes. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1924

March: Charles Lindbergh enlisted in the Army Air Service and began training. He would graduate 1st in his class from the Army’s Advanced Flying School and be commissioned as a 2d Lieutenant. Then, at loose ends because few squadrons needed new pilots, he would head for St. Louis and go to work as a test pilot, barnstormer, stunt flyer, and mail pilot.

April 6, Sunday: The 1st aerial circumnavigation of the globe, more than 27,553 miles in 175 days, began in Seattle, Washington. A team of aviators of the Army Air Service, precursor of the took off in four aircraft and flew toward Alaska. Three of the planes made it on this initial leg of the journey. The other three planes would continue along the Aleutian Island chain, across Japan, Korea, the coast of China, Hong Kong, French Indochina, Thailand, Burma, India, the Middle East, and across .

In Italy, the Fascists won the elections by a two/thirds majority.

June 23, Monday: Russell Maughan flew in a Curtis pursuit plane from New York to San Francisco in 21 hours and 48 minutes dawn to dusk.

July 14, Monday: The team of aviators of the United States Army Air Service involved in a aerial circumnavigation of the globe brought their three remaining planes down at an airstrip near Paris. From there they would fly to London and across the north of England.

August 3, Sunday: The team of aviators of the United States Army Air Service involved in a aerial circumnavigation of the globe were attempting a crossing of the Atlantic Ocean in their three remaining planes when one of the planes was forced down. While being towed by a light of the US Navy, it capsized and sank. The remaining two aircraft went on across the Atlantic Ocean via and , and would arrive in Nova Scotia. Another aircraft would fly east from the US to join them, and then they would proceed from Greenland to Washington DC and be celebrated. Then they would fly across the USA making stops in 14 cities, until arriving on the West Coast at Santa Monica, California.

September 28, Sunday: The team of aviators of the United States Army Air Service involved in a aerial circumnavigation of the globe completed their journey by flying from Santa Monica up to their original point of departure, Seattle, Washington — total mileage more than 27,553, total travel time 175 days. This had been accomplished with only 2 replacements of wings only 5 replacements of engines for each of the aircraft completing the journey. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

October 15, Wednesday: The Zeppelin ZR-3 LZ-126 arrived from Friedrichshafen, Germany at Lakehurst, New Jersey under the command of Dr. Hugo Eckener, after a 4-day, 4,000-mile Atlantic crossing bearing cargo.

When a Breguet XIX GR landed in Port Natal in Brazil after taking off from Saint-Louis in Senegal, this amounted to the 1st nonstop crossing of the Atlantic Ocean by an airplane — the 2,100-mile flight had required a bit more than 18 hours. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1926

Robert Goddard launched a liquid-fueled rocket.

The Air Commerce Act, our initial federal attempt to set safety regulations for civil aeronautics, required registration and licensing of both pilots and airplanes.

Charles Lindbergh made his 1st -to-St. Louis airmail flight.

A.A. Michelson determined the speed of light through air by use of a rotating-mirror apparatus. The light path was between the Mount Wilson observatory and a reflector atop Mount , 22 miles away. An average value of 299,796 kilometers/second-1 was obtained, somewhat more than the 298,000 kilometers/ second-1 that had been measured by J.L. Foucault in 1850.

HISTORY OF OPTICS

May 11, Tuesday: Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen, Umberto Nobile, , and 13 others took off from Spitsbergen in the semirigid airship Norge, heading to soar over the North Pole and intending to come down in Nome, Alaska.

THE FUTURE CAN BE EASILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

Fall: Charles Lindbergh searched for financial angels to back his bid at the $25,000 for flying nonstop between New York and Paris.

Dr. Elbert Russell accepted a position at Duke University as professor of Biblical Interpretation in its temporary facilities at what had been Trinity College (now the East Campus) and purchased the house at 811 Vickers Avenue in Durham, North Carolina. The opening of the university year and the organization of the School of Religion engrossed me. A number of the faculty were strangers to each other. The dozen students who came had no precedents to guide them. The courses to be offered had not been Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

definitely decided. It was the purpose to organize a theological school, with a three-year course, on the graduate level. That gave us a general pattern. Dr. Soper and President Few had worked out a tentative curriculum which we adopted at the first faculty meeting. The Faculty engaged up to that date consisted of the following, in addition to President Few and Dean Edmond D. Soper: B. Harvie Branscomb, Paul N. Garber, and James Cannon III, who were taken over from the older staff of Trinity College; and Howard LeSourd, Allen H. Godbey, and myself, who were new to the community. The next year Gilbert T. Rowe and Franklin S. Hickman were added. In addition to these there were three members of the undergraduate department of religion: Professors H.E. Myers, J.M. Ormond, and Hershey E. Spence. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

Table of Altitudes

Yoda 2 ' 0 '' Lavinia Warren 2 ' 8 '' Tom Thumb, Jr. 3 ' 4 '' Lucy (Australopithecus Afarensis) 3 ' 8 '' Hervé Villechaize (“Fantasy Island”) 3 ' 11'' Charles Proteus Steinmetz 4 ' 0 '' Mary Moody Emerson per FBS (1) 4 ' 3 '' Alexander Pope 4 ' 6 '' Benjamin Lay 4 ' 7 '' Dr. Ruth Westheimer 4 ' 7 '' Gary Coleman (“Arnold Jackson”) 4 ' 8 '' Edith Piaf 4 ' 8 '' Queen Victoria with osteoporosis 4 ' 8 '' Linda Hunt 4 ' 9 '' Queen Victoria as adult 4 ' 10 '' Mother Teresa 4 ' 10 '' Margaret Mitchell 4 ' 10 '' length of newer military musket 4 ' 10'' Charlotte Brontë 4 ' 10-11'' Tammy Faye Bakker 4 ' 11'' Soviet gymnast Olga Korbut 4 ' 11'' jockey Willie Shoemaker 4 ' 11'' Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 4 ' 11'' Joan of Arc 4 ' 11'' Bonnie Parker of “Bonnie & Clyde” 4 ' 11'' Harriet Beecher Stowe 4 ' 11'' Laura Ingalls Wilder 4 ' 11'' a rather tall adult Pygmy male 4 ' 11'' Gloria Swanson 4 ' 11''1/2 Clara Barton 5 ' 0 '' Isambard Kingdom Brunel 5 ' 0 '' Andrew Carnegie 5 ' 0 '' Thomas de Quincey 5 ' 0 '' Stephen A. Douglas 5 ' 0 '' Danny DeVito 5 ' 0 '' HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

