LAB HANDOUT External Morphology of the Brainstem

☆LAB HANDOUT

External Morphology of the Brainstem Anterior, lateral view Medulla oblongata □ Pyramid 3-1,3-3,3-7,5-4,7-1,8-2,8-3,8-4,8-5,8-6 □ Pyramidal decussation 3-1 □ Olive 3-1,3-3,3-7 □ Tuberculum cinereum 3-1,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7 □ Anterior median fissure 3-1(ventral median fissure) □ Anterolateral sulcus 3-1(preolivary sulcus) □ CN ⅩⅡ (hypoglossal nerve) 3-1,3-3,8-2,8-4 □ Posterolateral sulcus 3-1(postolivary sulcus) □ CN Ⅸ (glossopharyngeal nerve) 3-1,3-4,3-5,3-6,8-6 □ CN Ⅹ (vagus nerve) 3-1,3-4,3-5,3-6 □ CN ⅩⅠ (accessory nerve) 3-1,3-4,3-5,3-6,5-3 □ Pontomedullary junction □ CN Ⅵ (abducens nerve) 1-6,3-1,3-3,7-1 □ CN Ⅶ (facial nerve) 1-6,3-1,7-1,8-7 □ CN Ⅷ (vestibulocochlear nerve) 1-6,3-1,3-3 Pons □ Basilar sulcus

1 □ Basilar artery 1-6 □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2 □ Middle cerebellar peduncle 1-6,3-1,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2 □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2,6-1,6-2,7-1,7-2,7-3 □ CN Ⅴ (trigeminal nerve) 3-1,3-3,3-4,7-2 Midbrain □ Crus cerebri (Cerebral peduncle) 3-1,3-3,3-5,3-6,6-1,6-2,6-3,6-4,9-1 □ Pontomesencephalic junction □ CN Ⅲ (oculomotor nerve) 1-6,6-2,6-3 □ Interpeduncular fossa 3-1,6-1 □ Posterior perforated substance □ Mammillary body 1-2,3-1,6-3,6-4

Posterior view

□ Posterior median sulcus 3-5(dorsal median sulcus) □ Posterior intermediate sulcus □ Cuneate tubercle 3-4,3-5,3-6,5-4 □ Fasciculus cuneatus 3-5,3-6,8-1,8-2 □ Gracile tubercle 3-4,3-5,3-6 □ Fasciculus gracilis 3-5,3-6,8-1,8-2,8-3 □ Anterior (superior) medullary velum 3-2,3-6,4-1(superior medullary lamina),7-2 □ Posterior (inferior) medullary velum

2 □ Fourth ventricle 1-2,3-2,3-7,7-2,8-5,8-6 □ Rhomboid fossa □ Median sulcus □ Sulcus limitans 3-4,3-5,3-6 □ Obex 3-5 □ Striae medullares 8-4,8-6 □ Vestibular area 3-4,3-5,3-6 □ Facial colliculus 3-5,3-6 □ Hypoglossal trigone 3-5,3-6 □ Vagal trigone 3-5,3-6 □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2 □ Middle cerebellar peduncle 1-6,3-1,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2 □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2,6-1,6-2,7-1,7-2,7-3 □ Foramen of Magendie (median aperature) □ Foramen of Luschka (lateral aperature) □ Superior colliculus 1-2,3-2,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,6-2,6-3,6-4 □ Brachium of the superior colliculus 3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6 □ Inferior colliculus 1-2,3-2,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,6-1,6-2,6-3 □ Brachium of the inferior colliculus 3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6 □ Lateral geniculate body 3-7,6-3,6-4 □ Medial geniculate body 3-5,3-6,3-7,6-3,6-4 □ CN Ⅳ (trochlear nerve) 3-1,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,6-1,7-3

