1 Table of Contents

1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Lesson Plans 5-7 Folder and List for Notes 8-9 Lexington and Concord Poster, Video Link, 5 W’s Printable 10-11 Second Continental Congress Poster, Video Link, Newspaper Writing, 12-13 Debate Battle of Ticonderoga Poster, Video Link 14 Battle of Bunker Hill Poster, Video Link, Cause and Effect Printable 15-16 Olive Branch Petition Poster 17 Battle of Quebec Poster 18 Common Sense Poster, Video Link, Diamante Poem Directions/Template 19-22 Declaration of Independence Poster, Video Link, Analyze vocabulary and 23-25 questions printable. Recite! Battle of Trenton Poster, Video Link 26 Battle of Saratoga Poster, Video Link, Point of view letter writing 27-28 Valley Forge Poster, Video Link, Grouping Activity Printable 29-30 Battle of Rhode Island, QR code/website to article, Questions Printable 31-33 Bonhomme Richard Poster, Video Link, Acrostic Poem Printable 34-35 Battle of Charleston/ Kings Mountain Posters 36-37 Battle of Cowpens Poster- Compare and Contrast Printable 38-39 Yorktown Poster, Video Link, Illustrate and label Printable 40-41

Treaty of Paris Posters, Video Link, Critical Thinking Printable 42-44

Study Guide, Web Review with QR code, Timeline Review, and Test 45-50

Answer Keys 51-61 4

©P.Olivieri ( Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

War Person ______

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Name ______

Events of the American Revolution

Year Event Description of the Event Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress Battle of Ticonderoga

Battle of Bunker Hill

Battle of Quebec

Common Sense

Declaration of Independence Battle of Trenton

Battle of Saratoga

Valley Forge

Battle of Rhode Island

Bonhomme Richard

Battle of Charleston

Battle of Kings Mountain Battle of Cowpens

Yorktown

Treaty of Paris 9

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Lexington and Concord April 19, 1775

The Battles of Lexington and Concord marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War. British troops wanted to capture leaders of the Sons of Liberty and seize weapons. Paul Revere and William Dawes rode horses to warn the colonists which helped John Hancock and Samuel Adams escape. Other minutemen hid the supplies. In Lexington, Britain didn’t plan to fight. However, there was chaos and someone fired “The Shot Heard Around the World!” British forces outweighed the militia so Americans fled to Concord and gathered more men. When the British army arrived, they searched the town for weapons with little success. The American militia overpowered Britain which caused them to retreat. They marched back to Boston as Americans followed and continued to attack.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

What

Who

Where Battle of Lexington and When Concord

Why

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Second Continental Congress

By May of 1775, tension between Britain and America was rising. British troops were determined to arrest Patriot leaders and kill minutemen (well-trained militia groups ready to fight in a minute) who got in the way. Redcoats were swarming around Boston. The Second Continental Congress decided to convene in Philadelphia, PA. The issues were not just about declaring independence anymore. Now they needed to create a Continental Army to defend the country from bloodshed. George Washington was assigned to be the Commander- in-Chief. The Second Continental Congress also agreed to print money to pay for supplies.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Choose one group from the Revoluonary War. (Sons of Liberty, Daughters of Liberty, Women in War, African Americans, Minutemen, Nave Americans, French soldiers, Loyalists, Brish King and Parliament, Connental Army, Brish Army) Pretend you are a reporter and interviewed them during the war. Write an arcle arguing their point of view about the issues from war.

Name of Newspaper and date

______Title of Arcle by______Illustraon ______Illustraon capon ______13

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Ticonderoga May 10, 1775

Fort Ticonderoga is on Lake Champlain in northeastern New York. During the French and Indian War, this location was important to reach Canada and the Hudson River Valley. In May 1775, Ethan Allen (with the Green Mountain Boys) along with Benedict Arnold led a surprise attack on the fort at daybreak. The British soldiers were sleeping so they were unprepared. The Continental Army was able to capture the fort with ease. Although it wasn’t a large conquest, it was the first American victory and they gained artillery essential for future battles.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Bunker Hill June 17, 1775

Funny Fact: Most of the battle took place on Breeds Hill but it is called the Battle of Bunker Hill because the army thought they were there.