Immanuel Kant 5 ' 0 '' William Wilberforce 5 ' 0 '' Dollie Parton 5 ' 0 '' Mae West 5 ' 0 '' Pia Zadora 5 ' 0 '' 5 ' 0 '' Dred Scott 5 ' 0 '' (±) Captain William Bligh of HMS Bounty 5 ' 0 '' (±) Harriet Tubman 5 ' 0 '' (±) Mary Moody Emerson per FBS (2) 5 ' 0 '' (±) John Brown of Providence, Rhode Island 5 ' 0 '' (+) John Keats 5 ' 3/4 '' Debbie Reynolds (Carrie Fisher’s mother) 5 ' 1 '' Princess Leia (Carrie Fisher) 5 ' 1 '' Bette Midler 5 ' 1 '' Dudley Moore 5 ' 2 '' Paul Simon (of Simon & Garfunkel) 5 ' 2 '' Honore de Balzac 5 ' 2 '' Sally Field 5 ' 2 '' Jemmy Button 5 ' 2 '' Margaret Mead 5 ' 2 '' R. Buckminster “Bucky” Fuller 5 ' 2 '' Yuri Gagarin the astronaut 5 ' 2 '' William Walker 5 ' 2 '' Horatio Alger, Jr. 5 ' 2 '' length of older military musket 5 ' 2 '' 1 the artist formerly known as Prince 5 ' 2 /2'' 1 typical female of Thoreau's period 5 ' 2 /2'' Francis of Assisi 5 ' 3 '' Vol ta i re 5 ' 3 '' Mohandas Gandhi 5 ' 3 '' Sammy Davis, Jr. 5 ' 3 '' Kahlil Gibran 5 ' 3 '' Friend Daniel Ricketson 5 ' 3 '' The Reverend Gilbert White 5 ' 3 '' 5 ' 3 '' Sammy Davis, Jr. 5 ' 3 '' Truman Capote 5 ' 3 '' HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

Kim Jong Il (North Korea) 5 ' 3 '' Stephen A. “Little Giant” Douglas 5 ' 4 '' 5 ' 4 '' President James Madison 5 ' 4 '' Iosef Vissarionovich Dzugashvili “Stalin” 5 ' 4 '' Alan Ladd 5 ' 4 '' Pablo Picasso 5 ' 4 '' Truman Capote 5 ' 4 '' Queen Elizabeth 5 ' 4 '' Ludwig van Beethoven 5 ' 4 '' Typical Homo Erectus 5 ' 4 '' 1 typical Neanderthal adult male 5 ' 4 /2'' 1 Alan Ladd 5 ' 4 /2'' comte de Buffon 5 ' 5 '' (-) Captain Nathaniel Gordon 5 ' 5 '' Charles Manson 5 ' 5 '' Audie Murphy 5 ' 5 '' Harry Houdini 5 ' 5 '' Hung Hsiu-ch'üan 5 ' 5 '' 1 Marilyn Monroe 5 ' 5 /2'' 1 T.E. Lawrence “of Arabia” 5 ' 5 /2'' average runaway male American slave 5 ' 5-6 '' Charles Dickens 5 ' 6? '' President Benjamin Harrison 5 ' 6 '' President Martin Van Buren 5 ' 6 '' James Smithson 5 ' 6 '' Louisa May Alcott 5 ' 6 '' 1 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 5 ' 6 /2'' 1 Napoleon Bonaparte 5 ' 6 /2'' Emily Brontë 5 ' 6-7 '' Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 5 ' ? '' average height, seaman of 1812 5 ' 6.85 '' Oliver Reed Smoot, Jr. 5 ' 7 '' minimum height, British soldier 5 ' 7 '' President John Adams 5 ' 7 '' President John Quincy Adams 5 ' 7 '' President William McKinley 5 ' 7 '' “Charley” Parkhurst (a female) 5 ' 7 '' HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

Ulysses S. Grant 5 ' 7 '' Henry Thoreau 5 ' 7 '' 1 the average male of Thoreau's period 5 ' 7 /2 '' Edgar Allan Poe 5 ' 8 '' President Ulysses S. Grant 5 ' 8 '' President William H. Harrison 5 ' 8 '' President James Polk 5 ' 8 '' President Zachary Taylor 5 ' 8 '' average height, soldier of 1812 5 ' 8.35 '' 1 President Rutherford B. Hayes 5 ' 8 /2'' President Millard Fillmore 5 ' 9 '' President Harry S Truman 5 ' 9 '' 1 President 5 ' 9 /2'' 3 Herman Melville 5 ' 9 /4'' 5 ' 10'' Andrew Johnson 5 ' 10'' 5 ' 10'' Thomas Paine 5 ' 10'' Franklin Pierce 5 ' 10'' Abby May Alcott 5 ' 10'' Reverend Henry C. Wright 5 ' 10'' 1 Nathaniel Hawthorne 5 ' 10 /2'' 1 Louis “Deerfoot” Bennett 5 ' 10 /2'' 1 Friend John Greenleaf Whittier 5 ' 10 /2'' 1 President Dwight D. Eisenhower 5 ' 10 /2'' Sojourner Truth 5 ' 11'' President Grover Cleveland 5 ' 11'' President 5 ' 11'' President Woodrow Wilson 5 ' 11'' President Jefferson Davis 5 ' 11'' 1 President Richard Milhous Nixon 5 ' 11 /2'' Robert Voorhis the hermit of Rhode Island < 6 ' Frederick Douglass 6 ' (-) Anthony Burns 6 ' 0 '' Waldo Emerson 6 ' 0 '' Joseph Smith, Jr. 6 ' 0 '' David Walker 6 ' 0 '' Sarah F. Wakefield 6 ' 0 '' HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