3 External Morphology of the Spinal Cord

□ Cervical enlargement □ Lumbrosacral enlargement □ Conus medullaris 5-2 □ Filum terminale 5-2 □ Cauda equina 5-2 □ Posterior median sulcus 5-1 □ Dorsal column □ Fasciculus gracilis □ Posterior intermediate sulcus □ Fasciculus cuneatus □ Posterolateral sulcus □ Posterior root □ Spinal (dorsal root) ganglion 5-2 □ Anterior median fissure 5-1(ventral median fissure) □ Anterior root 5-3 External Morphology of the Cerebellum

Superior surface

□ Superior vermis 4-1,4-3,4-4 □ Hemisphere 4-2

4 □ Primary fissure 3-2,4-3,4-4 □ Anterior lobe 3-2,4-1,4-3,4-4 □ Posterior lobe 3-2,4-4

Inferior surface

□ Inferior vermis 4-2,4-3 □ Posterior lobe 3-2 □ Dorsolateral fissure 4-1 □ Flocculonodular lobe □ Nodule 3-2,4-1 □ Flocculus 3-1,4-1,4-2 □ Tonsil 3-2,4-3,4-4 □ Anterior (superior) medullary velum 3-2,3-6,4-1(superior medullary lamina),7-2 □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2 □ Middle cerebellar peduncle 1-6,3-1,3-3,3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2, □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 3-4,3-5,3-6,3-7,4-1,4-2,6-1,6-2,7-1,7-2,7-3 □ Dentate nucleus □ Emboliform nucleus □ Globose nucleus □ Fastigial nucleus External Morphology of the Cerebrum

5 Lateral view

□ Frontal pole 1-1 □ Occipital pole 1-1 □ Temporal pole 1-1 □ Longitudinal fissure 1-4 □ Central sulcus 1-1 □ Lateral sulcus 1-1 □ Parietooccipital sulcus 1-2 □ Preoccipital notch 1-1 □ Insula (2-1 ?) □ Short gyri □ Long gyri □ Limen insulae

□ Frontal lobe 1-1 □ Superior frontal gyrus 1-1、1-4 □ Superior frontal sulcus 1-1、1-4 □ Middle frontal gyrus 1-1、1-4 □ Inferior frontal sulcus 1-1 □ Inferior frontal gyrus 1-1 □ Pars opercularis 1-1 □ Pars triangularis 1-1

6 □ Pars orbitalis 1-1 □ Precentral sulcus (1-1) □ Precentral gyrus 1-1 □ Orbital gyri 1-6 □ Olfactory sulcus (被遮住) □ Straight gyrus (1-6，即 rectal gyrus) □ Parietal lobe 1-1 □ Postcentral gyrus 1-1 □ Postcentral sulcus (1-1) □ Superior parietal lobule 1-1 □ Intraparietal sulcus 1-1 □ Supramarginal gyrus 1-1 □ Angular gyrus 1-1 □ Occipital lobe 1-1 □ Occipital gyri 1-1 □ Cuneus 1-2 □ Calcarine sulcus 1-2 □ Lingual gyrus □ Temporal lobe 1-1 □ Superior temporal gyrus 1-1 □ Superior temporal sulcus 1-1 □ Middle temporal gyrus 1-1 □ Inferior temporal sulcus 1-1

7 □ Inferior temporal gyrus 1-1 □ Occipitotemporal sulcus 1-6 □ Occipitotemporal gyrus (1-6) □ Collateral sulcus (腹面、將小腦移去) □ Rhinal sulcus (腹面、將小腦移去) □ Parahippocampal gyrus 1-6 □ Uncus 1-6

Medial view

□ Paracentral sulcus (1-2、沒標出) □ Marginal sulcus (1-2、沒標出) □ Subparietal sulcus (1-2、沒標出) □ Precuneus 1-2 □ Cingulate sulcus (1-2) □ Cingulate gyrus 1-2 □ Sulcus of corpus callosum (1-2、沒標出) □ Corpus callosum 1-2、1-3 □ Rostrum 1-2 □ Genu 1-3 □ Body 1-3、1-2 □ Splenium 1-2 □ Paraterminal gyri ? □ Parolfactory gyri ?