The Battle of Bunker Hill occurred shortly after the war began on the outskirts of Boston. Patriots heard that the British were coming to take over Bunker Hill and Breeds Hill. Britain wanted to use the hills to bombard Americans from a distance. Patriot troops crept onto the hill and worked all night building a fort to defend themselves. They were exhausted and hungry. American Colonel William Prescott said, “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes.” The British attacked and the Americans fought hard. Patriots eventually had to retreat because they ran out of ammunition. The British gained the hill, but they lost twice as many men.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Name ______Battle of Ticonderoga and Bunker Hill Cause and Effect

Write “cause” or “effect” on the line for each of the sentences below.

Fort Ticonderoga

1. Fort Ticonderoga was an important Canada was easily assessable. location. ______2. Allen and Arnold conducted a The British soldiers were sleeping. surprise attack. ______3. The British soldiers were The fort was easily captured. unprepared. ______4. The Continental Army seized the The Continental Army had artillery for British artillery. _____ future battles. ______5. The conquest of Fort Ticonderoga It was the first American victory in the was considered important. _____ war. _____

Bunker Hill

1. The British were coming to take over The British wanted to use the hills to Bunker Hill and Breeds Hill. _____ bombard Americans from a distance. ______2. The Americans wanted to defend The Americans worked on building a themselves. _____ fort all through the night. ______3. The Americans were exhausted The Americans worked on building a and hungry. _____ fort all through the night. ______4. The Americans ran out of . _____ The Americans had to retreat. _____ ammunition. ______5. Prescott said, “Don’t fire until you The Americans were exhausted and see the whites in their eyes!” _____ low on ammunition. _____

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Olive Branch Petition July 5, 1775

Congress approved the Olive Branch Petition, a final appeal to the king to reconcile with the colonies. Most American delegates were still loyal to King George III and pleaded with him to resolve the issues peacefully. The king refused and even hired Hessian mercenaries (paid soldiers from Germany) to control the colonists. Cries for independence grew stronger and some of the members of Congress were wanted for treason. With a peaceful solution not hopeful in the near future, it was inevitable that a declaration of independence would be adopted in the summer of 1776.

17 ©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Quebec December 31, 1775

Patriot forces under Colonel Benedict Arnold and General Richard Montgomery hoped to capture the city of Quebec that was under British control. They hoped this conquest would gain support for the American cause. Their strategy was to have each troop strike a different wall in the city. It was early morning under snowfall when the troops attacked. Unfortunately, the British defenders were armed and ready. British casualties were minimal whereas close to 400 Patriots were captured, injured, or killed. Montgomery lost his life and Arnold got wounded in the leg. This fateful battle became the first major loss for the Americans.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Common Sense 1776

Common Sense was written by Thomas Paine and became the most popular pamphlet in the colonies. It was the first written request for independence from Britain. It attacked the laws formed by the Parliament and was written in plain language so he could reach all the common people.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

Diamante Poem

Read the above passages. Create a diamante poem changing from Olive Branch Petition to Common Sense using the directions below.

Line 1: Noun 1 Line 2: Adjective, adjective Line 3: -ing, -ing, -ing Line 4: 4 nouns about noun 1

(change into antonym!)

Line 5: 4 nouns about noun 2 Line 6: -ing, -ing, -ing Line 7: Adjective, adjective Line 8: Antonym- Noun 2

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Diamante

In a shape of a diamond and changes subjects

Morning Light, fresh Waking, eating, brushing Pancakes, dew, sunrise, orange juice Moon, stars, pillow, pajamas Reading, yawning, sleeping Dark, quiet Night

Line 1: Noun 1 Line 2: Adjective, adjective Line 3: -ing, -ing, -ing Line 4: 4 nouns about noun 1

(change over to next topic!)

Line 5: 4 nouns about noun 2 Line 6: -ing, -ing, -ing Line 7: Adjective, adjective Line 8: Noun 2

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

______Title

______

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776

We hold …with these certain truths to unalienable be self- Rights, evident, that that all men among are these are created Life, equal, that Liberty they are and the endowed pursuit by their of Creator… happiness.