Thomas Wentworth Higginson 6 ' 0 '' President James Buchanan 6 ' 0 '' President Gerald R. Ford 6 ' 0 '' President James Garfield 6 ' 0 '' President Warren Harding 6 ' 0 '' President John F. Kennedy 6 ' 0 '' President James Monroe 6 ' 0 '' President William H. Taft 6 ' 0 '' President John Tyler 6 ' 0 '' John Brown 6 ' 0 (+)'' President Andrew Jackson 6 ' 1'' Alfred Russel Wallace 6 ' 1'' President 6 ' 1'' 1 Venture Smith 6 ' 1 /2'' John Camel Heenan 6 ' 2 '' Crispus Attucks 6 ' 2 '' President Chester A. Arthur 6 ' 2 '' President George Bush, Senior 6 ' 2 '' President Franklin D. Roosevelt 6 ' 2 '' President George Washington 6 ' 2 '' HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

Gabriel Prosser 6 ' 2 '' Dangerfield Newby 6 ' 2 '' Charles Augustus Lindbergh 6 ' 2 '' 1 President 6 ' 2 /2'' 1 President Thomas Jefferson 6 ' 2 /2'' President Lyndon B. Johnson 6 ' 3 '' Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. 6 ' 3 '' 1 Richard “King Dick” Seaver 6 ' 3 /4'' President Abraham Lincoln 6 ' 4 '' Marion Morrison (AKA John Wayne) 6 ' 4 '' Elisha Reynolds Potter, Senior 6 ' 4 '' Thomas Cholmondeley 6 ' 4 '' (?) Franklin Benjamin Sanborn 6 ' 5 '' Peter the Great of Russia 6 ' 7 '' Giovanni Battista Belzoni 6 ' 7 '' Thomas Jefferson (the statue) 7 ' 6'' Jefferson Davis (the statue) 7 ' 7'' 1 Martin Van Buren Bates 7 ' 11 /2'' M. Bihin, a Belgian exhibited in Boston in 1840 8 ' Anna Haining Swan 8 ' 1'' HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1927

April : The Ryan Aeronautical Company of completed Charles Lindbergh’s plane and the pilot was able to take it up for test flights.

In the case of the shoemaker and the fish peddler Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, convicted of the murder of Alessandro Berardelli and Frederick A. Parmenter, a motion for a new trial based on new evidence was denied. ANARCHISM

DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD.

April 28, Thursday: João Ribeiro de Barros, João Negrão, Newton Braga, and Vasco Cinquini landed in São Paulo after flying a hydroplane across the Atlantic Ocean from Genoa, with touchdowns in Spain, Gibraltar, Cabo Verde, and Brazil.

May 12, Thursday: Charles Lindbergh arrived in New York, having flown across the entire country in his new plane, from San Diego, in less than 22 hours of flying time.

May 20, Friday, 7:52AM: Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field on Long Island. You’d suppose he had just gotten up from a nice long night of sleep, in preparation for this flight, but no, in fact he had not slept in almost 24 hours!

Laden with fuel, the plane was able to rise a mere 20 feet above the telephone wires at the end of the runway — which probably was the diciest point of the entire trip.

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

May 20, Friday, 8:52AM: Charles Lindbergh flew above Rhode Island at an altitude of 500 feet (Jerimoth Hill, by far the highest point in the state, is merely 812 feet above sea level). The air was still. Then, except for a bit of turbulence, the flight over Long Island Sound and Connecticut was similarly uneventful. –Only 3,500 miles and he would arrive at Paris.

May 20, Friday, 9:52AM: Boston lay behind Charles Lindbergh’s “Spirit of St. Louis” plane; Cape Cod was to the right. Altitude: 150 feet. Airspeed: 107 miles per hour. Wind velocity: 0 miles per hour.

May 20, Friday, 10:52AM: There was a breeze blowing from the NW at 10 miles per hour. Charles Lindbergh began to feel tired, although only four hours have passed since leaving New York. He flew within ten feet of the water to help keep his mind clear.

May 20, Friday, 11:52AM: Four hundred miles from New York. Altitude: 200 feet. Nova Scotia appeared ahead. After flying over the Gulf of Maine, the Spirit of St. Louis was only six miles, or 2 degrees, off course.

May 20, Friday, 12:52PM: Wind velocity had increased to 30 miles per hour. Charles Lindbergh flew over a mountain range. Clouds soon appeared and thickened as the Spirit of St. Louis approached a storm front.

May 20, Friday, 2:52PM: Altitude: 600 feet. Air speed: 96 miles per hour. Charles Lindbergh’s course took him away from the edge of the storm. Wind velocity had dropped to 15 miles per hour.

May 20, Friday, 3:52PM: The eastern edge of Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Island lay below. In minutes Charles Lindbergh would be over water again. Although it was only the afternoon of the first day, Lindbergh struggled to stay awake.

May 20, Friday, 5:52PM: Flying along the southern coast of Newfoundland. Altitude: 300 feet. Air speed: 92 miles per hour. Wind velocity: 20 miles per hour.

May 20, Friday, 7:52PM: Stars began to appear in the sky as night fell. The sea below was completely obscured by fog. Charles Lindbergh climbed from an altitude of 800 feet to 7500 feet to stay above the quickly-rising cloud. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

May 20, Friday, 8:52PM: Altitude: 10,000 feet. The cloud that first appeared as fog was still below. A thunderhead loomed ahead. Charles Lindbergh flew into the towering cloud, then turned back after noticing ice forming on the plane.

May 20, Friday, 10:52PM: Charles Lindbergh’s fight to keep his eyelids open continued. To keep warm, he considers closing the plane's windows, but then decided that he needed the cold, fresh air to help stay awake.

