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USAF's New Take on Training SERE Trainers B-21 Raider Comes Multi-capable Airmen48 | All-Electric Aircraft41 |Lindbergh’s Record Flight 56 into Focus | 35 SURVIVORS USAF’s New Take on Training SERE Trainers |34 March 2021 $8 Published by the Air Force Association EXTENDING THE POWER OF A LEGEND Image courtesy of www.af.mil Maximum B-52 readiness with COLLINS NACELLES AND STRUTS reduced maintenance • Modernized for new engines • Proven nacelle technology For nearly 70 years, every B-52 variant has flown with our • Maximum fleet readiness proven technology. And today, our modernized nacelles and • Reduced maintenance struts are more capable than ever – protecting engines and • Demonstrated on every B-52 variant optimizing airflow – with reduced maintenance. Nobody knows B-52’s nacelles and struts better than Collins Aerospace and we stand ready to support this legend for decades to come. Learn more by visiting collinsaerospace.com/b-52 © 2020 Collins Aerospace CA_8528_B-52_Aero_PowerofaLegend_AirForceMagazine.indd 1 9/18/20 4:31 PM Client: Collins Aerospace - Military Ad Title: B52 Power of a Legend Filepath: /Volumes/GoogleDrive/Shared drives/Collins Aerospace 2020/_Collins Aerospace Ads/_Military/B-52_Power of a Legend /4c Ads/CA_8528_B-52_Aero_AirForceMagazine.indd Publication: Air Force Magazine - October Trim: 8.125” x 10.875” • Bleed: 8.375” x 11.125” • Live: 7.375” x 10.125” STAFF Publisher Bruce A. Wright Editor in Chief Tobias Naegele March 2021 Vol. 104, No. 3 Managing Editor Juliette Kelsey Joby Aviation Chagnon DEPARTMENTS FEATURES Joby Aviation Editorial Director 2 Editorial: Go All In eVTOL aircraft John A. Tirpak 16 Q&A: Humans in the Loop has six rotors By Tobias Naegele News Editor and seats five, John A. Tirpak talks one-on-one with USAF Chief Scien- Amy McCullough 6 Letters including the tist Richard Joseph about the future of S&T, emerging pilot. It can take Assistant Managing Editor 7 Index to game-changing technologies, and how humans will figure in o vertically, like Advertisers future aerospace ventures. a helicopter, and Chequita Wood then shift into Senior Designer 8 Airframes forward flight Dashton Parham 34 Cracking the Code using tilt-rotors. Pentagon Editor 18 Strategy & Policy: See “Prime In- by Amy McCullough vestments,” p. 41. Brian W. Everstine The Austin Era USAF looks to push more Survival, Evasion, Resistance Digital Platforms Editor 20 Verbatim instructors through the pipeline as focus shifts to great Jennifer-Leigh power competition. 22 World: New Space Oprihory Force ranks; USAF Senior Editor Chief of Sta Gen. 37 The Raider Comes Out of the Black Rachel S. Cohen Charles Q. Brown Jr. Production by John A. Tirpak on the electromag- Manager netic spectrum; The Air Force is progressing to roll out and first flight, as the Eric Chang Lee KC-46 fixes; and Air Force wrestles with how many to buy. Photo Editor much more Mike Tsukamoto 31 Faces of the Force 41 Prime Investments 62 AFA in Action by Rachel S. Cohen Contributors Mitchell The Air Force is betting on emerging technologies, hoping Doug Birkey, John T. Correll, Institute Aerospace that commercial potential translates into military usefulness. Advantage podcasts David A. Deptula, Jennifer Hlad 63 Heroes and 45 Know Thy Enemy Leaders: Jimmy Doolittle by Amy McCullough ON THE COVER USAF wants Airmen to develop a deeper understanding of China and other adversaries. ADVERTISING: 48 Swiss Air Force Knives Kirk Brown by Brian W. Everstine Director, Media Multiple-capable Airmen are the key to Agile Combat Solutions 703.247.5829 Employment. Here’s how the Air Force is trying to make the KellySenior Airman Willett/ANG [email protected] force less specialized. Alaska ANG Tech. Sgt. Matthew O’Brien during SUBSCRIBE 51 Air, Space, and the Biden Administration SERE training. & SAVE See “Cracking the Subscribe to by David A. Deptula and Doug Birkey Code,” p. 34. Air Force Magazine Priorities for the Pentagon’s new leadership must begin with and save big o air and space power. the cover price, plus get a free membership 56 Lone Eagle to the Air Force by John T. Correll Association. Over the open ocean, Lindbergh struggled to stay alert. He 1-800-727-3337 had not slept for more than two days. Air Force Magazine (ISSN 0730-6784) March 2021 (Vol. 104, No. 3) is published monthly, except for two double issues in January/February and June/July, by the Air Force Asso- ciation, 1501 Lee Highway, Arlington, VA 22209-1198. Phone (703) 247-5800. Periodical postage paid at Arlington, Va., and additional mailing o ices. Membership Rate: $50 per year; $35 e-Membership; $125 for three-year membership. Subscription Rate: $50 per year; $29 per year additional for postage to foreign addresses (except Canada and Mexico, which are $10 per year additional). Regular issues $8 each. USAF Almanac