The Declaration of Independence is a document adopted by the Continental Congress to officially state that the 13 colonies in war are declaring their independence and breaking free from the British rule. They named their new nation, the United States of America.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Define the meaning of the following words:

1. declaration- ______2. independence- ______3. self-evident- ______4. endowed- ______5. unalienable- ______6. liberty- ______7. pursuit- ______

THINK THINK THINK!!! Answer the following questions. What traits would be best for the author of Declaration of Independence? ______What does “pursuit of happiness” mean? ______What freedoms do we have today? ______

______25

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Battle of Trenton Dec 26, 1776

The Continental Army led by General George Washington crossed Delaware on Christmas Day. For ten days, they battled in the freezing cold with British forces. Although Hessian mercenaries were warned of Patriots approaching, they were exhausted and unprepared for the attack. The tough garrison of Hessians were defeated. Then the Patriots retreated and returned later to force British soldiers south. Next, they marched at night to capture Princeton. Once again Patriots were victorious. Americans now controlled much of New Jersey. They only suffered seven casualties (five were wounded and two were frozen to death). British troops suffered a greater loss with 918 captured, 92 injured, 400 escaped, and 22 killed. American troops soon shared a sense unity and morale throughout the colonies was heightened.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Saratoga September 19, 1777

The Battle of Saratoga was two battles - the Battle of Freeman's Farm and the Battle of Bemis Heights. General Gates led the American Forces with the help of General Arnold. He relieved Arnold of his duties after an argument and Americans lost the first battle. Although the British forces were exhausted, they continued to advance. Gates led a successful defense, however, Arnold came back to lead them into an aggressive attack which caused the British troops to surrender. The Battle of Saratoga is considered the turning point in the war. Americans proved that they were dedicated enough to defeat the well-trained British forces. France soon gave Americans support for independence.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

In the box below, draw and color an illustration of an artifact that someone from the Revolutionary period wore or used. Ex: shoe, hat, button, coat, lapel, quill, stamp, compass, battle map, brass pocket telescope, journal, etc. Then on the lines, write from a first person point of view. Pretend you are that object. Tell who may have owned you, what happened to you in the war, and where you ended up after the war.

I am a ______

______

______28

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Valley Forge December 1777-June 1778

Valley Forge was not a battle. It was a camp close to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for the Continental Army. In this picture, General Washington and Marquis de Lafayette came to check on the troops. The men didn’t have the proper clothing for freezing temperatures. They were in rags and some were shoeless. They were also suffering of starvation. Many men died over the six-months of encampment. However, the men that survived this hardship were disciplined and committed to their purpose.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______Valley Forge Grouping

List 20 items that would have been helpful to the soldiers at Valley Forge.

1. ______8. ______15. ______2. ______9. ______16. ______3. ______10. ______17. ______4. ______11. ______18. ______5. ______12. ______19. ______6. ______13. ______20. ______7. ______14. ______

Next, create groups of words with common threads. Give each group a title. The minimum of words per group is two. The maximum is six. Good luck!

______Group Title Group Title

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Rhode Island August 1778

hp://www.quahog.org/factsfolklore/index.php?id=153

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Rhode Island August 1778

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

Battle of Rhode Island Read the Internet article about the Battle of Rhode Island. Fill in the blank with the correct word from the word box.

retreated warships Hessians Narragansett Bay desertions British France Lafayette residents supplies skirmishes George Washington

1. On April 22, 1778, ______had agreed to join the American cause, and would furnish fighting assistance on land and sea.

2. In July, ______and Hessian troops were transported to Rhode Island down the Bay and there they encamped.

3. Could you imagine what went through the minds of the local ______as troops swarmed through their town?

4. ______sent Major General John Sullivan to command the forces in Rhode Island.

5. Near the end of July, the French fleet left New York waters and came to blockade the enemy in ______after the ships arrived off Newport.

6. The American forces grew in strength. Generals Greene, ______, and other military experts came to the assistance of Sullivan, while volunteers poured in from all parts of New England and New York.

7. A storm prevented a naval battle and disabled several of the French ______. This storm played havoc with American forces established on the island in flimsy tents.

8. The British and ______lined up for battle just a little north of Newport and awaited an attack from Sullivan who proceeded to march down the island opposite the enemy lines. The French ships failed to appear so a heavy cannonade was ordered all along the line and this kept up for five days.

9. The shortage of food and ______, the failure of the French fleet to return, and the long delay created a general dissatisfaction in the American ranks.

10. ______reduced Sullivan’s men from 10,000 to 5,000.

11. Lively ______took place between the pickets and outposts of the two armies.

12. At the end of the day, the British at last gave way and ______to 33 the fortifications on Quaker Hill.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Bonhomme Richard September 23, 1779

John Paul Jones received a ship from the French King and named it Bonhomme Richard, in honor of Ben Franklin’s “Poor Richard.” It wasn’t in the best shape. It was sailing in a fleet with troop and merchant supplies when it encountered the powerful British HMS Serapis. They battled for four hours when Bonhomme Richard was struck and exploded. It sank on September 25th. Fortunately, John Paul Jones didn’t give up and continued fighting. He then captured Serapis!