May 20, Friday, 11:52PM: Altitude: 10,000 feet. Air speed: 90 miles per hour. Five hundred miles from Newfoundland. The air had warmed and no ice remained on the plane.

May 21, Saturday, 1:52AM: Halfway to Paris. Eighteen hours into the flight. Instead of feeling as though he should celebrate (as he had planned), Charles Lindbergh felt only dread: Eighteen long hours to go.

May 21, Saturday, 2:52AM: Daylight! Because Charles Lindbergh has travelled through several time zones, dawn came earlier. The light revived the pilot for a while, but then drowsiness returned. He even dozed off, but only for a moment.

May 21, Saturday, 4:52AM: Flying in the fog. Charles Lindbergh continually fell asleep with his eyes open, then awakened seconds, possibly minutes, later. The pilot also began to hallucinate. Finally, after flying for hours in or above the fog, the skies began to clear.

May 21, Saturday, 7:52AM: Twenty-four hours had elapsed since taking off from New York. Charles Lindbergh did not feel as tired.

May 21, Saturday, 9:52AM: Charles Lindbergh spotted several small fishing boats below. He circled and flew by closely, hoping to yell for directions, but no fishermen appeared on the deck.

May 21, Saturday, 10:52AM: Local time: 3:00PM. Charles Lindbergh spotted land to his left and veered toward it. Referring to his charts, he identified the land to be the southern tip of Ireland. The Spirit of St. Louis was 2.5 hours ahead of schedule and less than three miles off course.

May 21, Saturday, 12:52PM: Wanting to reach the French coast in daylight, Charles Lindbergh increased air speed to 110 miles per hour. The English coast appeared ahead. The pilot was now wide awake.

May 21, Saturday, 2:52PM: The sun set as the Spirit of St. Louis flew over the coastal French town of Cherbourg. Only two hundred miles to Paris. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

May 21, Saturday, 4:22PM: The Spirit of St. Louis touched down at the Aerodrome near Paris. Local time: 10:22PM. Total flight time: 30 hrs, 30 min. Charles Lindbergh had not slept in 55 hours.

May 22, Sunday: A hero from Little Falls, Minnesota!

June 6, Monday: Clarence D. Chamberlin landed his Wright-powered Bellanca airplane at , Germany, bringing over the Atlantic Ocean Charles A. Levine, the 1st ever transatlantic air passenger. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

June 10, Friday: Charles Lindbergh returned to his homeland aboard the USS Memphis. The ship was accompanied up Chesapeake Bay by four destroyers, two army blimps, and 40 airplanes, and President Calvin Coolidge spoke a few words and draped the first Distinguished Flying Cross around his neck.

June 13, Monday: More than 4,000,000 people turned out in New York for events honoring Charles Lindbergh.

October 15, Saturday: Dieudonne Costes and Joseph le Brix landed their Breguet 19 at an airstrip in Brazil after having flown nonstop across the South Atlantic from Senegal.

December 13, Tuesday: Charles Lindbergh flew the “Spirit of St. Louis” nonstop from Washington DC to Mexico City in response to an invitation from the new US ambassador to Mexico, , to come and visit in an attempt to lessen the tensions between the two countries. While staying at the embassy for Christmas he would be meeting the ambassador’s daughters, one of whom was Anne Spencer Morrow. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1928

Spring: Charles Lindbergh flew the “Spirit of St. Louis” to Washington DC and donated it to the for permanent exhibition.

CHANGE IS ETERNITY, STASIS A FIGMENT

April 13, Friday: A German Junkers W33 monoplane landed on Greenly Island in , completing the 1st crossing of the Atlantic by air from east to west. The three men aboard were German Captain Herman Köhl, navigator Major James Fitzmaurice, and owner Ehrenfried Günther, Freiherr von Hünefeld. The 2,070-mile flight from Baldonnell near Dublin, Ireland had required 36½ hours.

May: Anne Spencer Morrow graduated from Smith College with two literary awards.

June 18, Monday: When Wilmer Stultz took on an airplane trip, most of the flight was on instruments Earhart had not learned to use. She would comment “I was just baggage, like a sack of potatoes. Maybe someday I’ll try it alone.”

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1929

May 27, Monday: Anne Spencer Morrow and Charles Lindbergh got married in a secret ceremony.

August 29, Thursday: Anne Morrow Lindbergh flew solo for the 1st time. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1930

Anne Morrow Lindbergh became the 1st US woman to be issued a glider pilot’s license. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1931

Anne Morrow Lindbergh was issued a private pilot’s license. She and Charles Lindbergh begin to plan a journey in the Lockheed “Sirius” to chart air routes via Canada and Alaska to China and Japan. She would later document their adventure in her 1st book, NORTH TO THE ORIENT. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

1932

March 1, Tuesday: The federal Bureau of Investigation initiated the international exchange of fingerprint data with crime agencies of friendly foreign governments, such as the of Germany. (Due to the course of events, this program would be halted in the late 1930s and not re-instituted until well after there had been a regime change of sorts in Germany.) HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

In New Jersey Betty Gow, the nurse of the Lindbergh family, at 6PM put Charles Lindbergh, Jr. in his crib. When she checked the crib at 10PM, the 20-month-old child was gone and there was a ransom note on the windowsill. HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

May 12, Thursday: Things had gotten so crazy in New Jersey that at one point the 2-year-old blonde, blue-eyed baby girl of a black family, noticed by the police playing in her family’s yard, was taken in along with the little girl’s fair-skinned black parents, as kidnap suspects (you see, the disparity in coloration between the child and its parents trumped, in the minds of these cops, the fact that the Lindbergh child was male and this suspicious- looking child female).

On this day, however, a truckdriver stopped to take a leak in some woods 4½ miles from the Lindbergh home reported seeing a dead baby. It was the Lindbergh child, badly decomposed, its skull bashed in (the corpse was positively identifiable because the child had suffered from a foot deformity).