8 □ Lamina terminalis (1-2) □ Anterior commissure (1-2) □ Posterior commissure 1-2 □ Septum pellucidum 1-2 □ Fornix 1-2、1-3 □ Column 1-3 □ Body 1-3 □ Crus 1-3 □ Third ventricle 1-2 □ Interventricular foramen 1-3 □ Thalamus 1-2 □ Massa intermedia 1-2 □ Hypothalamus (1-2)

Ventral view

□ Olfactory bulb 1-6 □ Olfactory tract 1-6 □ Medial and lateral olfactory striae (1-6) □ Olfactory trigone (1-6) □ Anterior perforated substance (1-6) □ Optic nerve 1-6 □ Optic chiasma 1-6 □ Optic tract 1-6

9 □ Infundibulum 1-6 □ Mammillary body 1-2、(1-6?) □ Posterior perforated substance

Blood supply (no figures)

□ Internal carotid artery □ Anterior cerebral artery □ Anterior communicating artery □ Middle cerebral artery □ Anterior choroidal artery □ Posterior communicating artery 1-6 □ Posterior cerebral artery □ Superior cerebellar artery □ Basilar artery 1-6 □ Pontine arteries □ Anterior inferior cerebellar artery □ Labyrinthine artery □ Vertebral artery □ Posterior inferior cerebellar artery □ Posterior spinal artery □ Anterior spinal artery

10 BRAIN SLICES Saggital Section □ Corpus callosum 1-2, 1-3 □ Rostrum 1-2, 1-3 □ Genu 1-2, 1-3 □ Body 1-2, 1-3 □ Splenium 1-2, 1-3 □ Fornix 1-2, 1-3 □ Column 1-3 □ Body 1-3 □ Crus 1-3 □ Anterior commissure 1-2, 1-3 □ Posterior commissure 1-2 □ Interthalamic adhesion (Massa intermedia) 1-2 □ Optic chiasma 1-3 □ Lamina terminalis □ Mammillary body 1-2 □ Pineal gland 1-2 □ Superior colliculus 1-2 □ Inferior colliculus 1-2 □ Thalamus 1-2 □ Hypothalamus □ Infundibulum □ Septum pellucidum 1-2

11 □ Lateral ventricle □ Interventricular foramen (foramen of 1-3 Monro) □ Third ventricle □ Cerebral aqueduct 1-2 □ Fourth ventricle 1-2 □ Choroid plexus Horizontal section □ Corpus callosum 2-7, 2-8 □ Genu 2-7 □ Body 2-8 □ Splenium 2-7 □ Fornix 2-7 □ Column □ Body 2-7 □ Crus 2-7 □ Fimbria □ Anterior commissure □ Posterior commissure □ Interthalamic adhesion (Massa intermedia) □ Optic chiasma □ Cerebral peduncle □ Substantia nigra □ Red nucleus □ Periaqueductal gray

12 □ Mammillary body □ Pineal gland □ Superior colliculus □ Inferior colliculus □ Lateral geniculate nucleus □ Medial geniculate nucleus □ Caudate nucleus 2-7, 2-8 □ Head 2-7 □ Body 2-8 □ Tail 2-7 □ Putamen 2-7 □ Globus pallidus 2-7 □ External segment □ Internal segment □ Claustrum 2-7 □ Internal capsule 2-7 □ Anterior limb 2-7 □ Genu □ Posterior limb 2-7 □ External capsule 2-7 □ Extreme capsule 2-7 □ Hippocampus 2-6 □ Amygdala □ Thalamus 2-7 □ Hypothalamus