issue $18 each. Change of address requires four weeks’ notice. Please include mailing label. POST- MASTER: Send changes of address to Air Force Association, 1501 Lee Highway, Arlington, VA 22209-1198. Publisher assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Trademark registered by Air Force Association. Copyright 2021 by Air Force Association. MARCH AIRFORCEMAG.COM EDITORIAL By Tobias Naegele Go All In ecisions have consequences. Planning inevitably means center of gravity, as control of territory was critical to the group’s making choices, and while some choices can be revisited strategy,” it accepts without question that “strategic air strikes Dlater, the cost is almost always greater after the fact. against ISIS’s oil business and its cash reserves … were a small Case in point: The F-35 Lightning II. All who fly this exceptional part of the overall air operations.” stealth jet extol its virtues. But critics rage over its sustainment There’s the rub: If strikes had been designed for strategic cost. The engines run so hot the special coatings on their turbine eects, this war would not have dragged on for five years. blades are burning o, creating a sudden and severe shortage To learn this lesson, we must ask the right questions. We won of F-35 engines. World War II because, despite political divisions, we were fully The F-35 was originally supposed to have an alternative to committed to victory and our leaders demanded unconditional the Pratt & Whitney F135 engine, but the Pentagon canceled it, surrender—no matter the cost. We stalled in Korea and later gave even though it had cleared all its technical hurdles. Now, if we up in Vietnam because leaders lacked that commitment to win. could rewind the clock, we’d choose dierently. Today, as we approach the 20th anniversary of 9/11, we must Similarly, then-Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates chose ask ourselves if we haven’t experienced the same thing over to cut short the purchase of F-22s because he deemed the jets two decades of war in Afghanistan and Iraq. Unlike Vietnam, the too “exquisite” for dropping bombs on insurgents. This, too, was public doesn’t blame our troops for the failed military strategy. shortsighted. Within a decade, the National Defense Strategy But like that war, presidents from both major political parties would identify China and Russia as the chief threats to U.S. have taken turns as commander in chief without changing the interests around the globe, and stealth platforms like the F-22 central strategy or outcome. as critical to countering that threat. By then, however, it was too What if we had taken a dierent tack? late to buy more F-22s. Now, we face a yawning gap between Rand acknowledges that constraints on air power and the the force we have and the force we need. lack of air power expertise at the top of the command chain We didn’t build enough B-1Bs or B-2s, either, which is why were issues, but the authors decline to speculate how that might we’re still flying B-52s from the dawn of the jet have played out dierently. Instead, they as- age. We didn’t build enough C-17s and even It should not have taken sert that a lack of targeting intelligence kept though they’re the most flexible of transports, commanders from making better use of air there’s no way to build more. The Air Force wait- longer to defeat ISIS in power early in the war because so little was ed too long to develop and buy a new tanker the desert than Germany known about ISIS. and though the KC-46 issues will eventually and Japan in World War II. Here, Operation Desert Storm oers a shakeout, the lack of alternatives makes the worthwhile comparison. In those days before wait even more galling. ISR drones, timely overhead intelligence was There are tactical and strategic implications for these past nonexistent. Yet our strategic air campaign delivered victory in decisions. One problem is that war games are fungible. Main - just 43 days. If only Rand had compared these two conflicts. tenance problems can be imagined away. Those assumptions Then we might have learned something. come back to haunt you when breakdowns leave commanders Against ISIS, the United States waged war on the cheap. The air short of airplanes in combat. campaign flew less than one third as many sorties in the opening War strategies, too, must be examined with hindsight. A new weeks against ISIS as it did in the 1995 air campaign against the report from the Rand Corp. examines the role of air power in the Serbs in Bosnia. We lacked eort. From August 2014 to July 2016, campaign against the Islamic State in Syria, or ISIS. “Air power we averaged just six U.S. strike sorties per day. Finally, our fear was indispensable to defeating ISIS,” the report declares, but of civilian casualties reached an illogical extreme.
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