May 20, Friday: Amelia Earhart left Harbour Grace, Newfoundland in her single-engine Lockheed Vega 5b in an attempt to duplicate Charles Lindbergh’s flight to Paris as the 1st female solo pilot (weather and an equipment problem would force her to set down in a pasture at Culmore north of Derry).

June 10, Friday: The house maid Violet Sharpe had been under heavy questioning by the police in the case of the and murder of Charles A. Lindbergh III. She had been discovered, suspiciously, to have $1,600 in her savings account despite a salary of merely $100 per month plus room and board and employment in the area for merely two years! She vowed to put up with no more of this. On this day, summoned to be again interrogated, she swallowed cyanide chloride used to take tarnish off her employer’s silverware. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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June 22, Wednesday: Charles A. Lindbergh III, a toddler, having been kidnapped and murdered, in response to this case and other highly newsworthy the US Congress enacted a Federal Kidnaping Act. The act gave the Bureau of Investigation authority to investigate kidnappings that hypothetically might involve the crossing of a state border (despite the fact that there was no suspicion whatever that the kidnapper, whoever he or she had been, had taken the Lindbergh boy, whose body was found nearby several months later, across FBI any state lines). HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1933

Summer: Anne Morrow Lindbergh and Charles Lindbergh began a 30,000-mile North Atlantic survey flight between North America and Europe. In Greenland an Inuit lad described their Sirius as “” meaning “flies like a big bird.” HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1935

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s NORTH TO THE ORIENT. She visited Minnesota for the first time with Charles Lindbergh.

The botanist A. Koehler demonstrated that a homemade wooden ladder used during the abduction of the Lindbergh baby had been made from the same wooden planks that had been used to floor Bruno Hauptmann’s attic. Hauptmann was convicted of murder. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1936

April 3, Friday: Bruno was electrocuted as the kidnapper and murderer of Charles Lindbergh III. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1938

Senator Harry S Truman helped draft the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938.

The 1st Volkswagen was assembled by hand with an air-cooled rear engine in , and the cornerstone of a new factory was put into position. This people’s car would not go into production for another decade — but eventually, delayed somewhat by a major war, some 18,000,000 would be being driven around.

Time Magazine made Führer its “Man of the Year” and wrote an appreciative profile of Der Führer. There was a special performance of Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony in honor of Hitler’s birthday. In Britain, the editor of the London Times, Geoffrey Dawson, had no doubt that an Anglo/German deal was vital for world peace. Hitler was presenting his invasions as defensive and humanitarian operations that were being necessitated by the threat posed to the 3rd Reich at home or to ethnic Germans abroad by evil locals in , Poland, Norway, etc. Gertrude Stein had been plumping for Hitler to be the recipient. “I say that Hitler ought to have the peace prize, because he is removing all the elements of contest and of struggle from Germany,” she had written in Magazine during May 1934. “By driving out the Jews and the democratic and left element, he is driving out everything that conduces to activity. That means peace.... By suppressing Jews ... he was ending struggle in Germany.”

The Nobel Peace Prize committee’s “Short List” for the gold medal was headed by Führer Adolf Hitler as civilization’s bulwark against Bolshevism — and by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi as the East’s proper response to Western imperialism — but in the end the good folks in Norway would “chicken out” and award their humongous prize less controversially, to the Nansen International Office for Refugees (Office International Nansen pour les Réfugiés), a soon-to-be-dispensed-with agency of the League of Nations.

ALFRED NOBEL HDT WHAT? INDEX

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Pearl “John Hedges” Sydenstricker Buck also received a Nobel. CHINA

Führer Hitler wasn’t the only guy who was doing national unity and the suppression of internal dissent during this period. When, a few years later, German troops would occupy the town of Vinnitsa in Russia, they would find any number of mass graves full of the corpses of Kulaks, small landowners, each one shot in the neck as an “enemy of the people” for not having embraced the collectivization policies of Iosef Vissarionovich Dzugashvili, known as “Stalin.” Local Ukrainians would tell them that from 1938 until their arrival the trucks had been coming and going day and night, bringing these Kulaks from NKVD prisons.

Anne Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s LISTEN! THE WIND. Charles Lindbergh’s Grosskreuz Des Ordens Vom Deutschenadler, presented to him by Hermann Goering at the suggestion of Führer Hitler. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1939

Fall: Charles Lindbergh let loose with his racist misgivings about the threat of a yellow horde out of Asia, led, presumably, by Soviet Russia. In a flood of speeches, interviews, and articles, he began to explain to the

American public why he thought that a fratricidal war with the European powers would be a grave mistake. He pointed out that “race is what binds us to Europe, not ideals.” What the white race needed to do right then was hang together in the face of this external threat.

At this point you might do well to familiarize yourself with Nazi/Soviet relations so that you will be able to appreciate how fulsomely our hero Lindy was embracing Nazi ideology, and transforming himself into the primary American spokesperson for the objectives of Nazi Germany: ARCHIVES OF GERMANY

The US, Germany, England, and France needed to forget their differences and stand together against the Asiatic hordes. Our maximum pilot had visited the Third Reich, which he kinda liked more or less, at least it HDT WHAT? INDEX

CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH

believed in airplanes, and he had seen the future — which did not belong to democracy.