13 □ Infundibulum □ Septum pellucidum 2-7 □ Lateral ventricle 2-6, 2-7, 2-8 □ Anterior horn 2-7 □ Body 2-8 □ Inferior horn 2-6 □ Posterior horn 2-7 □ Third ventricle □ Cerebral aqueduct □ Fourth ventricle □ Choroid plexus 2-6 Coronal section □ Corpus callosum 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 □ Genu □ Body 2-1, 2-2 □ Splenium 2-3, 2-4 □ Fornix 2-3, 2-4 □ Column □ Body □ Crus 2-3, 2-4 □ Fimbria 2-2, 2-5 □ Anterior commissure 2-1 □ Posterior commissure □ Interthalamic adhesion (Massa intermedia) □ Optic chiasma

14 □ Optic tract 2-1, 2-2, 2-5 □ Olfactory nerve □ Cerebral peduncle 2-2, 2-5 □ Substantia nigra 2-2, 2-5 □ Red nucleus □ Periaqueductal gray □ Mammillary body □ Pineal gland □ Superior colliculus □ Inferior colliculus □ Lateral geniculate body 2-3 □ Medial geniculate body 2-3 □ Insula 2-1, 2-2 □ Caudate nucleus 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-5 □ Head 2-1 □ Body 2-2 □ Tail 2-3, 2-5 □ Putamen 2-1, 2-5 □ Globus pallidus 2-1, 2-2, 2-5 □ External segment 2-5 □ Internal segment □ Claustrum 2-1, 2-2 □ Internal capsule 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 □ Anterior limb 2-1 □ Genu

15 □ Posterior limb 2-2 □ External capsule 2-1, 2-2 □ Extreme capsule 2-1, 2-2 □ Hippocampus 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5 □ Amygdala 2-1 □ Thalamus 2-2, 2-3, 2-5 □ Hypothalamus 2-2, 2-5 □ Infundibulum □ Septum pellucidum 2-1 □ Lateral ventricle 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 □ Anterior horn 2-1 □ Body 2-2, 2-3 □ Inferior horn 2-2, 2-3,2-5 □ Posterior horn 2-4 □ Third ventricle □ Cerebral aqueduct □ Fourth ventricle □ Choroid plexus 2-2 Microslides of Brain Stem

Spinal Cord

□ Central canal □ Posterior median sulcus □ Fasciculus gracilis 3-5, 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3

16 □ Posterior intermediate sulcus □ Fasciculus cuneatus 3-5, 5-4, 8-1, 8-2 □ Posterolateral sulcus □ Lateral corticospinal tract 5-4. □ Posterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3. □ Anterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Rubrospinal tract 5-4, 8-3. 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Anterolateral pathway (Anterolateral 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. system; ALS) □ Spinothalamic tract □ Vestibulospinal tract 5-4, □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Tectospinal tract 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Anterior corticospinal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-7. □ Anterior median fissure

Spinomedullary junction

□ Central gray 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3. □ Pyramidal decussation 8-1. □ Nucleus gracilis 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4. □ Fasciculus gracilis 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, □ Nucleus cuneatus 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4. □ Fasciculus cuneatus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2,

17 □ Spinal trigeminal nucleus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Spinal trigeminal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Posterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3. □ Rubrospinal tract 5-4, 8-3. 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Anterolateral pathway (Anterolateral 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. system; ALS) □ Anterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Tectospinal tract 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Medial motor nuclei 5-4, 8-1. □ Accessory nucleus 8-1. □ Anterior corticospinal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-7. □ Pyramid 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6.

Caudal medulla

□ Central gray 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3. □ Central canal □ Raphe nuclei 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Tectospinal tract 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Medial lemniscus 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Posterior longitudinal fasciculus (PLF) 8-4, 8-5, 8-7. □ Hypoglossal nucleus 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5.