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014

Name ______

______

______35 ©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Charleston March 29, 1780

The Battle of Charleston, SC took place because British troops turned to the south after getting defeated in the north. 600 slaves were ordered to build forts to help protect an invasion of Charleston. The large British army landed on the coast between Savannah and Charleston. Savannah was easily captured and the Americans were unsuccessful at regaining control. There were too many loyalists and powerful British forces. Then British troops marched overland and seized Charleston along with close to 5,000 Continental soldiers. It was the greatest loss for the Americans in the war and gave Britain control of the south. 36

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Kings Mountain October 1780

Following the Siege of Charleston and the defeat at Camden, the British commander, General Cornwallis, was confident in his decisions. In September, he invaded North Carolina and sent Ferguson to gather men from Allegheny Mountains to join their mission. Ferguson resorted to threatening loyalists. This tactic forced an armed body of men from settlements in Tennessee to join Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina militia. They searched and found the British soldiers encamped on the top of King's Mountain. It only took them an hour to kill, wound or capture every British soldier. This forced General Cornwallis to retreat from Charlotte, North Carolina and proved to be a morale boost to the American troops.

©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Battle of Cowpens January 17, 1781

The American forces sent more troops to the south where they encountered British troops at the Battle of Cowpens, SC. The Continental Army was still outnumbered and barely prepared. When the British forces attacked, the militia was instructed to leave the front line after firing two rounds. This confused the British troops so Americans attacked aggressively. The result was a mass surrender with more than 800 British troops either killed, wounded or captured. This American victory was a huge morale boost and turned the tables in the south. It convinced the British troops to go back up north.

Name ______

Compare and Contrast Battles of Charleston and Cowpens

The Battle of Charleston, SC took place The American forces sent more troops to because British troops turned to the south the south where they encountered British after getting defeated in the north. 600 troops at the Battle of Cowpens, SC. The slaves were ordered to build forts to help Continental Army was still outnumbered protect an invasion of Charleston. The large and barely prepared. When the British British army landed on the coast between forces attacked, the militia was instructed Savannah and Charleston. Savannah was to leave the front line after firing two easily captured and the Americans were rounds. This confused the British troops unsuccessful at regaining control. There so Americans attacked aggressively. The were too many loyalists and powerful British result was a mass surrender with more forces. Then British troops marched than 800 British troops either killed, overland and seized Charleston along with wounded or captured. This American close to 5,000 Continental soldiers. It was victory was a huge morale boost and turned the greatest loss for the Americans in the the tables in the south. It convinced the war and gave Britain control of the south. British troops to go back up north.

Charleston same Cowpens

The Battle of Yorktown was located in VA. The Continental Army learned that the British were heading north so they raced to trap them by land and sea. France allies defeated a British fleet trying to bring supplies to Cornwallis. Then the French and American troops surrounded British forces at Yorktown to keep them from fleeing by land. They slowly moved in on them. With no supplies and nowhere to escape, Britain was forced to surrender. The above illustration depicts Cornwallis surrendering to Washington on October 19, 1781. Americans won their independence!

Name ______

The Battle of Yorktown

The Battle of Yorktown was located in VA. The Continental Army learned that the British were heading north so they raced to trap them by land and sea. France allies defeated a British fleet trying to bring supplies to Cornwallis. Then the French and American troops surrounded British forces at Yorktown to keep them from fleeing by land. They slowly moved in on them. With no supplies and nowhere to escape, Cornwallis was forced to surrender to Washington on October 19, 1781. Americans won their independence!

Read the paragraph above. Then illustrate and label all details.

The Treaty of Paris was finally signed almost two years after the Battle at Yorktown. Britain's King George III was not ready to give the colonists their independence even though he couldn’t win the war. Three representatives (John Adams, John Jay, and Benjamin Franklin) were sent from the colonies to Britain to work out the terms of the peace treaty. It took them a great deal of time and discussion to convince the king that America would not sign a peace treaty unless it included their freedom from British rule and the acceptance of the American allies..

1. The end of the American Revolution.

2. The 13 states were now free to make their own rules.

3. The land that was reserved for the Indian nations was now available for settlement.

4. All British troops would leave the American territories.

5. The trading laws were repealed and American colonists were free to trade with anyone of their choice.

Name ______Treaty of Paris The Treaty of Paris finally signed almost two years after the Battle at Yorktown. Britain's King George III was not ready to give the colonists their independence even though he couldn’t win the war. Three representatives (John Adams, John Jay, and Benjamin Franklin) were sent from the colonies to Britain to work out the terms of the peace treaty. It took them a great deal of time and discussion to convince the king that America would not sign a peace treaty unless it included their freedom from British rule and the acceptance of the American allies.