The French “Yellow Book” would depict the French government’s behavior during the period from September 29, 1938 to September 3, 1939. READ THE FULL TEXT

WHAT I’M WRITING IS TRUE BUT NEVER MIND YOU CAN ALWAYS LIE TO YOURSELF

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

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JANUARY 1940

Early in the year: At about this point, John R. Kellam, whose principles about pacifism had not yet solidified but who was feeling distrustful about what was going on, joined the “America First” isolationist organization that was being led by aviation pioneer Charles Lindbergh and his wife Anne Morrow Lindbergh. WORLD WAR II

There’s a problem here of course. The Nazis liked airplanes because they represented technological progress toward the grand future of the human race, and because they represented power over others, both of which had been put down as Good Things in the Nazi book. Charles liked airplanes, so he liked those who liked airplanes, so he kinda liked those Nazis. (It wasn’t any more complicated than that, I fear.) In her book published during this year, THE WAVE OF THE FUTURE, Anne Morrow Lindbergh elaborated upon some of her husband’s public speeches in which he had declared in effect that democracy had been great while it had lasted, but was doomed. We might not exactly appreciate all these Nazis and Fascists and Communists, but they were the froth on the wave of the future. The future belonged to and to our doing as we are ordered. Since there’s no hope of resisting, we ought to realistically go with the flow of this, trying to make the best of it. Instead of simply embracing her husband Charles, Anne embraced also this half-bakedness. The world ought to try to do in regard to what she had herself learned to try to do in regard to her marriage, which was, to relax and enjoy it.

She encountered an extraordinarily hostile reception, from the sort of true blue Americans who had studied hard at the Nazi school and had learned very well that overcoming evil with greater evil is the only way to fly. Was Anne wrong? Well, we can all agree at least, that her attitude was not to become any part of any resolution of this conflict.

Consider how wrong Anne was, by comparing the extreme reaction she got with another sore spot in American history, President Theodore Roosevelt as a white racist. Teddy held out from his bully pulpit that African- Americans were “a perfectly stupid race.” “In the mass,” he held, they were “altogether inferior to the whites.” And what about war? War was merely a way to advance “the clear instinct for race selfishness,” which was a force for the improvement of humanity: The most ultimately righteous of all wars is a war with savages. So Teddy the Prex’y thought stupid and vicious thoughts and uttered stupid and vicious remarks. Did we ever lambaste him with mint sauce for this, the way we lambasted Anne Morrow Lindbergh with mint sauce? Nooooo, not really. So — what’s going on here, folks? HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1941

Joseph Raymond McCarthy accepted an officer’s commission in the United States Marine Corps. During World War II he would be in the Solomon Islands and Bougainville as an intelligence debriefer for a dive- bomber squadron. He would beg to go along on 12 missions as a “gunner/observer” and then aver falsely that

he had fired more bullets than any Marine in the history of the Corps (if any such bullets actually got fired, they would have fallen on islands already abandoned by the Japanese). He would leave the service after promotion to Captain. Later he would aver falsely that he had enlisted as a “buck private.” He would claim a “war wound,” that was due sometimes to an airplane crash and sometimes to antiaircraft fire — although the wound had been a foot bone, broken aboard a troop transport while being hazed for crossing the equator for the 1st time. He would forge a “letter of recommendation” for himself, which he would claim had been signed by his commanding officer and then countersigned by Chief of Naval Operations Chester W. Nimitz. He would achieve a Distinguished Flying Cross by claiming falsely to have flown 32 combat missions.

UNAMERICANISM MCCARTHYISM At a monster “America First” rally at Madison Square Garden in New-York, another recipient of the Distinguished Flying Cross, Charles Lindbergh, was urging us to decline to join in Britain’s struggle against our friend Der Führer Adolf Hitler. (In all probability at this point Chuck was being sincere — for he hadn’t yet met the German and Russian mistresses by whom he would be producing a number of illegitimate HDT WHAT? INDEX

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children.) WORLD WAR II

April: Inauguration of naval patrols in the Atlantic Ocean to detect German submarines and report their locations to British warships. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt gave the US Navy permission to attack German submarines west of 25 degrees longitude.

Charles Lindbergh resigned his commission in the Army Air Corps (after Pearl Harbor he would regret this but President Franklin Delano Roosevelt would instruct Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson that he was not to be reinstated).

American workers were dispatched to Northern Ireland to construct a naval base. WORLD WAR II HDT WHAT? INDEX

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September 11, Thursday: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt ordered the US Navy to destroy any German or Italian war vessel in the self-proclaimed defense zone threatening either United States shipping or any ships under US escort.

It was formally announced to the general public that following the USS Greer incident of September 4th, America’s warships had been placed under standing orders to fire upon any German submarines they might be able to detect. WORLD WAR II

In England a cryptological official suggested that, since it was already “sufficiently well appreciated” that the Germans as they invaded the USSR were “killing all Jews that fall into their hands” — it would not be worth their while for intelligence personnel to collect further information on such activities.

In a radio broadcast from an “America First” rally in Des Moines, “Who Are the War Agitators?,” Charles Lindbergh described American Jews as alien warmongers indifferent to America’s interests, selfishly pushing us real Americans toward a pointless war against their enemy the Nazis: ...the three most important groups which have been pressing this country towards war were the British, the Jewish and the Roosevelt Administration. No person of honesty and vision can look on [the Jews’] pro-war policy here today without seeing the dangers involved in such a policy both for us and for them.... A few farsighted Jewish people realize this and stand opposed to intervention. But the majority still do not.... We cannot blame them for looking out for what they believe to be their own interests, but we must also look out for ours. We cannot allow the natural passions and prejudices of other peoples to lead our country to destruction. (Refer to the 27-page factual appendix to ’s ANTISEMITISM

historical novel .) HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1942

The Japanese invaded the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) and British India.

The Tuskegee Airmen all-black 99th Fighter Squadron was formed.

Friend Bayard Rustin was dispatched to California by the Fellowship of Reconciliation of the American Friends Service Committee, to help protect the property of Japanese-Americans while they were being held in camps in the inland deserts.

Friend Floyd Schmoe attempted to prevent the of Japanese-Americans who were being removed from their Seattle WA homes and shipped off to internment camps in Idaho. When attempts to prevent the failed, he gave up the teaching of forest ecology at the University of Washington in order to do what he could to help make this internment less harsh. He would help to preserve the businesses that the Japanese citizens had been forced to leave behind. Before the end of World War II the daughter Esther Schmoe would get married with Gordon K. Hirabayashi. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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January: Although after Pearl Harbor Charles Lindbergh would come to regret that he had resigned his commission in the Army Air Corps, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt would instruct Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson that he was not to be reinstated.