18 □ Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Solitary tract 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Nucleus of solitary tract 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Nucleus gracilis 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4. □ Fasciculus gracilis 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, □ Nucleus cuneatus 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4. □ Fasciculus cuneatus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, □ Internal arcuate fibers 8-3. □ Accessory cuneate nucleus 8-3, 8-5. □ Posterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3. □ Anterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Spinal trigeminal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Spinal trigeminal nucleus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Nucleus ambiguus 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Rubrospinal tract 5-4, 8-3. 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Anterolateral pathway (Anterolateral 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. system; ALS) □ Lateral reticular nucleus □ Inferior olivary nucleus (dorsal accessory 8-2, 8-4, 8-5. nucleus) □ Inferior olivary nucleus (principal nucleus) 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior olivary nucleus (medial accessory 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. nucleus)

19 □ Olivocerebellar fibers 8-4, 8-5. □ Pyramid 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Arcuate nucleus 8-2, 8-6. □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 8-4.

Rostral medulla

□ Raphe nuclei 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Tectospinal tract 8-1, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Medial lemniscus 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Posterior longitudinal fasciculus (PLF) 8-4, 8-5, 8-7. □ Hypoglossal nucleus 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Medial vestibular nucleus 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior vestibular nucleus 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior salivatory nucleus 8-5. □ Solitary tract 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Nucleus of solitary tract 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Accessory cuneate nucleus 8-3, 8-5. □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 8-7. □ Cochlear nuclei (dorsal, ventral) 8-6. □ Spinal trigeminal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Spinal trigeminal nucleus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7.

20 □ Reticular formation 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Nucleus ambiguus 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Lateral reticular nucleus □ Rubrospinal tract 5-4, 8-3. 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Anterolateral pathway (Anterolateral 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. system; ALS) □ Anterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Inferior olivary nucleus (dorsal accessory 8-2, 8-4, 8-5. nucleus) □ Inferior olivary nucleus (principal nucleus) 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior olivary nucleus (medial accessory 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. nucleus) □ Olivocerebellar fibers 8-4, 8-5. □ Pyramid 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Arcuate nucleus 8-2, 8-6. □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 8-4.

Pontomedullary junction

21 □ Superior cerebellar peduncle □ Superior vestibular nucleus □ Medial vestibular nucleus 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior vestibular nucleus 8-5, 8-6. □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 8-7. □ Solitary tract and nucleus 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Reticular formation 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Facial nerve 8-7. □ Facial nucleus 8-7. □ Spinal trigeminal tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Spinal trigeminal nucleus 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7. □ Central tegmental tract 8-6, 8-7. □ Rubrospinal tract 5-4, 8-3. 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Anterolateral pathway (Anterolateral 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. system; ALS) □ Anterior spinocerebellar tract 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5. □ Cochlear nuclei 8-6. □ Pyramid 5-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6. □ Basal pons □ Pontine nuclei 8-6, 8-7. □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 8-4.

22 Caudal pons

□ Raphe nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) and 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2 tectospinal tract □ Facial nerve, internal genu 7-1 □ Abducens nucleus, abducens nerve 7-1 □ Facial motor nucleus 7-1 □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 7-1,2,3 □ Middle cerebellar peduncle 7-1,2,3(未標) □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle □ Vestibular nuclei 7-1 □ Solitary tract and nucleus 7-1 □ Spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-1 □ Ventral spinocerebellar tract □ Lateral lemniscus begins 7-1,2,3 □ Reticular formation 7-1,2,3 (未標) 6-1,2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3 ALS) and rubrospinal tract □ Central tegmental tract 7-1,2; 6-1,2,3 □ Medial lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Superior olivary nucleus 7-1 □ Trapezoid body 7-1

23 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 7-1,2,3 (未標); 6-1 □ Basal pons and pontine nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar fibers 7-1,2,3 □ Pontocerebellar fibers 7-1,2,3