Why did it take King George III almost two years to sign the Treaty of Paris?

______

Who did the colonies send to Britain to work on the treaty?

______

Why do you think it took them a great deal of time to convince the king to agree to their terms?

______

THINK, THINK, THINK!!!

How did each of the accomplishments from the Treaty of Paris benefit the colonists?

Accomplishments of the American Benefits Treaty of Paris

1. The end of the American Revolution.

2. The 13 states were now free to make their own rules.

3. The land that was reserved for the Indian nations was now available for settlement.

4. All British troops would leave the

American territories

5. The trading laws were repealed and American colonists were free to trade with anyone of their choice. 44

Name ______Test Date ______The American Revolution Study Guide

Vocabulary 1. Patriots- American colonists who fought for freedom 2. Loyalists- Another name for Tories- Colonists who sided with Britain and supported King George’s laws 3. Sons of Liberty- An organization of Patriots who fought for the rights of the colonists. 4. militia- Untrained army gathered together to fight 5. retreat- withdraw of enemy forces 6. seize- take hold of suddenly with force

Battles/Events 1. Battle of Lexington and Concord- Marked the beginning of the war. The British came to capture Samuel Adams and John Hancock. Paul Revere warned them so they could escape. The British also wanted to seize their supplies. “The Shot Heard Around the World” began the battle. 2. Second Continental Congress- Agreed to form Continental Army and print money for supplies. 3. Battle of Ticonderoga- Arnold and Allen surprised the British at daybreak. 1st American victory. 4. Battle of Bunker Hill- Patriots worked all night building a fort to fight off the British. Patriots ran out of ammunition so had to retreat. However, British lost twice as many men. 5. Olive Branch Petition- a final appeal to the king to reconcile with the colonists. 6. Battle of Quebec- Arnold and Montgomery attacked different walls but British were ready and won. 7. Common Sense- Thomas Paine wrote it to convince colonists to fight for freedom. 8. Declaration of Independence- Document that made Americans free from British rule! 9. Battle of Trenton- Battled for ten days after Christmas in freezing cold and defeated Hessians 10. Battle of Saratoga- British were running out of food and Patriots were growing in size from volunteers. This was the turning point of the war- Patriots won! 11. Valley Forge- Patriots camped for 6 months (cold, starving, in rags, no shoes) Many men died. 12. Battle of Rhode Island- French joined forces. Sullivan lost men, but still defeated British. 13. Bonhomme Richard- A ship led by John Paul Jones defeated the British Serapis. 14. Battle of Charleston- British changed their strategy and started attacking the South. They captured Charleston and close to 5,000 American soldiers. British was now controlling the South. 15. Battle of Kings Mountain- Militias killed or captured all the British soldiers. Cornwallis retreated. 16. Battle of Cowpens- The British were outnumbered and not prepared. There was a mass surrender and this turned the tables in the South. Now the British were heading back north. 17. Battle of Yorktown- Patriots raced to trap the British by land and sea. A British fleet was defeated trying to bring supplies. The British surrendered and the war ended. 18. Treaty of Paris- A document signed to officially end the war.

1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 _l_____l_____l_____l_____l_____l_____l_____l_____l__ April July. Sept. Aug. Apr. Jan. Sept. Lexington Declaration Saratoga Rhode Island Charleston Cowpens Treaty Concord of Paris May Dec Dec. Sept Oct. Oct. Ticonderoga Trenton Valley Forge Bonhomme Kings Mtn. Yorktown June Richard Bunker Hill Dec. 45 Quebec Timeline ©P.Olivieri (Rockin Resources), 2014 Play Arcade Games to Review for Test!

http://www.classtools.net/mob/quiz_22/ The_American_Revolution_oYlas.htm

Name______

Revolutionary War Timeline

Word Box: Charleston Rhode Island Saratoga Bonhomme Richard Ticonderoga Trenton Declaration Treaty of Paris Lexington and Concord Bunker Hill Quebec Kings Mountain Cowpens Valley Forge Yorktown

______1775

______1776

1777 ______

1778 ______

1779 ______

1780 ______

1781 ______

1782 ______

1783 ______47