Untersturmführer Dr. Josef Mengele joined the Waffen SS’s Viking Division medical corps. He would receive the Iron Cross, 1st Class by pulling two soldiers out of a burning tank while under enemy fire, the Medal for the Care of the German People, and, wounded, the Black Badge for the Wounded. WORLD WAR II HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1944

Lyndon LaRouche, Jr. had at first during World War II been a “CO” or Conscientious Objector, but at this point he enlisted. He would serve in US Army medical units in India and Burma.

At a dinner sponsored by the War Resisters League, Milton Sanford Mayer, although a conscientious objector, denied that this amounted to being a “pacifist.” He would promote the need for a moral revolution of anti- materialism in his regular monthly column in the Progressive, a column he would continue for the remainder of his life.

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s THE STEEP ASCENT.

In the war stories told by Joseph R. McCarthy, he had flown 14 bombing runs over enemy territory. That must have been so brave.

UNAMERICANISM MCCARTHYISM HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1948

August 23, Monday: Charles Lindbergh’s OF FLIGHT AND LIFE. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1950

Technologies such as long-range missiles, computer systems, electronic controls, combustion chemistry, and new composite structures were made possible by the aerospace industry.

During the early 1950s, after Charles Lindbergh, quarreling with her for seeking psychotherapy, moved out of her bedroom, Anne Morrow Lindbergh, mother of his five surviving children, got herself an apartment and effectively separated from her famous husband. She would have a 3-year affair with her personal physician, Dr. Dana Winslow Atchley, Professor of Clinical Medicine at Columbia Medical Center. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1952

Professor Selman Waksman was awarded the in Physiology or Medicine. Here you can see Professor Waksman hard at work in 23-year-old grad student Albert Schatz’s basement lab (a dangerous place the good professor had never visited), actively pretending to discover Streptomycin, the 1st HDT WHAT? INDEX

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antibiotic active against the terrifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

In this year Senator Joseph Raymond McCarthy would refer to Secretary of Defense George Catlett Marshall, who would be awarded a Nobel Peace Prize, as a traitor for having “lost China,” and call for the impeachment of President Harry S Truman as not only a “son-of-a-bitch” but also an inebriate. He would aver, falsely, that Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson had been endorsed by the American Communist newspaper, the Daily Worker. By claiming, falsely, that he had flown 32 missions during World War II, the Senator would collect HDT WHAT? INDEX

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for himself a Distinguished Flying Cross.1

Senator McCarthy’s MCCARTHYISM, THE FIGHT FOR AMERICA, which was largely composed by his bride Jean Kerr McCarthy with the help of J.B. Matthews and Ruth Matthews.

Reinhold Niebuhr’s THE IRONY OF AMERICAN HISTORY (Charles Scribner’s Sons).

“A too confident sense of justice always leads to injustice.” — Reinhold Niebuhr, THE IRONY OF AMERICAN HISTORY Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1952, Chapter 7 READ THE FULL TEXT 1. This medal has been awarded some 83 times, to folks such as Charles Lindbergh. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1954

April 7, Wednesday: In a private ceremony in Washington DC, Charles Lindbergh was sworn in as a Brigadier General. He would serve on a congressional commission to select a permanent location for the United States Air Force Academy. He would add even more to his prestige later in the year when he completed his autobiography, THE SPIRIT OF ST. LOUIS, a book that would become an overwhelming bestseller and receive the . (All this was before it became abundantly clear to all of us that Lindbergh had been, rather than an honorable “isolationist,” actually a Nazi sympathizer, desiring that the United States of America ally itself with the in hostility to the Allied Powers.) HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1955

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s GIFT FROM THE SEA, a book about love and marriage, youth and aging, inspired by seashells found on the beach at Sanibel/Captiva Island, Florida. This would become a national best-seller and remain her best-known work.

The following is by Susan Hertog, who is now claiming that the reading of this particular book GIFT FROM THE SEA has changed the entire course of her life:

Some critics compared Anne’s book to WALDEN, hailing her as a female counterpart to Henry David Thoreau, but Anne’s philosophy challenges his individualism. Thoreau believed that the state derived its power and authority from the individual, who was free to break its laws at will. True to the Morrow ethic, the premise of Anne’s philosophy is the sacredness of the whole — the inviolability of family, community, and state. Anne validates the supremacy of law over individual will on the assumption that it represents the common good. Both Anne Lindbergh and Henry David Thoreau confirm the lessons of nature in a mechanical age and the divinity of self-revelation through meditation. But Anne’s solitude, unlike Thoreau’s, had a singular purpose — to enrich and consecrate her relationships. Family, community, and the state — these were the institutions that exalted one’s humanity. To live for oneself alone was the HDT WHAT? INDEX

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stuff of “sin.” This Susan Hertog ought to have read WALDEN before creating such a paragraph — reading WALDEN might not have been enough to change the course of her life, but it would certainly have changed the course of this paragraph. A reading of WALDEN might, for instance, have taught her how to think, that is, how to distance herself from such inventive preposterous dichotomies as this one between the sacredness of the individual and the sacredness of the collectivity. Also, Hertog ought to have learned a thing or two about Thoreau’s life before she dismissed the man in such a manner. Had she known a thing or two about the actual person, surely she could not have set up such an easy dichotomy! It most definitely is a canard to allege that Thoreau believed the individual to be free to break the law at will. He believed, flat out, in routinely and punctually obeying the law of the land whenever and wherever it was ethical so to do. It is false, and an insult, that Thoreau ever attempted to live for himself alone, or contemplated making such an attempt, and if we could telephone his mother or his sisters or his brother or his father in Heaven so that we could ask them about this, they would agree with me that there is no disputing this.