Midpons

□ Raphe nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 7-1,2,3 tectospinal tract □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 7-1,2,3 □ Middle cerebellar peduncle 7-1,2,3(未標) □ Inferior cerebellar peduncle □ Vestibular nuclei (superior) 7-1 □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-2 □ Trigeminal main sensory nucleus □ Trigeminal motor nucleus □ Trigeminal nerve 7-1 □ Ventral spinocerebellar tract 7-1,2,3(未標) □ Lateral lemniscus 7-1,2,3 □ Reticular formation 7-1,2,3 (未標)6-1,2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 ALS) and rubrospinal tract □ Central tegmental tract 7-1,2; 6-1,2,3,4

24 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 7-1,2,3(未標); 6-1 □ Basal pons and pontine nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Medial lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Pontocerebellar fibers 7-1,2,3 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 corticopontine fibers

Rostral pons

□ Raphe nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Central gray (periaqueductal gray) 7-3; 6-1,2 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2 tectospinal tract □ Trochlear nerve 7-3; 6-1,2 □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-2 □ Locus ceruleus 7-2 □ Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract □ Central tegmental tract 7-1,2; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Superior cerebellar peduncle 7-1,2,3 ; 6-1,2 □ Lateral lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Reticular formation (7-1,2,3)?; 6-1,2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 ALS) and rubrospinal tract □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 7-1,2,3(未標); 6-1 □ Medial lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4

25 □ Basal pons and pontine nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Pontocerebellar fibers 7-1,2,3 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 corticopontine fibers

Pons-midbrain junction

□ Raphe nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Central gray (periaqueductal gray) 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2 tectospinal tract □ Trochlear decussation □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-2 □ Locus ceruleus 7-2 □ Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract □ Central tegmental tract 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Lateral lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Reticular formation 7-1,2,3(未標); 6-1; 6-1,2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 ALS) □ Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 7-3; 6-1,2 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 6-1 □ Medial lemniscus and rubrospinal tract 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 corticopontine fibers

26 □ Basal pons and pontine nuclei 7-1,2,3 □ Pontocerebellar fibers 7-1,2,3

Caudal midbrain

□ Raphe nuclei 7-1,2,3(pons) □ Central aqueduct 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Central gray (periaqueductal gray) 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Trochlear nucleus 7-3; 6-1,2 □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-2 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2 tectospinal tract □ Inferior colliculus 6-1,2,3 □ Lateral lemniscus 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2 □ Reticular formation (7-1,2,3); 6-1,2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 ALS) □ Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract □ Central tegmental tract 7-1,2; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 6-1 □ Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 6-1,2 □ Medial lemniscus and rubrospinal tract 7-1,2,3; 6-1,2,3,4 □ Cerebral peduncle 6-1,2,3,4 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-3; 6-1,2,3,4 corticopontine fibers

Mid-midbrain

□ Raphe nuclei 7-3 □ Central aqueduct 6-4 □ Central gray (periaqueductal gray) 6-1, 6-2 □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-1, 7-2 □ Inferior colliculus and brachium of inferior 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 colliculus □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 6-1, 6-2 tectospinal tract □ Reticular formation 6-1, 6-2 □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 ALS) □ Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract □ Central tegmental tract 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 6-1 □ Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 6-1, 6-2 □ Medial lemniscus and rubrospinal tract 6-3, 6-4 □ Interpeduncular fossa and nucleus 6-1, 6-2 □ Substantia nigra 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 □ Cerebral peduncle 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-2 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-1, 7-2, 7-3

28 corticopontine fibers Rostral midbrain □ Raphe nuclei 7-3 □ Central aqueduct 6-4 □ Central gray (periaqueductal gray) 6-1, 6-2 □ Mesencephalic trigeminal tract and nucleus 7-1, 7-2 □ Oculomotor nucleus and nerve fibers 6-2, 6-3 □ Edinger-Westphal nucleus 6-3 □ Superior colliculus 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 □ Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), 6-1, 6-2 tectospinal tract □ Anterolateral pathway (anterolateral system, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 ALS) □ Brachium of inferior colliculus 6-2, 6-3 □ Reticular formation 6-1, 6-2 □ Dorsal trigeminothalamic tract □ Central tegmental tract 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 □ Ventral trigeminothalamic tract 6-1 □ Medial lemniscus and rubrospinal tract 6-3, 6-4 □ Red nucleus 6-3, 6-4 □ Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle 6-1, 6-2 □ Ventral tegmental area □ Substantia nigra 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4

29 □ Corticospinal, corticobulbar, and 7-1, 7-2, 7-3 corticopontine fibers □ Cerebral peduncle 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-2

Diencephalon

Nuclei-related □ Amygdaloid nuclei 6-3, 6-4 □ Anterior amydaloid area □ Caudate nucleus 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Cortex of insula □ Cingulate gyrus □ Habenular nucleus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3（nucleus 均未標出） □ Hypothalamus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 6-4 □ Infundibulum □ Lentiform nucleus □ Globus pallidus 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7 □ External segment □ Internal segment □ Putamen 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Mammillary body 6-3, 6-4 □ Preoptic nucleus □ Pons □ Red nucleus 9-1

30 □ Subthalamic nucleus □ Substantia nigra 9-1 □ Thalamus □ Interthalamic adhesion 9-4, 9-5 □ External medullary lamina 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Internal medullary lamina 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Centromedian nucleus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 □ Anterior division □ Anterior nucleus 9-7, 9-8 □ Lateral division □ Lateral dorsal nucleus 9-6, 9-7 □ Lateral posterior nucleus 9-5, 9-6 □ Lateral geniculate body 6-3, 6-4 □ Medial geniculate body 6-3, 6-4 □ Pulvinar nucleus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3 □ Reticular nucleus 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-8, 9-9 □ Ventral anterior nucleus (VA) 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8 □ Ventral lateral nucleus(VL) 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7 □ Ventral posterolateral nucleus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 (VPL) □ Ventral posteromedial nucleus 9-1, 9-2, 9-3 (VPM) □ Medial division

31 □ Dorsomedial nucleus(DM) 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6 □ Midline nucleus □ Tuber cinereum Tracts-related □ Arcuate fasciculus □ Ansa lenticularis 9-3 □ Anterior commissure 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5 □ Corona radiata □ Claustrum □ Corpus callosum □ Rostrum □ Genu 9-9 □ Body □ Splenium 9-9 □ Cerebral peduncle 9-1 □ External capsule □ Extreme capsule □ Fasciculus retroflexus □ Fornix □ Column 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6 □ Body 9-7, 9-8 □ Commissure □ Crus 9-5, 9-6, 9-7

32 □ Habenular commissure □ Habenularinterpeduncular tract 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 6-3, 6-4 □ Internal capsule □ Anterior limb 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Genu 9-6, 9-8, 9-9 □ Posterior limb 9-2, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Optic chiasma 6-4 □ Optic tract 6-3 □ Optic radiation 9-1 □ Posterior commissure 9-1 □ Stria terminalis 9-8, 9-9 □ Stria medullaris of the thalamus 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 9-7 □ Subthalamus □ Ansa lenticularis 9-2

□ Lenticular fasciculus (Field H2 of Forel) □ Prerubral area (Field H of Forel) □ Sensory fasciculus (medial lemniscus, spinothalamic tract, trigeminothalamic tract) □ Subthalamic fasciculus 9-2 □ Supramammillary commissure

□ Thalamic fasciculus (Field H1 of Forel) 9-2, 9-3 □ Zona incerta 9-2, 9-3, 9-4

33 □ Thalamus □ Mammillothalamic tract 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5, 9-6, 6-4 Other terms □ 3rd ventricle 9-1, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5 □ Choroid plexus 9-8, 9-9 □ Lateral ventricles 9-7, 9-8, 9-9 □ Septum pellucidum 9-8, 9-9