Susan Hertog is the author of a 1999 biography of Anne Morrow Lindbergh. Seeing the ill-formed prejudices of the above excerpted quotation, from page 434 of it, make me reluctant even to hold such an attempt in my hand. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1956

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s THE UNICORN AND OTHER POEMS 1935-1955. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1957

At the age of 55 Charles Lindbergh began an extramarital liaison with Brigitte Hesshaimer, a 32-year-old hat maker in München. He would be known locally as “Mr. Careu Kent” and this tall visitor would spend five to fourteen days with this 2d family each year until his death (quite recently the three have been able to confirm rumors of their parentage by submitting samples for DNA testing). Lindbergh would also form a sexual liaison with Brigitte’s sister Marietta, by whom he would sire two children (and with a Russian woman, Valeska, by whom he would sire another two):

Charles Lindbergh’s and Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s children: • 1930 Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr. • 1932 • 1937 Land Morrow Lindbergh • 1940 Anne Spencer Lindbergh (Perrin) • 1942 Scott Lindbergh • 1945 Reeve Lindbergh (Brown)

The children of “Careu Kent” with Brigitte Hesshaimer: • 1958 Dyrk Hesshaimer • Astrid Hesshaimer Bouteuil • David Hesshaimer

His children with Marietta Hesshaimer: • Vago Hesshaimer • 1967 Christoph Hesshaimer

His children with Valeska (surname unknown): • 1959 a son (name unknown) • 1961 a daughter (name unknown) HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1958

The US established its principal seed bank, the National Seed Storage Laboratory, at Fort Collins in Colorado, where over 250,000 seed samples are maintained. This is one of the 19 seed-storage facilities in the US that constitute the National Plant Germplasm System.

Charles Lindbergh, or “Careu Kent,” had a child named Dyrk Hesshaimer with a German mistress, Brigitte Hesshaimer. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1959

Charles Lindbergh had a child with a Russian mistress, Valeska (surname unknown). HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1961

The Berlin Wall was built.

Charles Lindbergh had another child with his Russian mistress Valeska (surname unknown). He began a series of global trysts with a blonde and blue-eyed stewardess in her early 20s.

Lucky Lindy gets lucky yet again HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1962

Charles Lindbergh became increasingly interested in the impact that civilization was having on the earth and its wilderness areas, indigenous tribes, and wildlife.

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s DEARLY BELOVED. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1964

July: Charles Lindbergh made his debut as a conservationist in a Reader’s Digest piece “Is Civilization Progress?” By this point such concerns were taking up practically all of his reading and writing time. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1967

Charles Lindbergh and the sister Marietta of his German mistress Brigitte Hesshaimer had another child, Christoph Hesshaimer. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1969

Anne Morrow Lindbergh’s EARTH SHINE.

Summer: Charles Lindbergh began building a home on in the Hawaiian Islands.

William Jefferson Clinton went to see Colonel Willard A. Hawkins, who according to the Los Angeles Times happened to be “the only person in Arkansas with authority to rescind a draft notice.” VIETNAM [I] never received any unusual or favorable treatment. Gosh, he’s a young man of such promise. It would be a shame to waste him.

I did not have sex with that woman — Monica Lewinsky. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1970

Anne Morrow Lindbergh was awarded an honorary Doctor of Letters degree by her alma mater, Smith College. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1972

October: During a routine examination, Charles Lindbergh’s doctor discovered an abnormal node that turned out to be cancerous.

Although George W. Bush was paid for two days service during this month, we have no idea at all what this was about. Surely he must have done something for his country. HDT WHAT? INDEX

ANNE MORROW LINDBERGH CHARLES AUGUSTUS LINDBERGH

1973

January: At the end of the month Charles Lindbergh underwent radiation therapy for cancer. He would recuperate in . He made all arrangements for a burial plot 30 feet wide near his home.

During this month fighter pilot George W. Bush was paid for serving his nation for a total of six days. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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1974

August 26, day: Charles Lindbergh died in Hawaii. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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2001

February 7, Wednesday: Anne Morrow Lindbergh died at her 2d home in Vermont.

“MAGISTERIAL HISTORY” IS FANTASIZING, HISTORY IS CHRONOLOGY

Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

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COPYRIGHT NOTICE: In addition to the property of others, such as extensive quotations and reproductions of images, this “read-only” computer file contains a great deal of special work product of Austin Meredith, copyright 2014. Access to these interim materials will eventually be offered for a fee in order to recoup some of the costs of preparation. My hypercontext button invention which, instead of creating a hypertext leap through hyperspace —resulting in navigation problems— allows for an utter alteration of the context within which one is experiencing a specific content already being viewed, is claimed as proprietary to Austin Meredith — and therefore freely available for use by all. Limited permission to copy such files, or any material from such files, must be obtained in advance in writing from the “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project, 833 Berkeley St., Durham NC 27705. Please contact the project at .

“It’s all now you see. Yesterday won’t be over until tomorrow and tomorrow began ten thousand years ago.” – Remark by character “Garin Stevens” in William Faulkner’s INTRUDER IN THE DUST

Prepared: July 11, 2014 HDT WHAT? INDEX

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ARRGH AUTOMATED RESEARCH REPORT

GENERATION HOTLINE

This stuff presumably looks to you as if it were generated by a human. Such is not the case. Instead, someone has requested that we pull it out of the hat of a pirate who has grown out of the shoulder of our pet parrot “Laura” (as above). What these chronological lists are: they are research reports compiled by ARRGH algorithms out of a database of modules which we term the Kouroo Contexture (this is data mining). To respond to such a request for information we merely push a button. HDT WHAT? INDEX

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Commonly, the first output of the algorithm has obvious deficiencies and we need to go back into the modules stored in the contexture and do a minor amount of tweaking, and then we need to punch that button again and recompile the chronology — but there is nothing here that remotely resembles the ordinary “writerly” process you know and love. As the contents of this originating contexture improve, and as the programming improves, and as funding becomes available (to date no funding whatever has been needed in the creation of this facility, the entire operation being run out of pocket change) we expect a diminished need to do such tweaking and recompiling, and we fully expect to achieve a simulation of a generous and untiring robotic research librarian. Onward and upward in this brave new world.

First come first serve. There is no charge. Place requests with . Arrgh.